List of volcanic eruptions in Iceland (English Wikipedia)

Andrew, Ruth E. B. Volcanotectonic Evolution and Characteristic Volcanism of the Neovolcanic Zone of Iceland (PDF) (Thesis). Universität zu Göttingen. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-09. Retrieved 2011-05-24. Figure 2.8 shows 7 volcanoes beneath the glacier

destimap.com

Krafla Visitor Centre, Myvatn Fires, Krafla Fires

doi.org

Schleicher, N.; Kramar, U.; Dietze, V.; Kaminski, U.; Norra, S. (2012). "Geochemical characterization of single atmospheric particles from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption event collected at ground-based sampling sites in Germany". Atmospheric Environment. 48: 113. Bibcode:2012AtmEn..48..113S. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.034.
Thordarson, T.; Larsen, G. (2007). "Increasing signs of activity at Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland: Eruptions". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.454.7455. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005. Archived from the original on 2010-04-19.
Gudmundsson, Magnús T.; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn; Björnsson, Helgi; Högnadóttir, Thórdís (2004). "The 1996 eruption at Gjálp, Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland: efficiency of heat transfer, ice deformation and subglacial water pressure". Bulletin of Volcanology. 66 (1): 46–65. Bibcode:2004BVol...66...46G. doi:10.1007/s00445-003-0295-9.
G. L. Johnson; J. R. Southall; P. W. Young; P. R. Vogt (10 October 1972). "Origin and structure of the Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge". Journal of Geophysical Research. 77 (29): 5688–5696. Bibcode:1972JGR....77.5688J. doi:10.1029/JB077I029P05688. ISSN 0148-0227. Wikidata Q97487827.
Thordarson, Thorvaldur (January 2008). "Postglacial volcanism in Iceland" (PDF). Jökull. 58: 197–228. doi:10.33799/jokull2008.58.197. S2CID 53446884.
Flowers, Gwenn E.; Björnsson, Helgi; Geirsdóttir, Áslaug; Miller, Gifford H.; Clarke, Garry K.C. (2007). "Glacier fluctuation and inferred climatology of Langjökull ice cap through the Little Ice Age". Quaternary Science Reviews. 26 (19–21): 2337–2353. Bibcode:2007QSRv...26.2337F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.2710. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.07.016.
Kahl, M; Bali, E.; Guðfinnsson, G.H.; Neave, D.A.; Ubide, T.; van der Meer, Q.H.A.; Matthews, S. (2021). "Conditions and Dynamics of Magma Storage in the Snæfellsnes Volcanic Zone, Western Iceland: Insights from the Búðahraun and Berserkjahraun Eruptions". Journal of Petrology. 62 (9). doi:10.1093/petrology/egab054.
Andrew, Ruth E. B. (20 November 2008). "Elsevier". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Volcanic Flows and Falls. 177 (4): 1045–1054. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.07.025.
Einarsson, P. (1991). "Earthquakes and present-day tectonism in Iceland". Tectonophysics. 189 (1–4): 261–279. Bibcode:1991Tectp.189..261E. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(91)90501-I.
Ward, P. L. (1971). "New Interpretation of the Geology of Iceland". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 82 (11): 2991–3012. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[2991:NIOTGO]2.0.CO;2.
Müller, R. Dietmar; Royer, Jean-Yves; Lawver, Lawrence A. (1993-03-01). "Revised plate motions relative to the hotspots from combined Atlantic and Indian Ocean hotspot tracks". Geology. 21 (3): 275. Bibcode:1993Geo....21..275D. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0275:rpmrtt>2.3.co;2. ISSN 0091-7613.
