List of substances used in rituals (English Wikipedia)

Catherine Beyer. "Peyote and the Native American Church". About.com Religion & Spirituality. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2015.

aish.com

"Drinking on Purim". aishcom. 28 February 2015.

albertojosevarela.com

"BUFO ALVARIUS, SONORAN DESERT TOAD (5MeoDMT): The experience of cosmic unity, which gives an enlightening vision of oneself and of existence". Alberto José Varela. 12 September 2016. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.

anglican.org

cofe.anglican.org

Ethical Investment Advisory Group (January 2005). "Alcohol: An inappropriate investment for Anglicanism" (PDF). Church of England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-02-26. Retrieved 2007-02-08. Christians who are committed to total abstinence have sometimes interpreted biblical references to wine as meaning unfermented grape juice, but this is surely inconsistent with the recognition of both good and evil in the biblical attitude to wine. It is self-evident that human choice plays a crucial role in the use or abuse of alcohol.

answers.com

invent.answers.com

"The History of Alcohol - Invent.Answers.com". Archived from the original on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2014.

archive.org

Wasson, R. Gordon (1980). The wondrous mushroom: Mycolatry in Mesoamerica. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 5–10. ISBN 978-0-07-068442-3.
Harner, Michael (1980). The Way of the Shaman. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-250373-2.
Rätsch 2005, p. 1376. Rätsch, Christian (2005). The encyclopedia of psychoactive plants : ethnopharmacology and its applications. Rochester, Vt, United States: Park Street Press. ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2. Internet Archive EPub file – freely downloadable (37Mb)
Rätsch 2005, p. 1285. Rätsch, Christian (2005). The encyclopedia of psychoactive plants : ethnopharmacology and its applications. Rochester, Vt, United States: Park Street Press. ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2. Internet Archive EPub file – freely downloadable (37Mb)
Rätsch 2005, pp. 908, 924–926. Rätsch, Christian (2005). The encyclopedia of psychoactive plants : ethnopharmacology and its applications. Rochester, Vt, United States: Park Street Press. ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2. Internet Archive EPub file – freely downloadable (37Mb)
Rätsch 2005, p. 1656. Rätsch, Christian (2005). The encyclopedia of psychoactive plants : ethnopharmacology and its applications. Rochester, Vt, United States: Park Street Press. ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2. Internet Archive EPub file – freely downloadable (37Mb)
Amiche, M.; Delfour, A.; Nicolas, P. (1998). "Opioid peptides from frog skin". In Pierre Jolles (ed.). d-Amino Acids in Sequences of Secreted Peptides of Multicellular Organisms. Experientia Supplementum (EXS). Vol. 85. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser Basel. pp. 57–71. doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8837-0_4 (inactive 1 July 2025). ISBN 978-3-0348-9794-5. ISSN 1664-431X. PMID 9949868.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) Link to Springer (publisher) page for Experientia Supplementum (EXS) series
Rätsch 2005, "Peganum harmala Linnaeus: Syrian Rue, Harmel", pp. 1022–1928. Rätsch, Christian (2005). The encyclopedia of psychoactive plants : ethnopharmacology and its applications. Rochester, Vt, United States: Park Street Press. ISBN 978-0-89281-978-2. Internet Archive EPub file – freely downloadable (37Mb)

ars-grin.gov

sun.ars-grin.gov

"Chemical Information". sun.ars-grin.gov. Archived from the original on 2004-11-21. Retrieved 2008-04-11.

banrep.gov.co

Museo del Oro, Banco de la República. "Museo del Oro, Colombia" (in Spanish). Banrep.gov.co. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2012.

bbc.co.uk

"'World's oldest brewery' found in cave in Israel, say researchers". British Broadcasting Corporation. 15 September 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.

bbc.com

McHugo, John (18 April 2013). "How a drink downed by Arab mystics went global". BBC News.

