Marriage in Islam (English Wikipedia)

Risalah-ye Towzihul Masaael-e Imam Khomeini. (Persian and Arabic). Title translation: Imam Khomeini's Islamic Laws Explanation Book . Niloofaraaneh Publications. With the cooperation of Mosol, Gorgan and Ebadorrahmaan Publications. 18th print. 2011. ISBN 964-7760-28-0. Bibliographical data Archived 2017-03-02 at the Wayback Machine."Pages 375 & 376. Marriage Contract Requirements and Conditions. Question No. 2370. Translation: "Marriage contract and marriage agreement have several requirements: First,.... Fifth, Woman and man [must] be content to the marriage and must be willing for it; but, if the woman, in appearance (apparently), gives permission reluctantly and it is obvious and known that she is content to the marriage inly (= in heart), the contract and agreement are valid"

al-islam.org

S.H. Rizvi, Athar Husayn. "Importance of Marriage in Islam". Islamic Marriage Handbook. Al-Islam.org. Retrieved 28 April 2025.

aliftaa.jo

"Fatawaa. Subject : Wife is Obliged to Strike a Balance between Obedience to Husband and Obedience to Parents". aliftaa.jo. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2025.

aljamiah.or.id

"Inserting stipulation pertaining to polygamy in a marriage contract in Muslim countries". Archived from the original on 2021-10-17.

arabnews.com

"Misyar now a widespread reality". Arab News. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-02-18. In a misyar marriage the woman waives some of the rights she would enjoy in a normal marriage. Most misyar brides don't change their residences but pursue marriage on a visitation basis.
"Misyar now a widespread reality". Arab News. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-02-18. In a misyar marriage the woman waives some of the rights she would enjoy in a normal marriage. Most misyar brides don't change their residences but pursue marriage on a visitation basis.

archive.org

Philips, Abu Amernah Bilal; Jones, Jameelah (1999). Polygamy in Islam. Tawheed publications. p. 14. Retrieved 16 May 2025.

auslegalhub.com

"Nikah Certificate: Everything You Need to Know". Aus Legal. Retrieved 27 June 2025.

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"Muslim relationships". BBC. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

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Mahmood, Shabnam; Nye, Catrin (13 May 2013). "I do, for now anyway". BBC News.

books.google.com

Berg, H. "Method and theory in the study of Islamic origins". Archived 2016-05-09 at the Wayback Machine Brill 2003 ISBN 9004126023, 9789004126022. Accessed at Google Books 15 March 2014. Cite error: The named reference "IslamicOrigins" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
Hughes, T. "A Dictionary of Islam." Archived 2016-04-23 at the Wayback Machine Asian Educational Services 1 December 1995. Accessed 15 April 2014. Cite error: The named reference "IslamDictionary" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
Pohl, F. "Muslim world: modern Muslim societies". Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine Marshall Cavendish, 2010. ISBN 0761479279, 1780761479277. pp. 47–53.
Esposito J. "The Oxford Dictionary of Islam." Archived 25 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine Oxford University Press, 2003 |p.221 | Accessed 15 March 2014.

csis.org

"Marriages of Convenience: Misyar Marriages in the Middle East". Center for Strategic and International Studies. 7 June 2009. Retrieved 22 April 2025.

dar-alifta.org

"Should I be obedient to my husband ...6618". Egypt's Dar al-Ifta. 24 March 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2025.

dayan.org

Shmuluvitz, Shoshana (11 March 2012). "Temporary Marriage in Islam: Exploitative or Liberating?". Tel Aviv Notes. Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies. Retrieved 22 April 2025.

doi.org

Schacht, J.; Layish, A.; Shaham, R.; Ansari, Ghaus; Otto, J. M.; Pompe, S.; Knappert, J.; Boyd, Jean (2012). "Nikāḥ". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Brill. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0863.
Judith E. Tucker (1998-12-31), "5. If She Were Ready for Men", In the House of the Law, University of California Press, pp. 148–178, ISBN 978-0-520-92538-0, retrieved 2025-02-22

easyweddingdubai.com

"Civil Marriage for Muslims: Is it Allowed". Easy Weddings Dubai. 19 June 2025. Retrieved 27 June 2025.

