Marital rape (English Wikipedia)

Mala Htun (25 October 2007). "When and Why do Governments Promote Women's Rights? Toward a Comparative Politics of States and Sex Equality". Delivery at the Conference Toward a Comparative Politics of Gender: Advancing the Discipline Along Interdisciplinary Boundaries, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, October. Retrieved 14 June 2015.

acjps.org

"Sudan's new law on rape and sexual harassment One step forward, two steps back?" (PDF). African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies. 8 March 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2018.

adelaide.edu.au

digital.library.adelaide.edu.au

Geis, Gilbert (1978). "Rape in Marriage: Law and Law Reform in England, the United States, and Sweden" (PDF). Adelaide Law Review. 6 (2): 285.

admin.ch

fedlex.admin.ch

96.464 Parlamentarische Initiative Gewalt gegen Frauen als Offizialdelikt: Revision von Artikel 123 StGB. 96.465 Parlamentarische Initiative: Sexuelle Gewalt in der Ehe als Offizialdelikt: Revision von Artikel 189 und 190 StGB: Bericht der Kommission für Rechtsfragen des Nationalrates. Admin.ch (Report) (in German). Retrieved 16 July 2016.

adn.com

"Valley paper criticized over pastor's column on spousal rape". Alaska Dispatch News. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

africa4womensrights.org

"Rwanda: Final steps towards the adoption of a law to combat gender violence". Africa4womensrights.org. 13 February 2009. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

agc.gov.sg

statutes.agc.gov.sg

"Sexual offences". statutes.agc.gov.sg. Attorney-General's Chambers. Archived from the original on 29 July 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2012.

ahram.org.eg

english.ahram.org.eg

Chaban, Stephanie (23 December 2017). "Now Is the time to criminalize marital rape in the Arab Region - Opinion - Ahram Online". english.ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

aic.gov.au

"Patterns of rape : a preliminary Queensland perspective" (PDF). Aic.gov.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

ain-bolivia.org

Robinson, Jessica (21 March 2013). "New Law Mandates Harsh Penalties and Broad Services to Address Violence Against Woman in Bolivia". Andean Information Network. Retrieved 24 March 2013.

al-monitor.com

McCormick-Cavanagh, Conor (28 July 2017). "New Tunisian law takes long stride toward gender equality". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

aljazeera.com

america.aljazeera.com

"Iraqi law would legalize marital rape, child marriage for country's Shia". Retrieved 14 July 2016.

aljazeera.com

"Rapes surge in Sri Lanka amid weak laws". Retrieved 14 July 2016.

alnap.org

"The War At Home: Gender Based Violence Indicators Project" (PDF). Alnap.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

amnesty.dk

"CASE CLOSED - RAPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
"Voldtægt". Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

amnesty.org

"Hungary - Cries unheard, The failure to protect women from rape and sexual violence in the home". 10 May 2007. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
"Brunei Darussalam: Amnesty International submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review". Amnesty International. Sixth session of the UPR Working Group, November–December 2009. 13 April 2009. The 'Explanation' which forms part of Article 375 of Brunei's Penal Code (rape) stipulates that 'Sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under thirteen (13) years of age, is not rape.' This amounts to legalisation and legitimization of marital rape, including the rape of children, in flagrant violation of international human rights law.

amnestytaunton.wordpress.com

"Algeria - Amnesty International Taunton Local Group". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

archive.org

Finkelhor, David; Yllö, Kersti (1985). License to Rape. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. pp. 204–205, Table A–2. ISBN 978-0-03-059474-8.
Russell, Diana E. H. (1990). Rape in Marriage (New ed.). Indiana University Press. pp. 57–58, 65–67. ISBN 978-0-253-35055-8.

archive.today

"Ministry of Justice, Finland - Entry page". 17 February 2013. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 13 December 2000. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
Kalpana Sharma (10 November 2010). "Contradictions and confusion cloud rape laws. The result is miscarriage of justice". Tehelka. Archived from the original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
"STATE v. RICHARD OLIVER". University of Colorado Boulder. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
"AWAM : All Women's Action Society Malaysia". Archived from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

arrow.org.my

Asian-Pacific Resource & Research Centre for Women (ARROW) (2011). Reclaiming & Redefining Rights: Thematic Studies Series 1: Sexuality & Rights in Asia (PDF). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: ARROW. pp. 22–23.

asamblea.gob.ni

legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni

"Ley No. 779" (PDF). Legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

awam.org.my

"AWAM : All Women's Action Society Malaysia". Archived from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

b.dk

"Slut med "konerabat" for voldtægt". www.b.dk. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

bailii.org

"R. v R [1991] UKHL 12 (23 October 1991)".
"[1991] UKHL 12". BAILII. Retrieved 19 December 2010.

bbc.co.uk

"What is a forced marriage?". BBC. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"I have a right to...: Article 16: Right to marriage and family and to equal rights of men and women during and after marriage". BBC World Service. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Yemeni minister seeks law to end child marriage". BBC News. 13 September 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Ethics: Honour crimes". BBC. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 23 December 2013.
"Morocco bans forced marriage and harassment". BBC News. 12 September 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

news.bbc.co.uk

"Asia-Pacific | Thailand passes marital rape bill". BBC News. 21 June 2007. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"Husband jailed for raping wife". BBC News. 7 March 2000. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Ethiopian women are most abused". BBC News. 11 October 2006.

biblegateway.com

1 Corinthians 7:4–5a

bibliotekacyfrowa.pl

"Chapter XXXII., Art. 204". Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej z dnia 11 lipca 1932 r. Kodeks karny (PDF) (in Polish). Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej. 11 July 1932. pp. 107–109. Retrieved 14 April 2024.

bioline.org.br

"Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)". Bioline.org.br. Retrieved 17 August 2013.

bizkaia.net

"Legislation in the member States of the Council of Europe in the field of violence against women" (PDF). Bizkaia.net. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

books.google.com

Yllö, Kersti; Torres, M. Gabriela, eds. (2016). Marital Rape: Consent, Marriage and Social Change in Global Context. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Pillsbury, Samuel H (1 July 2000). Judging Evil: Rethinking the Law of Murder and Manslaughter. NYU Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-6680-4.
The Routledge Handbook of European Criminology, p. 1, at Google Books
Corps de femmes: sexualité et contrôle social. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
A Comparative Perspective on Major Social Problems. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
Social Change, Gender and Violence: Post-Communist and War Affected Societies at Google Books
Molan, Michael T. (2005). Cases & Materials on Criminal Law. Psychology Press. ISBN 9781859419359. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
Easteal, P. (1994). Voices of the Survivors. North Melbourne: Spinifex Press. p. 224. ISBN 1875559248.
Jeffreys, Sheila (1997). The Idea of Prostitution. Spinifex Press. p. 262. ISBN 9781876756673.
Cuba Business and Investment Opportunities Yearbook Volume 1 Strategic, Practical Information and Opportunities. Lulu.com. 2016. p. 55. ISBN 9781438776552.

bridgew.edu

vc.bridgew.edu

Ebtihal Mahadeen (December 2013). "Doctors and Sheikhs: "Truths" in Virginity Discourse in Jordanian Media". Journal of International Women's Studies. 14. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

byu.edu

digitalcommons.law.byu.edu

Rana Lehr-Lehnardt. "One Small Step for Women: Female-Friendly Provisions in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court" (PDF). Digitalcommons.law.byu.edu. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

ca.gov

leginfo.ca.gov

"CA Codes (pen:261-269)". Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

cambridge.org

Celia Wells, University of Bristol (28 June 2010). "Lacey, Wells and Quick Reconstructing Criminal Law". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

case.edu

law.case.edu

"THE PENAL-CODE WITH AMENDMENTS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2015.

catholicnewsagency.com

de Margery, Bertrand. "Humanae vitae - To which less consideration has been given".

channelnewsasia.com

"Penal Code changes to protect vulnerable victims, minors to kick in on Jan 1, 2020". Channel News Asia. 27 December 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.