books.google.com

Glasby, J. S. (1991-07-02). Directory Of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-203-48987-1. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
Biaggioni, Italo; et al. (2011). Primer on the Autonomic Nervous System. Academic Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-12-386525-0.
Pennachio, Marcello; et al. (2010). Uses and Abuses of Plant-Derived Smoke: Its Ethnobotany As Hallucinogen, Perfume, Incense, and Medicine. Oxford University Press. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-19-537001-0.
Davis, Wade (1997). The Serpent and the Rainbow: a Harvard scientist's astonishing journey into the secret societies of Haitian voodoo, zombis and magic. Simon & Schuster. p. ^{[page needed]}. ISBN 978-0-684-83929-5.
Weinberg, Bennett Alan; Bealer, Bonnie K. (2001). The world of caffeine. Routledge. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-0-415-92723-9.
Tann, Mambo Chita (2012-02-08). Haitian Vodou: An Introduction to Haiti's Indigenous Spiritual Tradition. Llewellyn Worldwide. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-7387-3163-6.
Thomas P. Kasulis (August 2004). Shinto. University of Hawaii Press. p. 70. ISBN 978-0-8248-6430-9.
Brian Bocking (30 September 2005). A Popular Dictionary of Shinto. Routledge. p. 175. ISBN 978-1-135-79738-6.

bucknell.edu

facstaff.bucknell.edu

Shield, James Mark (2007) [Revised from original 1990 version], Christ and the Cactus: A Study of Peyotism among the Canadian Sioux (PDF), Bucknell University, archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-06-20, retrieved 2020-03-15

catholic.com

Madrid, Patrick (March 1992). "Wrath of Grapes". This Rock. 3 (3). Archived from the original on 2007-03-07. Retrieved 2007-03-16. The [Catholic] Church teaches ... that wine, like food, sex, laughter, and dancing, is a good thing when enjoyed in its proper time and context. To abuse any good thing is a sin, but the thing abused does not itself become sinful.

crcna.org

"Alcohol". Christian Reformed Church in North America. 1996–2007. Archived from the original on 2012-10-21. Retrieved 2007-02-24.

csp.org

MDMA and Religion Archived 2013-04-24 at the Wayback Machine. CSP. Retrieved on 11 June 2011.

