Mahatma Gandhi (English Wikipedia)

"Nobel Peace Prize Nominations". American Friends Service Committee. 14 April 2010. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2012.

aicc.org.in

"Satyagraha Laboratories of Mahatma Gandhi". Indian National Congress website. All India Congress Committee. 2004. Archived from the original on 6 December 2006. Retrieved 25 February 2012.

archive.org

Renard, John (1999). Responses to One Hundred and One Questions on Hinduism By John Renard. Paulist Press. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-8091-3845-6. Retrieved 16 August 2020.
Arvind Sharma (2013). Gandhi: A Spiritual Biography. Yale University Press. pp. 11–14. ISBN 978-0-300-18738-0.
Thomas Weber (2004). Gandhi as Disciple and Mentor. Cambridge University Press. pp. 19–25. ISBN 978-1-139-45657-9.
Akbar S. Ahmed (1997). Jinnah, Pakistan and Islamic Identity: The Search for Saladin. Routledge. pp. 57–71. ISBN 978-0-415-14966-2.
Sarkar, Sumit (1983). Modern India: 1885–1947. Macmillan. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-333-90425-1.
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (1940). An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments With Truth (2 ed.). Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House. p. 82. ISBN 0-8070-5909-9. Also available at Wikisource.
Judith Margaret Brown (1991). Gandhi: Prisoner of Hope. Yale University Press. pp. 252–57. ISBN 978-0-300-05125-4.
Khan, Yasmin (2007). The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan. Yale University Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-300-12078-3. Retrieved 1 September 2013. Quote: "the Muslim League had only caught on among South Asian Muslims during the Second World War. ... By the late 1940s, the League and the Congress had impressed in the British their own visions of a free future for Indian people. ... one, articulated by the Congress, rested on the idea of a united, plural India as a home for all Indians and the other, spelt out by the League, rested on the foundation of Muslim nationalism and the carving out of a separate Muslim homeland." (p. 18)
Khan, Yasmin (2007). The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan. Yale University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-300-12078-3. Retrieved 1 September 2013. Quote: "South Asians learned that the British Indian Empire would be partitioned on 3 June 1947. They heard about it on the radio, from relations and friends, by reading newspapers and, later, through government pamphlets. Among a population of almost four hundred million, where the vast majority lived in the countryside, ..., it is hardly surprising that many ... did not hear the news for many weeks afterward. For some, the butchery and forced relocation of the summer months of 1947 may have been the first they know about the creation of the two new states rising from the fragmentary and terminally weakened British empire in India." (p. 1)
Jack, p. 418. Jack, Homer A., ed. (1994). The Gandhi Reader: A Source Book of His Life and Writings. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-3161-4.
Lelyveld, Joseph (2011). Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle with India. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. 278–81. ISBN 978-0-307-26958-4.
Spear, Percival (1990) [1978], History of India, Volume 2: From the sixteenth century to the twentieth century, Penguin, p. 239, ISBN 978-0-140-13836-8
Mahatma Gandhi (1994). The Gandhi Reader: A Sourcebook of His Life and Writings. Grove Press. pp. 483–89. ISBN 978-0-8021-3161-4.
Margot Bigg (2012). Delhi. Avalon. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-61238-490-0.
William Borman (1986). Gandhi and Non-Violence. State University of New York Press. pp. 192–95, 208–29. ISBN 978-0-88706-331-2.
Gene Sharp (1960). Gandhi Wields the Weapon of Moral Power: Three Case Histories. Navajivan. p. 4.
William Borman (1986). Gandhi and Non-Violence. State University of New York Press. pp. 26–34. ISBN 978-0-88706-331-2.
Yasmin Khan (2007). The Great Partition: The Making of India and Pakistan. Yale University Press. pp. 11–22. ISBN 978-0-300-12078-3.
Cháirez-Garza, Jesús Francisco (2 January 2014). "Touching space: Ambedkar on the spatial features of untouchability". Contemporary South Asia. 22 (1). Taylor & Francis: 37–50. doi:10.1080/09584935.2013.870978. S2CID 145020542.;
B.R. Ambedkar (1945), What Congress and Gandhi have done to the Untouchables, Thacker & Co. Editions, First Edition, pp. v, 282–97
M.K. Gandhi (1934). Songs From Prison. Public Resource.
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993). The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. p. 799. ISBN 978-0-19-864339-5. Retrieved 31 August 2013. Quote: (mahā- (S. "great, mighty, large, ..., eminent") + ātmā (S. "1. soul, spirit; the self, the individual; the mind, the heart; 2. the ultimate being."): "high-souled, of noble nature; a noble or venerable man."
Guha, Ramachandra (2013). Gandhi Before India. Allen Lane. pp. 362, 662. ISBN 978-0-670-08387-9. During my last trip to Europe I saw a great deal of Mr Gandhi. From year to year (I have known him intimately for over twenty years) I have found him getting more and more selfless. He is now leading almost an ascetic sort of life – not the life of an ordinary ascetic that we usually see but that of a great Mahatma and the one idea that engrosses his mind is his motherland.
Guha, Ramachandra (2007). India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy. Delhi: Ecco Press. ISBN 978-0-06-019881-7.
Cone, James (1992). Martin & Malcolm & America: A Dream Or a Nightmare. Orbis Books. ISBN 0-88344-824-6.
McAllister, Pam (1982). Reweaving the Web of Life: Feminism and Nonviolence. New Society Publishers. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-86571-017-7. Retrieved 31 August 2013. Quote: "With love, Yours, Bapu (You closed with the term of endearment used by your close friends, the term you used with all the movement leaders, roughly meaning 'Papa'." Another letter written in 1940 shows similar tenderness and caring.
Louis Fischer (1957). The Life of Mahatma Gandhi. Public Resource.
Kostelanetz, Richard; Flemming, Robert (1999). Writings on Glass: Essays, Interviews, Criticism. University of California Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-520-21491-0.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Mahatma Gandhi 'greatest man'". BBC News. 1 January 2000. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2023.

