Loneliness (English Wikipedia)

Nobel J (25 September 2018). "Forging Connection Against Loneliness". AFSP. Archived from the original on 13 December 2019. Retrieved 13 December 2019.

apa.org (Global: 1,327^th place; English: 1,093^rd place)

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brightlifecheshire.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Mills S (6 September 2017). "Loneliness: Do Interventions Help?" (PDF). University of Chester. Retrieved 16 May 2020.

cdc.gov (Global: 251^st place; English: 248^th place)

"Health Benefits of Pets". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2007.

depression.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Psychotherapy". Depression.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2009. Retrieved 29 March 2008.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Barreto M, Doyle DM, Qualter P (2024). "Changing the narrative: Loneliness as a social justice issue". Political Psychology. 45 (S1): 157–181. doi:10.1111/pops.12965. hdl:10871/135360. ISSN 0162-895X.
Gao J, Davis LK, Hart AB, Sanchez-Roige S, Han L, Cacioppo JT, et al. (2016). "Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation". Neuropsychopharmacology. 42 (4): 811–821. doi:10.1038/npp.2016.197. PMC 5312064. PMID 27629369.
Leigh-Hunta N, Bagguleyb D, Bashb K, Turnerb V, Turnbullb S, Valtortac N, et al. (2017). "An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness". PLOS ONE. 152: 157–171. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2017.07.035. PMID 28915435.
Cacioppo J, Hawkley L (2010). "Loneliness Matters: A Theorectical and Empirical Review of Consequences and Mechanisms". Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 40 (2): 218–227. doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8. PMC 3874845. PMID 20652462.
"Loneliness is strongly linked to depression in older adults in a large, long-term study". NIHR Evidence (Plain English summary). 29 June 2021. doi:10.3310/alert_46882. S2CID 242980660.
Lee SL, Pearce E, Ajnakina O, Johnson S, Lewis G, Mann F, et al. (9 November 2020). "The association between loneliness and depressive symptoms among adults aged 50 years and older: a 12-year population-based cohort study". The Lancet Psychiatry. 8 (1): 48–57. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30383-7. PMC 8009277. PMID 33181096.
Ten Kate RL, Bilecen B, Steverink N (2020). "A closer look at loneliness: why do first-generation migrants feel more lonely than their native Dutch counterparts?". The Gerontologist. 60 (2): 291–301. doi:10.1093/geront/gnz192. PMC 7039375. PMID 31944240.
Cotten SR, Anderson WA, McCullough BM (28 February 2013). "Impact of Internet Use on Loneliness and Contact with Others Among Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 15 (2) e2306. doi:10.2196/jmir.2306. PMC 3636305. PMID 23448864.
Masi CM, Chen HY, Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT (2010). "A Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Reduce Loneliness". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 15 (3): 219–266. doi:10.1177/1088868310377394. PMC 3865701. PMID 20716644.
Jarvisa MA, Padmanabhanunnib A, Balakrishnac Y, Chippsd J (2020). "The effectiveness of interventions addressing loneliness in older persons: An umbrella review". International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 12 100177. doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2019.100177.
Dunbar R, Bzdok D (2020). "The Neurobiology of Social Distance". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 24 (9): 717–733. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.05.016. PMC 7266757. PMID 32561254.
Christakis N, Fowler J (2013). "Social contagion theory: examining dynamic social networks and human behavior". Statistics in Medicine. 32 (4): 556–577. Bibcode:2013StMed..32..556C. doi:10.1002/sim.5408. PMC 3830455. PMID 22711416.
