M. C. Escher (English Wikipedia)

Pólya, G. (1924). "Über die Analogie der Kristallsymmetrie in der Ebene". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (in German). 60 (1–6): 278–282. doi:10.1524/zkri.1924.60.1.278. S2CID 102174323.
Haag, Friedrich (1911). "Die regelmäßigen Planteilungen". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (in German). 49 (1–6): 360–369. doi:10.1524/zkri.1911.49.1.360. S2CID 100640309.
Penrose, L.S.; Penrose, R. (1958). "Impossible objects: A special type of visual illusion". British Journal of Psychology. 49 (1): 31–33. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1958.tb00634.x. PMID 13536303.
Kirousis, Lefteris M.; Papadimitriou, Christos H. (1985). "The complexity of recognizing polyhedral scenes". 26th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (SFCS 1985). pp. 175–185. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.100.4844. doi:10.1109/sfcs.1985.59. ISBN 978-0-8186-0644-1. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Cooper, Martin (2008). "Tractability of Drawing Interpretation". Inequality, Polarization and Poverty. Springer-Verlag. pp. 217–230. doi:10.1007/978-1-84800-229-6_9. ISBN 978-1-84800-229-6.
Coxeter, H. S. M. (1985). "A special book review: M. C. Escher: His life and complete graphic work". The Mathematical Intelligencer. 7 (1): 59–69. doi:10.1007/BF03023010. S2CID 189887063.

dulwichpicturegallery.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Amazing World of M.C. Escher". Dulwich Picture Gallery. Archived from the original on 1 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.

escherinhetpaleis.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"About M.C. Escher". Escher in het Paleis. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
"Timeline". Escher in het Paleis. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
"Giovanni Battista Piranesi". Escher in het Paleis. 14 November 2020. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2022.

gallery.ca (Global: low place; English: 6,114^th place)

"Möbius Strip II, February 1963". Collections. National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 19 July 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015. which cites Escher, M. C. (2001). M. C. Escher, the Graphic Work. Taschen.
"Collections: M.C. Escher". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 1 August 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"Exhibitions: M.C. Escher: The Mathemagician". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

"M.C. Escher – Creating The "Snakes" Woodcut". YouTube. 16 February 2013. Archived from the original on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2015.

huistenbosch.co.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"M. C. Escher" (in Japanese). Huis Ten Bosch Museum, Nagasaki. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.

imj.org.il (Global: low place; English: low place)

"May 2013 (newsletter)". Israel Museum Jerusalem. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2015.

italytravellerguide.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Escher. Santa Caterina Complex". Italy Traveller Guide. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.

johncoulthart.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Coulthart, John (7 February 2013). "MC Escher album covers". Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2015.

kunstmuseum.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Escher". www.kunstmuseum.nl. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
"Escher – Other World | Kunstmuseum Den Haag". www.kunstmuseum.nl. 7 December 2022. Archived from the original on 13 November 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2025.

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

latimesblogs.latimes.com

"Top-attended museum show of 2011 is a surprise; also L.A. numbers". Los Angeles Times. 26 March 2013. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2015. The exhibition was ranked No. 1 based on daily visitors. It saw 9,677 visitors a day, according to the Art Newspaper.

mcescher.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Snakes". M. C. Escher. Archived from the original on 14 November 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
"The Official M.C. Escher Website – Biography". Archived from the original on 2 July 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
"Copyrights&Licensing". M.C. Escher. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
"M.C. Escher Foundation". M.C. Escher. Archived from the original on 7 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.

mostraescher.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Mostra Escher Milano". Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2016.

nationalgalleries.org (Global: low place; English: 7,775^th place)

"The Amazing World of M.C. Escher". National Galleries Scotland. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.

nga.gov (Global: 3,083^rd place; English: 2,589^th place)

"M.C. Escher — Life and Work". The Collection, National Gallery of Art. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Archived from the original on 10 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015. Escher and the interior of his studio in Rome are reflected in the mirrored sphere that he holds in his hand. Escher's preoccupation with mirrored reflections and visual illusion belongs to a tradition of northern European art established in the fifteenth century. [Slide 11]
"Tour: M.C. Escher — Life and Work". National Gallery of Art. Archived from the original on 23 December 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"Hand with Reflecting Sphere, 1935". The Collection, National Gallery of Art. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Penrose, L.S.; Penrose, R. (1958). "Impossible objects: A special type of visual illusion". British Journal of Psychology. 49 (1): 31–33. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1958.tb00634.x. PMID 13536303.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

wordplay.blogs.nytimes.com

"Ignited by Martin Gardner, Ian Stewart Continues to Illuminate". The New York Times. 27 October 2014. Archived from the original on 21 January 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2016. It was Martin Gardner who was instrumental in spreading the awareness and understanding of Escher's work

nytimes.com

"M.C. Escher: An Artist for the Web". The New York Times. 28 September 2000. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

archive.nytimes.com

Mirapaul, Matthew (22 August 1996). "Escher Sketches: Infinity Tucked on a CD-ROM". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 November 2025.