doi.org

Schmull, Michaela; Dal-Forno, Manuela; Lücking, Robert; Cao, Shugeng; Clardy, Jon; Lawrey, James D. (2014). "Dictyonema huaorani (Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae), a new lichenized basidiomycete from Amazonian Ecuador with presumed hallucinogenic properties". The Bryologist. 117 (4): 386–394. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-117.4.386. S2CID 84084929.
Nyberg, H. (1992). "Religious use of hallucinogenic fungi: A comparison between Siberian and Mesoamerican Cultures". Karstenia. 32 (71–80): 71–80. doi:10.29203/ka.1992.294.
Callaway, JC; Brito, GS; Neves, ES (2005). "Phytochemical analyses of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 37 (2): 145–150. doi:10.1080/02791072.2005.10399795. PMID 16149327. S2CID 30736017.
Moretti C, Gaillard Y, Grenand P, Bévalot F, Prévosto JM (June 2006). "Identification of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (bufotenine) in takini (Brosimumacutifolium Huber subsp. acutifolium C.C. Berg, Moraceae), a shamanic potion used in the Guiana Plateau". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 106 (2): 198–202. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.022. PMID 16455218.
Chao JM, Der Marderosian AH (1973). "Ergoline alkaloidal constituents of Hawaiian baby wood rose, Argyreia nervosa (Burmf) Bojer". J. Pharm. Sci. 62 (4): 588–591. doi:10.1002/jps.2600620409. PMID 4698977.
Jansen, Suze A.; Kleerekooper, Iris; Hofman, Zonne L. M.; Kappen, Isabelle F. P. M.; Stary-Weinzinger, Anna; van der Heyden, Marcel A. G. (September 2012). "Grayanotoxin Poisoning: 'Mad Honey Disease' and Beyond". Cardiovascular Toxicology. 12 (3): 208–215. doi:10.1007/s12012-012-9162-2. PMC 3404272. PMID 22528814.
Carod-Artal, FJ (2015). "Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures". Neurologia. 30 (1): 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2011.07.003. PMID 21893367.
Agurell, S; Holmstedt, B; Lindgren, JE; Schultes, RE (1969). "Alkaloids in certain species of Virola and other South American plants of ethnopharmacologic interest". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 23 (3): 903–16. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-0903. PMID 5806312.
Valdés, Leander J. III; Díaz, JoséLuis; Paul, Ara G. (December 2002). "Ethnopharmacology of ska María Pastora (Salvia divinorum, Epling AND Játiva-M.)". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 83 (3): 287–312. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(83)90004-1. hdl:2027.42/25229. PMID 6876852.
Ott, Jonathan (2001). "Pharmañopo-psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 33 (3): 273–281. doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400574. PMID 11718320. S2CID 5877023. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
Ogalde, Juan P.; Bernardo T. Arriaza; Elia C. Soto (2010). "Uso de plantas psicoactivas en el north de Chile: evidencia química del consumo de ayahuasca durante el periodo medio (500-1000 d.C.)". Latin American Antiquity (in Spanish). 21 (4): 441–450. doi:10.7183/1045-6635.21.4.441. S2CID 163915994.
Brandt, Simon D.; Kavanagh, Pierce V.; Westphal, Folker; Stratford, Alexander; Odland, Anna U.; Klein, Adam K.; Dowling, Geraldine; Dempster, Nicola M.; Wallach, Jason; Passie, Torsten; Halberstadt, Adam L. (2020). "Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-cyclopropanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP-LSD)". Drug Testing and Analysis. 12 (6): 812–826. doi:10.1002/dta.2789. ISSN 1942-7611. PMC 9191646. PMID 32180350. S2CID 212738912.
Sałaga, Maciej; Fichna, Jakub; Socała, Katarzyna; Nieoczym, Dorota; Pieróg, Mateusz; Zielińska, Marta; Kowalczuk, Anna; Wlaź, Piotr (2016). "Neuropharmacological characterization of the oneirogenic Mexican plant Calea zacatechichi aqueous extract in mice". Metabolic Brain Disease. 31 (3): 631–641. doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9794-1. ISSN 0885-7490. PMC 4863909. PMID 26821073.
Bertol, Elisabetta; Fineschi, Vittorio; Karch, Steven B.; Mari, Francesco; Riezzo, Irene (2004). "Nymphaea cults in ancient Egypt and the New World: a lesson in empirical pharmacology". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 97 (2): 84–85. doi:10.1177/014107680409700214. PMC 1079300. PMID 14749409.
Dillinger, T. L.; Barriga, P.; Escárcega, S.; Jimenez, M.; Salazar Lowe, D.; Grivetti, L. E. (2000). "Food of the gods: Cure for humanity? A cultural history of the medicinal and ritual use of chocolate". The Journal of Nutrition. 130 (8S Suppl): 2057S – 72S. doi:10.1093/jn/130.8.2057S. PMID 10917925.
Lewis, WH; Kennelly, EJ; Bass, GN; Wedner, HJ; Elvin, L (1991). "Ritualistic use of the holly Ilex guayusa by Amazonian Jivaro Indians". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 33 (1–2): 25–30. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(91)90156-8. PMID 1682531.
Kikura-Hanajiri, Ruri; Kawamura, Maiko; Maruyama, Takuro; Kitajima, Mariko; Takayama, Hiromitsu; Goda, Yukihiro (July 2009). "Simultaneous analysis of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and other alkaloids in the psychotropic plant "kratom" (Mitragyna speciosa) by LC-ESI-MS". Forensic Toxicology. 27 (2): 67–74. doi:10.1007/s11419-009-0070-5. ISSN 1860-8973. S2CID 25610332.
