Litter in New Zealand (English Wikipedia)

"Ban on plastic bags from 1 July 2019". Ban on plastic bags from 1 July 2019. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.

doc.govt.nz

Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government. "Threats facing our oceans- Pollution and microplastics". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government. "Threats caused by people". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government (26 January 2021). "Rubbish dumping taints sacred Tainui site". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government (15 May 2011). "New freedom camping laws announced". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.

blog.doc.govt.nz

Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government (15 January 2019). "Hide your snacks: Litter and our birds | Conservation blog". blog.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2021.

doi.org

Patel, Vimal; W Thomson, George (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 59–62. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Patel, Vimal; Thomson, George W (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 60. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Venugopal, P. Dilip; Hanna, Shannon K.; Gagliano, Gregory G.; Chang, Hoshing W. (January 2021). "No Butts on the Beach: Aquatic Toxicity of Cigarette Butt Leachate Chemicals". Tobacco Regulatory Science Group. 7 (1): 17–30. doi:10.18001/TRS.7.1.2. PMC 7849351. PMID 33532516.

earthday.org

"Tiny but deadly: Cigarette butts are the most commonly polluted plastic". Earth Day. 28 August 2020. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.

environment.govt.nz

Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our activities on land are polluting our marine environment- Litter on our beaches". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our marine environment at a glance". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Litter and plastic debris is pervasive". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. p. 29. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our activities on land are polluting our marine environment- Ingesting plastics has many effects on marine animals". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Stats NZ. p. 31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand Government (2020). "Problems with single-use plastic items". Reducing the impact of plastic on our environment-moving away from hard-to-recycle and single-use items (PDF). Wellington: Ministry for the Environment. pp. 18–19. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand Government (2020). "Government response". Rethinking Plastics in Aotearoa New Zealand- Government response to the Rethinking Plastics report (PDF). Wellington: New Zealand Government. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand Government (2021). National Plastics Action Plan for Aotearoa New Zealand (PDF). Wellington: New Zealand Government. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand Government (2021). "Our future plastics system". National Plastics Action Plan for Aotearoa New Zealand (PDF). Wellington: New Zealand Government. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, New Zealand Government (2021). "Transforming our waste system". National Plastics Action Plan for Aotearoa New Zealand (PDF). Wellington: New Zealand Government. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
"Proposed mandatory phase out of single-use plastic shopping bags: Consultation document". Ministry for the Environment. 1 August 2018. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
"New Zealand Plastic bag ban". Ministry for the Environment. 1 July 2019. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.

forestandbird.org.nz

Forest & Bird (2 July 2018). "NZ seas worst in world for seabirds eating plastic | Forest and Bird". www.forestandbird.org.nz. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.

health.govt.nz

"Annual Update of Key Results 2020/21: New Zealand Health Survey". Ministry of Health NZ. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
"History of Smokefree Aotearoa 2025". Ministry of Health NZ. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

jstor.org

Patel, Vimal; W Thomson, George (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 59–62. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Patel, Vimal; Thomson, George W (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 60. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.

knzb.org.nz

"Overview". National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 17. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). Litter Behaviour Study Report (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 1. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Introduction". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 7. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Methodology". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary. Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 11. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Executive Summary". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 6. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Methodology". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 8. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Methodology- 2.1 Observational Approach". National Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 8. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Methodology- 2.3 New Zealand Fieldwork". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 10. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results- 3.1 National DBI". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary. Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 11. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Methodology- 2.2 Disposal Behaviour Index". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 9. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results- 3.4 Litter rate". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 16. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results- 3.9 Attitudes and disposal behaviour". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 25. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. pp. 6, 26. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results- 3.13 Demographics". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 31. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Executive Summary". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 6. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
"National Litter Audit 2019". Keep New Zealand Beautiful. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
"Background and Content". The National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. pp. 23–29. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Comparisons by site types". The National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 27. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Main material Characteristics". National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 32. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
"The Dirty Dozen". National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 37. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
"The Dirty Dozen". National Litter Audit (PDF). Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 39. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
"The Dirty Dozen". National litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 41. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 30. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Results". Litter Behaviour Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 17. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "binned versus littered". National Litter Behaviour Research (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
"Our story". Keep New Zealand Beautiful. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
"Our story". Keep New Zealand Beautiful. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
"Programmes". Keep New Zealand Beautiful. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
"Keep New Zealand Beautiful launches one-stop online litter platform". Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 19 June 2018. Archived from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.