childinfo.org

"Unicef Statistics". Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

chinapost.com.tw

"Thailand outlaws marital rape". The China Post. 22 June 2007. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"Thailand outlaws marital rape". AFP. 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.

cite.gov.pt

"Microsoft Word - 4_1-Manual Capitulo II_01.doc" (PDF). Cite.gov.pt. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Jamjoom, Mohammed; Almasmari, Hakim (15 September 2013). "Yemen minister on child marriage: Enough is enough". CNN. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Court in UAE says beating wife, child OK if no marks are left". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

coe.int

""There are many examples from different countries, mainly from the 1990s, but some even more recent than that, where judges handed down lenient sentences simply because the perpetrator claimed to have acted out of respect for his culture, tradition, religion or custom or to restore his so-called honour" (explanations regarding the Istanbul Convention)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.
"Full list". Treaty Office.
"Legislation Dans Les Etats Membres du Conseil de L'Europe en Matiere de Violence A L'Egard des Femmes" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.

rm.coe.int

"Analytical study of the results of the 4th round of monitoring the implementation of Recommendation Rec(2002)5 on the protection of women against violence in Council of Europe member states". Council of Europe. Gender Equality Commission (GEC). Retrieved 12 October 2018.
Krol, Paula (10 June 2017). "Mapping support services for victims of violence against women in Kosovo". Council of Europe. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

search.coe.int

"On The Protection Of Women Against Violence". Council of Europe. 30 April 2002. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

wcd.coe.int

Council of Europe Committee of Ministers Plenary. "Committee of Ministers - on the protection of women against violence". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

conventions.coe.int

"Liste complète". Retrieved 14 July 2016.

colorado.edu

sobek.colorado.edu

"STATE v. RICHARD OLIVER". University of Colorado Boulder. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

commonlii.org

www3.commonlii.org

"Acting Like a Man: Seduction and Rape in the Law" (PDF). Griffith Law Review. 1993. ISSN 1038-3441. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022 – via commonlii.org.

cornell.edu

lawschool.cornell.edu

"Country Details". Lawschool.cornell.edu. Retrieved 15 June 2013.

cps.gov.uk

"S1 Rape:Sexual offences: Sentencing Manual: Legal Guidance: The Crown Prosecution Service". Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

crin.org

"Child Rights Information Network - Resources". CRIN. Retrieved 17 August 2013.

crisiscentrebahamas.wordpress.com

"Marital rape ban 'tragically wrong' says the Christian Council". Bahamas Crisis Centre. 7 September 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

crownlaw.gov.to

"The Criminal Offences (Amendment) Act 1999 reads at section 5 "Section 118 of the Principal Act is amended by deleting sub-section (2) and renumbering the subsequent sub-sections accordingly" (removed the exemption from the rape law)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
"Section 29 of the Family Protection Act 2013 reads: "Subject to clause 12 of the Constitution, in addition to liability under this Act, a respondent may also be prosecuted under other criminal laws for the time being in force for his acts if the facts disclose the commission of a separate criminal offence under those provisions. Note: For example, (without limitation), assault, offences endangering life and health, grievous bodily harm, rape, other sexual offences, murder and manslaughter and sexual exploitation through people trafficking and smuggling"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

dailypakistan.com.pk

en.dailypakistan.com.pk

Rao, Hamza (31 August 2017). "Marital rape: Is it criminalized in Pakistan?". Daily Pakistan Global. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

deccanchronicle.com

"Marital Rape: OK or not ok?". Deccan Chronicle. 19 March 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2018.

dnevnik.si

With the new 1974 Yugoslav Constitution each republic adopted their own Criminal Act, with Socialist Republic of Slovenia introducing rape of wife in its 1977 Criminal Act; (any) rape is not gender specific since 1995 Criminal Code (Art. 180), current Criminal Code is from 2008 (Art. 170)

doi.org

Grabanski, Chloe R.; Lamade, Raina V.; Guarini, Brandon C.; Rosa, Angie M. (2023). "Intimate Partner Rape". Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Springer, Cham. pp. 1–11. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_1241-1. ISBN 978-3-031-08956-5.
Anderson, Michelle J. (2016). "Marital Rape Laws Globally". Marital Rape. pp. 177–186. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0012. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Bovarnick, Silvie (2007). "Universal Human Rights and Non-Western Normative Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Violence against Women in Mexico and Pakistan". Review of International Studies. 33 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1017/S0260210507007309. JSTOR 20097950. S2CID 143580570.
Yllö, Kersti; Torres, M. Gabriela, eds. (2016). Marital Rape: Consent, Marriage and Social Change in Global Context. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (October 2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review. 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Bergen, Raquel Kennedy (2016). "An Overview of Marital Rape Research in the United States: Limitations and Implications for Cross-Cultural Research.". Marital Rape. pp. 19–28. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0002. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263. Stanton: "'Woman's degradation is in man's idea of his sexual rights,' Stanton wrote to Anthony. 'How this marriage question grows on me. It lies at the very foundation of all progress.'" Stone: "It is clear to me, that [the marriage] question underlies, this whole movement and all our little skirmishing for better laws, and the right to vote, will yet be swallowed up, in the real question, viz, has woman, as wife, a right to herself? It is very little to me to have the right to vote, to own property &c. if I may not keep my body, and its uses, in my absolute right. Not one wife in a thousand can do that now, & so long as she suffers this bondage, all other rights will not help her to her true position.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1435–43. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1444–51. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1482–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Frank, David John; Bayliss J. Camp; Steven A. Boutcher (1 December 2010). "Worldwide Trends in the Criminal Regulation of Sex, 1945 to 2005". American Sociological Review. 75 (6): 867–893 [871]. doi:10.1177/0003122410388493. S2CID 5216878.
Bensussan, P. (2009). "Marital rape according to French law: Desire, need and consent". Sexologies. 18 (3): 182–185. doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2009.04.001. ISSN 1158-1360.
Nigam, Shalu (3 June 2015). "The Social and Legal Paradox Relating to Marital Rape in India: Addressing Structural Inequalities". doi:10.2139/ssrn.2613447. SSRN 2613447. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
Kwiatkowski, Lynn (2016). "Marital Sexual Violence, Structural Vulnerability, and Misplaced Responsibility in Northern Việt Nam". Marital Rape. pp. 55–74. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0005. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Torres, M. Gabriela (2016). "Reconciling Cultural Difference in the Study of Marital Rape". Marital Rape. pp. 9–18. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Menjívar, Cecilia (2016). "Normalizing Suffering, Robadas, Coercive Power, and Marital Unions Among Ladinas in Eastern Guatemala". Marital Rape. pp. 75–86. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0006. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Abeya, Sileshi Garoma; Afework, Mesganaw Fantahun; Yalew, Alemayeh Worku (2012). "Reproductive Health - Full text - Intimate partner violence against women in western Ethiopia: a qualitative study on attitudes, woman's response, and suggested measures as perceived by community members". Reproductive Health. 9: 14. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-9-14. PMC 3453497. PMID 22906066.
Basile, Kathleen C. (October 2002). "Prevalence of Wife Rape and Other Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women". Violence and Victims. 17 (5): 511–524. doi:10.1891/vivi.17.5.511.33717. ISSN 0886-6708. PMID 12477095. S2CID 626022.
PNS Rumney (1999). "When rape isn't rape: court of appeal sentencing practice in cases of marital and relationship rape". Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. 19 (2): 243–270. doi:10.1093/ojls/19.2.243. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
Smith, Daniel Jordan (2016). "Modern Marriage, Masculinity, and Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria". Marital Rape. pp. 41–54. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0004. ISBN 978-0-19-023836-0.
Carpenter, R. Charli (2000). "Surfacing Children: Limitations of Genocidal Rape Discourse". Human Rights Quarterly. 22 (2): 428–477. doi:10.1353/hrq.2000.0020. JSTOR 4489285. S2CID 143933912.
Naved, Ruchira Tabassum (2013). "Sexual Violence Towards Married Women in Bangladesh". Arch Sex Behav. 42 (4): 595–602. doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0045-1. PMID 23254953. S2CID 12301979.
Umberson, Debra; Anderson, Kristin L.; Williams, Kristi; Chen, Meichu D. (2003). "Relationship Dynamics, Emotion State, and Domestic Violence: A Stress and Masculinities Perspective". Journal of Marriage and Family. 65 (1): 233–247. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00233.x. JSTOR 3600062.
Martin, Elaine K.; Taft, Casey T.; Resick, Patricia A. (2007). "A review of marital rape". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 12 (3): 329–347. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2006.10.003.
Russell, Kirsten J.; Hand, Christopher J. (2017). "Rape myth acceptance, victim blame attribution and Just World Beliefs: A rapid evidence assessment". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 37: 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2017.10.008. S2CID 148973779.
Peterman, Amber; Tia Palermo; Caryn Bredenkamp (June 2011). "Estimates and Determinants of Sexual Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo". American Journal of Public Health. 101 (6): 1060–1067. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300070. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 3093289. PMID 21566049.

