MP3 (English Wikipedia)

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dl.acm.org

Patel K, Smith BC, Rowe LA (1 September 1993). "Performance of a software MPEG video decoder". Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia - MULTIMEDIA '93. ACM Multimedia. New York City: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 75–82. doi:10.1145/166266.166274. ISBN 978-0-89791-596-0. S2CID 3773268. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021. Reference 3 in the paper is to Committee Draft of Standard ISO/IEC 11172, December 6, 1991.

aes.org

Brandenburg, Karlheinz; Seitzer, Dieter (3–6 November 1988). OCF: Coding High Quality Audio with Data Rates of 64 kbit/s. 85th Convention of Audio Engineering Society. Archived from the original on 4 June 2008. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
"Aspec-Adaptive Spectral Entropy Coding of High Quality Music Signals". AES E-Library. 1991. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
Brandenburg, Karlheinz; Bosi, Marina (February 1997). "Overview of MPEG Audio: Current and Future Standards for Low-Bit-Rate Audio Coding". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. 45 (1/2): 4–21. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 30 June 2008.

aip.org

asa.aip.org

Zwicker, Eberhard; Feldtkeller, Richard (1999) [1967]. Das Ohr als Nachrichtenempfänger [The Ear as a Communication Receiver]. Trans. by Hannes Müsch, Søren Buus, and Mary Florentine. Archived from the original on 14 September 2000. Retrieved 29 June 2008.

americanradiohistory.com

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archive.org

Zwicker, Eberhard (1974). "On a Psychoacoustical Equivalent of Tuning Curves". Facts and Models in Hearing. Communication and Cybernetics. Vol. 8. pp. 132–141. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65902-7_19. ISBN 978-3-642-65904-1.
"About Internet Underground Music Archive".

arxiv.org

Jean-Marc Valin; Gregory Maxwell; Timothy B. Terriberry; Koen Vos (October 2013). High-Quality, Low-Delay Music Coding in the Opus Codec. 135th AES Convention. arXiv:1602.04845. Its CBR produces packets with exactly the size the encoder requested, without a bit reservoir to imposes additional buffering delays, as found in codecs such as MP3 or AAC-LD. [...] [Tonal noise] is most noticeable in low-bitrate MP3s.

bakerbotts.com

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bbc.co.uk

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"Microsoft faces $1.5bn MP3 payout". BBC News. 22 February 2007. Archived from the original on 2 November 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2008.

berkeley.edu

bmrc.berkeley.edu

"The MPEG-FAQ, Version 3.1". 14 May 1994. Archived from the original on 23 July 2009.

bloomberg.com

Ewing, Jack (5 March 2007). "How MP3 Was Born". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on 15 March 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2007.

books.google.com

Schroeder, Manfred R. (2014). "Bell Laboratories". Acoustics, Information, and Communication: Memorial Volume in Honor of Manfred R. Schroeder. Springer. p. 388. ISBN 978-3-319-05660-9.
Jonathan Sterne (17 July 2012). MP3: The Meaning of a Format. Duke University Press. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-8223-5287-7.
Pop Idols and Pirates: Mechanisms of Consumption and the Global Circulation of Popular Music by Charles Fairchild. Archived 15 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine.
Woon-Seng Gan; Sen-Maw Kuo (2007). Embedded signal processing with the Micro Signal Architecture. Wiley-IEEE Press. p. 382. ISBN 978-0-471-73841-1. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2020.

britischebotschaft.de

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businesswire.com

"Happy Birthday MP3!". Fraunhofer IIS. 12 July 2005. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
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chiariglione.org

mpeg.chiariglione.org

ISO (November 1991). "MPEG Press Release, Kurihama, November 1991". ISO. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
ISO (6 November 1992). "MPEG Press Release, London, 6 November 1992". Chiariglione. Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
ISO (October 1998). "MPEG Audio FAQ Version 9 – MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 BC". ISO. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
"Status report of ISO MPEG" (Press release). International Organization for Standardization. September 1990. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010.
MPEG (25 March 1994). "Approved at 26th meeting (Paris)". Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
MPEG (11 November 1994). "Approved at 29th meeting". Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
"Adopted at 22nd WG11 meeting" (Press release). International Organization for Standardization. 2 April 1993. Archived from the original on 6 August 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
ISO MPEG Audio Subgroup. "MPEG Audio FAQ Version 9: MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 BC". Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2009.