bbc.co.uk

Pandohar, Jaspreet (Reviewer). "Movies – Maine Gandhi Ko Nahin Mara (I Did Not Kill Gandhi) (2005)". BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). Archived from the original on 4 July 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2014.

books.google.com

McAllister, Pam (1982). Reweaving the Web of Life: Feminism and Nonviolence. New Society Publishers. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-86571-017-7. Retrieved 31 August 2013. Quote: "With love, Yours, Bapu (You closed with the term of endearment used by your close friends, the term you used with all the movement leaders, roughly meaning 'Papa.'" Another letter written in 1940 shows similar tenderness and caring.
Eck, Diana L. (2003). Encountering God: A Spiritual Journey from Bozeman to Banaras. Beacon Press. p. 210. ISBN 978-0-8070-7301-8. Retrieved 31 August 2013. Quote: "... his niece Manu, who, like others called this immortal Gandhi 'Bapu,' meaning not 'father,' but the familiar, 'daddy.'" (p. 210)
Gandhi, Mohandas K. (2009). An Autobiography: The Story of My Experiments With Truth. The Floating Press. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-77541-405-6. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Ganguly, Debjani; Docker, John, eds. (2008), Rethinking Gandhi and Nonviolent Relationality: Global Perspectives, Routledge, pp. 4–, ISBN 978-1-134-07431-0, archived from the original on 21 July 2023, retrieved 21 July 2019 Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti-colonial nationalist politics in the twentieth-century in ways that neither indigenous nor westernized Indian nationalists could."
Misra, Amalendu (2004). Identity and Religion: Foundations of anti-Islamism in India. Sage Publications. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-7619-3227-7. Gandhi, Rajmohan (2006). Mohandas: A True Story of a Man, His People, and an Empire By Gandhi. Penguin Books India. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-14-310411-7. Malhotra, S.L. (2001). Lawyer to Mahatma: Life, Work and Transformation of M. K. Gandhi. Deep & Deep Publications. p. 5. ISBN 978-81-7629-293-1. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Todd, Anne M. (2012). Mohandas Gandhi. Infobase Publishing. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-4381-0662-5. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024. The name Gandhi means "grocer", although Mohandas's father and grandfather were politicians not grocers.
Parel, Anthony J (2016), Pax Gandhiana: The Political Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, Oxford University Press, pp. 202–, ISBN 978-0-19-049146-8, archived from the original on 21 July 2023, retrieved 21 July 2019 Quote: "Gandhi staked his reputation as an original political thinker on this specific issue. Hitherto, violence had been used in the name of political rights, such as in street riots, regicide, or armed revolutions. Gandhi believes there is a better way of securing political rights, that of nonviolence, and that this new way marks an advance in political ethics."
Gandhi, Rajmohan (10 March 2008). Gandhi: The Man, His People, and the Empire. University of California Press. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-0-520-25570-8. Archived from the original on 21 July 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
Sorokin, Pitirim Aleksandrovich (2002). The Ways and Power of Love: types, factors, and techniques of moral transformation. Templeton Foundation Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-890151-86-7.
Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber & Rudolph, Lloyd I. (1983). Gandhi: The Traditional Roots of Charisma. University of Chicago Press. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-226-73136-0. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 19 March 2023.
Guha, Ramachandra (15 October 2014). Gandhi before India. Penguin Books Limited. p. 42. ISBN 978-93-5118-322-8. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 24 October 2021. The subcaste the Gandhis belonged to was known as Modh Bania, the prefix apparently referring to the town of Modhera, in Southern Gujarat
Rudolph, Susanne Hoeber & Rudolph, Lloyd I. (1983). Gandhi: The Traditional Roots of Charisma. University of Chicago Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-226-73136-0. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Gerard Toffin (2012). John Zavos; et al. (eds.). Public Hinduisms. Sage Publications. pp. 249–57. ISBN 978-81-321-1696-7.
Louis Fischer (1982). Gandhi, his life and message for the world. New American Library. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-451-62142-9.
Sankar Ghose (1991). Mahatma Gandhi. Allied Publishers. p. 4. ISBN 978-81-7023-205-6.
Rajmohan, Gandhi (2006). Gandhi: The Man, His People, and the Empire. University of California Press. pp. 20–21. ISBN 978-0-520-25570-8. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Brown (1991). Brown, Judith Margaret (1991). Gandhi: Prisoner of Hope. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05125-4.
