Louis Armstrong (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Louis Armstrong" in English language version.

Last modified: 00:36:27, 31 August 2026 (UTC)

Ref.Un. Ref.Website

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6463web.archive.org

1^st place

159archive.org

6^th place

99books.google.com

3^rd place

99louisarmstronghouse.org

low place

88nytimes.com

7^th place

66worldcat.org

4^th place

33grammy.com

357^th place

285^th place

33newspapers.com

24^th place

12^th place

32biography.com

628^th place

612^th place

22npr.org

114^th place

75^th place

22history.com

852^nd place

715^th place

22redhotjazz.com

low place

22playbill.com

217^th place

114^th place

21commentarymagazine.com

low place

7,334^th place

11americansongwriter.com

1,822^nd place

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11nasa.gov

12^th place

73^rd place

11nps.gov

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11galegroup.com

2,044^th place

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11doi.org

2^nd place

11bloomsbury.com

5,428^th place

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11pbs.org

260^th place

176^th place

11openculture.com

9,015^th place

6,581^st place

11poetryfoundation.org

3,088^th place

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114cd.edu

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11stanford.edu

194^th place

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11nla.gov.au

112^th place

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649^th place

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1,275^th place

702^nd place

11louisarmstrongfoundation.org

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11telegraph.co.uk

40^th place

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11americanantiquarian.org

1,217^th place

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11minneapolisfed.org

2,255^th place

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11phoenixnewtimes.com

3,434^th place

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11smithsonianmag.com

663^rd place

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11bcy.ca

7,742^nd place

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11time.com

84^th place

63^rd place

11proquest.com

121^st place

59^th place

11forward.com

1,367^th place

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11billboard.com

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11michaelminn.net

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422^nd place

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11suntimes.com

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11newyorker.com

191^st place

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11nydailynews.com

261^st place

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11upi.com

377^th place

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11grammy.org

9,619^th place

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11rockhall.com

1,695^th place

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11walkoffame.com

2,419^th place

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11afi.com

172^nd place

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11radioopensource.org

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11rollingstone.com

57^th place

39^th place

11minorplanetcenter.net

123^rd place

779^th place

11loc.gov

63^rd place

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11usta.com

9,125^th place

5,830^th place

11miaminewdrama.org

low place

11broadwayworld.com

448^th place

242^nd place

11thepressroomnyc.com

low place

11cuny.edu

2,325^th place

1,345^th place

4cd.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

0-link.galegroup.com.library.4cd.edu

Collins, Willie (2013). Thomas Riggs (ed.). "Armstrong, Louis (1901–1971)". St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. 1 (Second ed.). St. James Press: 133–135.^{[permanent dead link]}

afi.com (Global: 172^nd place; English: 111^th place)

"AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Stars Nominees" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved August 22, 2012.

allmusic.com (Global: 27^th place; English: 20^th place)

"Louis Armstrong". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.

americanantiquarian.org (Global: 1,217^th place; English: 526^th place)

1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.

americansongwriter.com (Global: 1,822^nd place; English: 885^th place)

"Louis Armstrong: All That and More". American Songwriter. August 17, 2021. Retrieved October 12, 2025.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

For background on nicknames, see Laurence Bergreen (1997). Louis Armstrong: An Extravagant Life. New York: Broadway Books. pp. 4–5. ISBN 978-0553067682.
Gary Giddins (2001). Satchmo: The Genius of Louis Armstrong. Da Capo. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-306-81013-8.
Armstrong, Louis (1999). "Louis Armstrong + the Jewish Family in New Orleans, LA., the year of 1907". In Brothers, Thomas (ed.). Louis Armstrong, in His Own Words: Selected Writings. Annotated index by Charles Kinzer. Oxford University Press. pp. 3–36. ISBN 0-19-511958-4 – via Internet Archive.
Collier, James Lincoln (1983). Louis Armstrong: An American Genius. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 324. ISBN 978-0195033779.
Nollen, Scott Allen (2004). Louis Armstrong: The Life, Music, and Screen Career. McFarland. p. 127. ISBN 978-0786418572. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Collier, James Lincoln (1983). Louis Armstrong: An American Genius. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-0195033779.
Collier, James Lincoln (1983). Louis Armstrong: An American Genius. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0195033779.
Bergreen, Laurence (1998). Louis Armstrong: An Extravagant Life (Reprint ed.). New York: Broadway Books. ISBN 978-0767901567.
Collier, James Lincoln (1985). Louis Armstrong. Pan. p. 333. ISBN 978-0330286077.