Cacioppo JT, Fowler JH, Christakis NA (2009). "Alone in the crowd: the structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 97 (6): 977–991. doi:10.1037/a0016076. PMC 2792572. PMID 19968414.
Sum S, Mathews RM, Hughes I, Campbell A (2008). "Internet Use and Loneliness in Older Adults". CyberPsychology & Behavior. 11 (2): 208–211. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0010. PMID 18422415. S2CID 206156298.
Shaw LH, Gant LM (2002). "In Defense of the Internet: The Relationship between Internet Communication and Depression, Loneliness, Self-Esteem, and Perceived Social Support". CyberPsychology & Behavior. 5 (2): 157–171. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.563.2946. doi:10.1089/109493102753770552. PMID 12025883. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Moretta, T., Buodo, G. (2020). "Problematic Internet Use and Loneliness: How Complex Is the Relationship? A Short Literature Review". Current Addiction Reports. 7 (2): 125–136. doi:10.1007/s40429-020-00305-z. S2CID 212620349.
Nowland R, Necka EA, Cacioppo JT (2018). "Loneliness and Social Internet Use: Pathways to Reconnection in a Digital World?". Perspectives on Psychological Science. 13 (1): 70–87. doi:10.1177/1745691617713052. PMID 28937910.
Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Dolan CV, Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT (2005). "Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Loneliness in Adults: The Netherlands Twin Register Study". Behavior Genetics. 35 (6): 745–752. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.453.498. doi:10.1007/s10519-005-6040-8. PMID 16273322. S2CID 674438. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Diehl K, Jansen C, Ishchanova K, Hilger-Kolb J (2018). "Loneliness at Universities: Determinants of Emotional and Social Loneliness among Students". Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15 (9): 1865. Bibcode:2018IJERP..15.1865D. doi:10.3390/ijerph15091865. PMC 6163695. PMID 30158447.
O'Súilleabháin PS, Gallagher S, Steptoe A (2019). "Loneliness, Living Alone, and All-Cause Mortality: The Role of Emotional and Social Loneliness in the Elderly During 19 Years of Follow-Up". Psychosomatic Medicine. 81 (6): 521–526. doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000710. hdl:10344/8038. ISSN 0033-3174. PMC 6615929. PMID 31094903.
Lasgaard M, Goossens L, HolmBramsen R, Trillingsgaard T, Elklita A (April 2011). "Different sources of loneliness are associated with different forms of psychopathology in adolescence". Journal of Research in Personality. 45 (2): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.12.005.
Lesch E, Casper R, van der Watt AS (2016). "Romantic relationships and loneliness in a group of South African postgraduate students". South African Review of Sociology. 47 (4): 22–39. doi:10.1080/21528586.2016.1182442. ISSN 2152-8586. S2CID 152149835.
Shah SG, Nogueras D, van Woerden HC, Kiparoglou V (5 November 2020). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pandemic of Lockdown Loneliness and the Role of Digital Technology". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 22 (11) e22287. doi:10.2196/22287. ISSN 1438-8871. PMC 7647474. PMID 33108313.
"How can we reduce the toll of loneliness in older adults?". NIHR Evidence (Plain English summary). 30 September 2021. doi:10.3310/collection_47889.
Bicudo de Castro V, Muskat M (4 April 2020). "Inverted Crusoeism: Deliberately marooning yourself on an island" (PDF). Shima: The International Journal of Research into Island Cultures. 14 (1). doi:10.21463/shima.14.1.16.
Love HK (1 January 2001). "Spoiled Identity: Stephen Gordon's Loneliness and the Difficulties of Queer History". GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies. 7 (4): 487–519. doi:10.1215/10642684-7-4-487. ISSN 1064-2684. S2CID 145677903.
Bost D (2019). Evidence of Being. University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226589961.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-226-58982-4. S2CID 158970684.
Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton JB (2010). "Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review". PLOS Medicine. 7 (7) e1000316. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316. PMC 2910600. PMID 20668659.
Twenge JM, Haidt J, Blake AB, McAllister C, Lemon H, Le Roy A (20 July 2021). "Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness". Journal of Adolescence. 93: 257–269. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006. ISSN 0140-1971. PMID 34294429. S2CID 236197751.
Spreng RN, Dimas E, Mwilambwe-Tshilobo L, Dagher A, Koellinger P, Nave G, et al. (2020). "The default network of the human brain is associated with perceived social isolation". Nature Communications. 11 (1) 6393. Nature Publishing Group. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.6393S. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20039-w. PMC 7738683. PMID 33319780.
"Loneliness, but not social isolation, predicts development of dementia in older people". NIHR Evidence (Plain English summary). 27 May 2020. doi:10.3310/alert_40330. S2CID 241649845.
Rafnsson SB, Orrell M, d'Orsi E, Hogervorst E, Steptoe A (1 January 2020). Carr D (ed.). "Loneliness, Social Integration, and Incident Dementia Over 6 Years: Prospective Findings From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing". The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 75 (1): 114–124. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbx087. ISSN 1079-5014. PMC 6909434. PMID 28658937.
Terracciano A, Luchetti M, Karakose S, Stephan Y, Sutin AR (2 October 2023). "Loneliness and Risk of Parkinson Disease". JAMA Neurology. 80 (11): 1138–1144. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3382. PMC 10546293. PMID 37782489.
Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT (2003). "Loneliness and pathways to disease". Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 17 (1): 98–105. doi:10.1016/S0889-1591(02)00073-9. PMID 12615193. S2CID 1336958.
Troop NA, Bifulco A (2002). "Childhood social arena and cognitive sets in eating disorders". British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 41 (2): 205–211. doi:10.1348/014466502163976. PMID 12034006.
Matthews T, Danese A, Caspi A, Fisher HL, Goldman-Mellor S, Kepa A, et al. (24 April 2018). "Lonely young adults in modern Britain: findings from an epidemiological cohort study". Psychological Medicine. 49 (2): 268–277. doi:10.1017/S0033291718000788. PMC 6076992. PMID 29684289.
Jaremka L, Andridge R, Fagundes C, Alfano C, Povoski S, Lipari A, et al. (2014). "Pain, depression, and fatigue: Loneliness as a longitudinal risk factor". Health Psychology. 38 (9): 1310–1317. doi:10.1037/a0034012. PMC 3992976. PMID 23957903.
Stravynski A, Boyer R (2001). "Loneliness in Relation to Suicide Ideation and Parasuicide: A Population-Wide Study". Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior. 31 (1): 32–40. doi:10.1521/suli.31.1.32.21312. ISSN 1943-278X. PMID 11326767.
Langenkamp A (2021). "Lonely Hearts, Empty Booths? The Relationship between Loneliness, Reported Voting Behavior and Voting as Civic Duty". Social Science Quarterly. 102 (4): 1239–1254. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12946. S2CID 233677284.
Rydgren J (2011). "A legacy of 'uncivicness'? Social capital and radical right-wing populist voting in Eastern Europe". Acta Politica. 46 (2): 132–157. doi:10.1057/ap.2011.4. S2CID 144167377.
Zhirkov K (2014). "Nativist but not alienated: A comparative perspective on the radical right vote in Western Europe". Party Politics. 20 (2): 286–296. doi:10.1177/1354068813511379. S2CID 144100979.
Langenkamp A (2025). "Linking social deprivation and loneliness to right-extreme radicalization and extremist antifeminism". Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences. 63 101525. doi:10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101525. ISSN 2352-1546.
