Magnet (English Wikipedia)

"Four Great Inventions of Ancient China". Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of South Africa. 2004-12-13. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Vowles, Hugh P. (1932). "Early Evolution of Power Engineering". Isis. 17 (2): 412–420 [419–20]. doi:10.1086/346662. S2CID 143949193.
Li Shu-hua (1954). "Origine de la Boussole II. Aimant et Boussole". Isis. 45 (2): 175–196. doi:10.1086/348315. JSTOR 227361. S2CID 143585290.
Schmidl, Petra G. (1996–1997). "Two Early Arabic Sources On The Magnetic Compass" (PDF). Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies. 1: 81–132. doi:10.5617/jais.4547. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-05-24.
Müller, Karl-Hartmut; Sawatzki, Simon; Gauß, Roland; Gutfleisch, Oliver (2021), "Permanent Magnet Materials and Applications", in Coey, J. M. D.; Parkin, Stuart S.P. (eds.), Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Cham: Springer International Publishing, p. 1391, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63210-6_29, ISBN 978-3-030-63210-6, S2CID 244736617
Boyer, Timothy H. (1988). "The Force on a Magnetic Dipole". American Journal of Physics. 56 (8): 688–692. Bibcode:1988AmJPh..56..688B. doi:10.1119/1.15501.
Schenck JF (2000). "Safety of strong, static magnetic fields". J Magn Reson Imaging. 12 (1): 2–19. doi:10.1002/1522-2586(200007)12:1<2::AID-JMRI2>3.0.CO;2-V. PMID 10931560. S2CID 19976829.
Oestreich AE (2008). "Worldwide survey of damage from swallowing multiple magnets". Pediatr Radiol. 39 (2): 142–7. doi:10.1007/s00247-008-1059-7. PMID 19020871. S2CID 21306900.
Della Torre, E.; Bennett, L.; Watson, R. (2005). "Extension of the Bloch T^3/2 Law to Magnetic Nanostructures: Bose-Einstein Condensation". Physical Review Letters. 94 (14) 147210. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..94n7210D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.147210. PMID 15904108.
Beeson, Willie B.; Bhattacharya, Dhritiman; Bista, Dinesh; Fugetta, Bradley J.; Yin, Gen; Liu, Kai (2025-12-23). "C16 Phase High Entropy Borides With High Magnetic Anisotropy". Advanced Materials. doi:10.1002/adma.202516135. ISSN 0935-9648.
Keller, Thomas; Baker, Ian (2022-02-01). "Manganese-based permanent magnet materials". Progress in Materials Science. 124 100872. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100872. ISSN 0079-6425.
David Vokoun; Marco Beleggia; Ludek Heller; Petr Sittner (2009). "Magnetostatic interactions and forces between cylindrical permanent magnets". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 321 (22): 3758–3763. Bibcode:2009JMMM..321.3758V. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.07.030. hdl:11380/1255408.

duramag.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Magnetic Pull Force Explained - What is Magnet Pull Force? | Dura Magnetics USA". 19 October 2016. Retrieved 2020-01-20.

edisontechcenter.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Joseph Henry – Engineering Hall of Fame". Edison Tech Center. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

energy.gov (Global: 2,792^nd place; English: 1,703^rd place)

arpa-e.energy.gov

"Research Funding for Rare Earth Free Permanent Magnets". ARPA-E. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.

exploratorium.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Snacks about magnetism". The Exploratorium Science Snacks. Exploratorium. Archived from the original on 7 April 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2013.

freepatentsonline.com (Global: 7,823^rd place; English: 5,787^th place)

"Nanostructured Mn-Al Permanent Magnets (patent)". Retrieved 18 Feb 2017.

fsu.edu (Global: 2,949^th place; English: 1,945^th place)

magnet.fsu.edu

"Electromagnetic deflection in a cathode ray tube, I". National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2011.

gsu.edu (Global: 2,981^st place; English: 3,158^th place)

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu

Nave, Carl R. (2010). "Bar Magnet". Hyperphysics. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State Univ. Archived from the original on 2011-04-08. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
Nave, Carl R. "Bar Magnet". HyperPhysics. Georgia State University. Retrieved 2026-05-23.

hackaday.com (Global: low place; English: 7,931^st place)

By (2022-09-01). "Iron Nitrides: Powerful Magnets Without The Rare Earth Elements". Hackaday. Retrieved 2023-11-08.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

David Vokoun; Marco Beleggia; Ludek Heller; Petr Sittner (2009). "Magnetostatic interactions and forces between cylindrical permanent magnets". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 321 (22): 3758–3763. Bibcode:2009JMMM..321.3758V. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2009.07.030. hdl:11380/1255408.

howstuffworks.com (Global: 1,354^th place; English: 958^th place)

money.howstuffworks.com

"The stripe on a credit card". How Stuff Works. 27 November 2006. Archived from the original on 2011-06-24. Retrieved 19 July 2011.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Li Shu-hua (1954). "Origine de la Boussole II. Aimant et Boussole". Isis. 45 (2): 175–196. doi:10.1086/348315. JSTOR 227361. S2CID 143585290.