eipr.org

"B. The State's Response to Sexual Violence | Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights". Egyptian Initiative of Personal Rights. Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2018.

eurasianet.org

"Women, Violence, and Tajikistan". Archived from the original on 1 July 2001. Retrieved 1 July 2001.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

"Microsoft Word - Report5811JLSdomesticviolenceEN_Word_finalRV.doc" (PDF). Ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

fao.org

"Women's property and use rights in personal laws". www.fao.org. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

forward.com

Ruttenberg, Danya (3 June 2015). "Actually, Dr. Ruth, the Talmud Does Not OK Rape". Forward. Retrieved 24 July 2023.

frauenkultur.co.uk

Brownmiller, Susan (1975). Against Our Will (PDF). Simon & Schuster. pp. 381–382. Retrieved 14 April 2024.

freedomhouse.org

"Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa 2010". Freedom House. March 2010. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

gcu.ac.uk

researchonline.gcu.ac.uk

Russell, Kirsten J.; Hand, Christopher J. (2017). "Rape myth acceptance, victim blame attribution and Just World Beliefs: A rapid evidence assessment". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 37: 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2017.10.008. S2CID 148973779.

genderindex.org

"Gender Equality in Central African Republic - Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI)". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Gender Equality in Peru | Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI)". Genderindex.org. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Yemen". www.genderindex.org. The OECD Development Centre’s Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI). Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

gesetze-im-internet.de

"German Criminal Code". Strafgesetzbuch. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

globalcitizen.org

"Marital Rape Is Still Legal in Morocco Despite Brand New Domestic Violence Law". Global Citizen. 1 March 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

globaljusticecenter.net

"Domestic Criminal Laws that Conflict with International Law - Burma's Abortion and Rape Laws: a Case Study". Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2013.

goforthelaw.com

"Matrimonial Rape - Exemption from Prosecution for Husband - State of the Law in England, Scotland, and India". Criminal Law Journal, Nagpur: 357–368. 2005. ISSN 0011-1325. Retrieved 22 August 2015 – via Goforthelaw.com.

goss-online.org

"Government of the Republic of South Sudan - Official Portal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 September 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

gov.ag

laws.gov.ag

"Sexual Offences Act 1995" (PDF). Parliament of Antigua ad Barbuda. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

hawaii.edu

"Marital Rape" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.

hbv-awareness.com

"FAQ". Honour Based Violence Awareness Network. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

hiddenhurt.co.uk

"Marital Rape". Hiddenhurt.co.uk. 17 June 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

honordiaries.com

"Honor Violence FACTSHEET" (PDF). Honor Diaries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

hrw.org

"Q & A: Child Marriage and Violations of Girls' Rights". Human Rights Watch. 14 June 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Policy Paralysis: A Call for Action on HIV/AIDS-Related Human Rights Abuses Against Women and Girls in Africa" (PDF). Human Rights Watch. December 2003. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
Ali, Nada (18 August 2008). "The costs of marital rape in Southern Africa". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
Klasing, Amanda (24 January 2012). "A chance for Congress to help Haitian women". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 10 May 2012. The penal code includes penalties for rape but does not address marital rape.
"Kuwait: Events of 2017". World Report 2018: Rights Trends in Kuwait. Human Rights Watch. 20 December 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
"Lebanon: Reform Rape Laws". Human Rights Watch. 19 December 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
"Palestine: 'Marry-Your-Rapist' Law Repealed". Human Rights Watch. 10 May 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
"No Way Out". Human Rights Watch. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
"World Report 2018: Rights Trends in United Arab Emirates". Human Rights Watch. 20 December 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

hs.fi

"Helsingin Sanomat - International Edition - Foreign". Hs.fi. Archived from the original on 29 August 2006. Retrieved 15 June 2013.

icrc.org

"Treaties, States parties, and Commentaries – Geneva Convention (IV) on Civilians, 1949 - - Section I : Provisions common to the territories of the parties to the conflict and to occupied territories". Icrc.org. 12 August 1949. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

icty.org

"Kunarac, Vukovic and Kovac - Judgement - Part IV". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

ihf-hr.org

"Kazakhstan". Women 2000: An Investigation into the Status of Women's Rights in Central and South-Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent States. International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights. 9 November 2000. Archived from the original on 30 July 2009.

ilo.org

"Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2016" (PDF). Commonwealth of Dominica. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

indiacode.nic.in

"Section 375: Rape". Indian Penal Code. Retrieved 18 February 2023. Exception 2. Sexual intercourse or sexual acts by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age, is not rape.

indianexpress.com

"An offence, of course". Indian Express. 15 January 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

"Criminal recognition to marital rape in India is long overdue". The Times of India. 4 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

irishstatutebook.ie

Temkin, Jennifer (2002). "Defining and redefining rape". In Temkin, Jennifer (ed.). Rape and the legal process (2nd ed.). Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 86. ISBN 9780198763543.
Citing:
- "Criminal Law (Rape) (Amendment) Act, 1990, section 5". irishstatutebook.ie. Irish Statute Book. Archived from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
- "Criminal Law (Rape) Act 1981, Section 2". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
- "Criminal Law (Rape) (Amendment) Act, 1990". Irish Statute Book. Section 21 and Schedule, No.5, Section 5. Retrieved 26 April 2016.

irishtimes.com

"Second Opinion: School-based consent education won't stop sexual violence". The Irish Times. 7 April 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
Holland, Kitty (26 July 2016). "Marital rape remains extremely difficult to prosecute". The Irish Times. Retrieved 26 July 2016.

jade.io

R v L [1991] HCA 48; 174 CLR, per Mason C.J., Deane and Toohey JJ.

jstor.org

Bovarnick, Silvie (2007). "Universal Human Rights and Non-Western Normative Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Violence against Women in Mexico and Pakistan". Review of International Studies. 33 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1017/S0260210507007309. JSTOR 20097950. S2CID 143580570.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (October 2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review. 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263. Stanton: "'Woman's degradation is in man's idea of his sexual rights,' Stanton wrote to Anthony. 'How this marriage question grows on me. It lies at the very foundation of all progress.'" Stone: "It is clear to me, that [the marriage] question underlies, this whole movement and all our little skirmishing for better laws, and the right to vote, will yet be swallowed up, in the real question, viz, has woman, as wife, a right to herself? It is very little to me to have the right to vote, to own property &c. if I may not keep my body, and its uses, in my absolute right. Not one wife in a thousand can do that now, & so long as she suffers this bondage, all other rights will not help her to her true position.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1435–43. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1444–51. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Palczewski, Catherine Helen (1 October 1995). "Voltairine de Cleyre: Sexual Slavery and Sexual Pleasure in the Nineteenth Century". NWSA Journal. 7 (3): 54–68 [60]. ISSN 1040-0656. JSTOR 4316402.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1482–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Motalingoane-Khau, Mathabo (2007). "'But He is My Husband! How Can That be Rape?': Exploring Silences around Date and Marital Rape in Lesotho". Agenda: Empowering Women for Gender Equity (74): 58–66. JSTOR 27739343.
Carpenter, R. Charli (2000). "Surfacing Children: Limitations of Genocidal Rape Discourse". Human Rights Quarterly. 22 (2): 428–477. doi:10.1353/hrq.2000.0020. JSTOR 4489285. S2CID 143933912.
Umberson, Debra; Anderson, Kristin L.; Williams, Kristi; Chen, Meichu D. (2003). "Relationship Dynamics, Emotion State, and Domestic Violence: A Stress and Masculinities Perspective". Journal of Marriage and Family. 65 (1): 233–247. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00233.x. JSTOR 3600062.

