Mars (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Mars" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

168web.archive.org

1^st place

102doi.org

2^nd place

98harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

61semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

50nasa.gov

75^th place

83^rd place

37nih.gov

4^th place

22worldcat.org

5^th place

15handle.net

102^nd place

76^th place

11books.google.com

3^rd place

11archive.org

6^th place

9space.com

936^th place

713^th place

8arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

7nature.com

234^th place

397^th place

7esa.int

1,482^nd place

1,468^th place

6nytimes.com

7^th place

6psu.edu

207^th place

136^th place

6bbc.co.uk

8^th place

10^th place

5nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

296^th place

4archive.today

14^th place

4usra.edu

2,838^th place

2,185^th place

4arizona.edu

1,592^nd place

1,119^th place

4usgs.gov

167^th place

198^th place

3scientificamerican.com

896^th place

674^th place

3caltech.edu

887^th place

714^th place

3theguardian.com

12^th place

11^th place

2earthsky.org

6,724^th place

5,463^rd place

2asu.edu

2,187^th place

1,500^th place

2science.org

1,160^th place

737^th place

2jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

2npr.org

92^nd place

72^nd place

2brown.edu

2,481^st place

1,558^th place

2imcce.fr

5,978^th place

9,048^th place

1curtin.edu.au

low place

1oup.com

485^th place

440^th place

1acs.org

1,248^th place

1,104^th place

1sciencenews.org

3,410^th place

2,939^th place

1sci.news

low place

1zenodo.org

621^st place

380^th place

1archives-ouvertes.fr

1,031^st place

879^th place

1bris.ac.uk

4,848^th place

3,431^st place

1arstechnica.com

388^th place

265^th place

1phys.org

1,283^rd place

1,130^th place

1cambridge.org

305^th place

264^th place

1wiley.com

222^nd place

297^th place

1scitechdaily.com

low place

1pitt.edu

1,476^th place

1,056^th place

1springer.com

274^th place

309^th place

1csulb.edu

low place

8,196^th place

1elsevier.com

610^th place

704^th place

1ucla.edu

782^nd place

585^th place

1nau.edu

9,029^th place

6,022^nd place

1wired.com

193^rd place

152^nd place

1universetoday.com

3,691^st place

3,233^rd place

1spaceref.com

8,446^th place

6,634^th place

1aps.org

1,503^rd place

1,378^th place

1nbcnews.com

137^th place

101^st place

1discovermagazine.com

3,042^nd place

2,171^st place

1mit.edu

415^th place

327^th place

1seti.org

low place

1geoscienceworld.org

3,158^th place

2,299^th place

1annualreviews.org

3,867^th place

3,957^th place

1epa.gov

882^nd place

600^th place

1mashable.com

561^st place

392^nd place

1unina.it

9,300^th place

low place

1ips-planetarium.org

low place

1surewest.net

low place

1spacetelescope.org

8,860^th place

6,620^th place

1aasnova.org

low place

1copernicus.org

7,281^st place

5,368^th place

1sagepub.com

731^st place

638^th place

1wired.co.uk

2,053^rd place

1,340^th place

1cnn.com

28^th place

26^th place

1theconversation.com

928^th place

651^st place

1ghostarchive.org

32^nd place

21^st place

1pc-tablet.com

low place

1bbc.com

20^th place

30^th place

1planetary.org

5,100^th place

4,194^th place

1wionews.com

2,596^th place

1,437^th place

1nasonline.org

3,325^th place

2,396^th place

1congress.gov

730^th place

468^th place

1spacenews.com

1,876^th place

1,225^th place

1perma-archives.org

low place

1reuters.com

49^th place

47^th place

1liebertpub.com

low place

1nss.org

low place

1geekwire.com

4,157^th place

2,583^rd place

1degruyter.com

1,425^th place

1,138^th place

1skyandtelescope.org

low place

1smithsonianmag.com

503^rd place

364^th place

aasnova.org

"Explaining the Birth of the Martian Moons". AAS Nova. American Astronomical Society. 23 September 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.

acs.org

"Atmospheres and Planetary Temperatures". American Chemical Society. 18 July 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.

annualreviews.org

Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.

aps.org

physics.aps.org

Wright K (22 March 2022). "Sound Speed Measured on Mars". Physics. 15: 43. Bibcode:2022PhyOJ..15...43W. doi:10.1103/Physics.15.43. S2CID 247720720. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.

