Mali Empire (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Mali Empire" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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29doi.org

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27jstor.org

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19semanticscholar.org

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12books.google.com

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10web.archive.org

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9worldcat.org

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6translate.google.com

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3unesco.org

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3cambridge.org

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1escholarship.org

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1arquivo.pt

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1peterturchin.com

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1ucl.ac.uk

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1guinee.net

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1smartasset.com

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1worldpolicy.org

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1fanaticus.org

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1ambamali.ca

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1tandfonline.com

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1learner.org

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1byu.edu

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1histoire-afrique.org

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71.231

66.218.71.231

Cosmovisions.com ^{[dead link]}

ambamali.ca

"Kouroukan Fouga". Embassy of Mali in Canada. Retrieved 10 May 2020.

arquivo.pt

Turchin, Adams & Hall 2006, p. 222. Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires" (PDF). Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 218–229. ISSN 1076-156X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2021.

bbc.co.uk

"The Empire of Mali, In Our Time – BBC Radio 4". BBC. Retrieved 29 October 2015.

beck.org

san.beck.org

"Africa and Slavery 1500–1800 by Sanderson Beck". San.beck.org. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

books.google.com

Davidson, Basil (29 October 2014). West Africa before the Colonial Era: A History to 1850. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88265-7.
Imperato & Imperato 2008, p. 201. Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5603-5.
Imperato & Imperato 2008, p. 202. Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5603-5.
Imperato & Imperato 2008, p. 203. Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5603-5.
Imperato & Imperato 2008, p. 204. Imperato, Pascal James; Imperato, Gavin H. (2008). Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5603-5.
Woods, John E.; Pfeiffer, Judith; Quinn, Sholeh Alysia; Tucker, Ernest (2006). History and Historiography of Post-Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East: Studies in Honor of John E. Woods. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 442. ISBN 3447052783.
Saad, Elias N. (14 July 1983). Social History of Timbuktu: The Role of Muslim Scholars and Notables 1400-1900 (Cambridge History of Science Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 0521246032.
Lifshitz, Fima (1 January 2009). An African Journey Through Its Art. AuthorHouse. p. 72. ISBN 9781438934501.
Kelly Mass (9 December 2023). African History A Closer Look at Colonies, Countries, and Wars. Efalon Acies. ISBN 9791222482699. Retrieved 23 December 2023. Denianke dynasty was established at Tekrour in 1514, leading to war with Mali's surviving regions by Great Fulo's new kingdom.
David C. Conrad (2009). Empires of Medieval West Africa: Ghana, Mali, and Songhay. Infobase Publishing. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-4381-0319-8.
Blauer, Lauré; Ettagale, Jason (2008). Cultures of the World Mali. Marshall Cavendish, 2008. p. 25. ISBN 978-0761425687.
Alexander, Leslie (2010). Encyclopedia of African American History (American Ethnic Experience ed.). ABC-CLIO. pp. 73–74. ISBN 978-1851097692.

bu.edu

"Kingdom of Mali". Bu.edu. Archived from the original on 31 August 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

byu.edu

scholarsarchive.byu.edu

Willard, Alice (1 April 1993). "Gold, Islam and Camels: The Transformative Effects of Trade and Ideology". Comparative Civilizations Review. 28 (28): 88. ISSN 0733-4540.

cambridge.org

Green 1991, p. 128. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Green 1991, p. 129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Green 1991, pp. 128–129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.