Jaremka LM, Fagundes CP, Glaser R, Bennett JM, Malarkey WB, Kiecolt-Glaser JK (2013). "Loneliness predicts pain, depression, and fatigue: Understanding the role of immune dysregulation". Psychoneuroendocrinology. 38 (8): 1310–1317. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.11.016. PMC 3633610. PMID 23273678.
Jaremka LM, Fagundes CP, Peng J, Bennett JM, Glaser R, Malarkey WB, et al. (2013). "Loneliness Promotes Inflammation During Acute Stress". Psychological Science. 24 (7): 1089–1097. doi:10.1177/0956797612464059. PMC 3825089. PMID 23630220.
Gerst-Emerson K, Jayawardhana J (2015). "Loneliness as a Public Health Issue: The Impact of Loneliness on Health Care Utilization Among Older Adults". American Journal of Public Health. 105 (5): 1013–1019. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.302427. PMC 4386514. PMID 25790413.
Haslam SA, Haslam C, Dingle G, et al. (April 2024). "Tackling loneliness together: A three-tier social identity framework for social prescribing". Group Processes & Intergroup Relations. 27 (5): 1128–1150. doi:10.1177/13684302241242434.
Leavell MA, Leiferman JA, Gascon M, Braddick F, Gonzalez JC, et al. (August 2024). "Connecting through nature: A systematic review of the effectiveness of nature-based social prescribing practices to combat loneliness". Landscape and Urban Planning. 248 105071: 0169–2046. Bibcode:2024LUrbP.24805071L. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105071. hdl:10230/60690.
Wiles J, Morgan T, Moeke-Maxwell T, Black S, Park HJ, Dewes O, et al. (3 October 2019). "Befriending Services for Culturally Diverse Older People". Journal of Gerontological Social Work. 62 (7): 776–793. doi:10.1080/01634372.2019.1640333. ISSN 0163-4372. PMID 31296128.
Blodgett JM, Tiley K, Harkness F, Musella M (2025). "What works to reduce loneliness: a rapid systematic review of 101 interventions". Journal of Public Health Policy. 46 (2): 245–268. doi:10.1057/s41271-025-00561-1. ISSN 0197-5897. PMC 12119363. PMID 40050496.
Shah SG, Nogueras D, van Woerden HC, Kiparoglou V (4 June 2021). "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Digital Technology Interventions to Reduce Loneliness in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 23 (6) e24712. doi:10.2196/24712. ISSN 1438-8871. PMC 8214187. PMID 34085942.
Muldoon J, Parke J (2025). "Cruel companionship: How AI companions exploit loneliness and commodify intimacy". New Media & Society 14614448251395192. doi:10.1177/14614448251395192.
De Freitas J, Oğuz-Uğuralp Z, Puntoni S (2026). "AI Companions Reduce Loneliness". Journal of Consumer Research. 52 (6): 1126–1148. doi:10.1093/jcr/ucaf040.
Adewale M, Muhammad U (2025). "From Virtual Companions to Forbidden Attractions: The Seductive Rise of Artificial Intelligence Love, Loneliness, and Intimacy—A Systematic Review". Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science. doi:10.1007/s41347-025-00549-4.
Yang Y, Wang C, Xiang X, An R (2025). "AI Applications to Reduce Loneliness Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness and Technologies". Healthcare (journal). 13 (5): 446. doi:10.3390/healthcare13050446. PMC 11898439. PMID 40077009.
Johnson DP, Mullins LC (1989). "Religiosity and Loneliness Among the Elderly". Journal of Applied Gerontology. 8: 110–131. doi:10.1177/073346488900800109. S2CID 145242343.
Zhou X, Sedikides C, Wildschut T, Gao DG (2008). "Counteracting Loneliness: On the Restorative Function of Nostalgia" (PDF). Psychological Science. 19 (10): 1023–1029. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02194.x. PMID 19000213. S2CID 45398320.
Anderson KA (2019). "The Virtual Care Farm: A Preliminary Evaluation of an Innovative Approach to Addressing Loneliness and Building Community through Nature and Technology". Activities, Adaptation & Aging. 43 (4): 334–344. doi:10.1080/01924788.2019.1581024. S2CID 86570263.