bcy.ca (Global: 7,742^nd place; English: 8,188^th place)

freemasonry.bcy.ca

"Louis Armstrong". Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Retrieved September 3, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

billboard.com (Global: 20^th place; English: 13^th place)

"Louis Armstrong". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2020.

biography.com (Global: 628^th place; English: 612^th place)

"Louis Armstrong". Biography.com. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
"Louis Armstrong: Legendary Jazz Musician". Biography.com. January 17, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2026.

bloomsbury.com (Global: 5,428^th place; English: 3,110^th place)

Williams, Iain Cameron Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall Archived February 26, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. Bloomsbury Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0826458939. OCLC 51780394

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Anderson, Gene H. (2015). Louis Armstrong. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0190268756.
Elliot Hurwitt et al., in Cary D. Wintz and Paul Finkelman, eds., Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance Archived January 16, 2023, at the Wayback Machine (London: Routledge, 2012), 533 and elsewhere. ISBN 978-1135455361
Starkey, Brando Simeo (2015). In Defense of Uncle Tom: Why Blacks Must Police Racial Loyalty. Cambridge University Press. pp. 147–. ISBN 978-1316214084. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Kelley, Robin D. G. (2012). Africa Speaks, America Answers: Modern Jazz in Revolutionary Times. Harvard University Press. pp. 72–. ISBN 978-0674065246. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
"James Brown Goes Through Some New Changes". Jet. December 30, 1971. p. 59. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Whitaker, Matthew C. (2011). Icons of Black America: Breaking Barriers and Crossing Boundaries. ABC-CLIO. p. 41. ISBN 978-0313376429.
Armstrong, Louis; Brothers, Thomas (2001). Louis Armstrong, In His Own Words: Selected Writings. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0195140460. Archived from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
Morgenstern, Dan, and Sheldon Meyer (2004). Living with Jazz Archived May 12, 2023, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Pantheon Books. ISBN 037542072X
Storb, Ilse (2000). Jazz Meets the World-the World Meets Jazz. LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3825837488.

broadwayworld.com (Global: 448^th place; English: 242^nd place)

"Exclusive Photos/Video: Final Preview of A WONDERFUL WORLD; Opening Night Cancelled at the Colony Theatre". Broadway World. March 14, 2020. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.

commentarymagazine.com (Global: low place; English: 7,334^th place)

Teachout, Terry (November 1, 2009). "Satchmo and the Jews". Commentary Magazine. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2018.

cuny.edu (Global: 2,325^th place; English: 1,345^th place)

www1.cuny.edu

"Louis Armstrong House Museum and CUNY Celebrate Opening of New Center". The City University of New York. July 7, 2023. Archived from the original on November 27, 2023. Retrieved November 30, 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Magee, Jeffrey (2005). The Uncrowned King of Swing. Oxford University Press. pp. 112–114. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195090222.001.0001. ISBN 978-0195090222.

forward.com (Global: 1,367^th place; English: 767^th place)

"Louis Armstrong's Secret Lessons From Judaism". The Forward. Archived from the original on March 17, 2023. Retrieved January 12, 2018.

galegroup.com (Global: 2,044^th place; English: 1,045^th place)

link.galegroup.com

Stamatel, Janet P. (2003). Henderson, Ashyia N (ed.). "Hardin Armstrong, Lil 1898–1971". Contemporary Black Biography. 39: 98 – via Gale Virtual Reference Library.

grammy.com (Global: 357^th place; English: 285^th place)

"Louis Armstrong – Artist". Grammy.com. November 19, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
"Lifetime Achievement Award". Grammy.com. February 8, 2009. Archived from the original on February 12, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
"The Recording Academy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 12, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.

grammy.org (Global: 9,619^th place; English: 6,888^th place)

"Grammy Hall of Fame Database". Grammy.com. February 8, 2009. Archived from the original on January 22, 2011. Retrieved August 17, 2009.

history.com (Global: 852^nd place; English: 715^th place)

Andrews, Evan (August 22, 2018). "9 Things You May Not Know About Louis Armstrong". History. A&E Television Networks. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2021.
Andrews, Evan (October 17, 2022). "9 Things You May Not Know About Louis Armstrong". History.com. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2021.