legislation.govt.nz

"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 2 Interpretation" (PDF). www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 4 Responsibility for promotion of litter control". www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Litter Control Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Other Litter Control Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Powers and duties of Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Wardens". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 2021. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Receptacles to be provided in public places". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 11 Local or public authority may make grants, etc, for the abatement or prevention of litter". www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Public authorities may make bylaws". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Amendment Act 2006". New Zealand Legisation. 27 June 2006. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 15 Deposit of litter in public place or on private land". www.legislation.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 15 Deposit of litter in public place or on private land". www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.

litter.org.nz

Yates, Sunshine (2018). "3.12 Self-awareness and frankness about littering". National Litter Behaviour Research (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. pp. 29–30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "3.7- Littered versus binned". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

newshub.co.nz

Newshub (2 July 2018). "NZ oceans world's worst for birds eating plastic". Newshub. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
"#Buttgate: Wellington council official apologises for slamming cigarette bylaw". Newshub. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Patel, Vimal; W Thomson, George (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 59–62. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Patel, Vimal; Thomson, George W (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 60. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Venugopal, P. Dilip; Hanna, Shannon K.; Gagliano, Gregory G.; Chang, Hoshing W. (January 2021). "No Butts on the Beach: Aquatic Toxicity of Cigarette Butt Leachate Chemicals". Tobacco Regulatory Science Group. 7 (1): 17–30. doi:10.18001/TRS.7.1.2. PMC 7849351. PMID 33532516.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Venugopal, P. Dilip; Hanna, Shannon K.; Gagliano, Gregory G.; Chang, Hoshing W. (January 2021). "No Butts on the Beach: Aquatic Toxicity of Cigarette Butt Leachate Chemicals". Tobacco Regulatory Science Group. 7 (1): 17–30. doi:10.18001/TRS.7.1.2. PMC 7849351. PMID 33532516.

nzherald.co.nz

NZ Herald (20 July 2018). "How plastic threatens NZ seabirds". NZ Herald. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
"Wellington councillors divided over fines for dropping cigarette butts". NZ Herald. 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
"Wellington councillors divided over fines for dropping cigarette butts". NZ Herald. 5 October 2017. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Cigarette butt bylaw scrapped by Wellington City Council". NZ Herald. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

pmcsa.ac.nz

JonoB. "Litter intelligence". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
"Plastics and the environment". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. 2019. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
"Plastics and the environment". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
JonoB (6 November 2019). "Reducing cigarette butt litter". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
JonoB (6 November 2019). "Reducing cigarette butt litter". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

rnz.co.nz

Zaki, Anan (3 September 2019). "Over 10 billion cigarette butts pollute country's ecosystem". RNZ. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.

royalsociety.org.nz

Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "The marine environment: plastics final destination?". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society Te Apārangi. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society Te Apārangi. 2019. p. 19. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "Toxic chemicals associated with plastics and absorbed pollutants". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. pp. 32–33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "How plastics affect human and animal health, and the environment". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. pp. 31–32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "Ingestion of plastics by animals". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. p. 31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.

scoop.co.nz

"Keep NZ Beautiful Announces National Litter Audit Results". Scoop. 3 September 2019. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Patel, Vimal; W Thomson, George (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 59–62. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.
Patel, Vimal; Thomson, George W (January 2013). "Cigarette butt littering in city streets: a new methodology for studying and results". Tobacco Control. 22 (1). BMJ: 60. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050529. JSTOR 43289299. PMID 22821749. S2CID 28270886. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021 – via JSTOR.

smartchristchurch.org.nz

"Smart Bins". Smart Christchurch – Share. Connect. Innovate. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

stats.govt.nz

Statistics New Zealand (17 October 2019). "New Zealand marine report warns of effects of climate change and other issues on oceans and coasts | Stats NZ". www.stats.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
"Tracking beach litter thanks to citizen scientists | Stats NZ". www.stats.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.