Tendulkar, D. G. (1951). Mahatma; life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Delhi: Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.
Herman (2008), pp. 82–83 Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Keshavjee, M.M. (2015). Into that Heaven of Freedom: The Impact of Apartheid on an Indian Family's Diasporic History. Mawenzi House Publishers Limited. ISBN 978-1-927494-27-1. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
Parekh, Bhikhu C. (2001). Gandhi: a very short introduction. Oxford University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-19-285457-5.
S. Dhiman (2016). Gandhi and Leadership: New Horizons in Exemplary Leadership. Springer. pp. 25–27. ISBN 978-1-137-49235-7.
Herman (2008), pp. 87–88 Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Allen, Jeremiah (2011). Sleeping with Strangers: A Vagabond's Journey Tramping the Globe. Other Places Publishing. p. 273. ISBN 978-1-935850-01-4. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Herman (2008), pp. 88–89 Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Herman (2008), page 125 Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Herman (2008) chapter 6. Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Rai, Ajay Shanker (2000). Gandhian Satyagraha: An Analytical And Critical Approach. Concept Publishing Company. p. 35. ISBN 978-81-7022-799-1.
Parel, Anthony J. (2002), "Gandhi and Tolstoy", in M. P. Mathai; M. S. John; Siby K. Joseph (eds.), Meditations on Gandhi : a Ravindra Varma festschrift, New Delhi: Concept, pp. 96–112, ISBN 978-81-7022-961-2, retrieved 8 September 2012
Charles R. DiSalvo (2013). M.K. Gandhi, Attorney at Law: The Man before the Mahatma. Univ of California Press. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0-520-95662-9.
Jones, Constance; Ryan, James (2009). Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Infobase Publishing. pp. 158–159. ISBN 978-1-4381-0873-5. Archived from the original on 21 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
Desai, Ashwin; Vahed, Goolem (2015). The South African Gandhi: Stretcher-Bearer of Empire. Stanford University Press. pp. 22–26, 33–38. ISBN 978-0-8047-9717-7.
DiSalvo, Charles R. (2013). M.K. Gandhi, Attorney at Law: The Man Before the Mahatma. University of California Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-520-28015-1. Archived from the original on 17 March 2023. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
Ramsamy, Edward; Mbanaso, Michael; Korieh, Chima (2010). Minorities and the State in Africa. Cambria Press. pp. 71–73. ISBN 978-1-62196-874-0.
Herman (2008), pp. 136–37. Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Herman (2008), pp. 154–157, 280–281 Herman, Arthur (2008). Gandhi and Churchill: the epic rivalry that destroyed an empire and forged our age. Random House Digital, Inc. ISBN 978-0-553-80463-8.
Markovits, Claude (2004). A History of Modern India, 1480–1950. Anthem Press. pp. 367–86. ISBN 978-1-84331-004-4. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Desai, Mahadev Haribhai (1930). "Preface". Day-to-day with Gandhi: secretary's diary. Hemantkumar Nilkanth (translation). Sarva Seva Sangh Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-906237-2-8. Alt URL
Andrew T. Jarboe (2021). Indian Soldiers in World War I: Race and Representation in an Imperial War. University of Nebraska. p. 238. ISBN 9781496206787. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
Gandhi, Rajmohan (10 March 2008). Gandhi: The Man, His People, and the Empire. University of California Press. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-0-520-25570-8.
Brown, Judith M. (1974). Gandhi's Rise to Power: Indian Politics 1915–1922. Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–102. ISBN 978-0-521-09873-1.
Nojeim, M. (2004). Gandhi and King: The Power of Nonviolent Resistance. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 75. ISBN 978-0-275-96574-7. Archived from the original on 3 February 2024. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
Keith Robbins (2002). The First World War. Oxford University Press. pp. 133–137. ISBN 978-0-19-280318-4.
Green, Michael J.; Nicholas Szechenyi (2017). A Global History of the Twentieth Century: Legacies and Lessons from Six National Perspectives. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-1-4422-7972-8.
Sarah C.M. Paine (2015). Nation Building, State Building, and Economic Development: Case Studies and Comparisons. Routledge. pp. 20–21. ISBN 978-1-317-46409-9.
Ghose, Sankar (1991). Mahatma Gandhi. Allied Publishers. pp. 161–64. ISBN 978-81-7023-205-6. Archived from the original on 21 July 2023. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
Roderick Matthews (2012). Jinnah vs. Gandhi. Hachette. p. 31. ISBN 978-93-5009-078-7. Rabindranath Tagore heavily criticized Gandhi at the time in private letters (...). They reveal Tagore's belief that Gandhi had committed the Indian political nation to a cause that was mistakenly anti-Western and fundamentally negative.