kjmagnetics.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"How Much Will a Magnet Hold?". www.kjmagnetics.com. Retrieved 2020-01-20.

lakeshore.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Units for Magnetic Properties" (PDF). Lake Shore Cryotronics. Retrieved 2026-05-23.

lancs.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,918^th place)

Schmidl, Petra G. (1996–1997). "Two Early Arabic Sources On The Magnetic Compass" (PDF). Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies. 1: 81–132. doi:10.5617/jais.4547. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-05-24.

languagehat.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

The location of Magnesia is debated; it could be the region in mainland Greece or Magnesia ad Sipylum. See, for example, "Magnet". Language Hat blog. 28 May 2005. Archived from the original on 19 May 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2013.

livescience.com (Global: 1,726^th place; English: 1,417^th place)

Mice levitated in NASA lab Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Livescience.com (2009-09-09). Retrieved on 2011-10-08.

magneticmicrosphere.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Units for Magnetic Properties" (PDF). Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2012-11-05.

magnetsales.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Frequently Asked Questions Archived 2008-03-12 at the Wayback Machine. Magnet sales & Mfct Co Inc. Retrieved on 2011-10-08.

mdpi.com (Global: 1,887^th place; English: 3,593^rd place)

"An Overview of MnAl Permanent Magnets with a Study on Their Potential in Electrical Machines".

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schenck JF (2000). "Safety of strong, static magnetic fields". J Magn Reson Imaging. 12 (1): 2–19. doi:10.1002/1522-2586(200007)12:1<2::AID-JMRI2>3.0.CO;2-V. PMID 10931560. S2CID 19976829.
Oestreich AE (2008). "Worldwide survey of damage from swallowing multiple magnets". Pediatr Radiol. 39 (2): 142–7. doi:10.1007/s00247-008-1059-7. PMID 19020871. S2CID 21306900.
Della Torre, E.; Bennett, L.; Watson, R. (2005). "Extension of the Bloch T^3/2 Law to Magnetic Nanostructures: Bose-Einstein Condensation". Physical Review Letters. 94 (14) 147210. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..94n7210D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.147210. PMID 15904108.

ou.edu (Global: 5,903^rd place; English: 3,538^th place)

geophysics.ou.edu

"Basic Relationships". Geophysics.ou.edu. Archived from the original on 2010-07-09. Retrieved 2009-10-19.

pasco.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Right Hand Rule". PASCO scientific. 2024-08-01.

phareselectronics.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ferromagnetic Materials". Phares Electronics. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.

powderprocess.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Neodymium Magnets: Strength, design for tramp metal removal". Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2016-12-05. Source on magnets in process industries

riken.jp (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Press release: Fridge magnet transformed". Riken. March 11, 2011. Archived from the original on August 7, 2017.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Vowles, Hugh P. (1932). "Early Evolution of Power Engineering". Isis. 17 (2): 412–420 [419–20]. doi:10.1086/346662. S2CID 143949193.
Li Shu-hua (1954). "Origine de la Boussole II. Aimant et Boussole". Isis. 45 (2): 175–196. doi:10.1086/348315. JSTOR 227361. S2CID 143585290.
Müller, Karl-Hartmut; Sawatzki, Simon; Gauß, Roland; Gutfleisch, Oliver (2021), "Permanent Magnet Materials and Applications", in Coey, J. M. D.; Parkin, Stuart S.P. (eds.), Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Cham: Springer International Publishing, p. 1391, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63210-6_29, ISBN 978-3-030-63210-6, S2CID 244736617
Schenck JF (2000). "Safety of strong, static magnetic fields". J Magn Reson Imaging. 12 (1): 2–19. doi:10.1002/1522-2586(200007)12:1<2::AID-JMRI2>3.0.CO;2-V. PMID 10931560. S2CID 19976829.
Oestreich AE (2008). "Worldwide survey of damage from swallowing multiple magnets". Pediatr Radiol. 39 (2): 142–7. doi:10.1007/s00247-008-1059-7. PMID 19020871. S2CID 21306900.

spacedaily.com (Global: 8,383^rd place; English: 7,001^st place)

"Nanomagnets Bend The Rules". Archived from the original on December 7, 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2005.

surrey.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,432^nd place)

info.ee.surrey.ac.uk

"The force produced by a magnetic field". Archived from the original on 2010-03-17. Retrieved 2010-03-09.

tcd.ie (Global: 4,927^th place; English: 3,031^st place)

"The Seven Magnetic Moments - Modern Magnets". Trinity College Dublin. Retrieved January 8, 2023.

tri-c.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

instruct.tri-c.edu

"Magnetic Fields and Forces". Archived from the original on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2009-12-24.

tufts.edu (Global: 192^nd place; English: 165^th place)

perseus.tufts.edu

Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, BOOK XXXIV. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF METALS., CHAP. 42.—THE METAL CALLED LIVE IRON Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine. Perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved on 2011-05-17.