stuff.co.nz

Woolf, Amber-Leigh (28 September 2018). "Litter by Little: 'Do the right thing' mantra seems to have died". Stuff. Archived from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
Woolf, Amber-Leigh (10 September 2019). "'No Butts' campaign launched to combat our most common litter – cigarette butts". Stuff. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Devlin, Collette (5 October 2017). "Wellington City Council votes for a bylaw it knows it can't enforce". Stuff. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Are Christchurch's new smart bins really that smart?". Stuff. 18 November 2021. Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.

sustainablecoastlines.org

"Litter Intelligence". Sustainable Coastlines. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
"Welcome to Sustainable Coastlines". Sustainable Coastlines. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.

teara.govt.nz

Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Seabird capital of the world". teara.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.

thecommonwealth.org

bluecharter.thecommonwealth.org

"Case Study: Litter Intelligence Programme, New Zealand (on-going) – Commonwealth Bluecharter". bluecharter.thecommonwealth.org. Archived from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.

tobaccofreelife.org

"Smoking and the Environment – How Smoking Harms the Planet". Tobacco-Free Life. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2022.

unisanuk.com

"How does litter harm the environment?". Unisan UK. 19 June 2020. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.

web.archive.org

Woolf, Amber-Leigh (28 September 2018). "Litter by Little: 'Do the right thing' mantra seems to have died". Stuff. Archived from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
Zaki, Anan (3 September 2019). "Over 10 billion cigarette butts pollute country's ecosystem". RNZ. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
"How does litter harm the environment?". Unisan UK. 19 June 2020. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
"Overview". National Litter Audit (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. 2019. p. 17. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
JonoB. "Litter intelligence". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "The marine environment: plastics final destination?". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society Te Apārangi. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society Te Apārangi. 2019. p. 19. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our activities on land are polluting our marine environment- Litter on our beaches". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. p. 30. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our marine environment at a glance". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Statistics New Zealand (17 October 2019). "New Zealand marine report warns of effects of climate change and other issues on oceans and coasts | Stats NZ". www.stats.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 1 January 2022. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Litter and plastic debris is pervasive". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Wellington: Stats NZ. p. 29. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Ministry for the Environment, Stats NZ (2019). "Our activities on land are polluting our marine environment- Ingesting plastics has many effects on marine animals". New Zealand's Environmental Reporting Series: Our marine environment 2019 (PDF). Stats NZ. p. 31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government. "Threats facing our oceans- Pollution and microplastics". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "Toxic chemicals associated with plastics and absorbed pollutants". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. pp. 32–33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "How plastics affect human and animal health, and the environment". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. pp. 31–32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government. "Threats caused by people". www.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
Royal Society New Zealand (2019). "Ingestion of plastics by animals". Plastics in the Environment (PDF). Wellington: Royal Society NZ. p. 31. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 24 December 2021.
"Plastics and the environment". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. 2019. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "Seabird capital of the world". teara.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
NZ Herald (20 July 2018). "How plastic threatens NZ seabirds". NZ Herald. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
"Plastics and the environment". Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor. Archived from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Forest & Bird (2 July 2018). "NZ seas worst in world for seabirds eating plastic | Forest and Bird". www.forestandbird.org.nz. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
Newshub (2 July 2018). "NZ oceans world's worst for birds eating plastic". Newshub. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
Department of Conservation, New Zealand Government (15 January 2019). "Hide your snacks: Litter and our birds | Conservation blog". blog.doc.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 15 January 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 2 Interpretation" (PDF). www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 4 Responsibility for promotion of litter control". www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Litter Control Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Other Litter Control Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Powers and duties of Officers". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Wardens". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 2021. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Receptacles to be provided in public places". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 11 Local or public authority may make grants, etc, for the abatement or prevention of litter". www.legislation.govt.nz. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2021.
"Public authorities may make bylaws". New Zealand Legislation. Parliamentary Counsel Office, New Zealand Government. 2 November 1979. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
"Litter Amendment Act 2006". New Zealand Legisation. 27 June 2006. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
"Litter Act 1979 No 41 (as at 28 October 2021), Public Act 15 Deposit of litter in public place or on private land". www.legislation.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). Litter Behaviour Study Report (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 1. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
Sunshine Yates Consulting (2018). "Introduction". Litter Behaviour Study Executive Summary (PDF). Auckland: Keep New Zealand Beautiful. p. 7. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
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