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

"Loneliness is a serious public-health problem". The Economist. 1 September 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2020.

euronews.com (Global: 587^th place; English: 729^th place)

Viola Stefanello (19 October 2019). "Lonely in Berlin: German capital mulls Commissioner for Loneliness". Euronews. Retrieved 18 May 2020.

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu

"Project Loneliness in Europe". Joint Research Centre. 11 December 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2022.

publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu

Baarck J, D'hombres B, Tintori G (16 November 2021). "Loneliness in Europe before and during the COVID-19 pandemic". Joint Research Centre of the European Commission.

ft.com (Global: 193^rd place; English: 127^th place)

Hertz N (25 September 2020). "Why loneliness fuels populism". Financial Times. Retrieved 8 December 2020.

gov.uk (Global: 401^st place; English: 228^th place)

"Loneliness Annual Report: the first year". Government of the United Kingdom. 20 January 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
Loneliness Annual Report: the first year (Report). Government of the United Kingdom. 20 January 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Barreto M, Doyle DM, Qualter P (2024). "Changing the narrative: Loneliness as a social justice issue". Political Psychology. 45 (S1): 157–181. doi:10.1111/pops.12965. hdl:10871/135360. ISSN 0162-895X.
O'Súilleabháin PS, Gallagher S, Steptoe A (2019). "Loneliness, Living Alone, and All-Cause Mortality: The Role of Emotional and Social Loneliness in the Elderly During 19 Years of Follow-Up". Psychosomatic Medicine. 81 (6): 521–526. doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000710. hdl:10344/8038. ISSN 0033-3174. PMC 6615929. PMID 31094903.
Leavell MA, Leiferman JA, Gascon M, Braddick F, Gonzalez JC, et al. (August 2024). "Connecting through nature: A systematic review of the effectiveness of nature-based social prescribing practices to combat loneliness". Landscape and Urban Planning. 248 105071: 0169–2046. Bibcode:2024LUrbP.24805071L. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105071. hdl:10230/60690.

indiatimes.com (Global: 31^st place; English: 19^th place)

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

"Loneliness an epidemic?". The Times of India. 1 March 2024. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 18 March 2024.

jmir.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cotten SR, Anderson WA, McCullough BM (28 February 2013). "Impact of Internet Use on Loneliness and Contact with Others Among Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 15 (2) e2306. doi:10.2196/jmir.2306. PMC 3636305. PMID 23448864.

lepoint.fr (Global: 488^th place; English: 2,230^th place)

"Fillon lance la grande cause nationale 2011: la lutte contre la solitude". Le Point. 22 December 2024. Retrieved 4 September 2024.

mayoclinic.org (Global: 2,191^st place; English: 1,798^th place)

"Chronic stress puts your health at risk". Mayo Clinic. Archived from the original on 9 May 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2018.

mentalhealthtoday.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Apter C (13 March 2019). "The benefits of social prescribing – and a word of warning". Mental Health Today. Retrieved 20 May 2020.

nationalpost.com (Global: 1,018^th place; English: 559^th place)

"All you need is love – and funding: 79-year-old Harvard study of human happiness may lose grant money". National Post. 17 April 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2020.