jurawelt.com

"Microsoft Word - 1Deckblatt.doc" (PDF). Jurawelt.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

kubatana.net

"CRIMINAL LAW (CODIFICATION AND REFORM) ACT [CHAPTER 9:23]" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2013.

lawcommissionofindia.nic.in

"LAW COMMISSION OF INDIA". www.lawcommissionofindia.nic.in. Retrieved 14 June 2020.

lawreform.ie

"Consultation Paper: Rape". Dublin: Law Reform Commission. 1 December 1987. §21. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
"Report: Rape and Allied Offences". LRC 24. Dublin: Law Reform Commission. May 1988. §18. Retrieved 26 April 2016.

lawteacher.net

"Domestic Violence". Archived from the original on 7 September 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

lawyereadia.wordpress.com

Khan, Myra (20 February 2015). "Rape Laws in Pakistan". The Legal Brief. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

legalresearchnetwork.eu

"Nothing But The Legal Truth" (DOC). Legalresearchnetwork.eu. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

legislation.govt.nz

"128 Sexual violation defined – Crimes Act 1961 No 43 (as at 7 November 2015)". New Zealand Legislation. 7 November 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2016.

legislation.sa.gov.au

"An Act to amend the Criminal Law Consolidation Act, 1935-1975" (PDF). legislation.sa.gov.au. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

lexisnexis.com

"LexisNexis® Custom Solution: Tennessee Code Research Tool". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

lexpress.mu

Collen, Lindsey; Kistnasamy, Kisna; Lallah, Rajni (23 April 2007). "Rape and the Sexual Offences Bill: Beyond the illogical, punitive attitude…". l'express. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.

livelaw.in

jain, akanksha (17 January 2018). "Marital Rape: Married, Married But Separated, & Unmarried-Classifying Rape Victims Is Unconstitutional: Petitioners Submit Before Delhi HC [Read Written Submissions]". www.livelaw.in. Retrieved 23 March 2019.

malaysiakini.com

"Sex a conjugal right". 6 September 2004. Archived from the original on 8 September 2004. Retrieved 8 September 2004.
"Remove exception to marital rape in the law". 12 June 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

maldivestimes.com

"Cleric apologises for marital rape comment". Maldives Times. 23 January 2018. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

marquette.edu

scholarship.law.marquette.edu

Schelong, K.M. (1994). "Domestic Violence and the State: Response to and Rationales for Spousal Battering, Marital Rape and Stalking". Marquette Law Review. 78 (1): 79–120.

mdg5watch.org

Asian-Pacific Resource and Research Centre (ARROW). "China: MDG 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Woman". Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 8 March 2011. China has no legal provisions for marital rape and the main reason for this is in deference to a prevailing cultural perception that wives are supposed to submit to their husband's wishes in matters of sexual relations and hence, there is no such concept of 'rape' within marriage or 'rape' being considered a form of violence within the marriage.

mdx.ac.uk

"Extracts from William Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England 1765-1769". Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2015.

miami.edu

faculty.law.miami.edu

For example, People v. Liberta 64 N.Y.2d 152, 474 N.E.2d 567, 485 N.Y.S.2d 207 (1984) New York, in 1984, in People v. Liberta at the Wayback Machine (archived August 7, 2015)

middleeasteye.net

Khouili, Ramy; Levine-Spound, Daniel (29 September 2017). "Anti-violence law is another victory for Tunisian women". Middle East Eye.

msmagazine.com

"German Law Criminalizes Marital Rape". Msmagazine.com. 16 June 1997. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

mvcr.cz

aplikace.mvcr.cz

"Chapter 7, Section 2, § 238. Znásilnění". Trestní zákon. Ministry of Interior. 18 July 1950. pp. 248–249. Retrieved 14 April 2024.

nationalgeographic.com

Mayell, Hillary (12 February 2002). "Thousands of Women Killed for Family 'Honor'". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

nationmultimedia.com

"Anger over proposed change to rape laws". Nationmultimedia.com. 28 February 2007. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

nayadaur.tv

Khan, Usman (23 October 2019). "Criminalising Marital Rape In Pakistan". Naya Daur. Retrieved 15 March 2022.

ncvc.org

"The National Center for Victims of Crime - Library/Document Viewer". Ncvc.org. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

newsdeeply.com

Wright, Emily (26 June 2017). "Bolivia: Home to Latin America's Highest Rates of Sexual Violence". Women and Girls. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Spain. Tribunal, Supremo (May 1992). "[Judgment of 24 April 1992]". Actual Jurid Aranzadi (54): 1, 7. PMID 12293730.
Abeya, Sileshi Garoma; Afework, Mesganaw Fantahun; Yalew, Alemayeh Worku (2012). "Reproductive Health - Full text - Intimate partner violence against women in western Ethiopia: a qualitative study on attitudes, woman's response, and suggested measures as perceived by community members". Reproductive Health. 9: 14. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-9-14. PMC 3453497. PMID 22906066.
Basile, Kathleen C. (October 2002). "Prevalence of Wife Rape and Other Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women". Violence and Victims. 17 (5): 511–524. doi:10.1891/vivi.17.5.511.33717. ISSN 0886-6708. PMID 12477095. S2CID 626022.
Naved, Ruchira Tabassum (2013). "Sexual Violence Towards Married Women in Bangladesh". Arch Sex Behav. 42 (4): 595–602. doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0045-1. PMID 23254953. S2CID 12301979.
Peterman, Amber; Tia Palermo; Caryn Bredenkamp (June 2011). "Estimates and Determinants of Sexual Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo". American Journal of Public Health. 101 (6): 1060–1067. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300070. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 3093289. PMID 21566049.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Abeya, Sileshi Garoma; Afework, Mesganaw Fantahun; Yalew, Alemayeh Worku (2012). "Reproductive Health - Full text - Intimate partner violence against women in western Ethiopia: a qualitative study on attitudes, woman's response, and suggested measures as perceived by community members". Reproductive Health. 9: 14. doi:10.1186/1742-4755-9-14. PMC 3453497. PMID 22906066.
Peterman, Amber; Tia Palermo; Caryn Bredenkamp (June 2011). "Estimates and Determinants of Sexual Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo". American Journal of Public Health. 101 (6): 1060–1067. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300070. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 3093289. PMID 21566049.

notable-quotes.com

"Bertrand Russell Quotes". Notable-quotes.com. Retrieved 15 June 2013.

nytimes.com

"Justice in Peru: Victim Gets Rapist for a Husband". New York Times. 12 March 1997. Retrieved 10 August 2017.

oas.org

"The Convention of Belem do Para and the Istanbul Convention" (PDF). Oas.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"GRENADA - REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE CEVI SECOND ROUND" (PDF). www.oas.org. OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development. 15 August 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2018.

ohchr.org

Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (8 July 2016). "Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women considers the report of Albania". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
Banda, Fareda (6 March 2008). "Project on a Mechanism to Address Laws that Discriminate Against Women" (PDF). Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights – Women's Rights and Gender Unit. pp. 85–87.
"Human Rights Council adopts outcomes of Universal Periodic Review of Papua New Guinea, Tajikistan and Tanzania". www.ohchr.org. OHCHR. 22 September 2016. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

www2.ohchr.org

"DENMARK : Human rights violations and concerns in the context of counter-terrorism, immigration-detention, forcible return of rejected asylum-seekers and violence against women" (PDF). Ohchr.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

docstore.ohchr.org

"Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

oireachtas.ie

oireachtasdebates.oireachtas.ie

"Criminal Law (Rape) Bill, 1980: Committee Stage (Resumed)". Dáil Éireann debates. Oireachtas. 25 February 1981. Vol.327 cc.296–341. Retrieved 26 April 2016.