archive.org

Grego P (6 June 2012). Mars and How to Observe It. Springer Science+Business Media. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-4614-2302-7 – via Internet Archive.
Lodders K, Fegley B (1998). The Planetary Scientist's Companion. Oxford University Press. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-19-511694-6.
Lunine CJ (1999). Earth: evolution of a habitable world. Cambridge University Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-521-64423-5.
Swerdlow NM (1998). "Periodicity and Variability of Synodic Phenomenon". The Babylonian theory of the planets. Princeton University Press. pp. 34–72. ISBN 978-0-691-01196-7.
Cicero MT (1896). De Natura Deorum [On the Nature of the Gods]. Translated by Francis Brooks. London: Methuen.
Hulbert HB (1909) [1906]. The Passing of Korea. Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 426. OCLC 26986808.
Hirshfeld A (2001). Parallax: the race to measure the cosmos. Macmillan. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-0-7167-3711-7.
Sagan C (1980). Cosmos. New York City: Random House. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-394-50294-6.
Basalla G (2006). "Percival Lowell: Champion of Canals". Civilized Life in the Universe: Scientists on Intelligent Extraterrestrials. Oxford University Press US. pp. 67–88. ISBN 978-0-19-517181-5.
Schwartz S (2009). C. S. Lewis on the Final Frontier: Science and the Supernatural in the Space Trilogy. Oxford University Press US. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-0-19-537472-8.
Buker DM (2002). The science fiction and fantasy readers' advisory: the librarian's guide to cyborgs, aliens, and sorcerers. ALA readers' advisory series. ALA Editions. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-8389-0831-0.

archive.today

Yeager A (19 July 2008). "Impact May Have Transformed Mars". ScienceNews.org. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2008.
Valentine, Theresa, Amde, Lishan (9 November 2006). "Magnetic Fields and Mars". Mars Global Surveyor @ NASA. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2009. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Neal-Jones N, O'Carroll C. "New Map Provides More Evidence Mars Once Like Earth". NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Second ExoMars mission moves to next launch opportunity in 2020". European Space Agency. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.

arizona.edu

hirise.lpl.arizona.edu

Russell P (3 March 2008). "Caught in Action: Avalanches on North Polar Scarps". HiRISE Operations Center. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
Verba C (2 July 2009). "Dust Devil Etch-A-Sketch (ESP_013751_1115)". HiRISE Operations Center. University of Arizona. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

news.arizona.edu

Stiles L (25 March 2009). "HiRISE Sees Signs of an Unearthly Spring". University of Arizona News. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.

uapress.arizona.edu

Sheehan W (1996). "2: Pioneers". The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery. Tucson: University of Arizona. Bibcode:1996pmho.book.....S. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2010 – via uapress.arizona.edu.

arstechnica.com

Rayne E (2 July 2023). "Mars has liquid guts and strange insides, InSight suggests". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.

arxiv.org

Jackson AP, Gabriel TS, Asphaug EI (1 March 2018). "Constraints on the pre-impact orbits of Solar system giant impactors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (3): 2924–2936. arXiv:1711.05285. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2901. ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
Mallama A, Hilton JL (October 2018). "Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac". Astronomy and Computing. 25: 10–24. arXiv:1808.01973. Bibcode:2018A&C....25...10M. doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002. S2CID 69912809.
Nesvorný D (June 2018). "Dynamical Evolution of the Early Solar System". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 56: 137–174. arXiv:1807.06647. Bibcode:2018ARA&A..56..137N. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-052028.
Ćuk M, Minton DA, Pouplin JL, et al. (16 June 2020). "Evidence for a Past Martian Ring from the Orbital Inclination of Deimos". The Astrophysical Journal. 896 (2): L28. arXiv:2006.00645. Bibcode:2020ApJ...896L..28C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab974f. ISSN 2041-8213.
Huang Y, Chubakov V, Mantovani F, et al. (June 2013). "A reference Earth model for the heat-producing elements and associated geoneutrino flux". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 14 (6): 2003–2029. arXiv:1301.0365. Bibcode:2013GGG....14.2003H. doi:10.1002/ggge.20129.
Paris A, Davies E, Tognetti L, et al. (27 April 2020). "Prospective Lava Tubes at Hellas Planitia". arXiv:2004.13156v1 [astro-ph.EP].
Novakovic B (2008). "Senenmut: An Ancient Egyptian Astronomer". Publications of the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade. 85: 19–23. arXiv:0801.1331. Bibcode:2008POBeo..85...19N.
Kopparapu RK, Ramirez R, Kasting JF, et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.

asu.edu

marsed.asu.edu

"Polar Caps". Mars Education at Arizona State University. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"Polar Caps". Mars Education at Arizona State University. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Martian soil 'could support life'". BBC News. 27 June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2008.
Rincon P (17 March 2007). "'Cave entrances' spotted on Mars". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
Whitehouse D (24 January 2004). "Long history of water and Mars". BBC News. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
"Water flowed recently on Mars". BBC. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2006.
Briggs H (15 February 2008). "Early Mars 'too salty' for life". BBC News. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2008.

bbc.co.uk

Rincon P (19 March 2013). "Curiosity breaks rock to reveal dazzling white interior". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2013.

