Louse (English Wikipedia)

Ax P (2013). Multicellular Animals: Volume II: The Phylogenetic System of the Metazoa. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 303–307. ISBN 978-3-662-10396-8.
Harbison CW (2008). Ecology and Evolution of Transmission in Feather-feeding Lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera). Department of Biology (Doctoral thesis). University of Utah. pp. 83–87. ISBN 978-0-549-46429-7.
Capinera JL (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 838–844. ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1.
Elliott L (2004). Clothing in the Middle Ages. Crabtree. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-7787-1351-7.
Sarasohn LT (2010). The Natural Philosophy of Margaret Cavendish: Reason and Fancy During the Scientific Revolution. JHU Press. pp. 165–167. ISBN 978-0-8018-9443-5. The Bear-men were to be her Experimental Philosophers, the Bird-men her Astronomers, the Fly- Worm- and Fish-men her Natural Philosophers, the Ape-men her Chymists, the Satyrs her Galenick Physicians, the Fox-men her Politicians, the Spider- and Lice-men her Mathematicians, the Jackdaw- Magpie- and Parrot-men her Orators and Logicians, the Gyants her Architects, &c.
White W (1859). Notes & Queries. Oxford University Press. pp. 275–276.
Trafzer CE (2015). A Chemehuevi Song: The Resilience of a Southern Paiute Tribe. University of Washington Press. pp. 22–25. ISBN 978-0-295-80582-5.

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

Oniki-Willis Y, Willis EO, Sychra O, Galloway T, Rózsa L (2026). "Alternative hypotheses to explain the relationship between infestation intensity and sex ratio of ricinid lice (Psocodea: Phthiraptera: Ricinidae) infesting hummingbirds (Apodiformes: Trochilidae)" (PDF). Parasitology. doi:10.1017/S003118202610184X.

clarelibrary.ie (Global: low place; English: 8,244^th place)

Carroll J. "Songs of Clare: The Kilkenny Louse House". Clare Library. Archived from the original on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2015.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