om.fi

"Ministry of Justice, Finland - Entry page". 17 February 2013. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013.

omct.org

"Violence Against Women in Colombia" (PDF). Omct.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

oremus.org

bible.oremus.org

osisa.org

"Marital Rape in South Africa – Enough is Enough | Open Society Initiative of Southern Africa". OSISA. 25 October 2012. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.

palemene.ws

"Crimes Act – 2013" (PDF). Legislative Assembly of Samoa. 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

pambazuka.org

"Pambazuka - Southern Africa: Justice for survivors of marital rape, how far has SADC come ?". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

parlamento.gub.uy

"EXTINCTION OF CERTAIN CRIMES BY MARRIAGE OF THE OFFENDER WITH THE OFFENDER". Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2013.

perspectivesonglobalissues.com

O'Reilly, Devon. "Women's Transformations during Conflict". Perspectives on Global Issues; NYU Center for Global Affairs. Retrieved 24 January 2013.

plan-uk.org

"Early and forced marriage - facts, figures and what you can do". Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2014.

popcouncil.org

"FORCED SEXUAL RELATIONS among married young women in developing countries" (PDF). Population Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2010.

ppsni.gov.uk

"Policy for Prosecuting Cases of Rape" (PDF). Public Prosecution Service for Northern Ireland. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

prenhall.com

wps.prenhall.com

"SELECTED MODEL PENAL CODE PROVISIONS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 5 August 2013.

publishing.service.gov.uk

assets.publishing.service.gov.uk

"Country Policy and Information Note - Libya: Women" (PDF). UK Home Office. January 2018. p. 7.3.2. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

qlrc.qld.gov.au

"Reform of the Law of Rape" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.

quing.eu

"Quality in Gender+ Equality Policies : European Commission Sixth Framework Programme Integrated Project" (PDF). Quing.eu. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Quality in Gender+ Equality Policies : European Commission Sixth Framework Programme Integrated Project" (PDF). Quing.eu. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

rainn.org

"Intimate Partner Sexual Violence". Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network. Retrieved 9 May 2013.

rcsd.net

"RCSD Sex Offender Registry Information". Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2013.

refworld.org

"Refworld | Namibia: Domestic violence, including state protection, services and recourse available to victims". Unhcr.org. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"Barbados: Domestic violence, including legislation; recourse and support services available to victims (2015-January 2017)". Refworld. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld - Peru: Domestic violence, including legislation; state protection and services available to victims (2011-February 2014)". Refworld. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

religiousconsultation.org

"Amnesty International: Report on Violence Against Women". Religiousconsultation.org. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

retepariopportunita.it

"Intercultural Dialogue on Violence against Women" (PDF). Retepariopportunita.it. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

retsinformation.dk

"Straffeloven - Bekendtgørelse af straffeloven - retsinformation.dk". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

reuters.com

"Nauru legalizes homosexuality, criminalizes marital rape and slavery". Reuters. 31 May 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
"Factbox: Women's rights in the Arab world". Reuters. 12 November 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2016.

s3.amazonaws.com

Cummings, D. (1957). "THE 85 CANONS OF THE HOLY AND RENOWNED APOSTLES TOGETHER WITH AN INTERPRETATION OF THEM IN THE COMMON DIALECT OF MODERN GREEK (TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH)" (PDF). The Rudder. Orthodox Christian Educational Society. pp. 720–721. ... this course ought to be adopted by agreement between both parties—that is to say by both the husband and the wife agreeing thereto.

scmp.com

Moy, Patsy (23 November 2003). "Publicity urged for law on marital rape". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 18 February 2023.

scnu.edu.cn

lib.scnu.edu.cn

"An overview of the legal and cultural issues for migrant Muslim women of the European union: A focus on domestic violence and Italy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.

scstatehouse.gov

"Code of Laws - Title 16 - Chapter 3 - Offenses Against The Person". www.scstatehouse.gov.

sefaria.org

"Proverbs 19:2, JPS 1917 translation". Sefaria. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
"Eruvin 100b, The William Davidson Talmud". Sefaria. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
Touger, Eliyahu; ben Maimon, Moshe (2007). Mishneh Torah, Human Dispositions. Moznaim Publishing. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
Karo, Yosef. Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
Karo, Yosef. Shulchan Arukh, Even HaEzer. Sefaria. Retrieved 24 July 2023.

selfscholar.wordpress.com

"The Middle East's "Rape-Marriage" Laws". Selfscholar. 18 July 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2017.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Bovarnick, Silvie (2007). "Universal Human Rights and Non-Western Normative Systems: A Comparative Analysis of Violence against Women in Mexico and Pakistan". Review of International Studies. 33 (1): 59–74. doi:10.1017/S0260210507007309. JSTOR 20097950. S2CID 143580570.
Frank, David John; Bayliss J. Camp; Steven A. Boutcher (1 December 2010). "Worldwide Trends in the Criminal Regulation of Sex, 1945 to 2005". American Sociological Review. 75 (6): 867–893 [871]. doi:10.1177/0003122410388493. S2CID 5216878.
Basile, Kathleen C. (October 2002). "Prevalence of Wife Rape and Other Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women". Violence and Victims. 17 (5): 511–524. doi:10.1891/vivi.17.5.511.33717. ISSN 0886-6708. PMID 12477095. S2CID 626022.
Carpenter, R. Charli (2000). "Surfacing Children: Limitations of Genocidal Rape Discourse". Human Rights Quarterly. 22 (2): 428–477. doi:10.1353/hrq.2000.0020. JSTOR 4489285. S2CID 143933912.
Naved, Ruchira Tabassum (2013). "Sexual Violence Towards Married Women in Bangladesh". Arch Sex Behav. 42 (4): 595–602. doi:10.1007/s10508-012-0045-1. PMID 23254953. S2CID 12301979.
Russell, Kirsten J.; Hand, Christopher J. (2017). "Rape myth acceptance, victim blame attribution and Just World Beliefs: A rapid evidence assessment". Aggression and Violent Behavior. 37: 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2017.10.008. S2CID 148973779.

sexualrightsdatabase.org

"Egypt". National Sexual Rights Law and Policy Database. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
"Maldives". sexualrightsdatabase.org. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

smh.com.au

"Malaysian jailed for marital rape". Sydney Morning Herald. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

somaliweyn.com

"Provisional Constitution" (PDF). Federal Government of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2014.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Grabanski, Chloe R.; Lamade, Raina V.; Guarini, Brandon C.; Rosa, Angie M. (2023). "Intimate Partner Rape". Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Springer, Cham. pp. 1–11. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_1241-1. ISBN 978-3-031-08956-5.

ssrn.com

papers.ssrn.com

Nigam, Shalu (3 June 2015). "The Social and Legal Paradox Relating to Marital Rape in India: Addressing Structural Inequalities". doi:10.2139/ssrn.2613447. SSRN 2613447. Retrieved 25 September 2023.

stanford.edu

swap.stanford.edu

"Government of the Republic of South Sudan - Official Portal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 September 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

statcan.gc.ca

"Legislative Influences". Statcan.gc.ca. 18 August 2010. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
"Selected Changes in Justice Legislation" (PDF). 17 May 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2011.