ejtaal.net

Wehr, Hans. Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic: a compact version of the internationally recognized fourth edition. Ed. JM Cowan. New York: Spoken Language Services, Inc., 1994. Archived 2017-06-19 at the Wayback Machine. Print.
Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic: a compact version of the internationally recognized fourth edition Archived 19 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine Ed. JM Cowan. New York: Spoken Language Services, Inc., 1994. Print.

eufatwa.com

examples of marriage contract format:
- "Marriage Contract Sample". European Fatwa Council for Halal Transactions. Retrieved 1 July 2025.

explore-islam.com

"Islam Marriage Beliefs". Explore Islam. Ahlan Foundation. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
"Marriage in Islam". explore-Islam.com. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
"Marriage in Islam. Why is marriage so important in Islam?". Explore Islam. Ahlan Foundation. Retrieved 14 May 2025.

getquranic.com

"Marriage In Islam: 8 Quranic Verses About Marriage". Quranic. 23 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

google.com

al-Ghazzali, Imam. Marriage and Sexuality in Islam. Translated by Farah, Madelain. Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Book Trust. pp. 3, 4. Retrieved 9 May 2025.

idrismosque.com

{{cite web |title=Marriage |url=https://www.idrismosque.com/marriage |website=idris mosque |access-date=27 June 2025 |quote=A Marriage License issued by a County in the State of Washington must be obtained and presented to the authorized performer of the marriage, for the Mosque, prior to the ceremony.

irfi.org

"Same Sex Marriage and Marriage in Islam. ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE". irfi.org. Retrieved 13 May 2024.

islamicbulletin.org

"The Muslim Woman and Her Husband" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-30.

islamiccenterofscranton.com

"Marriage/Nikah". Islamic Center of Scranton. Retrieved 27 June 2025. Islam marriage/Nikah ...in the USA, ... is a two stage process: first, you obtain a document called 'marriage license', then this document is filled out by someone authorized to issue marriage 'certificate' during a marriage ceremony. Once you have the 'certificate', you are officially married.

islamicinsights.com

Amini, Ayatollah Ibrahim. "The purpose of marriage in Islam". Islamic Insights. Retrieved 14 May 2025.

islamonline.net

fiqh.islamonline.net

en-asks (2006-07-13). "Marriage Steps in Islam - Fiqh". IslamOnline. Retrieved 2024-03-31.
"The Ruling of Marriage". Islam online. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
"Wife's Obedience to Her Husband "". IslamOnline. Retrieved 13 June 2025.
"Islamic Marriage and Legal Registration: What You Need to Know in Non-Muslim Countries -". Fiqh - IslamOnline. Retrieved 27 June 2025.

islamonline.net

"Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf : Misyar marriage". Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2018-02-02.

islamqa.info

"Is Marriage Half of the Religion? 11586 Publication :". Islam Question and Answer. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2025.

islamqa.org

"Islam's stance on forced marriage by parents and marriage eligibility for uncircumcised men". IslamQA.org. Retrieved 28 April 2025.
Ustadha Shazia Ahmad (18 February 2020). "Do I Have to Obey My Husband in Everything?". IslamQA. Retrieved 13 June 2025.
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islamswomen.com

"Islams Women - Introduction to Marriage in Islam". islamswomen.com. Archived from the original on 2015-11-25. Retrieved 22 September 2015.

islamweb.net

"Fatwa 84026. Marriage in Islam". Islamweb.net. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
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ispu.org

Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarelane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. pp. 9–10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 40. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.

lawin.org

legaldictionary.lawin.org

"Donatio Propter Nuptias". lawin.org. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 22 September 2015.

mtholyoke.edu

"Marriage in the Quran". Mount Holyoke College. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.

muslimmatters.org

Birjas, Yaser (22 March 2020). "How Intimate Can a Couple be Post-Nikkah, but Pre-Marriage?". Muslim Matters. Retrieved 15 April 2020.

nikah101.com

"Getting Married". Archived from the original on 2018-10-04. Retrieved 2018-10-04.

nikahforever.com

Ilyas, Aleena (3 Mar 2020). "A Virgin Bride in Islam". nikahforever. Retrieved 12 Jul 2020.

nikahplus.com

"Guardian of a woman in Islam. Why does nikah (marriage in Islam) need a guardian (wali)?". NikahPlus.com. July 31, 2022. Retrieved 31 July 2022.

