References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Mahdist State" in the English version

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Nicoll 2005. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 73–75. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, p. 79, citing Bermann, R. (1932). The Mahdi of Allah. New York: MacMillan. pp. 161–171 and Wingate, F. R. (1891). Mahdiism and the Egyptian Sudan. London: Macmillan. p. 89. Google's in-text search cannot find the quote in either source, although this may be due to failed OCR. Green 2007 gives the quote with less context, but mistakenly cites Abū-Salīm, Muḥammad Ibrāhīm; Vikør, Knut S. (1991). "The Man who Believed in the Mahdi". Sudanic Africa. 2: 29–52{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) wherein it does not appear either. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 188–193. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 154–155. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, p. 277. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Green 2007, Ch. 9. "The Mahdi's emirs took the best gardens in Khartoum" et seq. However, Green relies uncritically on Ohrwalder, Ten Years' Captivity in the Mahdi's Camp to substantiate these claims. Ohrwalder's book is not the eyewitness account it claims to be; Nicoll 2005, p. xxiii notes that British military intelligence in Cairo ghostwrote much of the work. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, p. 263. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 269, 271. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, p. 269. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Gleichen, Edward ed. The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government, Vol. 1, p. 99. Harrison & Sons (London), 1905. Accessed 13 Feb 2014.

Nicoll 2005, p. xxv. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Green 2007, Ch. 6. "Having revised his aversion to infidel technology, the Mahdi issued the six thousand Remingtons to Khalifa Abdullahi and his Baggara." et seq. For a long quote exhibiting this mentality, see Nicoll 2005, pp. 222–224. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 156–157. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, pp. 267–268. White 2011 claims (without citation) that the Mahdist regime outlawed all Western technology. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998. White, Matthew (2011). Atrocitology: Humanity's 100 Deadliest Achievements. Canongate Books (published 1 November 2011). ISBN 978-0857861221.

Nicoll 2005, p. 101. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

Nicoll 2005, p. 268. Nicoll, Fergus (19 May 2005). The Mahdi of Sudan and the Death of General Gordon. The History Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0750932998.

books.google.com

Knight 2005, p. 37. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Sidahmed & Sidahmed 2005, p. 17: "The Mahdist administration centred around the person of the Khalifa Abdullah, both as the ultimate authority as well as the prime mover of the administrative system and initiator of policy. It has been noted that the Khalifa used to consult with his closest aides (such as his brother Ya'qub, and son 'Uthman Shaykh al-Din), and occasionally call for a meeting of the 'State Council'—apparently an advisory council—to which the Mahdi's surviving companions were invited." Sidahmed, Abdel Salam; Sidahmed, Alsir (2005). Sudan. Contemporary Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27417-3.

Metelits, Claire (2009). Inside Insurgency: Violence, Civilians, and Revolutionary Group Behavior. New York University Press. p. 37. ISBN 978-0-8147-9578-1. Estimates cite that the population of Sudan fell from seven million before the Mahdist revolt to between two and three million after the end of the Mahdist era.

Abu Shouk, Ahmad Ibrahim; Bjørkelo, Anders, eds. (1996). "A note on currencies". The Public Treasury of the Muslims: Monthly Budgets of the Mahdist State in the Sudan, 1897. The Ottoman Empire and its heritage, v. 5. E. J. Brill. pp. xvii–xviii. ISBN 978-90-04-10358-0.

Sidahmed & Sidahmed 2005, pp. 9, 11. Sidahmed, Abdel Salam; Sidahmed, Alsir (2005). Sudan. Contemporary Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27417-3.

Knight 2005, pp. 18–20. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Sidahmed & Sidahmed 2005, pp. 12–15. Sidahmed, Abdel Salam; Sidahmed, Alsir (2005). Sudan. Contemporary Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27417-3.

Knight 2005, pp. 23–24. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Knight 2005, p. 24. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Knight 2005, p. 33. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Ali 2015, pp. 44–45. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Sidahmed & Sidahmed 2005, p. 16. Sidahmed, Abdel Salam; Sidahmed, Alsir (2005). Sudan. Contemporary Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27417-3.

Ali 2015, p. 45. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Ali 2015, pp. 45–46. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Ali 2015, p. 46. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Ali 2015, pp. 46–47. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Ali 2015, p. 47. Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2015). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. New York City: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-711-9.

Lobban & Dalton 2014, p. 37. Lobban, Richard A. Jr.; Dalton, Christopher H. (2014), Libya: History and Revolution, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-4408-2885-0

Daly 2010, p. 93. Daly, Martin W. (2010) [1st pub. 2007]. Darfur's Sorrow: The Forgotten History of a Humanitarian Disaster (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521131872.

Sidahmed & Sidahmed 2005, p. 17. Sidahmed, Abdel Salam; Sidahmed, Alsir (2005). Sudan. Contemporary Middle East. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-27417-3.

Knight 2005, p. 36. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Knight 2005, pp. 36–37. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Knight 2005, p. 38. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Konstam 2016, pp. 8–9. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, pp. 8–9, 15. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, pp. 14–15. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, pp. 12, 15. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, p. 40. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, p. 15. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Konstam 2016, p. 12. Konstam, Angus (2016). Nile River Gunboats 1882–1918. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4728-1476-0.

Knight 2005, pp. 34–35. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Knight 2005, p. 35. Knight, Ian (2005) [1st pub. 1989]. Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa (3rd ed.). Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-937-1.

Mahdist State (English Wikipedia)

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