virginia.edu (Global: 1,203^rd place; English: 734^th place)

galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edu

Fowler, Michael (1997). "Historical Beginnings of Theories of Electricity and Magnetism". Archived from the original on 2008-03-15. Retrieved 2008-04-02.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Platonis Opera Archived 2018-01-14 at the Wayback Machine, Meyer and Zeller, 1839, p. 989.
The location of Magnesia is debated; it could be the region in mainland Greece or Magnesia ad Sipylum. See, for example, "Magnet". Language Hat blog. 28 May 2005. Archived from the original on 19 May 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
Fowler, Michael (1997). "Historical Beginnings of Theories of Electricity and Magnetism". Archived from the original on 2008-03-15. Retrieved 2008-04-02.
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, BOOK XXXIV. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF METALS., CHAP. 42.—THE METAL CALLED LIVE IRON Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine. Perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved on 2011-05-17.
Schmidl, Petra G. (1996–1997). "Two Early Arabic Sources On The Magnetic Compass" (PDF). Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies. 1: 81–132. doi:10.5617/jais.4547. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-05-24.
"Units for Magnetic Properties" (PDF). Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2012-11-05.
Saslow, Wayne M. (2002). Electricity, Magnetism, and Light (3rd ed.). Academic Press. p. 426. ISBN 978-0-12-619455-5. Archived from the original on 2014-06-27.
Serway, Raymond A.; Chris Vuille (2006). Essentials of college physics. USA: Cengage Learning. p. 493. ISBN 0-495-10619-4. Archived from the original on 2013-06-04.
Emiliani, Cesare (1992). Planet Earth: Cosmology, Geology, and the Evolution of Life and Environment. UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 228. ISBN 0-521-40949-7. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
Manners, Joy (2000). Static Fields and Potentials. USA: CRC Press. p. 148. ISBN 0-7503-0718-8. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
Nave, Carl R. (2010). "Bar Magnet". Hyperphysics. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State Univ. Archived from the original on 2011-04-08. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
Mice levitated in NASA lab Archived 2011-02-09 at the Wayback Machine. Livescience.com (2009-09-09). Retrieved on 2011-10-08.
"The stripe on a credit card". How Stuff Works. 27 November 2006. Archived from the original on 2011-06-24. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
"Electromagnetic deflection in a cathode ray tube, I". National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
"Snacks about magnetism". The Exploratorium Science Snacks. Exploratorium. Archived from the original on 7 April 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2013.
"Neodymium Magnets: Strength, design for tramp metal removal". Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2016-12-05. Source on magnets in process industries
"Ferromagnetic Materials". Phares Electronics. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2015.
Brady, George Stuart; Henry R. Clauser; John A. Vaccari (2002). Materials Handbook: An Encyclopedia for Managers. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 577. ISBN 0-07-136076-X. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
"Press release: Fridge magnet transformed". Riken. March 11, 2011. Archived from the original on August 7, 2017.
"Nanomagnets Bend The Rules". Archived from the original on December 7, 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2005.
"Research Funding for Rare Earth Free Permanent Magnets". ARPA-E. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
Frequently Asked Questions Archived 2008-03-12 at the Wayback Machine. Magnet sales & Mfct Co Inc. Retrieved on 2011-10-08.
Cardarelli, François (2008). Materials Handbook: A Concise Desktop Reference (Second ed.). Springer. p. 493. ISBN 978-1-84628-668-1. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24.
"Basic Relationships". Geophysics.ou.edu. Archived from the original on 2010-07-09. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
"Magnetic Fields and Forces". Archived from the original on 2012-02-20. Retrieved 2009-12-24.
"The force produced by a magnetic field". Archived from the original on 2010-03-17. Retrieved 2010-03-09.

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Beeson, Willie B.; Bhattacharya, Dhritiman; Bista, Dinesh; Fugetta, Bradley J.; Yin, Gen; Liu, Kai (2025-12-23). "C16 Phase High Entropy Borides With High Magnetic Anisotropy". Advanced Materials. doi:10.1002/adma.202516135. ISSN 0935-9648.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Coey, J. M. D. (2009). Magnetism and magnetic materials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-0-511-68515-6. OCLC 664016090.
Griffiths, David J. (1999). Introduction to Electrodynamics (3rd ed.). Prentice Hall. pp. 255–8. ISBN 0-13-805326-X. OCLC 40251748.
Beeson, Willie B.; Bhattacharya, Dhritiman; Bista, Dinesh; Fugetta, Bradley J.; Yin, Gen; Liu, Kai (2025-12-23). "C16 Phase High Entropy Borides With High Magnetic Anisotropy". Advanced Materials. doi:10.1002/adma.202516135. ISSN 0935-9648.
Keller, Thomas; Baker, Ian (2022-02-01). "Manganese-based permanent magnet materials". Progress in Materials Science. 124 100872. doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100872. ISSN 0079-6425.

Magnet (English Wikipedia)

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