de Moya, R. S.; Yoshizawa, K.; Walden, K. K. O.; Sweet, A. D.; Dietrich, C. H.; Johnson, K. P. (2021). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. PMID 32979270.
Zhang, Y.; Rasnitsyn, A. P.; Zhang, W.; Song, F.; Shih, C.; Ren, D.; Wang, Y.; Li, H.; Gao, T. (2024). "Stem chewing lice on Cretaceous feathers preserved in amber". Current Biology. 34 (4): 916–922.e1. Bibcode:2024CBio...34E.916Z. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.027. PMID 38320551.
de Moya, Robert S; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Walden, Kimberly K O; Sweet, Andrew D; Dietrich, Christopher H; Kevin P, Johnson (2021-06-16). Buckley, Thomas (ed.). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 32979270. Archived from the original on 2022-03-18. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
Light JE, Smith VS, Allen JM, Durden LA, Reed DL (September 2010). "Evolutionary history of mammalian sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (1): 292. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..292L. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-292. PMC 2949877. PMID 20860811.
Wappler T, Smith VS, Dalgleish RC (August 2004). "Scratching an ancient itch: an Eocene bird louse fossil". Proceedings. Biological Sciences. 271 Suppl 5 (suppl_5): S255-8. Bibcode:2004PBioS.271.0158W. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0158. PMC 1810061. PMID 15503987.
Johnson, Kevin P.; Matthee, Conrad; Doña, Jorge (2022). "Phylogenomics reveals the origin of mammal lice out of Afrotheria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 6 (8): 1205–1210. Bibcode:2022NatEE...6.1205J. doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01803-1. hdl:10481/100956. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 35788706.
Banks JC, Paterson AM (2004). "A penguin-chewing louse (Insecta : Phthiraptera) phylogeny derived from morphology". Invertebrate Systematics. 18 (1): 89–100. doi:10.1071/IS03022. S2CID 53516244.
Mumcuoglu KY (1999). "Prevention and treatment of head lice in children". Paediatric Drugs. 1 (3): 211–8. doi:10.2165/00128072-199901030-00005. PMID 10937452. S2CID 13547569.
Rózsa (1997). "Patterns in the abundance of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (3): 249–254. doi:10.2307/3676976. JSTOR 3676976. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Rékási J, Rozsa L, Kiss BJ (1997). "Patterns in the distribution of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (2): 150–156. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.506.730. doi:10.2307/3677308. JSTOR 3677308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-14. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Felsõ B, Rózsa L (August 2006). "Reduced taxonomic richness of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in diving birds". The Journal of Parasitology. 92 (4): 867–9. doi:10.1645/ge-849.1. PMID 16995408. S2CID 31000581.
Felső B, Rózsa L (2007). "Diving behaviour reduces genera richness of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of mammals" (PDF). Acta Parasitologica. 52: 82–85. doi:10.2478/s11686-007-0006-3. S2CID 38683871. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Møller AP, Rózsa L (January 2005). "Parasite biodiversity and host defenses: chewing lice and immune response of their avian hosts". Oecologia. 142 (2): 169–76. Bibcode:2005Oecol.142..169M. doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1735-8. PMID 15503162. S2CID 12992951.
Møller AP, Erritzøe J, Rózsa L (June 2010). "Ectoparasites, uropygial glands and hatching success in birds". Oecologia. 163 (2): 303–11. Bibcode:2010Oecol.163..303M. doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1548-x. PMID 20043177. S2CID 11433594.
Ròzsa L (November 1993). "Speciation patterns of ectoparasites and "straggling" lice". International Journal for Parasitology. 23 (7): 859–64. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90050-9. PMID 8314369.
Paterson AM, Palma RL, Gray RD (1999). "How Frequently Do Avian Lice Miss the Boat? Implications for Coevolutionary Studies". Systematic Biology. 48: 214–223. doi:10.1080/106351599260544.
MacLeod CJ, Paterson AM, Tompkins DM, Duncan RP (April 2010). "Parasites lost - do invaders miss the boat or drown on arrival?". Ecology Letters. 13 (4): 516–27. Bibcode:2010EcolL..13..516M. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01446.x. PMID 20455925.
Brown CR, Brown MB, Rannala B (1995). "Ectoparasites reduce long-term survivorship of their avian host" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 262 (1365): 313–319. doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0211. S2CID 13869042. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Barlett CM (1993). "Lice (Amblycera and Ischnocera) as vectors of Eulimdana spp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in Charadriiform birds and the necessity of short reproductive periods in adult worms". Journal of Parasitology. 75 (1): 85–91. Bibcode:1993JPara..79...85B. doi:10.2307/3283282. JSTOR 3283282.
Booth DT, Clayton DH, Block BA (1993). "Experimental demonstration of the energetic cost of parasitism in free-ranging hosts" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 253 (1337): 125–129. Bibcode:1993RSPSB.253..125B. doi:10.1098/rspb.1993.0091. S2CID 85731062. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Clayton (1990). "Mate choice in experimentally parasitized rock doves: lousy males lose" (PDF). American Zoologist. 30 (2): 251–262. doi:10.1093/icb/30.2.251. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-10. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Garamszegi LZ, Heylen D, Møller AP, Eens M, De Lope F (2005). "Age-dependent health status and song characteristics". Behavioral Ecology. 16 (3): 580–591. doi:10.1093/beheco/ari029.
Rózsa L, Rékási J, Reiczigel J (1996). "Relationship of host coloniality to the population ecology of avian lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera)" (PDF). Journal of Animal Ecology. 65 (2): 242–248. Bibcode:1996JAnEc..65..242R. doi:10.2307/5727. JSTOR 5727. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Oniki-Willis Y, Willis EO, Sychra O, Galloway T, Rózsa L (2026). "Alternative hypotheses to explain the relationship between infestation intensity and sex ratio of ricinid lice (Psocodea: Phthiraptera: Ricinidae) infesting hummingbirds (Apodiformes: Trochilidae)" (PDF). Parasitology. doi:10.1017/S003118202610184X.
Kowalski TJ, Agger WA (January 2009). "Art supports new plague science". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 48 (1): 137–8. doi:10.1086/595557. PMID 19067623.
Kirkness EF, Haas BJ, Sun W, Braig HR, Perotti MA, Clark JM, et al. (July 2010). "Genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (27): 12168–73. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10712168K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003379107. PMC 2901460. PMID 20566863.
Pittendrigh BR, Berenbaum MR, Seufferheld MJ, Margam VM, Strycharz JP, Yoon KS, et al. (March 2011). "Simplify, simplify: Lifestyle and compact genome of the body louse provide a unique functional genomics opportunity". Communicative & Integrative Biology. 4 (2): 188–91. doi:10.4161/cib.4.2.14279. PMC 3104575. PMID 21655436.
Reed DL, Light JE, Allen JM, Kirchman JJ (March 2007). "Pair of lice lost or parasites regained: the evolutionary history of anthropoid primate lice". BMC Biology. 5 (7) 7. Bibcode:2007BMCB....5....7R. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-5-7. PMC 1828715. PMID 17343749.
Kittler R, Kayser M, Stoneking M (August 2003). "Molecular evolution of Pediculus humanus and the origin of clothing". Current Biology. 13 (16): 1414–7. Bibcode:2003CBio...13.1414K. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00507-4. PMID 12932325. S2CID 15277254.
Shao R, Zhu XQ, Barker SC, Herd K (2012). "Evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans". Genome Biology and Evolution. 4 (11): 1088–101. doi:10.1093/gbe/evs088. PMC 3514963. PMID 23042553.
Light JE, Allen JM, Long LM, Carter TE, Barrow L, Suren G, et al. (December 2008). "Geographic distributions and origins of human head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) based on mitochondrial data". The Journal of Parasitology. 94 (6): 1275–81. doi:10.1645/GE-1618.1. PMID 18576877. S2CID 9456340.