olivet.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

web.olivet.edu

Hathaway, Dale K. (17 November 2015). "Maurits Cornelis Escher (1898–1972)". Olivet Nazarene University. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.

psu.edu (Global: 299^th place; English: 159^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Kirousis, Lefteris M.; Papadimitriou, Christos H. (1985). "The complexity of recognizing polyhedral scenes". 26th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (SFCS 1985). pp. 175–185. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.100.4844. doi:10.1109/sfcs.1985.59. ISBN 978-0-8186-0644-1. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)

pulitzer.org (Global: 2,308^th place; English: 1,419^th place)

"The Prizes". Pulitzer. 1980. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2021.

rkd.nl (Global: 626^th place; English: 2,039^th place)

M.C. Escher Archived 8 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Netherlands Institute for Art History, 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.

rogerebert.com (Global: 287^th place; English: 186^th place)

Seitz, Matt (10 February 2021). "M.C. Escher: Journey to Infinity movie review (2021) | Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on 23 January 2026. Retrieved 3 January 2026.

scotsman.com (Global: 502^nd place; English: 274^th place)

Mansfield, Susan (28 June 2015). "Escher, the master of impossible art". The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Pólya, G. (1924). "Über die Analogie der Kristallsymmetrie in der Ebene". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (in German). 60 (1–6): 278–282. doi:10.1524/zkri.1924.60.1.278. S2CID 102174323.
Haag, Friedrich (1911). "Die regelmäßigen Planteilungen". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (in German). 49 (1–6): 360–369. doi:10.1524/zkri.1911.49.1.360. S2CID 100640309.
Coxeter, H. S. M. (1985). "A special book review: M. C. Escher: His life and complete graphic work". The Mathematical Intelligencer. 7 (1): 59–69. doi:10.1007/BF03023010. S2CID 189887063.

st-and.ac.uk (Global: 4,765^th place; English: 5,091^st place)

www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (May 2000). "Maurits Cornelius Escher". Biographies. University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015. which cites Strauss, S. (9 May 1996). "M C Escher". The Globe and Mail.

st-andrews.ac.uk (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 1,274^th place)

mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk

O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. "Maurits Cornelius Escher". MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive. University of St Andrews. which cites Schattschneider, D. (1994). "Escher: A mathematician in spite of himself". In Guy, R. K.; Woodrow, R. E. (eds.). The Lighter Side of Mathematics. Washington: The Mathematical Association of America. pp. 91–100.

tess-elation.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Bailey, David. "M. C. Escher Miscellany". Archived from the original on 8 May 2017.

theartnewspaper.com (Global: 3,085^th place; English: 1,915^th place)

Marcus, J. S. (11 March 2022). "M.C. Escher's illusionist art has long been ignored by the establishment due to its mass appeal. A Houston show hopes to correct that". The Art Newspaper. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2022. the art world proper has [been] inclined to regard Escher, whose finished prints share formal qualities with Surrealism and Op art, as somewhat derivative or merely decorative.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

Poole, Steven (20 June 2015). "The impossible world of MC Escher". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.

theparisreview.org (Global: 4,341^st place; English: 2,564^th place)

McStay, Chantal (15 August 2014). "Oneiric Architecture and Opium". The Paris Review. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

vorstelijkbaarn.nl (Global: low place; English: low place)