state.gov

"Afghanistan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Algeria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Armenia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Australia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Azerbaijan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"The Bahamas 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bahrain 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bangladesh 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Barbados 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Belize 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Benin 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bhutan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bolivia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bosnia and Herzegovina 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Botswana 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Brunei 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Bulgaria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Burundi 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Canada 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Cambodia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau) 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Colombia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Democratic Republic of Congo 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Costa Rica 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Croatia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Cuba 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Cyprus 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Cyprus - the Area Administered by Turkish Cypriots 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
"Czech Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Denmark 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Dominican Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Timor-Leste 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Ecuador 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Egypt 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"El Salvador 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
"Estonia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Fiji 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Finland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"France 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Gambia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Germany 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Greece 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Grenada 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Guatemala 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Guinea-Bissau 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Guyana 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Haiti 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Honduras 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Hungary 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"India 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Indonesia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Iran 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Iraq 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Ireland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Israel 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Italy 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Jamaica 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Japan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Jordan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Kazakhstan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Kenya 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Kiribati 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"South Korea 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Kuwait 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Kyrgyz Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Laos 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Lebanon 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
"Lesotho 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Libya 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Liechtenstein 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Luxembourg 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Malawi 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mali, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Marshall Islands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mauritania, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mauritius, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mexico 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Moldova 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mongolia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Morocco 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mozambique 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Burma 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Namibia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Nauru 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Netherlands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"New Zealand 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Nicaragua 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Norway 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Oman 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Palau 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Panama 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Papua New Guinea 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Paraguay 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Peru 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Philippines 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Poland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Portugal 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Qatar 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Romania 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Rwanda 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Saint Lucia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"San Marino 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Sao Tome and Principe 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Saudi Arabia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Serbia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Seychelles 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Sierra Leone 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Slovakia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Slovenia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Solomon Islands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Somalia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"South Africa 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"South Sudan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Spain 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Sri Lanka 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Sudan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Suriname 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Sweden 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Switzerland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Syria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Taiwan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Tanzania 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Thailand 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Togo 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Tonga 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Trinidad and Tobago 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Tunisia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Turkey 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Tuvalu 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Ukraine 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"United Arab Emirates 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"United Kingdom 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Uruguay 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Uzbekistan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Vanuatu 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Venezuela 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Vietnam 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Yemen 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Zambia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Zimbabwe 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

2009-2017.state.gov

Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Andorra, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Angola, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Argentina, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Austria, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Brazil, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Cabo Verde, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Chile, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Congo, Republic of the, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Latvia, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Lithuania, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Malta, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Monaco, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Montenegro, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Macedonia, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 9 October 2018.

stopvaw.org

"The War At Home : Gender Based Violence Indicators Project". Stopvaw.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Croatia". Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

tehelka.com

Kalpana Sharma (10 November 2010). "Contradictions and confusion cloud rape laws. The result is miscarriage of justice". Tehelka. Archived from the original on 3 February 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

telegraph.co.uk

Peter Foster (27 October 2006). "India outlaws wife-beating and marital rape". The Telegraph. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

teresakok.com

Kok, Teresa (15 September 2007). "Mixed reaction to marital rape reform". Sassy MP. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2010.

thecuttingedgenews.com

"The Cutting Edge News". Retrieved 14 July 2016.

theequalityeffect.org

Kamyongolo, Ngeyi Ruth; Malunga, Bernadette (May 2011). "The Treatment of Consent in Sexual Assault Law in Malawi" (PDF). Theequalityeffect.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

theguardian.com

Claire Provost (6 July 2011). "UN Women justice report: get the data". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

thehimalayantimes.com

"New law sets five-year jail term for marital rape". The Himalayan Times. 29 October 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2018.

themalaymailonline.com

"Marital rape will remain non-crime, law minister announces". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

theweek.in

"Why India's law still allows men to rape their wives". The Week. Retrieved 25 September 2023.

timeslive.co.za

Chelemu, Khethiwe. "Wife's seven-year wait for justice". Times. Johannesburg. Retrieved 29 January 2012. The Krugersdorp Magistrate's Court sentenced her 48-year-old former husband [Frederik Christiaan Bossert] to an effective 12 years in jail last week for physically abusing and repeatedly raping [Annelise] Kriek during their marriage. Kriek's court action became the first reported case of rape in a marriage since the Domestic Violence Act was introduced in 1996.

tn.gov

wapp.capitol.tn.gov

"Tennessee General Assembly » Legislation". Retrieved 22 August 2015.

ucanews.com

"priest signs online petition to criminalize marital rape". ucanews.com. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

uchastings.edu

repository.uchastings.edu

Rhonda Copleon (1994). "Surfacing Gender: Re-Engraving Crimes Against Women in Humanitarian Law". Hastings Women's Law Journal. 5. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

uchicago.edu

chicagounbound.uchicago.edu

Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1373–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263. Stanton: "'Woman's degradation is in man's idea of his sexual rights,' Stanton wrote to Anthony. 'How this marriage question grows on me. It lies at the very foundation of all progress.'" Stone: "It is clear to me, that [the marriage] question underlies, this whole movement and all our little skirmishing for better laws, and the right to vote, will yet be swallowed up, in the real question, viz, has woman, as wife, a right to herself? It is very little to me to have the right to vote, to own property &c. if I may not keep my body, and its uses, in my absolute right. Not one wife in a thousand can do that now, & so long as she suffers this bondage, all other rights will not help her to her true position.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1435–43. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1444–51. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.
Hasday, Jill Elaine (2000). "Contest and Consent: A Legal History of Marital Rape". California Law Review (Submitted manuscript). 88 (5): 1482–1505. doi:10.2307/3481263. JSTOR 3481263.

umich.edu

repository.law.umich.edu

Elvy, Stacy-Ann (2015). "A Postcolonial Theory of Spousal Rape: The Carribean and Beyond". Michigan Journal of Gender and Law. 22 (1): 94. Retrieved 17 October 2018.

un.org

Ending Violence Against Women: From Words to Action (PDF). United Nations. 2006. p. 113. ISBN 9789211127034. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Concluding comments of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women: Chile" (PDF). Un.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
Stefiszyn, Karen (12 May 2008). A Brief Overview of Recent Developments in Sexual Offences Legislation in Southern Africa (PDF). Expert Group Meeting on good practices in legislation on violence against women. (Report). UN. p. 4. EGM/GPLVAW/2008/EP.04. In the sexual offences legislation of Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, and South Africa, rape within marriage is illegal.
UN Committee on Elimination of Discrimination against Women (24 July 2009). "Lao People's Democratic Republic boasts new legislation, machinery to improve women's lot, but expert committee faults rape, domestic violence policies". WOM/1743. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2011.

documents-dds-ny.un.org

UN Committee Against Torture (CAT) (20 January 2011). Concluding observations of the Committee against Torture: Cambodia (PDF) (Report). CAT/C/KHM/CO/2. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
In-depth study on all forms of violence against women (PDF). United Nations (Report). 6 July 2006. A/61/122/Add.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic reports of Lebanon (PDF). Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (Report). United Nations. November 2015. CEDAW/C/LBN/CO/4-5. Retrieved 15 October 2018.

unfpa.org

"Child Marriage Factsheet: State of World Population 2005". UNFPA. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

unhcr.org

"Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, Its Causes and Consequences, Yakin Ertürk : addendum: mission to Ghana". 2008.
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld | Honduras: Domestic violence; legislation and protection available to victims (2007-2009)". Unhcr.org. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

unicef.org

"Ministry of Finance and Economic Development and UNICEF in Ethiopia : PROGRESS IN ABANDONING FEMALE GENITAL MULTILATION / CUTTING AND CHILD MARRIAGE IN SELF-DECLARED WOREDAS" (PDF). Unicef.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

unodc.org

"PENAL CODE OF BHUTAN, 2004" (PDF). Unodc.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Criminal Code of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 2003" (PDF). UNODC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
"Article 285" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 October 2017. Any person who by using force or threat of force forces a woman to have sexual intercourse with him out of marriage, shall, being guilty of rape, shall be punished with a maximum imprisonment of twelve years.

unvienna.org

unis.unvienna.org

"Anti-Discrimination Committee Takes Up Situation of Women in Turkey". UN Information Service. 21 January 2005.

unwomen.org

sgdatabase.unwomen.org

"THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
"Combating of Rape Act, No. 8 of 2000" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"CRIMINAL CODE OF 1996, AMENDED IN 2004". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
"AMENDMENT TO PENAL CODE 1998". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 24 October 2006. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 13 December 2000. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 25 September 2009. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
"The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 28 August 2012. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.