chillingeffects.org

"Early MP3 Patent Enforcement". Chilling Effects Clearinghouse. 1 September 1998. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 24 July 2007.

cnet.com

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Ogg, Erica (7 September 2006). "SanDisk MP3 seizure order overturned". CNET News. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2007.
"Microsoft wins reversal of MP3 patent decision". CNET. 6 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2010.

cnet.com

"Sony NW-E105 Network Walkman". Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2020.

colorado.edu

ecee.colorado.edu

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cybernews.com

Vainilavičius, Justinas (15 November 2023). "Winamp is back after revamp; nostalgia-inducing looks intact". cybernews. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.

dailydot.com

kernelmag.dailydot.com

"The ghosts in the mp3". The Kernel. 15 March 2015. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2015.

datavoyage.com

Supurovic, Predrag (22 December 1999). "MPEG Audio Frame Header". Archived from the original on 7 September 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2009.

die.net

linux.die.net

"lame(1): create mp3 audio files - Linux man page". linux.die.net. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 22 August 2020.

doi.org

M. Nilsson (November 2000). The audio/mpeg Media Type. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3003. RFC 3003. Proposed Standard.
S. Casner; P. Hoschka (July 2003). MIME Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3555. RFC 3555. Obsolete. Obsoleted by RFC 4855 and 4856. Updated by RFC 3625 and 4629.
R. Finlayson (February 2008). A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5219. RFC 5219. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3119.
Patel K, Smith BC, Rowe LA (1 September 1993). "Performance of a software MPEG video decoder". Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia - MULTIMEDIA '93. ACM Multimedia. New York City: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 75–82. doi:10.1145/166266.166274. ISBN 978-0-89791-596-0. S2CID 3773268. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021. Reference 3 in the paper is to Committee Draft of Standard ISO/IEC 11172, December 6, 1991.
Mayer, Alfred Marshall (1894). "Researches in Acoustics". London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine. 37 (226): 259–288. doi:10.1080/14786449408620544. Archived from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
Ehmer, Richard H. (1959). "Masking by Tones Vs Noise Bands". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 31 (9): 1253. Bibcode:1959ASAJ...31.1253E. doi:10.1121/1.1907853.
Zwicker, Eberhard (1974). "On a Psychoacoustical Equivalent of Tuning Curves". Facts and Models in Hearing. Communication and Cybernetics. Vol. 8. pp. 132–141. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65902-7_19. ISBN 978-3-642-65904-1.
Gray, Robert M. (2010). "A History of Realtime Digital Speech on Packet Networks: Part II of Linear Predictive Coding and the Internet Protocol" (PDF). Found. Trends Signal Process. 3 (4): 203–303. doi:10.1561/2000000036. ISSN 1932-8346. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
Atal, B.; Schroeder, M. (1978). "Predictive coding of speech signals and subjective error criteria". ICASSP '78. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Vol. 3. pp. 573–576. doi:10.1109/ICASSP.1978.1170564.
Schroeder, M.R.; Atal, B.S.; Hall, J.L. (December 1979). "Optimizing Digital Speech Coders by Exploiting Masking Properties of the Human Ear". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 66 (6): 1647. Bibcode:1979ASAJ...66.1647S. doi:10.1121/1.383662.
Ahmed, Nasir (January 1991). "How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform". Digital Signal Processing. 1 (1): 4–5. Bibcode:1991DSP.....1....4A. doi:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
Ahmed, Nasir; Natarajan, T.; Rao, K. R. (January 1974), "Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Transactions on Computers, C-23 (1): 90–93, doi:10.1109/T-C.1974.223784, S2CID 149806273
Terhardt, E.; Stoll, G.; Seewann, M. (March 1982). "Algorithm for Extraction of Pitch and Pitch Salience from Complex Tonal Signals". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 71 (3): 679. Bibcode:1982ASAJ...71..679T. doi:10.1121/1.387544.
Johnston, James D. (February 1988). "Transform Coding of Audio Signals Using Perceptual Noise Criteria". IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications. 6 (2): 314–323. doi:10.1109/49.608.
Giesler, Markus (2008). "Conflict and Compromise: Drama in Marketplace Evolution". Journal of Consumer Research. 34 (6): 739–753. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.564.7146. doi:10.1086/522098. S2CID 145796529.
Jayant, Nikil; Johnston, James; Safranek, Robert (October 1993). "Signal Compression Based on Models of Human Perception". Proceedings of the IEEE. 81 (10): 1385–1422. doi:10.1109/5.241504.