gresham.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Evans RJ. "The Great Unwashed". Gresham College. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Johnson, Kevin P.; Matthee, Conrad; Doña, Jorge (2022). "Phylogenomics reveals the origin of mammal lice out of Afrotheria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 6 (8): 1205–1210. Bibcode:2022NatEE...6.1205J. doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01803-1. hdl:10481/100956. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 35788706.
Twinn CR (1942). Insect Life in the Poetry and Drama of England: With Special Reference to Poetry (PhD thesis). University of Ottawa. hdl:10393/21088.

headlice.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Altschuler DZ (1990). "Zinsser, Lice and History". HeadLice.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2015.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Rózsa (1997). "Patterns in the abundance of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (3): 249–254. doi:10.2307/3676976. JSTOR 3676976. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Rékási J, Rozsa L, Kiss BJ (1997). "Patterns in the distribution of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (2): 150–156. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.506.730. doi:10.2307/3677308. JSTOR 3677308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-14. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Barlett CM (1993). "Lice (Amblycera and Ischnocera) as vectors of Eulimdana spp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in Charadriiform birds and the necessity of short reproductive periods in adult worms". Journal of Parasitology. 75 (1): 85–91. Bibcode:1993JPara..79...85B. doi:10.2307/3283282. JSTOR 3283282.
Rózsa L, Rékási J, Reiczigel J (1996). "Relationship of host coloniality to the population ecology of avian lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera)" (PDF). Journal of Animal Ecology. 65 (2): 242–248. Bibcode:1996JAnEc..65..242R. doi:10.2307/5727. JSTOR 5727. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2010-08-14.

livescience.com (Global: 1,726^th place; English: 1,417^th place)

Parry W (7 November 2013). "Lice Reveal Clues to Human Evolution". LiveScience. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2015.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