Singh, Darshan; Narayanan, Suresh; Vicknasingam, Balasingam (September 2016). "Traditional and non-traditional uses of Mitragynine (Kratom): A survey of the literature". Brain Research Bulletin. 126 (Pt 1): 41–46. doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.05.004. PMID 27178014. S2CID 3952688.
M J Brownstein (June 15, 1993). "A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides, and opioid receptors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (12): 5391–5393. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.5391B. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5391. PMC 46725. PMID 8390660.
E. Guerra Doce (January 1, 2006). "Evidencias del consumo de drogas en Europa durante la Prehistoria". Trastornos Adictivos (in Spanish). 8 (1): 53–61. doi:10.1016/S1575-0973(06)75106-6. Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved May 10, 2007. (includes image)
Ratsch, Angela; Mason, Andrea; Rive, Linda; Bogossian, Fiona; Steadman, Kathryn (2017). "The Pituri Learning Circle: Central Australian Aboriginal women's knowledge and practices around the use of Nicotiana SPP. As a chewing tobacco". Rural and Remote Health. 17 (3): 4044. doi:10.22605/RRH4044. PMID 28780876.
Sharma, Nitasha; Rickly, Jillian (2019-11-02). "'The smell of death and the smell of life': authenticity, anxiety and perceptions of death at Varanasi's cremation grounds". Journal of Heritage Tourism. 14 (5–6): 466–477. doi:10.1080/1743873X.2019.1610411. S2CID 164957487.
Carod-Artal, F.J. (2015). "Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures". Neurología (English Edition). 30 (1): 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2011.07.010. PMID 21893367.
French L (2008). "Psychoactive agents and Native American spirituality: Past and present". Contemporary Justice Review. 11 (2): 155–63. doi:10.1080/10282580802058270. S2CID 143549807.
Borras, Laurence; Khazaal, Yasser; Khan, Riaz; Mohr, Sylvia; Kaufmann, Yves-Alexandre; Zullino, Daniele; Huguelet, Philippe (1 December 2010). "The relationship between addiction and religion and its possible implication for care". Substance Use & Misuse. 45 (14): 2357–2410. doi:10.3109/10826081003747611. PMC 4137975. PMID 21039108.
Soileau, Mark (August 2012). "Spreading the Sofra: Sharing and Partaking in the Bektashi Ritual Meal". History of Religions. 52 (1): 1–30. doi:10.1086/665961. JSTOR 10.1086/665961. Retrieved June 5, 2021.
Jenkins, Amanda J.; Llosa, Teobaldo; Montoya, Ivan; Cone, Edward J. (9 February 1996). "Identification and quantitation of alkaloids in coca tea". Forensic Science International. 77 (3): 179–189. doi:10.1016/0379-0738(95)01860-3. ISSN 0379-0738. PMC 2705900. PMID 8819993.
Biondich, Amy Sue; Joslin, Jeremy David (2016). "Coca: The History and Medical Significance of an Ancient Andean Tradition". Emergency Medicine International. 2016: 4048764. doi:10.1155/2016/4048764. ISSN 2090-2840. PMC 4838786. PMID 27144028.
Biwer, Matthew E.; Álvarez, Willy Yépez; Bautista, Stefanie L.; Jennings, Justin (February 2022). "Hallucinogens, alcohol and shifting leadership strategies in the ancient Peruvian Andes". Antiquity. 96 (385): 142–158. doi:10.15184/aqy.2021.177. S2CID 246999684.
Erspamer V, Melchiorri P, Falconieri-Erspamer G, et al. (July 1989). "Deltorphins: a family of naturally occurring peptides with high affinity and selectivity for delta opioid binding sites". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (13): 5188–92. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.5188E. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.13.5188. PMC 297583. PMID 2544892.
Melchiorri P, Negri L (1996). "The dermorphin peptide family". General Pharmacology: The Vascular System. 27 (7): 1099–1107. doi:10.1016/0306-3623(95)02149-3. PMID 8981054.
Amiche, M.; Delfour, A.; Nicolas, P. (1998). "Opioid peptides from frog skin". In Pierre Jolles (ed.). d-Amino Acids in Sequences of Secreted Peptides of Multicellular Organisms. Experientia Supplementum (EXS). Vol. 85. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser Basel. pp. 57–71. doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8837-0_4 (inactive 1 July 2025). ISBN 978-3-0348-9794-5. ISSN 1664-431X. PMID 9949868.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link) Link to Springer (publisher) page for Experientia Supplementum (EXS) series
Leban, V; Kozelk, G; Brvar, M (2016). "The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion after giant leaf frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) venom exposure". Toxicon. 120: 107–109. Bibcode:2016Txcn..120..107L. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.07.007. PMID 27421671.
Gigliarelli, G; Becerra, JX; Curini, M; Marcotullio, MC (12 December 2015). "Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Fragrant Mexican Copal (Bursera spp.)". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 20 (12): 22383–94. doi:10.3390/molecules201219849. PMC 6332072. PMID 26703535.