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

"Library of Congress archive". Library of Congress. February 18, 2009. Archived from the original on March 15, 2015. Retrieved August 17, 2009.

louisarmstrongfoundation.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Biography of Louis Daniel Armstrong". LouisArmstrongFoundation.org. Louis Armstrong Educational Foundation. Archived from the original on December 28, 2014. Retrieved January 16, 2015.

louisarmstronghouse.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

louisarmstronghouse.org

"FAQ – Louis Armstrong House Museum". louisarmstronghouse.org. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
"Louis Armstrong: FAQ". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
"Louis Armstrong's 1969-1971 Tapes: "Empty" Reels and Final Collages". Louisarmstronghouse.org. Retrieved May 31, 2026.
"Well-being and Care the Satchmo Way – Part II". Louisarmstronghouse.org. Retrieved May 31, 2026.
"The Museum – About". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Retrieved January 18, 2025.
"Events". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Retrieved January 18, 2025.
"Research Archives – Collections". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Retrieved January 18, 2025.

virtualexhibits.louisarmstronghouse.org

Riccardi, Ricky (May 11, 2020). "'I'm Still Louis Armstrong – Colored': Louis Armstrong and the Civil Rights Era". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Louis Armstrong House. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved April 3, 2021.

collections.louisarmstronghouse.org

"Catalogs". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Retrieved January 18, 2025.

miaminewdrama.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"A Wonderful World". Miami New Drama. Archived from the original on September 27, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.

michaelminn.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Louis Armstrong: "Grassa e bella" Louis Armstrong Discography Archived January 11, 2014, at the Wayback Machine

minneapolisfed.org (Global: 2,255^th place; English: 1,024^th place)

1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.

minorplanetcenter.net (Global: 123^rd place; English: 779^th place)

"IAU Minor Planet Center". minorplanetcenter.net. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2022.

nasa.gov (Global: 12^th place; English: 73^rd place)

science.nasa.gov

"Golden Record Contents". NASA.

newspapers.com (Global: 24^th place; English: 12^th place)

Hoople, Major (September 20, 1957). "Armstrong Cancels Trip Due to Integration Crisis". Okmulgee Daily Times. p. 10.
"Satchmo insists that he speaks for himself". Daily Record. September 25, 1957. p. 9.
"Armstrong Park Dedicated". Daily World. Opelousas, Louisiana. UPI. April 16, 1980. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 30, 2018. Retrieved October 25, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.

newyorker.com (Global: 191^st place; English: 122^nd place)

Brody, Richard. "Louis Armstrong's Black & Blues". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)

trove.nla.gov.au

"Louis Armstrong And Band Get A Hot Reception". Sydney Morning Herald (NSW: 1842–1954). October 28, 1954. p. 1. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

"Louis Armstrong: 'The Man and His Music', Part 1". National Public Radio. August 1, 2007. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
"NPR's Jazz Profiles from NPR: Louis Armstrong: The Singer". NPR. National Public Radio. August 22, 2007. Archived from the original on June 14, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2021.

nps.gov (Global: 79^th place; English: 40^th place)

"Jazz Neighborhoods – New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)". nps.gov. Archived from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved July 25, 2022.

nydailynews.com (Global: 261^st place; English: 147^th place)

Burton, Anthony (July 10, 1971). "Louis Armstrong's body is laid to rest in Queens". New York Daily News.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

nytimes.com

Schulz, Bill (August 26, 2016). "Louis Armstrong's Lip Balm". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 31, 2016.
"Louis Armstrong, Barring Soviet Tour, Denounces Eisenhower and Gov. Faubus". The New York Times. September 19, 1957. Archived from the original on April 10, 2009. Retrieved August 30, 2007.
Margolick, David (September 23, 2007). "The Day Louis Armstrong Made Noise". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 21, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
Krebs, Albin. "Louis Armstrong, Jazz Trumpeter and Singer, Dies" Archived December 6, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, July 7, 1971. Accessed October 1, 2009. "Louis Armstrong, the celebrated jazz trumpeter and singer, died in his sleep yesterday morning at his home in the Corona section of Queens."
Lelyveld, Joseph (July 10, 1971). "Friends Bid Louis Armstrong a Nostalgic Farewell at Simple Service". New York Times.

timesmachine.nytimes.com

Krebs, Albin (July 7, 1971). "Louis Armstrong, Jazz Trumpeter and Singer, Dies". The New York Times.

query.nytimes.com

Karnow, Stanley (February 21, 2001). "My Debt to Cousin Louis's Cornet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2023.