doi.org

Taagepera 1997, p. 497. Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia" (PDF). International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
Goodwin 1957. Goodwin, A. J. H. (1957). "The Medieval Empire of Ghana". South African Archaeological Bulletin. 12 (47): 108–112. doi:10.2307/3886971. JSTOR 3886971.
Hunwick 1973, p. 197. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Boyce, D. George; de Witte, Ludo (October 2002). "The Assassination of Lumumba". The Journal of Military History. 66 (4): 1249. doi:10.2307/3093322. ISSN 0899-3718. JSTOR 3093322.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 57. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
Levtzion 1963. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 344. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 345. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 346. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 349–350. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Bell 1972, pp. 224–225. Bell, Nawal Morcos (1972). "The Age of Mansa Musa of Mali: Problems in Succession and Chronology". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 5 (2): 221–234. doi:10.2307/217515. ISSN 0361-7882. JSTOR 217515.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 347. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Wilks 1982, p. 470. Wilks, Ivor (1982). "Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. II. The Struggle for Trade". The Journal of African History. 23 (4): 463–472. doi:10.1017/S0021853700021307. JSTOR 182036. S2CID 163064591.
Jansen 1996. Jansen, Jan (1996). "The Representation of Status in Mande: Did the Mali Empire Still Exist in the Nineteenth Century?". History in Africa. 23: 87–109. doi:10.2307/3171935. hdl:1887/2775. JSTOR 3171935. S2CID 53133772.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 59. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
O'Sullivan, John M. (1980), "Slavery in the Malinke Kingdom of Kabadougou (Ivory Coast)", International Journal of African Historical Studies, 13 (4): 633–650, doi:10.2307/218199, JSTOR 218199
Conrad 1994. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Hunwick 1973, p. 199. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Conrad 1994, p. 369. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Green 1991, p. 128. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Conrad 1994, p. 373. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Green 1991, p. 129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Green 1991, pp. 128–129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Conrad 1994, p. 365. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Hunwick 1973. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Haour 2005. Haour, Anne (2005). "Power and permanence in precolonial Africa: a case study from the central Sahel". World Archaeology. 37 (4): 552–565. doi:10.1080/00438240500412816. ISSN 0043-8243. S2CID 162397096.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 58. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
Robin Law (1976). "Horses, Firearms, and Political Power in Pre-Colonial West Africa, Past and Present". Past and Present. 72 (1): 112–132. doi:10.1093/past/72.1.112.
Bourgeois 1987. Bourgeois, Jean-Louis (1987). "The History of the Great Mosques of Djenné". African Arts. 20 (3): 54–63, 90–92. doi:10.2307/3336477. JSTOR 3336477.

escholarship.org

Taagepera 1997, p. 497. Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia" (PDF). International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 10 April 2021.

etext.org

"Etext.org". Archived from the original on 11 July 2006.

fanaticus.org

"Mossi (1250–1575 AD) – DBA 2.0 Variant Army List". Fanaticus.org. 21 August 2006. Archived from the original on 2 August 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

fsmitha.com

"African Empires to CE 1500". Fsmitha.com. 17 January 2007. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

google.com

[1] ^{[dead link]}

guinee.net

Niane 1959. Niane, Djibril Tamsir (1959). "Recherches sur l'Empire du Mali au Moyen Age". Recherches Africaines (in French). Archived from the original on 19 May 2007.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Jansen 1996. Jansen, Jan (1996). "The Representation of Status in Mande: Did the Mali Empire Still Exist in the Nineteenth Century?". History in Africa. 23: 87–109. doi:10.2307/3171935. hdl:1887/2775. JSTOR 3171935. S2CID 53133772.

histoire-afrique.org

Sarr, Mamadou (1991). L'empire du Mali. p. 92. Archived from the original on 6 April 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008.

