Mahjong (English Wikipedia)

Li, Junjie; Koyamada, Sotetsu; Ye, Qiwei; Liu, Guoqing; Wang, Chao; Yang, Ruihan; Zhao, Li; Qin, Tao; Liu, Tie-Yan; Hon, Hsiao-Wuen (31 March 2020). "Suphx: Mastering Mahjong with Deep Reinforcement Learning". arXiv:2003.13590 [cs.AI].
Wang, Xianwen; Mao, Wenli; Liu, Chen (2013). "Games and Culture: Using Online-gaming Data to Cluster Chinese Regional Cultures". arXiv:1310.0621 [cs.CY].

asahi.com (Global: 124^th place; English: 790^th place)

Uematsu, Yoshika. "Mah-jongg winning over children with improved image". The Asahi Shimbun. The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
Yusuke Kato; Kenta Maeda. "Pro league sheds negative image of mah-jongg as gambler's game". The Asahi Shimbun. The Asahi Shimbun.

bakerinstitute.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Zheng, Brandon. "Chinese Anime and Japanese Mahjong: The Clandestine Battle Between Digital Content Economies". Baker Institute. Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
Zheng, Brandon. "Chinese Anime and Japanese Mahjong: The Clandestine Battle Between Digital Content Economies". Baker Institute. Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
Zheng, Brandon. "Chinese Anime and Japanese Mahjong: The Clandestine Battle Between Digital Content Economies". Baker Institute. Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy. Retrieved 28 March 2026.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

England, Vaudine (4 August 2007). "Mahjong game can induce epileptic seizures". BBC News. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Babcock, Joseph Park (1923). Babcock's Rules for Mah-jongg; the Red Book of Rules. Mah-jongg sales Company of America.

chicagotribune.com (Global: 143^rd place; English: 80^th place)

Vickroy, Donna. "Growing interest in ancient Chinese game". Daily Southtown.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Warren, James Alastair (2007). "Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, C.1880–1945" (PDF). doi:10.25501/SOAS.00028815. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2020.
Wilkinson, W.H. (1895). "Chinese Origin Of Playing Cards" (PDF). The American Anthropologist. viii (1): 61–78. doi:10.1525/aa.1895.8.1.02a00070.
Cheng, ST; Chan, AC; Yu, EC (24 May 2012). "An exploratory study of the effect of mahjong on the cognitive functioning of persons with dementia". Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 21 (7): 611–7. doi:10.1002/gps.1531. PMID 16779765. S2CID 6080864.

fimj.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Regolamento Ufficiale Italiano" (PDF) (in Italian). Federazione Italiana Mah-Jong. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

hkmj.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Richard S.K. Chang; Raymond T.F. Cheung; S.L. Ho & Windsor Mak (2007), "Mah-jong–induced seizures: case reports and review of twenty-three patients" (PDF), Hong Kong Med J, 13 (4): 314–318, PMID 17664536, archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011

inews.co.uk (Global: 1,784^th place; English: 903^rd place)

Keegan, Matthew (26 November 2022). "As China tightens its grip, Hong Kong is preserving its identity through the game of mahjong". inews.co.uk. Retrieved 12 September 2024.

japantimes.co.jp (Global: 407^th place; English: 286^th place)

Matsutani, Minoru, "Mah-jongg ancient, progressive", Japan Times, 15 June 2010, p. 3.

mahjong-europe.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"EMA active Players (in ranking lists)". European Mahjong Association. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

mahjong-mil.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Brief Introduction to Limiting Mahjong (Harbin Limiting Rules)".

mahjongbond.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Spelregelboekje NTS" (PDF) (in Dutch). Nederlandse Mahjong Bond. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

mahjongbritishrules.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Gregory, Peter. "Tile Classification". Mahjongbritishrules.com. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

mahjongnews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Independent Internet Mahjong Newspaper". Mahjongnews.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
"Martin Wedel Jacobsen European mahjong champion". Mahjongnews.com. 20 June 2007. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
"OEMC 2009 Final Ranking". Mahjongnews.com. 5 July 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

majiangjing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"麻将之迷信技巧" [Superstitious skills of Mahjong]. 麻将经网 (in Chinese). Luoyang, China: 洛阳信息港建站中心. Retrieved 5 September 2019.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

"Mah-jongg". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 19 January 2020.

nationalgeographic.com (Global: 489^th place; English: 425^th place)

Wang, Claire (6 May 2025). "Why mahjong is a global phenomenon". National Geographic. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

nationalmahjonggleague.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"National Mahjjong League". Nationalmahjonggleague.org. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Richard S.K. Chang; Raymond T.F. Cheung; S.L. Ho & Windsor Mak (2007), "Mah-jong–induced seizures: case reports and review of twenty-three patients" (PDF), Hong Kong Med J, 13 (4): 314–318, PMID 17664536, archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011
Cheng, ST; Chan, AC; Yu, EC (24 May 2012). "An exploratory study of the effect of mahjong on the cognitive functioning of persons with dementia". Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 21 (7): 611–7. doi:10.1002/gps.1531. PMID 16779765. S2CID 6080864.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Heller, Steven (15 March 2010). "Recalling the Craze for a Game of Chance". The New York Times.

pewresearch.org (Global: 1,516^th place; English: 983^rd place)

"Measuring Religion in China".