progress.unwomen.org

"Progress of the World's Women 2015-2016" (PDF). My Favorite News. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

unwomen.org

"Handbook for Legislation on Violence Against Women" (PDF). Unwomen.oreg. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

asiapacific.unwomen.org

"Tuvalu". UN Women Asia and the Pacific. Retrieved 14 October 2018.

up.ac.za

chr.up.ac.za

"UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA - CENTRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS : Helen Kanzira Lecture" (PDF). Chr.up.ac.za. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

uradni-list.si

With the new 1974 Yugoslav Constitution each republic adopted their own Criminal Act, with Socialist Republic of Slovenia introducing rape of wife in its 1977 Criminal Act; (any) rape is not gender specific since 1995 Criminal Code (Art. 180), current Criminal Code is from 2008 (Art. 170)

usgwarchives.net

files.usgwarchives.net

"Source: Reports Of Cases Adjudged In The Supreme Court Of Mississippi : Written: 1834 : Recorded: 1818 : CALVIN BRADLEY vs. THE STATE" (TXT). Files.usgwarchives.net. pp. 156–157. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

utoronto.ca

tspace.library.utoronto.ca

Sev'er, Aysan; Yurdakul, Gökçe (9 September 2001). "Culture of Honor, Culture of Change - A Feminist Analysis of Honor Killings in Rural Turkey" (PDF). University of Toronto. Retrieved 7 October 2018.

vakilno1.com

"The Protection of Women From Domestic Violence Act, 2005". Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.

wcwonline.org

"Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 23 of Year 2004 Regarding Elimination of Violence in Household" (PDF). President of Indonesia. Retrieved 18 February 2023 – via wcwonline.org.

web.archive.org

"Extracts from William Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England 1765-1769". Archived from the original on 5 October 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
"Sex a conjugal right". 6 September 2004. Archived from the original on 8 September 2004. Retrieved 8 September 2004.
"UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA - CENTRE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS : Helen Kanzira Lecture" (PDF). Chr.up.ac.za. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2017. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
"Progress of the World's Women 2015-2016" (PDF). My Favorite News. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"Domestic Criminal Laws that Conflict with International Law - Burma's Abortion and Rape Laws: a Case Study". Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
"THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
"Combating of Rape Act, No. 8 of 2000" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
"PENAL CODE OF BHUTAN, 2004" (PDF). Unodc.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
""There are many examples from different countries, mainly from the 1990s, but some even more recent than that, where judges handed down lenient sentences simply because the perpetrator claimed to have acted out of respect for his culture, tradition, religion or custom or to restore his so-called honour" (explanations regarding the Istanbul Convention)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.
"CASE CLOSED - RAPE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE NORDIC COUNTRIES" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
"Voldtægt". Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
Temkin, Jennifer (2002). "Defining and redefining rape". In Temkin, Jennifer (ed.). Rape and the legal process (2nd ed.). Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. p. 86. ISBN 9780198763543.
Citing:
- "Criminal Law (Rape) (Amendment) Act, 1990, section 5". irishstatutebook.ie. Irish Statute Book. Archived from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
- "Selected Changes in Justice Legislation" (PDF). 17 May 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
- "The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Rape: Still a forgotten issue" (PDF). Archived from the original on 21 August 2004. Retrieved 21 August 2004.
- "Helsingin Sanomat - International Edition - Foreign". Hs.fi. Archived from the original on 29 August 2006. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
- "Legislation Dans Les Etats Membres du Conseil de L'Europe en Matiere de Violence A L'Egard des Femmes" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
- "German Law Criminalizes Marital Rape". Msmagazine.com. 16 June 1997. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- "Microsoft Word - 1Deckblatt.doc" (PDF). Jurawelt.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "Criminal Code of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 2003" (PDF). UNODC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
- "The War At Home : Gender Based Violence Indicators Project". Stopvaw.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "An overview of the legal and cultural issues for migrant Muslim women of the European union: A focus on domestic violence and Italy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- "Intercultural Dialogue on Violence against Women" (PDF). Retepariopportunita.it. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "CRIMINAL CODE OF 1996, AMENDED IN 2004". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- "AMENDMENT TO PENAL CODE 1998". Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- "Croatia". Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 24 October 2006. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Anger over proposed change to rape laws". Nationmultimedia.com. 28 February 2007. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "Criminal recognition to marital rape in India is long overdue". The Times of India. 4 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
- "CRIMINAL LAW (CODIFICATION AND REFORM) ACT [CHAPTER 9:23]" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2013.
- Collen, Lindsey; Kistnasamy, Kisna; Lallah, Rajni (23 April 2007). "Rape and the Sexual Offences Bill: Beyond the illogical, punitive attitude…". l'express. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
- Kok, Teresa (15 September 2007). "Mixed reaction to marital rape reform". Sassy MP. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 15 February 2010.
- "Thailand outlaws marital rape". AFP. 22 June 2007. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
- "Rwanda: Final steps towards the adoption of a law to combat gender violence". Africa4womensrights.org. 13 February 2009. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
- "The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 25 September 2009. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "The Secretary General's database on violence against women". Sgdatabase.unwomen.org. 28 August 2012. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "The Criminal Offences (Amendment) Act 1999 reads at section 5 "Section 118 of the Principal Act is amended by deleting sub-section (2) and renumbering the subsequent sub-sections accordingly" (removed the exemption from the rape law)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- "Section 29 of the Family Protection Act 2013 reads: "Subject to clause 12 of the Constitution, in addition to liability under this Act, a respondent may also be prosecuted under other criminal laws for the time being in force for his acts if the facts disclose the commission of a separate criminal offence under those provisions. Note: For example, (without limitation), assault, offences endangering life and health, grievous bodily harm, rape, other sexual offences, murder and manslaughter and sexual exploitation through people trafficking and smuggling"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 February 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
- "Kazakhstan". Women 2000: An Investigation into the Status of Women's Rights in Central and South-Eastern Europe and the Newly Independent States. International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights. 9 November 2000. Archived from the original on 30 July 2009.
- "Marital Rape in South Africa – Enough is Enough | Open Society Initiative of Southern Africa". OSISA. 25 October 2012. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "SELECTED MODEL PENAL CODE PROVISIONS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
- "Marital Rape" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- "RCSD Sex Offender Registry Information". Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
- For example, People v. Liberta 64 N.Y.2d 152, 474 N.E.2d 567, 485 N.Y.S.2d 207 (1984) New York, in 1984, in People v. Liberta at the Wayback Machine (archived August 7, 2015)
- "CA Codes (pen:261-269)". Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Acting Like a Man: Seduction and Rape in the Law" (PDF). Griffith Law Review. 1993. ISSN 1038-3441. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022 – via commonlii.org.
- "Domestic Violence". Archived from the original on 7 September 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "S1 Rape:Sexual offences: Sentencing Manual: Legal Guidance: The Crown Prosecution Service". Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Policy for Prosecuting Cases of Rape" (PDF). Public Prosecution Service for Northern Ireland. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
- "Reform of the Law of Rape" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- "Patterns of rape : a preliminary Queensland perspective" (PDF). Aic.gov.au. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "WHO - Child marriages: 39 000 every day". Archived from the original on 14 March 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Early and forced marriage - facts, figures and what you can do". Archived from the original on 12 March 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
- "WHO - Gender, equity, human rights". Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "WHO - Gender, equity, human rights". Archived from the original on 26 January 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Women, Violence, and Tajikistan". Archived from the original on 1 July 2001. Retrieved 1 July 2001.
- "THE PENAL-CODE WITH AMENDMENTS" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
- "Handbook for Legislation on Violence Against Women" (PDF). Unwomen.oreg. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "FORCED SEXUAL RELATIONS among married young women in developing countries" (PDF). Population Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2010.
- "Honor Violence FACTSHEET" (PDF). Honor Diaries. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
- Mayell, Hillary (12 February 2002). "Thousands of Women Killed for Family 'Honor'". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
- "Valley paper criticized over pastor's column on spousal rape". Alaska Dispatch News. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "The War At Home: Gender Based Violence Indicators Project" (PDF). Alnap.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "Unicef Statistics". Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Ministry of Finance and Economic Development and UNICEF in Ethiopia : PROGRESS IN ABANDONING FEMALE GENITAL MULTILATION / CUTTING AND CHILD MARRIAGE IN SELF-DECLARED WOREDAS" (PDF). Unicef.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- Ali, Nada (18 August 2008). "The costs of marital rape in Southern Africa". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 19 August 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- "Afghanistan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Algeria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Women's Rights in the Middle East and North Africa 2010". Freedom House. March 2010. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
- "Sexual Offences Act 1995" (PDF). Parliament of Antigua ad Barbuda. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
- "Armenia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- In-depth study on all forms of violence against women (PDF). United Nations (Report). 6 July 2006. A/61/122/Add.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
- "Australia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Azerbaijan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "The Bahamas 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bahrain 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bangladesh 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Barbados 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Belize 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Benin 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bhutan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bolivia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bosnia and Herzegovina 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Botswana 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Brunei 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Bulgaria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Burundi 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Canada 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Cambodia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Gender Equality in Central African Republic - Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI)". Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
- Asian-Pacific Resource and Research Centre (ARROW). "China: MDG 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Woman". Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 8 March 2011. China has no legal provisions for marital rape and the main reason for this is in deference to a prevailing cultural perception that wives are supposed to submit to their husband's wishes in matters of sexual relations and hence, there is no such concept of 'rape' within marriage or 'rape' being considered a form of violence within the marriage.
- "China (includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau) 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Colombia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Democratic Republic of Congo 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Costa Rica 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Croatia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Cuba 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Cyprus 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Cyprus - the Area Administered by Turkish Cypriots 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
- "Czech Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Denmark 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Dominican Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Timor-Leste 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Ecuador 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Egypt 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "B. The State's Response to Sexual Violence | Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights". Egyptian Initiative of Personal Rights. Archived from the original on 9 January 2016. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
- "El Salvador 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
- "Estonia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Fiji 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Finland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "France 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Gambia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Germany 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Greece 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Grenada 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Guatemala 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Guinea-Bissau 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Guyana 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Haiti 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Honduras 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Hungary 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "India 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "The Protection of Women From Domestic Violence Act, 2005". Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
- "Indonesia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Article 285" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 October 2017. Any person who by using force or threat of force forces a woman to have sexual intercourse with him out of marriage, shall, being guilty of rape, shall be punished with a maximum imprisonment of twelve years.
- "Iran 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Iraq 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Ireland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Israel 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Italy 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Jamaica 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Japan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Jordan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Kazakhstan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Kenya 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Kiribati 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "South Korea 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Kuwait 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Kyrgyz Republic 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- UN Committee on Elimination of Discrimination against Women (24 July 2009). "Lao People's Democratic Republic boasts new legislation, machinery to improve women's lot, but expert committee faults rape, domestic violence policies". WOM/1743. Archived from the original on 27 November 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2011.
- "Laos 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Lebanon 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
- "Lesotho 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Libya 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Liechtenstein 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Luxembourg 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Malawi 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Cleric apologises for marital rape comment". Maldives Times. 23 January 2018. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mali, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Marshall Islands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mauritania, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (2017). "Mauritius, Section 6. § Women". Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017. U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Mexico 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Moldova 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Mongolia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Morocco 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Mozambique 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Burma 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Namibia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Nauru 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Netherlands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "New Zealand 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Nicaragua 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Norway 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Oman 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Palau 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Panama 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Papua New Guinea 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Paraguay 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Peru 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Philippines 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Poland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Portugal 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Gender Equality in Peru | Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI)". Genderindex.org. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
- "Qatar 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Romania 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Rwanda 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Saint Lucia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "San Marino 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sao Tome and Principe 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Saudi Arabia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Serbia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Seychelles 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sierra Leone 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sexual offences". statutes.agc.gov.sg. Attorney-General's Chambers. Archived from the original on 29 July 2013. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
- "Penal Code changes to protect vulnerable victims, minors to kick in on Jan 1, 2020". Channel News Asia. 27 December 2019. Archived from the original on 1 January 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- "Slovakia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Slovenia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Solomon Islands 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Provisional Constitution" (PDF). Federal Government of Somalia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
- "Somalia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "South Africa 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "South Sudan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Spain 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sri Lanka 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sudan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Suriname 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Sweden 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Switzerland 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Syria 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Taiwan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Tanzania 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Thailand 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Togo 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Tonga 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Trinidad and Tobago 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Tunisia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Turkey 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Tuvalu 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Ukraine 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "United Arab Emirates 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "United Kingdom 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "EXTINCTION OF CERTAIN CRIMES BY MARRIAGE OF THE OFFENDER WITH THE OFFENDER". Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
- "Uruguay 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Uzbekistan 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Vanuatu 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Venezuela 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Vietnam 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Yemen". www.genderindex.org. The OECD Development Centre’s Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI). Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018.
- "Yemen 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 16 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Zambia 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- "Zimbabwe 2017 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices". U.S. Department of State. Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor. 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 13 October 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