dtic.mil

apps.dtic.mil

Krasner, M. A. (18 June 1979). "Digital Encoding of Speech Based on the Perceptual Requirement of the Auditory System (Technical Report 535)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 September 2017.

ebu.ch

tech.ebu.ch

EBU SQAM CD Sound Quality Assessment Material recordings for subjective tests. 7 October 2008. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.

fedoramagazine.org

"Full MP3 support coming soon to Fedora". 5 May 2017. Archived from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2017.

ffii.org

eupat.ffii.org

"Acoustic Data Compression – MP3 Base Patent". Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure. 15 January 2005. Archived from the original on 15 July 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.

fraunhofer.de

iis.fraunhofer.de

"MP3 technology at Fraunhofer IIS". Fraunhofer IIS. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
"MP3 technical details (MPEG-2 and MPEG-2.5)". Fraunhofer IIS. September 2007. Archived from the original on 24 January 2008. "MPEG-2.5" is the name of a proprietary extension developed by Fraunhofer IIS. It enables MP3 to work satisfactorily at very low bitrates and introduces the additional sampling rates 8 kHz, 11.025 kHz and 12 kHz.

freetzi.com

listening-tests.freetzi.com

Amorim, Roberto (3 August 2003). "Results of 128 kbit/s Extension Public Listening Test". Archived from the original on 27 December 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2007.
Mares, Sebastian (December 2005). "Results of the public multiformat listening test @ 128 kbps". Archived from the original on 21 November 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2007.

futureofmusic.org

Rae, Casey. "Metadata and You". Future of Music Coalition. Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2014.

ghostarchive.org

Gray, Robert M. (2010). "A History of Realtime Digital Speech on Packet Networks: Part II of Linear Predictive Coding and the Internet Protocol" (PDF). Found. Trends Signal Process. 3 (4): 203–303. doi:10.1561/2000000036. ISSN 1932-8346. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2019.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Krasner, M. A. (18 June 1979). Digital Encoding of Speech and Audio Signals Based on the Perceptual Requirements of the Auditory System (Thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. hdl:1721.1/16011.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Ehmer, Richard H. (1959). "Masking by Tones Vs Noise Bands". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 31 (9): 1253. Bibcode:1959ASAJ...31.1253E. doi:10.1121/1.1907853.
Schroeder, M.R.; Atal, B.S.; Hall, J.L. (December 1979). "Optimizing Digital Speech Coders by Exploiting Masking Properties of the Human Ear". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 66 (6): 1647. Bibcode:1979ASAJ...66.1647S. doi:10.1121/1.383662.
Ahmed, Nasir (January 1991). "How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform". Digital Signal Processing. 1 (1): 4–5. Bibcode:1991DSP.....1....4A. doi:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
Terhardt, E.; Stoll, G.; Seewann, M. (March 1982). "Algorithm for Extraction of Pitch and Pitch Salience from Complex Tonal Signals". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 71 (3): 679. Bibcode:1982ASAJ...71..679T. doi:10.1121/1.387544.

hydrogenaud.io

Bouvigne, Gabriel (28 November 2006). "freeformat at 640 kbit/s and foobar2000, possibilities?". Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2016.

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"LAME Y switch". Hydrogenaudio Knowledgebase. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 23 March 2015.

ietf.org

datatracker.ietf.org

M. Nilsson (November 2000). The audio/mpeg Media Type. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3003. RFC 3003. Proposed Standard.
S. Casner; P. Hoschka (July 2003). MIME Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3555. RFC 3555. Obsolete. Obsoleted by RFC 4855 and 4856. Updated by RFC 3625 and 4629.
R. Finlayson (February 2008). A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5219. RFC 5219. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3119.

ijoc.org

Technologies of Piracy? - Exploring the Interplay Between Commercialism and Idealism in the Development of MP3 and DivX Archived 19 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine by HENDRIK STORSTEIN SPILKER, SVEIN HÖIER, page 2072

internethistorypodcast.com

"On the 20th Birthday of the MP3, An Interview With The "Father" of the MP3, Karlheinz Brandenburg". Archived from the original on 2 January 2023. Retrieved 2 January 2023.

ipgeek.blogspot.com

"Sisvel brings Patent Wild West into Germany". IPEG blog. 7 September 2006. Archived from the original on 23 May 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2007.