oxfordislamicstudies.com

al-Hibri, Azizah Y.; Mubarak, Hadia (2009). "Marriage and Divorce". In Esposito, John L. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2016-03-26. Retrieved 2019-02-06.

peopleofsunnah.com

Saifuddin, Ebrahim. "Marriage without Wali". People of Sunnah. Archived from the original on 2016-08-14. Retrieved 29 July 2016.

questionsonislam.com

"Is a Muslim man allowed to be married to two sisters? » Questions on Islam".

quran.com

Quran 24:3

researchgate.net

Dogarawa, Ahmad Bello (30 August 2009). "Marriage and Divorce in Islam". Munich Personal RePEc Archive: 1–4.

resolution.org.uk

Fraser, Graeme; Ghauri, Naheed; Rashid, Nazia. "Non-legally binding marriages: national and international perspectives in practice". Resolution. Retrieved 27 June 2025.

seekersguidance.org

Itani, Shaykh Bassem (1 January 2025). "What Is the Ruling on an 'Urfi Marriage (Secret Marriage) Without Witnesses? [January 1, 2025] [Shaykh Bassem Itani]/in Guidance, Halal and Haram, Marriage and Divorce Answered by Shaykh Bassem Itani". Seekers Guidance. Retrieved 15 May 2025.

sistani.org

http://www.sistani.org/english/book/48/ . See marriage links in the table of contents. Permanent version

southerncalifornialawreview.com

BLENKHORN, LINDSEY E. (2018). "NOTE ISLAMIC MARRIAGE CONTRACTS IN AMERICAN COURTS: INTERPRETING MAHR AGREEMENTS AS PRENUPTIALS AND THEIR EFFECT ON MUSLIM WOMEN" (PDF). SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LAW REVIEW. 76: 190. Retrieved 1 July 2025.

sunnah.com

Khaṭīb at-Tibrīzī. "13 Marriage Section 3, Mishkat al-Masabih 3096". sunnah.com. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
Ibn Majah. "Sunan Ibn Majah 1846. 9 The Chapters on Marriage (1)Chapter: What was narrated concerning the virtue of marriage". sunnah.com. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
Al-Nasa'i. "26 The Book of Marriage (11)Chapter: It Is Disliked To Marry One Who Is Infertile(11) Narrated Ma'qil bin Yasar:. Sunan an-Nasa'i 3227". sunnah.com. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
"Marriage (Nikaah) (3) Chapter: Whoever is not able to marry, is recommended to fast. al-Bukhari 5066. Book 67 Hadith 4". Sunnah com. Retrieved 30 April 2025.
al-Bukhari. "67 Wedlock, Marriage (Nikaah) (52)Chapter: To give Mahr in the form of material things..Sahih al-Bukhari 5150. On the authority of Sahl Ibn Sa'd". sunnah.com. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
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Al-Bukhari, Al-Jami' al-sahih, 919, (no. 5138) Archived 2014-05-28 at the Wayback Machine
"Chapter: Seeking permission of a previously-married woman in words, and of a virgin by silence". Hadith - The Book of Marriage - Sahih Muslim. sunnah.com. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
"Chapter: The father or the guardian cannot give a virgin or matron in marriage without her consent". Hadith - Book of Wedlock, Marriage (Nikaah) - Sahih al-Bukhari. sunnah.com. Retrieved 22 September 2015.

theglobeandmail.com

"Honour killings 'un-Islamic,' fatwa declares in wake of Shafia trial". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 22 September 2015.

theguardian.com

Smith, David (2018-03-03). "'Are you concerned by sharia law?': Trump canvasses supporters for 2020". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2018-03-13. Retrieved 2018-03-14.

thelextimes.com

Prakash, Anjali (2023). Types and Perspectives Across Different Islamic Schools of Thought. The Lex Times.