Bose, Sugata & Jalal, Ayesha (2004). Modern South History, Culture, Political Economy. Psychology Press. pp. 112–14. ISBN 978-0-203-71253-5.
Brown (1991) pp. 140–147. Brown, Judith Margaret (1991). Gandhi: Prisoner of Hope. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05125-4.
Bandyopādhyāẏa, Ś. (2004). From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India. Orient Blackswan. p. 304. ISBN 978-81-250-2596-2. Archived from the original on 10 July 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2023. He was arrested on 10 March 1922 and was sentenced to prison for six years. [...] Gradually the Khilafat movement too died.
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Baldwin, Lewis V.; Dekar, Paul R. (30 August 2013). In an Inescapable Network of Mutuality: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Globalization of an Ethical Ideal. Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61097-434-9. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
Stanley Wolpert (2002). Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi. Oxford University Press. pp. 99–103. ISBN 978-0-19-515634-8. Archived from the original on 19 February 2017.
Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2008). Indian Politics and Society since Independence: events, processes and ideology. Routledge. p. 154. ISBN 978-0-415-40868-4. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
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Gandhi 1990, p. 172. Gandhi, Rajmohan (1990), Patel, A Life, Navajivan Pub. House
Sankar Ghose (1991). Mahatma Gandhi. Allied Publishers. pp. 199–204. ISBN 978-81-7023-205-6.
Hatt, Christine (2002). Mahatma Gandhi. Evans Brothers. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-237-52308-4.
Marilyn French (2008). From Eve to Dawn, A History of Women in the World, Volume IV: Revolutions and Struggles for Justice in the 20th Century. City University of New York Press. pp. 219–20. ISBN 978-1-55861-628-8.
Suruchi Thapar-Bjorkert (2006). Women in the Indian National Movement: Unseen Faces and Unheard Voices, 1930–42. Sage Publications. pp. 77–79. ISBN 978-0-7619-3407-3.
Dennis Dalton (2012). Mahatma Gandhi: Nonviolent Power in Action. Columbia University Press. pp. 8–14, 20–23, 30–35. ISBN 978-0-231-15959-3.
S. Dhiman (2016). Gandhi and Leadership: New Horizons in Exemplary Leadership. Springer. pp. 46–49. ISBN 978-1-137-49235-7.
John M Levine; Michael A. Hogg (2010). Encyclopedia of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. Sage Publications. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4129-4208-9.
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Arthur Herman (2008). Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age. Random House. p. 359. ISBN 978-0-553-90504-5. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016.
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Brown (1991), p. 380: "Despite and indeed because of his sense of helplessness Delhi was to be the scene of what he called his greatest fast. ... His decision was made suddenly, though after considerable thought – he gave no hint of it even to Nehru and Patel who were with him shortly before he announced his intention at a prayer-meeting on 12 January 1948. He said he would fast until communal peace was restored, real peace rather than the calm of a dead city imposed by police and troops. Patel and the government took the fast partly as condemnation of their decision to withhold a considerable cash sum still outstanding to Pakistan as a result of the allocation of undivided India's assets because the hostilities that had broken out in Kashmir; ... But even when the government agreed to pay out the cash, Gandhi would not break his fast: that he would only do after a large number of important politicians and leaders of communal bodies agreed to a joint plan for restoration of normal life in the city." Brown, Judith Margaret (1991). Gandhi: Prisoner of Hope. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-05125-4.
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Elkins, Caroline (2022). Violence: A History of the British Empire. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 9780307272423. LCCN 2021018550. A few months later, with war-fueled tensions over Kashmir mounting and India refusing to pay Pakistan 550 million rupees, Pakistan's share of Britain's outstanding war debt, Gandhi began to fast. "This time my fast is not only against Hindus and Muslims," the Mahatma said, "but also against the Judases who put on false appearances and betray themselves, myself and society." The elderly and frail man who was India's symbolic political and spiritual leader went three days without food before India's cabinet agreed to pay Pakistan, something Nehru had long promised Jinnah he would do.
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