doyma.es

db.doyma.es

E. Guerra Doce (January 1, 2006). "Evidencias del consumo de drogas en Europa durante la Prehistoria". Trastornos Adictivos (in Spanish). 8 (1): 53–61. doi:10.1016/S1575-0973(06)75106-6. Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. Retrieved May 10, 2007. (includes image)

elca.org

"Responding to Opportunities for 'Interim Eucharistic Sharing'" (PDF). Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-02-14. Retrieved 2007-02-24. While many Lutheran congregations also provide grape juice or unfermented wine as an alternative, Lutherans have more emphasized the historical and ecumenical continuities which wine provides, as well as the richness and multivalences of its symbolic associations.

elsevier.es

Carod-Artal, FJ (2015). "Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures". Neurologia. 30 (1): 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2011.07.003. PMID 21893367.

entheology.com

Cleversley, Keith (January 2002). "Peganum harmala - Syrian Rue". Entheology.com.

entheology.org

"Entheology.org - Preserving Ancient Knowledge". www.entheology.org. Archived from the original on 2006-05-02. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
Ott, Jonathan (2001). "Pharmañopo-psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 33 (3): 273–281. doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400574. PMID 11718320. S2CID 5877023. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
"Papaver somniferum - Opium Poppy". Entheology.org - Preserving Ancient Knowledge. n.d.

erowid.org

"Erowid Online Books: "TIHKAL" - #25 IBOGAINE". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
Ott, Jonathan (2001). Shamanic Snuffs or Enthogenic Errhines. EthnoBotanica. p. 90. ISBN 1-888755-02-4.
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Ubulawu Nomathotholo Pack Photo by Erowid. © 2002 Erowid.org
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Paul L. Schiff, Jr. (2002). "Opium and its alkaloids". American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. Archived from the original on October 21, 2007. Retrieved May 8, 2007.

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"Ololiuqui (Rivea corymbosa)". Giftpflanzen Compendium (in German). [Poisonous Plants Compendium]. Retrieved 2008-04-18.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Valdés, Leander J. III; Díaz, JoséLuis; Paul, Ara G. (December 2002). "Ethnopharmacology of ska María Pastora (Salvia divinorum, Epling AND Játiva-M.)". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 83 (3): 287–312. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(83)90004-1. hdl:2027.42/25229. PMID 6876852.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