movies2.nytimes.com

"A Long Way From Tacoma". movies2.nytimes.com. Archived from the original on September 29, 2018. Retrieved September 28, 2018.

openculture.com (Global: 9,015^th place; English: 6,581^st place)

Jones, Josh (March 31, 2015). "Langston Hughes Presents the History of Jazz in an Illustrated Children's Book (1995)". Open Culture. Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.

pbs.org (Global: 260^th place; English: 176^th place)

"Satchmo: The Life of Louis Armstrong". PBS. July 6, 2005. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.

phoenixnewtimes.com (Global: 3,434^th place; English: 1,780^th place)

Gilstrap, Peter (February 29, 1996). "Leave It All Behind Ya". Phoenix New Times. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved August 31, 2021.

playbill.com (Global: 217^th place; English: 114^th place)

Clement, Olivia (March 5, 2020). "Louis Armstrong Musical A Wonderful World Kicks Off World Premiere in Miami". Playbill.com. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
Gans, Andrew (July 12, 2023). "Cast Complete for A Wonderful World Musical Starring James Monroe Iglehart; Vanessa Williams Joins Producing Team". Playbill.com. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023. Retrieved October 5, 2023.

poetryfoundation.org (Global: 3,088^th place; English: 1,935^th place)

Hughes, Langston (October 13, 2009). "Jazz as Communication (1956)". Poetry Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.

proquest.com (Global: 121^st place; English: 59^th place)

Harker, Brian Cameron (1997). The early musical development of Louis Armstrong, 1901–1928 (PhD thesis). Columbia University. ProQuest 304443911.

quartexcollections.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

digitalcollections-baylor.quartexcollections.com

Berlin, Irving. "Irving Berlin's Russian Lullaby". Irving Berlin Music Corp. Archived from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 8, 2022.

radioopensource.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"At Home with Harold Bloom: (3) The Jazz Bridge". Radioopensource.org. December 30, 2007. Archived from the original on May 30, 2023. Retrieved October 19, 2019.

redhotjazz.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Louis Armstrong & his Orchestra". Redhotjazz.com. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
"Lillian Hardin Armstrong". RedHotJazz.com. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2015.

rockhall.com (Global: 1,695^th place; English: 1,603^rd place)

"Experience The Music: One Hit Wonders and The Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll". Rockhall.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2012. Retrieved May 7, 2011.

rollingstone.com (Global: 57^th place; English: 39^th place)

"The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time". Rolling Stone. January 1, 2023. Archived from the original on October 6, 2023. Retrieved September 12, 2023.

smithsonianmag.com (Global: 663^rd place; English: 431^st place)

Hasse, John E. (April 1, 2014). "Rare Footage of Duke Ellington Highlights When Jazz and Baseball Were in Perfect Harmony". Smithsonian. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017.

soundcloud.com (Global: 1,553^rd place; English: 1,050^th place)

"Louis Daniel Armstrong talks with Studs Terkel on WFMT; 1962/6/24". Studs Terkel Radio Archive. June 24, 1962. Archived from the original on October 2, 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2016.

stanford.edu (Global: 194^th place; English: 182^nd place)

riverwalkjazz.stanford.edu

"Louis Armstrong in the 30s". riverwalkjazz.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on March 26, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2015.

stereogum.com (Global: 649^th place; English: 330^th place)

Breihan, Tom (June 14, 2018). "May 9, 1964 The Number Ones: Louis Armstrong's "Hello, Dolly!"". Stereogum.com. Archived from the original on December 26, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2024.

suntimes.com (Global: 615^th place; English: 382^nd place)

rogerebert.suntimes.com

"Stardust Memories". Rogerebert.suntimes.com. January 1, 1980. Archived from the original on February 6, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2009.

tcm.com (Global: 422^nd place; English: 232^nd place)

"High Society (1956) – High Society Calpyso". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved November 24, 2020.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40^th place; English: 27^th place)

Goddard, Jacqui (December 15, 2012). "Louis Armstrong's secret daughter revealed, 42 years after his death". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on December 19, 2012.

thepressroomnyc.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"A Wonderful World: The Louis Armstrong Musical". The Press Room, NYC. Archived from the original on April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

content.time.com

"Louis the First", Time, February 21, 1949, archived from the original on June 16, 2021, retrieved February 5, 2021

upi.com (Global: 377^th place; English: 206^th place)

"Louis Armstrong Dies: 1971 Year in Review". Upi.com. December 28, 1971. Archived from the original on May 3, 2009. Retrieved August 17, 2009.