M.C. Escher Archived 28 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Vorstelijk Baarn. Retrieved 6 November 2015.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Escher" Archived 26 January 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
"Chronology". World of Escher. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
"About M.C. Escher". Escher in het Paleis. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (May 2000). "Maurits Cornelius Escher". Biographies. University of St Andrews. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015. which cites Strauss, S. (9 May 1996). "M C Escher". The Globe and Mail.
Hathaway, Dale K. (17 November 2015). "Maurits Cornelis Escher (1898–1972)". Olivet Nazarene University. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
"Timeline". Escher in het Paleis. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
"Snakes". M. C. Escher. Archived from the original on 14 November 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
M.C. Escher Archived 8 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Netherlands Institute for Art History, 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
M.C. Escher Archived 28 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine, Vorstelijk Baarn. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
Mansfield, Susan (28 June 2015). "Escher, the master of impossible art". The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
"M.C. Escher — Life and Work". The Collection, National Gallery of Art. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Archived from the original on 10 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015. Escher and the interior of his studio in Rome are reflected in the mirrored sphere that he holds in his hand. Escher's preoccupation with mirrored reflections and visual illusion belongs to a tradition of northern European art established in the fifteenth century. [Slide 11]
Altdorfer, John. "Inside A Fantastical Mind". Carnegie Museums. Archived from the original on 6 July 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
McStay, Chantal (15 August 2014). "Oneiric Architecture and Opium". The Paris Review. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
"Giovanni Battista Piranesi". Escher in het Paleis. 14 November 2020. Archived from the original on 9 February 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
Marcus, J. S. (11 March 2022). "M.C. Escher's illusionist art has long been ignored by the establishment due to its mass appeal. A Houston show hopes to correct that". The Art Newspaper. Archived from the original on 7 August 2022. Retrieved 7 August 2022. the art world proper has [been] inclined to regard Escher, whose finished prints share formal qualities with Surrealism and Op art, as somewhat derivative or merely decorative.
Schattschneider, Doris (June–July 2010). "The Mathematical Side of M. C. Escher" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 57 (6): 706–18. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
Poole, Steven (20 June 2015). "The impossible world of MC Escher". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
"The Official M.C. Escher Website – Biography". Archived from the original on 2 July 2013. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
"Möbius Strip II, February 1963". Collections. National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 19 July 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015. which cites Escher, M. C. (2001). M. C. Escher, the Graphic Work. Taschen.
Malkevitch, Joseph. "Mathematics and Art. 4. Mathematical artists and artist mathematicians". American Mathematical Society. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
"Copyrights&Licensing". M.C. Escher. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
"M.C. Escher Foundation". M.C. Escher. Archived from the original on 7 November 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
"Escher". www.kunstmuseum.nl. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
"Tour: M.C. Escher — Life and Work". National Gallery of Art. Archived from the original on 23 December 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"Collections: M.C. Escher". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 1 August 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"May 2013 (newsletter)". Israel Museum Jerusalem. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"M. C. Escher" (in Japanese). Huis Ten Bosch Museum, Nagasaki. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
"The Amazing World of M.C. Escher". Dulwich Picture Gallery. Archived from the original on 1 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
"Exhibition of works by Dutch graphic artist M.C. Escher opens at Soestdijk Palace in Baarn". Artdaily. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
"The Amazing World of M.C. Escher". National Galleries Scotland. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
"Escher. Santa Caterina Complex". Italy Traveller Guide. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
"Top-attended museum show of 2011 is a surprise; also L.A. numbers". Los Angeles Times. 26 March 2013. Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2015. The exhibition was ranked No. 1 based on daily visitors. It saw 9,677 visitors a day, according to the Art Newspaper.
"Hand with Reflecting Sphere, 1935". The Collection, National Gallery of Art. National Gallery of Art, Washington. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
"Mostra Escher Milano". Archived from the original on 10 December 2024. Retrieved 3 July 2016.
"Chiostro del Bramante, Rome". Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
"Exhibitions: M.C. Escher: The Mathemagician". National Gallery of Canada. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
"Escher – Other World | Kunstmuseum Den Haag". www.kunstmuseum.nl. 7 December 2022. Archived from the original on 13 November 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2025.
"The Prizes". Pulitzer. 1980. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
"Ignited by Martin Gardner, Ian Stewart Continues to Illuminate". The New York Times. 27 October 2014. Archived from the original on 21 January 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2016. It was Martin Gardner who was instrumental in spreading the awareness and understanding of Escher's work
Coulthart, John (7 February 2013). "MC Escher album covers". Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
Bailey, David. "M. C. Escher Miscellany". Archived from the original on 8 May 2017.
"M.C. Escher: An Artist for the Web". The New York Times. 28 September 2000. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
Seitz, Matt (10 February 2021). "M.C. Escher: Journey to Infinity movie review (2021) | Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on 23 January 2026. Retrieved 3 January 2026.

worldofescher.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Chronology". World of Escher. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 1 November 2015.

youtube.com (Global: 13^th place; English: 14^th place)

"M.C. Escher – Creating The "Snakes" Woodcut". YouTube. 16 February 2013. Archived from the original on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2015.

zeitgeistfilms.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"M.C. Escher: Journey to Infinity :: Zeitgeist Films". zeitgeistfilms.com. zeitgeist. Retrieved 3 January 2026.

zenodo.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 426^th place)

Haag, Friedrich (1911). "Die regelmäßigen Planteilungen". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie (in German). 49 (1–6): 360–369. doi:10.1524/zkri.1911.49.1.360. S2CID 100640309.

M. C. Escher (English Wikipedia)

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