who.int

"WHO - Child marriages: 39 000 every day". Archived from the original on 14 March 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"WHO - Gender, equity, human rights". Archived from the original on 12 October 2006. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
"WHO - Gender, equity, human rights". Archived from the original on 26 January 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

whqlibdoc.who.int

"World report on violence and health" (PDF). Whqlibdoc.who.int. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

womanjournal.wordpress.com

"Sesso, matrimonio e legge". WOMAN's JOURNAL. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2015.

womensenews.org

Bhattarai, Tara (18 January 2012). "Taboos Undercut Nepal's Marital Rape Law | Women's eNews". Women's eNews. Retrieved 31 January 2012.

womensphere.wordpress.com

"Marital Rape – Ruling Seen as Move to Protect Spousal Right to Sex – Korea « womensphere". Womensphere.wordpress.com. 24 February 2009. Retrieved 14 May 2012.

worldbank.org

pubdocs.worldbank.org

"Women, Business and the Law - Data". World Bank. 2018. Retrieved 12 October 2018.

wbl.worldbank.org

"Lithuania, § Protecting women from violence". Women, Business and the Law report 2017. World Bank. 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2018.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Palczewski, Catherine Helen (1 October 1995). "Voltairine de Cleyre: Sexual Slavery and Sexual Pleasure in the Nineteenth Century". NWSA Journal. 7 (3): 54–68 [60]. ISSN 1040-0656. JSTOR 4316402.
Bensussan, P. (2009). "Marital rape according to French law: Desire, need and consent". Sexologies. 18 (3): 182–185. doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2009.04.001. ISSN 1158-1360.
"Acting Like a Man: Seduction and Rape in the Law" (PDF). Griffith Law Review. 1993. ISSN 1038-3441. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022 – via commonlii.org.
"Matrimonial Rape - Exemption from Prosecution for Husband - State of the Law in England, Scotland, and India". Criminal Law Journal, Nagpur: 357–368. 2005. ISSN 0011-1325. Retrieved 22 August 2015 – via Goforthelaw.com.
Basile, Kathleen C. (October 2002). "Prevalence of Wife Rape and Other Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women". Violence and Victims. 17 (5): 511–524. doi:10.1891/vivi.17.5.511.33717. ISSN 0886-6708. PMID 12477095. S2CID 626022.
Peterman, Amber; Tia Palermo; Caryn Bredenkamp (June 2011). "Estimates and Determinants of Sexual Violence Against Women in the Democratic Republic of Congo". American Journal of Public Health. 101 (6): 1060–1067. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300070. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 3093289. PMID 21566049.

yna.co.kr

en.yna.co.kr

"Top court recognizes marital rape as crime for first time - YONHAP NEWS". 15 May 2013. Retrieved 13 July 2021.