Grönvold, K.; Oskarsson N.; Johnsen S.J.; Clausen H.B.; Hammer C.U.; Bond G.; Bard E. (1995). "Ash layers from Iceland in the Greenland GRIP ice core correlated with oceanic and land sediments". Earth Planet Sci Lett. 135 (1–4): 149–155. Bibcode:1995E&PSL.135..149G. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00145-3.
Housley, R. A.; Lane, C. S.; Cullen, V. L.; Weber, M. -J.; Riede, F.; Gamble, C. S.; Brock, F. (2012-03-01). "Icelandic volcanic ash from the Late-glacial open-air archaeological site of Ahrenshöft LA 58 D, North Germany". Journal of Archaeological Science. 39 (3): 708–716. Bibcode:2012JArSc..39..708H. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.11.003.
Baillie, Mike (1989). "Hekla 3: how big was it?". Endeavour. New Series. 13 (2): 78–81. doi:10.1016/0160-9327(89)90006-9.
Baker, Andy; et al. (1995). "The Hekla 3 volcanic eruption recorded in a Scottish speleothem?". The Holocene. 5 (3): 336–342. Bibcode:1995Holoc...5..336B. doi:10.1177/095968369500500309. S2CID 130396931.
Eríksson, Jón; et al. (2000). "Chronology of late Holocene climatic events in the northern North Atlantic based on AMS ¹⁴C dates and tephra markers from the volcano Hekla, Iceland". Journal of Quaternary Science. 15 (6): 573–580. Bibcode:2000JQS....15..573E. doi:10.1002/1099-1417(200009)15:6<573::AID-JQS554>3.0.CO;2-A. Archived from the original on 2012-12-17.
Plunkett, Gill; Sigl, Michael; Pilcher, Jonathan R.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Chellman, Nathan; Steffensen, J.P.; Büntgen, Ulf (2020-06-08). "Smoking guns and volcanic ash: the importance of sparse tephras in Greenland ice cores". Polar Research. 39. doi:10.33265/polar.v39.3511. ISSN 0800-0395. S2CID 219672090.
Gabriel, I.; Plunkett, G.; Abbott, P.M.; Behrens, M.; Burke, A.; Chellman, N.; Cook, E.; Fleitmann, D.; Hörhold, M.; Hutchison, W.; McConnell, J.R. (2024). "Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period". Communications Earth & Environment. 5 (1): 194. Bibcode:2024ComEE...5..194G. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6. hdl:10023/29795.
Büntgen, U.; Eggertsson, Ó.; Wacker, L.; Sigl, M.; Ljungqvist, F.C.; Di Cosmo, N.; Plunkett; Krusic, P.J.; Newfield, T.P.; Esper, J.; Lane, C. (2017). "Multi-proxy dating of Iceland's major pre-settlement Katla eruption to 822–823 CE". Geology. 45 (9): 783–786. Bibcode:2017Geo....45..783B. doi:10.1130/G39269.1.
Oppenheime, Clive; et al. (19 March 2018). "The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland". Climatic Change. 147 (3–4): 369–381. Bibcode:2018ClCh..147..369O. doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9. PMC 6560931. PMID 31258223.
Th. Thordarson; S. Self (May 1993). "The Laki (Skaftár Fires) and Grímsvötn eruptions in 1783–1785". Bulletin of Volcanology (abstract). 55 (4): 233–63. Bibcode:1993BVol...55..233T. doi:10.1007/BF00624353. S2CID 128734995.
Thorarinsson, S.; Steinthorsson, S.; Einarsson, T.; Kristmannsdottir, H.; Oskarsson, N. (1973-02-09). "The eruption on Heimaey, Iceland". Nature. 241 (5389): 372–375. Bibcode:1973Natur.241..372T. doi:10.1038/241372a0. S2CID 4163208.
Jenness, Maria H.; Clifton, Amy E. (September 2009). "Controls on the geometry of a Holocene crater row: a field study from southwest Iceland". Bulletin of Volcanology. 71 (7): 715–728. Bibcode:2009BVol...71..715J. doi:10.1007/s00445-009-0267-9. S2CID 128405263.
T. Gudmundsson; Thórdís Högnadóttir (January 2007). "Volcanic systems and calderas in the Vatnajökull region, central Iceland: Constraints on crustal structure from gravity data". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 153–169. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..153G. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.015.
T. Thordarson; G. Larsen (January 2007). "Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005.