M J Brownstein (June 15, 1993). "A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides, and opioid receptors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (12): 5391–5393. Bibcode:1993PNAS...90.5391B. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5391. PMC 46725. PMID 8390660.
Erspamer V, Melchiorri P, Falconieri-Erspamer G, et al. (July 1989). "Deltorphins: a family of naturally occurring peptides with high affinity and selectivity for delta opioid binding sites". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 86 (13): 5188–92. Bibcode:1989PNAS...86.5188E. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.13.5188. PMC 297583. PMID 2544892.
Leban, V; Kozelk, G; Brvar, M (2016). "The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion after giant leaf frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) venom exposure". Toxicon. 120: 107–109. Bibcode:2016Txcn..120..107L. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.07.007. PMID 27421671.

iakp.org

"About Kambo". International Association of Kambo Practitioners. Archived from the original on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2020-02-13.

jstor.org

Soileau, Mark (August 2012). "Spreading the Sofra: Sharing and Partaking in the Bektashi Ritual Meal". History of Religions. 52 (1): 1–30. doi:10.1086/665961. JSTOR 10.1086/665961. Retrieved June 5, 2021.

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wol.jw.org

"Maintain a Balanced View Of Alcohol". Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. 2004. Retrieved 2012-11-24.

lcms.org

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maps.org

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nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Callaway, JC; Brito, GS; Neves, ES (2005). "Phytochemical analyses of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 37 (2): 145–150. doi:10.1080/02791072.2005.10399795. PMID 16149327. S2CID 30736017.
Moretti C, Gaillard Y, Grenand P, Bévalot F, Prévosto JM (June 2006). "Identification of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (bufotenine) in takini (Brosimumacutifolium Huber subsp. acutifolium C.C. Berg, Moraceae), a shamanic potion used in the Guiana Plateau". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 106 (2): 198–202. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.022. PMID 16455218.
Chao JM, Der Marderosian AH (1973). "Ergoline alkaloidal constituents of Hawaiian baby wood rose, Argyreia nervosa (Burmf) Bojer". J. Pharm. Sci. 62 (4): 588–591. doi:10.1002/jps.2600620409. PMID 4698977.
Jansen, Suze A.; Kleerekooper, Iris; Hofman, Zonne L. M.; Kappen, Isabelle F. P. M.; Stary-Weinzinger, Anna; van der Heyden, Marcel A. G. (September 2012). "Grayanotoxin Poisoning: 'Mad Honey Disease' and Beyond". Cardiovascular Toxicology. 12 (3): 208–215. doi:10.1007/s12012-012-9162-2. PMC 3404272. PMID 22528814.
Carod-Artal, FJ (2015). "Hallucinogenic drugs in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures". Neurologia. 30 (1): 42–49. doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2011.07.003. PMID 21893367.
Agurell, S; Holmstedt, B; Lindgren, JE; Schultes, RE (1969). "Alkaloids in certain species of Virola and other South American plants of ethnopharmacologic interest". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 23 (3): 903–16. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.23-0903. PMID 5806312.
Valdés, Leander J. III; Díaz, JoséLuis; Paul, Ara G. (December 2002). "Ethnopharmacology of ska María Pastora (Salvia divinorum, Epling AND Játiva-M.)". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 83 (3): 287–312. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(83)90004-1. hdl:2027.42/25229. PMID 6876852.
Ott, Jonathan (2001). "Pharmañopo-psychonautics: Human intranasal, sublingual, intrarectal, pulmonary and oral pharmacology of bufotenine". Journal of Psychoactive Drugs. 33 (3): 273–281. doi:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400574. PMID 11718320. S2CID 5877023. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2020-02-13.
Brandt, Simon D.; Kavanagh, Pierce V.; Westphal, Folker; Stratford, Alexander; Odland, Anna U.; Klein, Adam K.; Dowling, Geraldine; Dempster, Nicola M.; Wallach, Jason; Passie, Torsten; Halberstadt, Adam L. (2020). "Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-cyclopropanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP-LSD)". Drug Testing and Analysis. 12 (6): 812–826. doi:10.1002/dta.2789. ISSN 1942-7611. PMC 9191646. PMID 32180350. S2CID 212738912.
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