Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Logan County, Kansas" in English language version.
The chalk outcroppings have had many names. In the late 19th century, they were said to resemble the ruins of many castles, thus "Castle City." Some say that it got the name "Little Jerusalem" or "New Jerusalem" because from a distance it looks like the ancient walled city of Jerusalem. By the time The Nature Conservancy acquired the property, most modern-day locals and geologists knew it by the name of Little Jerusalem.