de Moya, R. S.; Yoshizawa, K.; Walden, K. K. O.; Sweet, A. D.; Dietrich, C. H.; Johnson, K. P. (2021). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. PMID 32979270.
Zhang, Y.; Rasnitsyn, A. P.; Zhang, W.; Song, F.; Shih, C.; Ren, D.; Wang, Y.; Li, H.; Gao, T. (2024). "Stem chewing lice on Cretaceous feathers preserved in amber". Current Biology. 34 (4): 916–922.e1. Bibcode:2024CBio...34E.916Z. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.027. PMID 38320551.
de Moya, Robert S; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Walden, Kimberly K O; Sweet, Andrew D; Dietrich, Christopher H; Kevin P, Johnson (2021-06-16). Buckley, Thomas (ed.). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 32979270. Archived from the original on 2022-03-18. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
Light JE, Smith VS, Allen JM, Durden LA, Reed DL (September 2010). "Evolutionary history of mammalian sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (1): 292. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..292L. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-292. PMC 2949877. PMID 20860811.
Wappler T, Smith VS, Dalgleish RC (August 2004). "Scratching an ancient itch: an Eocene bird louse fossil". Proceedings. Biological Sciences. 271 Suppl 5 (suppl_5): S255-8. Bibcode:2004PBioS.271.0158W. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0158. PMC 1810061. PMID 15503987.
Johnson, Kevin P.; Matthee, Conrad; Doña, Jorge (2022). "Phylogenomics reveals the origin of mammal lice out of Afrotheria". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 6 (8): 1205–1210. Bibcode:2022NatEE...6.1205J. doi:10.1038/s41559-022-01803-1. hdl:10481/100956. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 35788706.
Mumcuoglu KY (1999). "Prevention and treatment of head lice in children". Paediatric Drugs. 1 (3): 211–8. doi:10.2165/00128072-199901030-00005. PMID 10937452. S2CID 13547569.
Felsõ B, Rózsa L (August 2006). "Reduced taxonomic richness of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in diving birds". The Journal of Parasitology. 92 (4): 867–9. doi:10.1645/ge-849.1. PMID 16995408. S2CID 31000581.
Møller AP, Rózsa L (January 2005). "Parasite biodiversity and host defenses: chewing lice and immune response of their avian hosts". Oecologia. 142 (2): 169–76. Bibcode:2005Oecol.142..169M. doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1735-8. PMID 15503162. S2CID 12992951.
Møller AP, Erritzøe J, Rózsa L (June 2010). "Ectoparasites, uropygial glands and hatching success in birds". Oecologia. 163 (2): 303–11. Bibcode:2010Oecol.163..303M. doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1548-x. PMID 20043177. S2CID 11433594.
Ròzsa L (November 1993). "Speciation patterns of ectoparasites and "straggling" lice". International Journal for Parasitology. 23 (7): 859–64. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90050-9. PMID 8314369.
MacLeod CJ, Paterson AM, Tompkins DM, Duncan RP (April 2010). "Parasites lost - do invaders miss the boat or drown on arrival?". Ecology Letters. 13 (4): 516–27. Bibcode:2010EcolL..13..516M. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01446.x. PMID 20455925.
Kowalski TJ, Agger WA (January 2009). "Art supports new plague science". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 48 (1): 137–8. doi:10.1086/595557. PMID 19067623.
Kirkness EF, Haas BJ, Sun W, Braig HR, Perotti MA, Clark JM, et al. (July 2010). "Genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (27): 12168–73. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10712168K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003379107. PMC 2901460. PMID 20566863.
Pittendrigh BR, Berenbaum MR, Seufferheld MJ, Margam VM, Strycharz JP, Yoon KS, et al. (March 2011). "Simplify, simplify: Lifestyle and compact genome of the body louse provide a unique functional genomics opportunity". Communicative & Integrative Biology. 4 (2): 188–91. doi:10.4161/cib.4.2.14279. PMC 3104575. PMID 21655436.
Reed DL, Light JE, Allen JM, Kirchman JJ (March 2007). "Pair of lice lost or parasites regained: the evolutionary history of anthropoid primate lice". BMC Biology. 5 (7) 7. Bibcode:2007BMCB....5....7R. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-5-7. PMC 1828715. PMID 17343749.
Kittler R, Kayser M, Stoneking M (August 2003). "Molecular evolution of Pediculus humanus and the origin of clothing". Current Biology. 13 (16): 1414–7. Bibcode:2003CBio...13.1414K. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00507-4. PMID 12932325. S2CID 15277254.
Shao R, Zhu XQ, Barker SC, Herd K (2012). "Evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans". Genome Biology and Evolution. 4 (11): 1088–101. doi:10.1093/gbe/evs088. PMC 3514963. PMID 23042553.
Light JE, Allen JM, Long LM, Carter TE, Barrow L, Suren G, et al. (December 2008). "Geographic distributions and origins of human head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) based on mitochondrial data". The Journal of Parasitology. 94 (6): 1275–81. doi:10.1645/GE-1618.1. PMID 18576877. S2CID 9456340.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Light JE, Smith VS, Allen JM, Durden LA, Reed DL (September 2010). "Evolutionary history of mammalian sucking lice (Phthiraptera: Anoplura)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (1): 292. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..292L. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-292. PMC 2949877. PMID 20860811.
Wappler T, Smith VS, Dalgleish RC (August 2004). "Scratching an ancient itch: an Eocene bird louse fossil". Proceedings. Biological Sciences. 271 Suppl 5 (suppl_5): S255-8. Bibcode:2004PBioS.271.0158W. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2003.0158. PMC 1810061. PMID 15503987.
Kirkness EF, Haas BJ, Sun W, Braig HR, Perotti MA, Clark JM, et al. (July 2010). "Genome sequences of the human body louse and its primary endosymbiont provide insights into the permanent parasitic lifestyle". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (27): 12168–73. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10712168K. doi:10.1073/pnas.1003379107. PMC 2901460. PMID 20566863.
Pittendrigh BR, Berenbaum MR, Seufferheld MJ, Margam VM, Strycharz JP, Yoon KS, et al. (March 2011). "Simplify, simplify: Lifestyle and compact genome of the body louse provide a unique functional genomics opportunity". Communicative & Integrative Biology. 4 (2): 188–91. doi:10.4161/cib.4.2.14279. PMC 3104575. PMID 21655436.
Reed DL, Light JE, Allen JM, Kirchman JJ (March 2007). "Pair of lice lost or parasites regained: the evolutionary history of anthropoid primate lice". BMC Biology. 5 (7) 7. Bibcode:2007BMCB....5....7R. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-5-7. PMC 1828715. PMID 17343749.
Shao R, Zhu XQ, Barker SC, Herd K (2012). "Evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans". Genome Biology and Evolution. 4 (11): 1088–101. doi:10.1093/gbe/evs088. PMC 3514963. PMID 23042553.