iso.org

"ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993 – Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 3: Audio". ISO. 1993. Archived from the original on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
"ISO/IEC 13818-3:1995 – Information technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information — Part 3: Audio". ISO. 1995. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
ISO. "ISO/IEC TR 11172-5:1998 – Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s – Part 5: Software simulation". Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
"ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993/Cor 1:1996". International Organization for Standardization. 2006. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2009.

standards.iso.org

"ISO/IEC TR 11172-5:1998 – Information technology – Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s – Part 5: Software simulation (Reference Software)" (ZIP). Archived from the original on 30 December 2006. Retrieved 5 August 2010.

jvc.com

resources.jvc.com

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kuro5hin.org

Cogliati, Josh (20 July 2008). "Patent Status of MPEG-1, H.261 and MPEG-2". Kuro5hin. Archived from the original on 16 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2009. This work failed to consider patent divisions and continuations.

law360.com

"Apple, SanDisk Settle Texas MP3 Patent Spat". IP Law360. 26 January 2009. Retrieved 16 August 2010.

loc.gov

MP3 (MPEG Layer III Audio Encoding) (Full draft). Sustainability of Digital Formats. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. 3 May 2017. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
"MP3 (MPEG Layer III Audio Encoding)". The Library of Congress. 27 July 2017. Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.

man.cx

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mp3-history.com

"The mp3 team". Fraunhofer IIS. Archived from the original on 14 July 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.

mp3-tech.org

"ISO/IEC 13818-3:1994(E) – Information Technology — Generic Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio: Audio" (ZIP). 11 November 1994. Archived from the original on 13 June 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
Bouvigne, Gabriel (2003). "MP3 Tech — Limitations". Archived from the original on 7 January 2011.

mp3licensing.com

"mp3licensing.com – Patents". mp3licensing.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2008.

npr.org

"The MP3: A History Of Innovation And Betrayal". NPR. 23 March 2011. Archived from the original on 3 August 2023. Retrieved 3 August 2023.

nytimes.com

Marriott, Michel (30 September 1999). "NEWS WATCH; New Player from Sony Will Give a Nod to MP3". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 3 July 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2020.

oreilly.com

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Dougherty, Dale (1 March 2009). "The Sizzling Sound of Music". O'Reilly Radar. Archived from the original on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009.

osnews.com

"US Patent Expiration for MP3, MPEG-2, H.264". OSNews.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2011.

patents.google.com

"Method and apparatus for encoding digital signals employing bit allocation using combinations of different threshold models to achieve desired bit rates". Archived from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Giesler, Markus (2008). "Conflict and Compromise: Drama in Marketplace Evolution". Journal of Consumer Research. 34 (6): 739–753. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.564.7146. doi:10.1086/522098. S2CID 145796529.

rfc-editor.org

S. Casner; P. Hoschka (July 2003). MIME Type Registration of RTP Payload Formats. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3555. RFC 3555. Obsolete. Obsoleted by RFC 4855 and 4856. Updated by RFC 3625 and 4629.
R. Finlayson (February 2008). A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5219. RFC 5219. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3119.

scribd.com

Ahmed, Nasir (January 1991). "How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform". Digital Signal Processing. 1 (1): 4–5. Bibcode:1991DSP.....1....4A. doi:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z. Archived from the original on 10 June 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2019.

seattlepi.com

Schubert, Ruth (10 February 1999). "Tech-savvy Getting Music For A Song; Industry Frustrated That Internet Makes Free Music Simple". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 22 November 2008.^{[permanent dead link]}

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Patel K, Smith BC, Rowe LA (1 September 1993). "Performance of a software MPEG video decoder". Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia - MULTIMEDIA '93. ACM Multimedia. New York City: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 75–82. doi:10.1145/166266.166274. ISBN 978-0-89791-596-0. S2CID 3773268. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021. Reference 3 in the paper is to Committee Draft of Standard ISO/IEC 11172, December 6, 1991.
Ahmed, Nasir; Natarajan, T.; Rao, K. R. (January 1974), "Discrete Cosine Transform", IEEE Transactions on Computers, C-23 (1): 90–93, doi:10.1109/T-C.1974.223784, S2CID 149806273
Giesler, Markus (2008). "Conflict and Compromise: Drama in Marketplace Evolution". Journal of Consumer Research. 34 (6): 739–753. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.564.7146. doi:10.1086/522098. S2CID 145796529.