economist.com

"The Summer of acid rain". The Economist. December 19, 2007. Retrieved October 21, 2012.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Andrew, Ruth E. B. (20 November 2008). "Elsevier". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. Volcanic Flows and Falls. 177 (4): 1045–1054. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.07.025.

extremeiceland.is

"Eruptions in Iceland during the 20th and the 21st centuries". Archived from the original on 2012-12-21. Retrieved 2011-05-24. Eruptions in Iceland since 1900

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france24.com

""Small" volcanic eruption in Iceland lights up night sky near Reykjavik". France 24. 20 March 2021. Archived from the original on 20 March 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2021.

grapevine.is

Fontaine, Andie Sophia (28 April 2021). "VIDEO: Kolbeinsey, Iceland's Northernmost Island, Is Hanging In There". The Reykjavík Grapevine. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
Reykjavík Grapevine June 4 2021, The Message In The Magma: The Geldingadalir Eruption Site Is Growing—What Have We Learned? By Hannah Jane Cohen

guidetoiceland.is

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Guide to Iceland - Information about Trölladyngja, Retrieved Apr. 23, 2019.

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STATISTICS ICELAND: Population by locality, age and sex 1 January 2011–2018^{[permanent dead link]}, Px.hagstofa.is, accessed 18 January 2019

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Gabriel, I.; Plunkett, G.; Abbott, P.M.; Behrens, M.; Burke, A.; Chellman, N.; Cook, E.; Fleitmann, D.; Hörhold, M.; Hutchison, W.; McConnell, J.R. (2024). "Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period". Communications Earth & Environment. 5 (1): 194. Bibcode:2024ComEE...5..194G. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6. hdl:10023/29795.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Schleicher, N.; Kramar, U.; Dietze, V.; Kaminski, U.; Norra, S. (2012). "Geochemical characterization of single atmospheric particles from the Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption event collected at ground-based sampling sites in Germany". Atmospheric Environment. 48: 113. Bibcode:2012AtmEn..48..113S. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.034.
Thordarson, T.; Larsen, G. (2007). "Increasing signs of activity at Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland: Eruptions". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.454.7455. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005. Archived from the original on 2010-04-19.
Gudmundsson, Magnús T.; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn; Björnsson, Helgi; Högnadóttir, Thórdís (2004). "The 1996 eruption at Gjálp, Vatnajökull ice cap, Iceland: efficiency of heat transfer, ice deformation and subglacial water pressure". Bulletin of Volcanology. 66 (1): 46–65. Bibcode:2004BVol...66...46G. doi:10.1007/s00445-003-0295-9.
G. L. Johnson; J. R. Southall; P. W. Young; P. R. Vogt (10 October 1972). "Origin and structure of the Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge". Journal of Geophysical Research. 77 (29): 5688–5696. Bibcode:1972JGR....77.5688J. doi:10.1029/JB077I029P05688. ISSN 0148-0227. Wikidata Q97487827.
Flowers, Gwenn E.; Björnsson, Helgi; Geirsdóttir, Áslaug; Miller, Gifford H.; Clarke, Garry K.C. (2007). "Glacier fluctuation and inferred climatology of Langjökull ice cap through the Little Ice Age". Quaternary Science Reviews. 26 (19–21): 2337–2353. Bibcode:2007QSRv...26.2337F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.2710. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.07.016.
Einarsson, P. (1991). "Earthquakes and present-day tectonism in Iceland". Tectonophysics. 189 (1–4): 261–279. Bibcode:1991Tectp.189..261E. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(91)90501-I.
Müller, R. Dietmar; Royer, Jean-Yves; Lawver, Lawrence A. (1993-03-01). "Revised plate motions relative to the hotspots from combined Atlantic and Indian Ocean hotspot tracks". Geology. 21 (3): 275. Bibcode:1993Geo....21..275D. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0275:rpmrtt>2.3.co;2. ISSN 0091-7613.
Grönvold, K.; Oskarsson N.; Johnsen S.J.; Clausen H.B.; Hammer C.U.; Bond G.; Bard E. (1995). "Ash layers from Iceland in the Greenland GRIP ice core correlated with oceanic and land sediments". Earth Planet Sci Lett. 135 (1–4): 149–155. Bibcode:1995E&PSL.135..149G. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00145-3.