oed.com (Global: 743^rd place; English: 419^th place)

"Woodlouse". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; English: 233^rd place)

academic.oup.com

de Moya, Robert S; Yoshizawa, Kazunori; Walden, Kimberly K O; Sweet, Andrew D; Dietrich, Christopher H; Kevin P, Johnson (2021-06-16). Buckley, Thomas (ed.). "Phylogenomics of Parasitic and Nonparasitic Lice (Insecta: Psocodea): Combining Sequence Data and Exploring Compositional Bias Solutions in Next Generation Data Sets". Systematic Biology. 70 (4): 719–738. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa075. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 32979270. Archived from the original on 2022-03-18. Retrieved 2021-11-02.

phthiraptera.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

Price, R. D.; Hellenthal, R. A.; Palma, R. L.; Johnson, K. P.; Clayton, D. H. (2003). The Chewing Lice: World Checklist and Biological Overview (PDF). Special Publication 24. Illinois Natural History Survey. pp. 1–301. ISBN 1-882932-08-0. OCLC 52538131.^{[dead link]}
Smith V. "Phthiraptera.info". International Society of Phthirapterists. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
Smith V. "Phthiraptera: Summary". Phthiraptera.info. Retrieved 25 October 2015.^{[permanent dead link]}

psu.edu (Global: 299^th place; English: 159^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Rékási J, Rozsa L, Kiss BJ (1997). "Patterns in the distribution of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (2): 150–156. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.506.730. doi:10.2307/3677308. JSTOR 3677308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-14. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)

rannala.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Brown CR, Brown MB, Rannala B (1995). "Ectoparasites reduce long-term survivorship of their avian host" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 262 (1365): 313–319. doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0211. S2CID 13869042. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2010-08-14.

royalsociety.org (Global: 1,939^th place; English: 1,533^rd place)

prints.royalsociety.org

Hooke R. "Microscopic view of a louse". The Royal Society. Archived from the original on 24 November 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

royensoc.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Phthiraptera". Royal Entomological Society. Retrieved December 22, 2025. Although nearly all bird species have lice, some mammalian groups have none, and these include monotremes, bats and whales [Cetaceans]. ... one might assume that marine mammals [Cetaceans and Sirenians] would be safe from lice because of the frequent immersion in sea-water.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Banks JC, Paterson AM (2004). "A penguin-chewing louse (Insecta : Phthiraptera) phylogeny derived from morphology". Invertebrate Systematics. 18 (1): 89–100. doi:10.1071/IS03022. S2CID 53516244.
Mumcuoglu KY (1999). "Prevention and treatment of head lice in children". Paediatric Drugs. 1 (3): 211–8. doi:10.2165/00128072-199901030-00005. PMID 10937452. S2CID 13547569.
Felsõ B, Rózsa L (August 2006). "Reduced taxonomic richness of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) in diving birds". The Journal of Parasitology. 92 (4): 867–9. doi:10.1645/ge-849.1. PMID 16995408. S2CID 31000581.
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zoologia.hu (Global: low place; English: low place)

Rózsa (1997). "Patterns in the abundance of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (3): 249–254. doi:10.2307/3676976. JSTOR 3676976. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Rékási J, Rozsa L, Kiss BJ (1997). "Patterns in the distribution of avian lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera)" (PDF). Journal of Avian Biology. 28 (2): 150–156. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.506.730. doi:10.2307/3677308. JSTOR 3677308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-18. Retrieved 2010-08-14. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Felső B, Rózsa L (2007). "Diving behaviour reduces genera richness of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) of mammals" (PDF). Acta Parasitologica. 52: 82–85. doi:10.2478/s11686-007-0006-3. S2CID 38683871. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Rózsa L, Rékási J, Reiczigel J (1996). "Relationship of host coloniality to the population ecology of avian lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera)" (PDF). Journal of Animal Ecology. 65 (2): 242–248. Bibcode:1996JAnEc..65..242R. doi:10.2307/5727. JSTOR 5727. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2010-08-14.

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