bbc.com

Amos J (17 March 2022). "Joint Europe-Russia Mars rover project is parked". BBC News. Archived from the original on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

books.google.com

Allen CW, Cox AN (2000). Allen's Astrophysical Quantities. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-387-95189-8. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
Comins NF (2012). Discovering the Essential Universe. W. H. Freeman. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-4292-5519-6.
Badescu V (2009). Mars: Prospective Energy and Material Resources (illustrated ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 600. ISBN 978-3-642-03629-3. Archived from the original on 4 March 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
Rabkin ES (2005). Mars: A Tour of the Human Imagination. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. pp. 9–11. ISBN 978-0-275-98719-0.
Thompson HO (1970). Mekal: The God of Beth-Shan. Leiden, Germany: E. J. Brill. p. 125.
Harland DM (2007). Cassini at Saturn: Huygens results. Springer. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-387-26129-4.
de Groot JJ (1912). "Fung Shui". Religion in China – Universism: A Key to the Study of Taoism and Confucianism. American Lectures on the History of Religions, volume 10. G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 300. OCLC 491180. Archived from the original on 26 February 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
Crump T (1992). The Japanese Numbers Game: The Use and Understanding of Numbers in Modern Japan. Nissan Institute/Routledge Japanese Studies Series. Routledge. pp. 39–40. ISBN 978-0-415-05609-0.
Koch US (1995). Mesopotamian Astrology: An Introduction to Babylonian and Assyrian Celestial Divination. Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-87-7289-287-0.
Jones A (1999). Astronomical papyri from Oxyrhynchus. American Philosophical Society. pp. 62–63. ISBN 978-0-87169-233-7.
Crossley R (3 January 2011). Imagining Mars: A Literary History. Wesleyan University Press. pp. xiii–xiv. ISBN 978-0-8195-7105-2.

bris.ac.uk

research-information.bris.ac.uk

Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.

brown.edu

news.brown.edu

Nickel M (18 April 2014). "Impact glass stores biodata for millions of years". Brown University. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Stacey K (8 June 2015). "Martian glass: Window into possible past life?". Brown University. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.

caltech.edu

authors.library.caltech.edu

Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Schorghofer, Norbert, Aharonson, Oded, Khatiwala, Samar (2002). "Slope streaks on Mars: Correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 29 (23): 41–1. Bibcode:2002GeoRL..29.2126S. doi:10.1029/2002GL015889. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Lewis, K.W., Aharonson, O. (2006). "Stratigraphic analysis of the distributary fan in Eberswalde crater using stereo imagery" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 111 (E06001): E06001. Bibcode:2006JGRE..111.6001L. doi:10.1029/2005JE002558. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.

cambridge.org

Tanaka KL, Coles KS, Christensen PR, eds. (2019), "Syrtis Major (MC-13)", The Atlas of Mars: Mapping its Geography and Geology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 136–139, doi:10.1017/9781139567428.018, ISBN 978-1-139-56742-8, S2CID 240843698, archived from the original on 1 March 2024, retrieved 18 January 2022

cnn.com

Strickland A (12 February 2021). "Meet the orbiters that help rovers on Mars talk to Earth". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

congress.gov

"S.442 - National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017". congress.gov. 21 March 2017. Archived from the original on 30 March 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2022.

copernicus.org

meetingorganizer.copernicus.org

Giuranna M, Roush, T. L., Duxbury, T., et al. (2010). Compositional Interpretation of PFS/MEx and TES/MGS Thermal Infrared Spectra of Phobos (PDF). European Planetary Science Congress Abstracts, Vol. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2010.

csulb.edu

home.csulb.edu

Rodrigue CM. "The Geography of Mars". Home.csulb.edu. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.

curtin.edu.au

espace.curtin.edu.au

Hirt C, Claessens SJ, Kuhn M, et al. (July 2012). "Kilometer-resolution gravity field of Mars: MGM2011" (PDF). Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 147–154. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67..147H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.006. hdl:20.500.11937/32270. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2019.

degruyter.com

Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

discovermagazine.com

Kluger J (1 September 1992). "Mars, in Earth's Image". Discover Magazine. 13 (9): 70. Bibcode:1992Disc...13...70K. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2009.