nextavenue.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Birnstengel G (17 January 2020). "What Has the U.K.'s Minister of Loneliness Done to Date?". Next Avenue. Retrieved 18 May 2020.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Gao J, Davis LK, Hart AB, Sanchez-Roige S, Han L, Cacioppo JT, et al. (2016). "Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation". Neuropsychopharmacology. 42 (4): 811–821. doi:10.1038/npp.2016.197. PMC 5312064. PMID 27629369.
Leigh-Hunta N, Bagguleyb D, Bashb K, Turnerb V, Turnbullb S, Valtortac N, et al. (2017). "An overview of systematic reviews on the public health consequences of social isolation and loneliness". PLOS ONE. 152: 157–171. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2017.07.035. PMID 28915435.
Cacioppo J, Hawkley L (2010). "Loneliness Matters: A Theorectical and Empirical Review of Consequences and Mechanisms". Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 40 (2): 218–227. doi:10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8. PMC 3874845. PMID 20652462.
Lee SL, Pearce E, Ajnakina O, Johnson S, Lewis G, Mann F, et al. (9 November 2020). "The association between loneliness and depressive symptoms among adults aged 50 years and older: a 12-year population-based cohort study". The Lancet Psychiatry. 8 (1): 48–57. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30383-7. PMC 8009277. PMID 33181096.
Ten Kate RL, Bilecen B, Steverink N (2020). "A closer look at loneliness: why do first-generation migrants feel more lonely than their native Dutch counterparts?". The Gerontologist. 60 (2): 291–301. doi:10.1093/geront/gnz192. PMC 7039375. PMID 31944240.
Cotten SR, Anderson WA, McCullough BM (28 February 2013). "Impact of Internet Use on Loneliness and Contact with Others Among Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Analysis". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 15 (2) e2306. doi:10.2196/jmir.2306. PMC 3636305. PMID 23448864.
Masi CM, Chen HY, Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT (2010). "A Meta-Analysis of Interventions to Reduce Loneliness". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 15 (3): 219–266. doi:10.1177/1088868310377394. PMC 3865701. PMID 20716644.
Dunbar R, Bzdok D (2020). "The Neurobiology of Social Distance". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 24 (9): 717–733. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.05.016. PMC 7266757. PMID 32561254.
Christakis N, Fowler J (2013). "Social contagion theory: examining dynamic social networks and human behavior". Statistics in Medicine. 32 (4): 556–577. Bibcode:2013StMed..32..556C. doi:10.1002/sim.5408. PMC 3830455. PMID 22711416.
Cacioppo JT, Fowler JH, Christakis NA (2009). "Alone in the crowd: the structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 97 (6): 977–991. doi:10.1037/a0016076. PMC 2792572. PMID 19968414.
Sum S, Mathews RM, Hughes I, Campbell A (2008). "Internet Use and Loneliness in Older Adults". CyberPsychology & Behavior. 11 (2): 208–211. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.0010. PMID 18422415. S2CID 206156298.
Shaw LH, Gant LM (2002). "In Defense of the Internet: The Relationship between Internet Communication and Depression, Loneliness, Self-Esteem, and Perceived Social Support". CyberPsychology & Behavior. 5 (2): 157–171. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.563.2946. doi:10.1089/109493102753770552. PMID 12025883. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Nowland R, Necka EA, Cacioppo JT (2018). "Loneliness and Social Internet Use: Pathways to Reconnection in a Digital World?". Perspectives on Psychological Science. 13 (1): 70–87. doi:10.1177/1745691617713052. PMID 28937910.
Boomsma DI, Willemsen G, Dolan CV, Hawkley LC, Cacioppo JT (2005). "Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Loneliness in Adults: The Netherlands Twin Register Study". Behavior Genetics. 35 (6): 745–752. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.453.498. doi:10.1007/s10519-005-6040-8. PMID 16273322. S2CID 674438. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Diehl K, Jansen C, Ishchanova K, Hilger-Kolb J (2018). "Loneliness at Universities: Determinants of Emotional and Social Loneliness among Students". Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15 (9): 1865. Bibcode:2018IJERP..15.1865D. doi:10.3390/ijerph15091865. PMC 6163695. PMID 30158447.
O'Súilleabháin PS, Gallagher S, Steptoe A (2019). "Loneliness, Living Alone, and All-Cause Mortality: The Role of Emotional and Social Loneliness in the Elderly During 19 Years of Follow-Up". Psychosomatic Medicine. 81 (6): 521–526. doi:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000710. hdl:10344/8038. ISSN 0033-3174. PMC 6615929. PMID 31094903.
Shah SG, Nogueras D, van Woerden HC, Kiparoglou V (5 November 2020). "The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pandemic of Lockdown Loneliness and the Role of Digital Technology". Journal of Medical Internet Research. 22 (11) e22287. doi:10.2196/22287. ISSN 1438-8871. PMC 7647474. PMID 33108313.
Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton JB (2010). "Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review". PLOS Medicine. 7 (7) e1000316. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316. PMC 2910600. PMID 20668659.
Twenge JM, Haidt J, Blake AB, McAllister C, Lemon H, Le Roy A (20 July 2021). "Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness". Journal of Adolescence. 93: 257–269. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006. ISSN 0140-1971. PMID 34294429. S2CID 236197751.
Spreng RN, Dimas E, Mwilambwe-Tshilobo L, Dagher A, Koellinger P, Nave G, et al. (2020). "The default network of the human brain is associated with perceived social isolation". Nature Communications. 11 (1) 6393. Nature Publishing Group. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.6393S. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20039-w. PMC 7738683. PMID 33319780.
Rafnsson SB, Orrell M, d'Orsi E, Hogervorst E, Steptoe A (1 January 2020). Carr D (ed.). "Loneliness, Social Integration, and Incident Dementia Over 6 Years: Prospective Findings From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing". The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 75 (1): 114–124. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbx087. ISSN 1079-5014. PMC 6909434. PMID 28658937.
Terracciano A, Luchetti M, Karakose S, Stephan Y, Sutin AR (2 October 2023). "Loneliness and Risk of Parkinson Disease". JAMA Neurology. 80 (11): 1138–1144. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3382. PMC 10546293. PMID 37782489.
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Sometimes called the "reaffiliation motive", e.g. see Loneliness across the life span
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Loneliness (English Wikipedia)

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