pocculture.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Seoul-Oh, Ron (19 March 2024). "INTERVIEWS – James Hong, Ronny Chieng and the 'Kung Fu Panda 4' Cast and Filmmakers". pocculture.com. Retrieved 4 April 2026.

righto.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

files.righto.com

Shirriff, Ken. "Mah Jongg Tiles and Names". righto.com. Retrieved 24 August 2018.

scmp.com (Global: 302^nd place; English: 189^th place)

"Only one way to cure mahjong epilepsy – avoid the game". South China Morning Post. 3 August 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2016.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Cheng, ST; Chan, AC; Yu, EC (24 May 2012). "An exploratory study of the effect of mahjong on the cognitive functioning of persons with dementia". Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 21 (7): 611–7. doi:10.1002/gps.1531. PMID 16779765. S2CID 6080864.

sigma.world (Global: low place; English: low place)

Team, Content (19 January 2023). "Types of Mahjong". SigmaPlay. Retrieved 1 July 2024.

sloperama.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Why are so many players of American mah-jongg Jewish?". Sloperama.com. Retrieved 7 September 2012.

smithsonianmag.com (Global: 663^rd place; English: 431^st place)

Turrell, Claire (7 February 2025). "The Asian Game of Mahjong, Which Creates Order Out of Chaos, Is Trending in the West". smithsonianmag.com. Smithsonian. Retrieved 4 April 2026.

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

eprints.soas.ac.uk

Warren, James Alastair (2007). "Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, C.1880–1945" (PDF). doi:10.25501/SOAS.00028815. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2020.

stanford.edu (Global: 194^th place; English: 182^nd place)

news.stanford.edu

Walters, Ashley (15 July 2013). "From China to U.S., the game of mahjong shaped modern America, says Stanford scholar". Stanford Report. Stanford University. Retrieved 31 March 2021.

startribune.com (Global: 812^th place; English: 412^th place)

Reynolds, Cole. "Minnesotans 'totally geeked out about' mahjong". The Minnesota Star Tribune. The Minnesota Star Tribune. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
Reynolds, Cole. "Minnesotans 'totally geeked out about' mahjong". The Minnesota Star Tribune. The Minnesota Star Tribune. Retrieved 28 March 2026.

straitstimes.com (Global: 461^st place; English: 263^rd place)

"Mahjong grows in popularity among Japanese students, fuelled by game's portrayal in manga and anime". The Straits Times. The Straits Times. Retrieved 28 March 2026.

the1a.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"A 'Ton' Of Fun: How Mahjong Became A U.S. Phenomenon". 1A. Retrieved 14 October 2022.

theburnin.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"China unveils restrictive new video game content guidelines". The Burn-In. 25 April 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2019.

thecourier.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"WITH VIDEO: 'Mahjong!' Ancient game enjoys continued popularity". The Courier. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018.

themenscave.sg (Global: low place; English: low place)

Chan, Yan Xuan (26 May 2023). "How does an Automatic Mahjong Table Works? A Deep Dive". The Men's Cave. Retrieved 5 June 2023.

timeout.com (Global: 883^rd place; English: 496^th place)

"Why feng shui is Big Business in Hong Kong".

tvb.com (Global: 2,410^th place; English: 6,326^th place)

"新年打麻雀4大風水秘訣".

urbino.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lam, Desmond. "Chinese Gambling Superstitions and Taboos". Archived from the original on 6 April 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2012.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Mahjong Around the World". World Series of Mahjong. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2018.
"WITH VIDEO: 'Mahjong!' Ancient game enjoys continued popularity". The Courier. Archived from the original on 24 July 2018.
Warren, James Alastair (2007). "Gambling, the State and Society in Siam, C.1880–1945" (PDF). doi:10.25501/SOAS.00028815. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2020.
Richard S.K. Chang; Raymond T.F. Cheung; S.L. Ho & Windsor Mak (2007), "Mah-jong–induced seizures: case reports and review of twenty-three patients" (PDF), Hong Kong Med J, 13 (4): 314–318, PMID 17664536, archived (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011
"The Independent Internet Mahjong Newspaper". Mahjongnews.com. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
"Martin Wedel Jacobsen European mahjong champion". Mahjongnews.com. 20 June 2007. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
Lam, Desmond. "Chinese Gambling Superstitions and Taboos". Archived from the original on 6 April 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2012.

wikidot.com (Global: 5,548^th place; English: 4,572^nd place)

mahjong.wikidot.com

"Three-player mahjong". The Mahjong Wiki. Retrieved 17 November 2017.^{[user-generated source]}
"Korean Mahjong Rules – Mahjong Wiki (麻将维基)". mahjong.wikidot.com.^{[user-generated source]}

winmahjong.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Mahjong in China". Win Mahjong. Retrieved 29 December 2014.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Millington, A. D. (1977). The complete book of Mah-Jongg. London: A. Barker. ISBN 0213166224. OCLC 3069655.

worldmahjong.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Mahjong Around the World". World Series of Mahjong. Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 25 January 2018.

yira.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

yris.yira.org

Pekats, Sam (3 January 2019). "On the advent and spread of the game Mah-Jong". The Yale Review of International Studies. Retrieved 23 February 2022.

zungjungmahjong.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"What's Zung Jung?". Zung Jung Mahjong.com. Retrieved 15 April 2025.

Mahjong (English Wikipedia)

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