web.archive.org

"Getting Married". Archived from the original on 2018-10-04. Retrieved 2018-10-04.
Berg, H. "Method and theory in the study of Islamic origins". Archived 2016-05-09 at the Wayback Machine Brill 2003 ISBN 9004126023, 9789004126022. Accessed at Google Books 15 March 2014. Cite error: The named reference "IslamicOrigins" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
Hughes, T. "A Dictionary of Islam." Archived 2016-04-23 at the Wayback Machine Asian Educational Services 1 December 1995. Accessed 15 April 2014. Cite error: The named reference "IslamDictionary" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
Pohl, F. "Muslim world: modern Muslim societies". Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine Marshall Cavendish, 2010. ISBN 0761479279, 1780761479277. pp. 47–53.
Wehr, Hans. Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic: a compact version of the internationally recognized fourth edition. Ed. JM Cowan. New York: Spoken Language Services, Inc., 1994. Archived 2017-06-19 at the Wayback Machine. Print.
"Misyar now a widespread reality". Arab News. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-02-18. In a misyar marriage the woman waives some of the rights she would enjoy in a normal marriage. Most misyar brides don't change their residences but pursue marriage on a visitation basis.
al-Hibri, Azizah Y.; Mubarak, Hadia (2009). "Marriage and Divorce". In Esposito, John L. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2016-03-26. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
"Islams Women - Introduction to Marriage in Islam". islamswomen.com. Archived from the original on 2015-11-25. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
"Marriage in the Quran". Mount Holyoke College. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
Abu Da'ud, Sunan, vol. 2, 227, (nos. 2051 Archived 2014-07-09 at the Wayback Machine-2052 Archived 2014-07-09 at the Wayback Machine)
"Hadith - Book of Tricks - Sahih al-Bukhari. 6968". sunnah.com. Archived from the original on 2015-07-30. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
Al-Bukhari, Al-Jami' al-sahih, 919, (no. 5138) Archived 2014-05-28 at the Wayback Machine
"Honour killings 'un-Islamic,' fatwa declares in wake of Shafia trial". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
Saifuddin, Ebrahim. "Marriage without Wali". People of Sunnah. Archived from the original on 2016-08-14. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
"Donatio Propter Nuptias". lawin.org. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarelane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Smith, David (2018-03-03). "'Are you concerned by sharia law?': Trump canvasses supporters for 2020". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2018-03-13. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Killawi, Amal; Daneshpour, Manijeh; Elmi, Arij; Dadras, Iman; Hamid, Hamada (June 2014). "Recommendations for Promoting Healthy Marriages & Preventing Divorce in the American Muslim Community" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. pp. 9–10. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-10-09. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Macfarlane, Julie (January 2012). "Understanding trends in American Muslim divorce and marriage: A Discussion Guide for Families and Communities" (PDF). The Institute for Social Policy and Understanding. p. 40. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-03-14. Retrieved February 13, 2018.
Risalah-ye Towzihul Masaael-e Imam Khomeini. (Persian and Arabic). Title translation: Imam Khomeini's Islamic Laws Explanation Book . Niloofaraaneh Publications. With the cooperation of Mosol, Gorgan and Ebadorrahmaan Publications. 18th print. 2011. ISBN 964-7760-28-0. Bibliographical data Archived 2017-03-02 at the Wayback Machine."Pages 375 & 376. Marriage Contract Requirements and Conditions. Question No. 2370. Translation: "Marriage contract and marriage agreement have several requirements: First,.... Fifth, Woman and man [must] be content to the marriage and must be willing for it; but, if the woman, in appearance (apparently), gives permission reluctantly and it is obvious and known that she is content to the marriage inly (= in heart), the contract and agreement are valid"
http://www.sistani.org/english/book/48/ . See marriage links in the table of contents. Permanent version
"Inserting stipulation pertaining to polygamy in a marriage contract in Muslim countries". Archived from the original on 2021-10-17.
Esposito J. "The Oxford Dictionary of Islam." Archived 25 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine Oxford University Press, 2003 |p.221 | Accessed 15 March 2014.
Hans Wehr Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic: a compact version of the internationally recognized fourth edition Archived 19 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine Ed. JM Cowan. New York: Spoken Language Services, Inc., 1994. Print.
"Misyar now a widespread reality". Arab News. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 2017-02-18. In a misyar marriage the woman waives some of the rights she would enjoy in a normal marriage. Most misyar brides don't change their residences but pursue marriage on a visitation basis.
"Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf : Misyar marriage". Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2018-02-02.

weddingsinathens.com

"What Is An Orfi Marriage?". Weddings in Athens. Retrieved 2 July 2025.

zawaj.com

Assadullah, Mir Mohammed. Weddings in Islam, zawaj.com