Housley, R. A.; Lane, C. S.; Cullen, V. L.; Weber, M. -J.; Riede, F.; Gamble, C. S.; Brock, F. (2012-03-01). "Icelandic volcanic ash from the Late-glacial open-air archaeological site of Ahrenshöft LA 58 D, North Germany". Journal of Archaeological Science. 39 (3): 708–716. Bibcode:2012JArSc..39..708H. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.11.003.
Baker, Andy; et al. (1995). "The Hekla 3 volcanic eruption recorded in a Scottish speleothem?". The Holocene. 5 (3): 336–342. Bibcode:1995Holoc...5..336B. doi:10.1177/095968369500500309. S2CID 130396931.
Eríksson, Jón; et al. (2000). "Chronology of late Holocene climatic events in the northern North Atlantic based on AMS ¹⁴C dates and tephra markers from the volcano Hekla, Iceland". Journal of Quaternary Science. 15 (6): 573–580. Bibcode:2000JQS....15..573E. doi:10.1002/1099-1417(200009)15:6<573::AID-JQS554>3.0.CO;2-A. Archived from the original on 2012-12-17.
Abbott, D. H.; Biscaye, P.; Cole-Dai, J.; Breger, D. (December 2008). "Magnetite and Silicate Spherules from the GISP2 Core at the 536 A.D. Horizon". AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008. Vol. 41. pp. 41B–1454. Bibcode:2008AGUFMPP41B1454A. Abstract #PP41B-1454.
Gabriel, I.; Plunkett, G.; Abbott, P.M.; Behrens, M.; Burke, A.; Chellman, N.; Cook, E.; Fleitmann, D.; Hörhold, M.; Hutchison, W.; McConnell, J.R. (2024). "Decadal-to-centennial increases of volcanic aerosols from Iceland challenge the concept of a Medieval Quiet Period". Communications Earth & Environment. 5 (1): 194. Bibcode:2024ComEE...5..194G. doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01350-6. hdl:10023/29795.
Büntgen, U.; Eggertsson, Ó.; Wacker, L.; Sigl, M.; Ljungqvist, F.C.; Di Cosmo, N.; Plunkett; Krusic, P.J.; Newfield, T.P.; Esper, J.; Lane, C. (2017). "Multi-proxy dating of Iceland's major pre-settlement Katla eruption to 822–823 CE". Geology. 45 (9): 783–786. Bibcode:2017Geo....45..783B. doi:10.1130/G39269.1.
Oppenheime, Clive; et al. (19 March 2018). "The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland". Climatic Change. 147 (3–4): 369–381. Bibcode:2018ClCh..147..369O. doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9. PMC 6560931. PMID 31258223.
Th. Thordarson; S. Self (May 1993). "The Laki (Skaftár Fires) and Grímsvötn eruptions in 1783–1785". Bulletin of Volcanology (abstract). 55 (4): 233–63. Bibcode:1993BVol...55..233T. doi:10.1007/BF00624353. S2CID 128734995.
Thorarinsson, S.; Steinthorsson, S.; Einarsson, T.; Kristmannsdottir, H.; Oskarsson, N. (1973-02-09). "The eruption on Heimaey, Iceland". Nature. 241 (5389): 372–375. Bibcode:1973Natur.241..372T. doi:10.1038/241372a0. S2CID 4163208.
Jenness, Maria H.; Clifton, Amy E. (September 2009). "Controls on the geometry of a Holocene crater row: a field study from southwest Iceland". Bulletin of Volcanology. 71 (7): 715–728. Bibcode:2009BVol...71..715J. doi:10.1007/s00445-009-0267-9. S2CID 128405263.
T. Gudmundsson; Thórdís Högnadóttir (January 2007). "Volcanic systems and calderas in the Vatnajökull region, central Iceland: Constraints on crustal structure from gravity data". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 153–169. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..153G. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.015.
T. Thordarson; G. Larsen (January 2007). "Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005.

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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Oppenheime, Clive; et al. (19 March 2018). "The Eldgjá eruption: timing, long-range impacts and influence on the Christianisation of Iceland". Climatic Change. 147 (3–4): 369–381. Bibcode:2018ClCh..147..369O. doi:10.1007/s10584-018-2171-9. PMC 6560931. PMID 31258223.

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Thordarson, T.; Larsen, G. (2007). "Increasing signs of activity at Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland: Eruptions". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.454.7455. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005. Archived from the original on 2010-04-19.
Flowers, Gwenn E.; Björnsson, Helgi; Geirsdóttir, Áslaug; Miller, Gifford H.; Clarke, Garry K.C. (2007). "Glacier fluctuation and inferred climatology of Langjökull ice cap through the Little Ice Age". Quaternary Science Reviews. 26 (19–21): 2337–2353. Bibcode:2007QSRv...26.2337F. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.2710. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.07.016.

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