usta.com (Global: 9,125^th place; English: 5,830^th place)

"Ashe & Armstrong Stadiums". Usta.com. May 25, 2008. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2011.

villagevoice.com (Global: 1,275^th place; English: 702^nd place)

Giddins, Gary (April 16–22, 2003). "Satchuated". Village Voice. Archived from the original on June 5, 2008. Retrieved October 17, 2007.

walkoffame.com (Global: 2,419^th place; English: 2,123^rd place)

"Louis Armstrong". Hollywood Walk of Fame. February 8, 1960. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved October 2, 2011.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Jazz Neighborhoods – New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)". nps.gov. Archived from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved July 25, 2022.
Berlin, Irving. "Irving Berlin's Russian Lullaby". Irving Berlin Music Corp. Archived from the original on May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
Teachout, Terry (November 1, 2009). "Satchmo and the Jews". Commentary Magazine. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2018.
Karnow, Stanley (February 21, 2001). "My Debt to Cousin Louis's Cornet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 9, 2009. Retrieved November 14, 2023.
Elliot Hurwitt et al., in Cary D. Wintz and Paul Finkelman, eds., Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance Archived January 16, 2023, at the Wayback Machine (London: Routledge, 2012), 533 and elsewhere. ISBN 978-1135455361
Williams, Iain Cameron Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall Archived February 26, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. Bloomsbury Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0826458939. OCLC 51780394
"Louis Armstrong: 'The Man and His Music', Part 1". National Public Radio. August 1, 2007. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
"Satchmo: The Life of Louis Armstrong". PBS. July 6, 2005. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
Jones, Josh (March 31, 2015). "Langston Hughes Presents the History of Jazz in an Illustrated Children's Book (1995)". Open Culture. Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
Hughes, Langston (October 13, 2009). "Jazz as Communication (1956)". Poetry Foundation. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
Andrews, Evan (August 22, 2018). "9 Things You May Not Know About Louis Armstrong". History. A&E Television Networks. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved April 3, 2021.
"Louis Armstrong & his Orchestra". Redhotjazz.com. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved August 17, 2009.
"Louis Armstrong in the 30s". riverwalkjazz.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on March 26, 2013. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
"Louis Armstrong And Band Get A Hot Reception". Sydney Morning Herald (NSW: 1842–1954). October 28, 1954. p. 1. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
"Louis Armstrong". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
"Louis Armstrong". Biography.com. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
Breihan, Tom (June 14, 2018). "May 9, 1964 The Number Ones: Louis Armstrong's "Hello, Dolly!"". Stereogum.com. Archived from the original on December 26, 2023. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
"Louis Daniel Armstrong talks with Studs Terkel on WFMT; 1962/6/24". Studs Terkel Radio Archive. June 24, 1962. Archived from the original on October 2, 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
"FAQ – Louis Armstrong House Museum". louisarmstronghouse.org. Archived from the original on August 8, 2017. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
Armstrong, Louis; Brothers, Thomas (2001). Louis Armstrong, In His Own Words: Selected Writings. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0195140460. Archived from the original on September 15, 2015. Retrieved December 8, 2014.
Giddins, Gary (April 16–22, 2003). "Satchuated". Village Voice. Archived from the original on June 5, 2008. Retrieved October 17, 2007.
"Lillian Hardin Armstrong". RedHotJazz.com. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
"Biography of Louis Daniel Armstrong". LouisArmstrongFoundation.org. Louis Armstrong Educational Foundation. Archived from the original on December 28, 2014. Retrieved January 16, 2015.
"Louis Armstrong: FAQ". Louis Armstrong House Museum. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
Goddard, Jacqui (December 15, 2012). "Louis Armstrong's secret daughter revealed, 42 years after his death". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on December 19, 2012.
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worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Lyttelton, Humphrey (1979). The Best of Jazz. Taplinger. p. 113. ISBN 0800807278. OCLC 8050573.
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Ziegler, Robert, ed. (2013). Music: the definitive visual history. London: DK. p. 247. ISBN 978-1465414366. OCLC 828055596.

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Williams, Iain Cameron Underneath a Harlem Moon: The Harlem to Paris Years of Adelaide Hall Archived February 26, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. Bloomsbury Publishers, 2002. ISBN 0826458939. OCLC 51780394
Recording OCLC 1323055804, 13571274, 26452918

Louis Armstrong (English Wikipedia)

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