jstor.org

Taagepera 1997, p. 497. Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia" (PDF). International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
Goodwin 1957. Goodwin, A. J. H. (1957). "The Medieval Empire of Ghana". South African Archaeological Bulletin. 12 (47): 108–112. doi:10.2307/3886971. JSTOR 3886971.
Hunwick 1973, p. 197. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Boyce, D. George; de Witte, Ludo (October 2002). "The Assassination of Lumumba". The Journal of Military History. 66 (4): 1249. doi:10.2307/3093322. ISSN 0899-3718. JSTOR 3093322.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 57. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
Levtzion 1963. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 344. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 345. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 346. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 349–350. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Bell 1972, pp. 224–225. Bell, Nawal Morcos (1972). "The Age of Mansa Musa of Mali: Problems in Succession and Chronology". The International Journal of African Historical Studies. 5 (2): 221–234. doi:10.2307/217515. ISSN 0361-7882. JSTOR 217515.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 347. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Wilks 1982, p. 470. Wilks, Ivor (1982). "Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. II. The Struggle for Trade". The Journal of African History. 23 (4): 463–472. doi:10.1017/S0021853700021307. JSTOR 182036. S2CID 163064591.
Jansen 1996. Jansen, Jan (1996). "The Representation of Status in Mande: Did the Mali Empire Still Exist in the Nineteenth Century?". History in Africa. 23: 87–109. doi:10.2307/3171935. hdl:1887/2775. JSTOR 3171935. S2CID 53133772.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 59. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
O'Sullivan, John M. (1980), "Slavery in the Malinke Kingdom of Kabadougou (Ivory Coast)", International Journal of African Historical Studies, 13 (4): 633–650, doi:10.2307/218199, JSTOR 218199
Conrad 1994. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Hunwick 1973, p. 199. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Conrad 1994, p. 369. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Green 1991, p. 128. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Conrad 1994, p. 373. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Green 1991, p. 129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Green 1991, pp. 128–129. Green, Kathryn L. (1991). ""Mande Kaba," the Capital of Mali: A Recent Invention?". History in Africa. 18: 127–135. doi:10.2307/3172058. ISSN 0361-5413. JSTOR 3172058. S2CID 161600126.
Conrad 1994, p. 365. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
Hunwick 1973. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Cissoko 1983, pp. 58. Cissoko, Sekene Mody (1983). "Formations sociales et État en Afrique précoloniale : Approche historique". Présence Africaine. COLLOQUE SUR « LA PROBLÉMATIQUE DE L'ÉTAT EN AFRIQUE NOIRE » (127/128): 50–71. doi:10.3917/presa.127.0050. JSTOR 24350899. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
Bourgeois 1987. Bourgeois, Jean-Louis (1987). "The History of the Great Mosques of Djenné". African Arts. 20 (3): 54–63, 90–92. doi:10.2307/3336477. JSTOR 3336477.

kb.se

urn.kb.se

Hunwick 1999b, p. 94. Hunwick, John (1999). "Islamic financial institutions: theoretical structures and aspects of their application in sub-Saharan Africa". In Stiansen, Endre & Guyer, Jane I. (eds.). Credit, Currencies and Culture: African Financial Institutions in Historical Perspective. Stockholm: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. pp. 78–102. ISBN 91-7106-442-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

leadinternational.com

Mike Blondino. "LEAD: International: The History of Guinea-Bissau". Leadinternational.com. Archived from the original on 1 November 2010. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

learner.org

Candice Goucher, Charles LeGuin, and Linda Walton, Trade, Transport, Temples, and Tribute: The Economics of Power Archived 29 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine, in In the Balance: Themes in Global History (Boston: McGraw-Hill, 1998).

lumenlearning.com

courses.lumenlearning.com

"Mali | World Civilization". courses.lumenlearning.com. Retrieved 10 May 2020.

peterturchin.com

Turchin, Adams & Hall 2006, p. 222. Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires" (PDF). Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 218–229. ISSN 1076-156X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2016. Retrieved 10 April 2021.

sarasota.k12.fl.us

"African". Sarasota.k12.fl.us. Archived from the original on 31 May 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2009.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hunwick 1973, p. 197. Hunwick, John O. (1973). "The mid-fourteenth century capital of Mali". Journal of African History. 14 (2): 195–206. doi:10.1017/s0021853700012512. JSTOR 180444. S2CID 162784401.
Levtzion 1963. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 344. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 345. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, p. 346. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 349–350. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Levtzion 1963, pp. 347. Levtzion, N. (1963). "The thirteenth- and fourteenth-century kings of Mali". Journal of African History. 4 (3): 341–353. doi:10.1017/S002185370000428X. JSTOR 180027. S2CID 162413528.
Wilks 1982, p. 470. Wilks, Ivor (1982). "Wangara, Akan and Portuguese in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries. II. The Struggle for Trade". The Journal of African History. 23 (4): 463–472. doi:10.1017/S0021853700021307. JSTOR 182036. S2CID 163064591.
Jansen 1996. Jansen, Jan (1996). "The Representation of Status in Mande: Did the Mali Empire Still Exist in the Nineteenth Century?". History in Africa. 23: 87–109. doi:10.2307/3171935. hdl:1887/2775. JSTOR 3171935. S2CID 53133772.
Conrad 1994. Conrad, David C. (1994). "A town called Dakajalan: the Sunjata tradition and the question of Ancient Mali's capital". Journal of African History. 35 (3): 355–377. doi:10.1017/s002185370002675x. JSTOR 182640. S2CID 162273464.
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