sharp.co.uk

"DV-RW250H Operation-Manual GB" (PDF). 2004. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020. • Fast forward and review playback does not work with a MP3/WMA/JPEG-CD.

sisvel.com

"SISVEL's MPEG Audio licensing programme". Archived from the original on 11 February 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
"grants Motorola an MP3 and MPEG 2 audio patent license". SISVEL. 21 December 2005. Archived from the original on 21 January 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
"US MPEG Audio patents" (PDF). Sisvel. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 October 2016. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
"Licensing Programs - Legacy programs". www.sisvel.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.

sony.com

"Sound Quality Comparison of Hi-Res Audio vs. CD vs. MP3". www.sony.com. Sony. Archived from the original on 14 September 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2020.

sourceforge.io

lame.sourceforge.io

Taylor, Mark (June 2000). "LAME Technical FAQ". Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.

sourceforge.net

lame.cvs.sourceforge.net

"Guide to command line options (in CVS)". Archived from the original on 8 April 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2010.

lame.sourceforge.net

"GPSYCHO – Variable Bit Rate". LAME MP3 Encoder. Archived from the original on 22 April 2009. Retrieved 11 July 2009.

stanford.edu

ee.stanford.edu

Gray, Robert M. (2010). "A History of Realtime Digital Speech on Packet Networks: Part II of Linear Predictive Coding and the Internet Protocol" (PDF). Found. Trends Signal Process. 3 (4): 203–303. doi:10.1561/2000000036. ISSN 1932-8346. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2019.

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"Suzanne Vega | Bio". The Official Community of Suzanne Vega. Archived from the original on 18 January 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

technicolor.com

"Intellectual Property & Licensing". Technicolor. Archived from the original on 4 May 2011.

telos-systems.com

Brandenburg, Karlheinz (1999). "MP3 and AAC Explained". Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2014.

theatlantic.com

Mann, Charles C. (September 2000). "The Heavenly Jukebox". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 30 April 2013. To show industries how to use the codec, MPEG cobbled together a free sample program that converted music into MP3 files. The demonstration software created poor-quality sound, and Fraunhofer did not intend that it be used. The software's "source code"—its underlying instructions—was stored on an easily accessible computer at the University of Erlangen, from which it was downloaded by one SoloH, a hacker in the Netherlands (and, one assumes, a Star Wars fan). SoloH revamped the source code to produce software that converted compact-disc tracks into music files of acceptable quality.

thebroadcastbridge.com

https://www.thebroadcastbridge.com/content/entry/20759/standards-part-16-about-mp3-audio-coding-id3-metadata

tunequest.org

"A Big List of MP3 Patents (and supposed expiration dates)". tunequest. 26 February 2007. Archived from the original on 2 March 2007. Retrieved 19 March 2007.

twolame.org

"TwoLAME: MPEG Audio Layer II VBR". Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved 11 July 2009.

unc.edu

cs.unc.edu

Patel, Ketan; Smith, Brian C.; Rowe, Lawrence A. Performance of a Software MPEG Video Decoder (PDF). ACM Multimedia 1993 Conference. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 September 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

uoa.gr

speech.di.uoa.gr

"The Ghost in the MP3" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 June 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.

uscourts.gov

cafc.uscourts.gov

"Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Decision" (PDF). 25 September 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2008.

uspto.gov

image-ppubs.uspto.gov

US Patent No. 5812672

utah.edu

math.utah.edu

Guckert, John (Spring 2012). "The Use of FFT and MDCT in MP3 Audio Compression" (PDF). University of Utah. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2019.

via-corp.com

"AAC Licensors". Via Corp. Archived from the original on 28 June 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2019.

vice.com

"Meet the Musical Clairvoyant Who Finds Ghosts In Your MP3s". NOISEY. 18 March 2015. Archived from the original on 29 April 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.

virginia.edu

news.virginia.edu

"Lost and Found: U.Va. Grad Student Discovers Ghosts in the MP3". UVA Today. 23 February 2015. Archived from the original on 13 June 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.

washington.edu

courses.cs.washington.edu

https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590a/06au/projects/standards-wars.pdf

web.archive.org

"Happy Birthday MP3!". Fraunhofer IIS. 12 July 2005. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
"The mp3 team". Fraunhofer IIS. Archived from the original on 14 July 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
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