doi.org

Souami D, Souchay J (July 2012). "The solar system's invariable plane". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 543: 11. Bibcode:2012A&A...543A.133S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219011. A133.
Seidelmann PK, Archinal BA, A'Hearn MF, et al. (2007). "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 98 (3): 155–180. Bibcode:2007CeMDA..98..155S. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y.
Konopliv AS, Asmar SW, Folkner WM, et al. (January 2011). "Mars high resolution gravity fields from MRO, Mars seasonal gravity, and other dynamical parameters". Icarus. 211 (1): 401–428. Bibcode:2011Icar..211..401K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.004.
Hirt C, Claessens SJ, Kuhn M, et al. (July 2012). "Kilometer-resolution gravity field of Mars: MGM2011" (PDF). Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 147–154. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67..147H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.006. hdl:20.500.11937/32270. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Jackson AP, Gabriel TS, Asphaug EI (1 March 2018). "Constraints on the pre-impact orbits of Solar system giant impactors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (3): 2924–2936. arXiv:1711.05285. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2901. ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
Mallama, A. (2007). "The magnitude and albedo of Mars". Icarus. 192 (2): 404–416. Bibcode:2007Icar..192..404M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.011.
Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, et al. (24 January 2014). "Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover". Science. 343 (6169). Tables 1 and 2. Bibcode:2014Sci...343D.386H. doi:10.1126/science.1244797. hdl:1874/309142. PMID 24324275. S2CID 33661472.
Mallama A, Hilton JL (October 2018). "Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac". Astronomy and Computing. 25: 10–24. arXiv:1808.01973. Bibcode:2018A&C....25...10M. doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002. S2CID 69912809.
Halliday, A. N., Wänke, H., Birck, J.-L., et al. (2001). "The Accretion, Composition and Early Differentiation of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 197–230. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..197H. doi:10.1023/A:1011997206080. S2CID 55559040.
Zharkov VN (1993). "The role of Jupiter in the formation of planets". Evolution of the Earth and Planets. Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. Vol. 74. pp. 7–17. Bibcode:1993GMS....74....7Z. doi:10.1029/GM074p0007. ISBN 978-1-118-66669-2.
Lunine JI, Chambers J, Morbidelli A, et al. (2003). "The origin of water on Mars". Icarus. 165 (1): 1–8. Bibcode:2003Icar..165....1L. doi:10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00172-6.
Nesvorný D (June 2018). "Dynamical Evolution of the Early Solar System". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 56: 137–174. arXiv:1807.06647. Bibcode:2018ARA&A..56..137N. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-052028.
Ćuk M, Minton DA, Pouplin JL, et al. (16 June 2020). "Evidence for a Past Martian Ring from the Orbital Inclination of Deimos". The Astrophysical Journal. 896 (2): L28. arXiv:2006.00645. Bibcode:2020ApJ...896L..28C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab974f. ISSN 2041-8213.
Tanaka KL (1986). "The Stratigraphy of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 91 (B13): E139–E158. Bibcode:1986JGR....91E.139T. doi:10.1029/JB091iB13p0E139. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
Hartmann, William K., Neukum, Gerhard (2001). "Cratering Chronology and the Evolution of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 165–194. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..165H. doi:10.1023/A:1011945222010. S2CID 7216371.
Mitchell, Karl L., Wilson, Lionel (2003). "Mars: recent geological activity : Mars: a geologically active planet". Astronomy & Geophysics. 44 (4): 4.16–4.20. Bibcode:2003A&G....44d..16M. doi:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44416.x.
Peplow M (6 May 2004). "How Mars got its rust". Nature: news040503–6. doi:10.1038/news040503-6. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
Kim D, Duran C, Giardini D, et al. (June 2023). "Global Crustal Thickness Revealed by Surface Waves Orbiting Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (12). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003482K. doi:10.1029/2023GL103482. hdl:20.500.11850/621318.
Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Khan A, Huang, D., Durán, C., et al. (October 2023). "Evidence for a liquid silicate layer atop the Martian core". Nature. 622 (7984): 718–723. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..718K. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06586-4. hdl:20.500.11850/639367. PMC 10600012. PMID 37880439.
Nimmo F, Tanaka K (2005). "Early Crustal Evolution of Mars". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 33 (1): 133–161. Bibcode:2005AREPS..33..133N. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122637. S2CID 45843366.
Wieczorek MA, Broquet A, McLennan SM, et al. (May 2022). "InSight Constraints on the Global Character of the Martian Crust". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 127 (5). Bibcode:2022JGRE..12707298W. doi:10.1029/2022JE007298. hdl:10919/110830.
Huang Y, Chubakov V, Mantovani F, et al. (June 2013). "A reference Earth model for the heat-producing elements and associated geoneutrino flux". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 14 (6): 2003–2029. arXiv:1301.0365. Bibcode:2013GGG....14.2003H. doi:10.1002/ggge.20129.
Fernando B, Daubar IJ, Charalambous C, et al. (October 2023). "A Tectonic Origin for the Largest Marsquake Observed by InSight". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (20). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003619F. doi:10.1029/2023GL103619. hdl:20.500.11850/639018.
Golombek M, Warner NH, Grant JA, et al. (24 February 2020). "Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 11 (1014): 1014. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.1014G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14679-1. PMC 7039939. PMID 32094337.
Banerdt WB, Smrekar SE, Banfield D, et al. (2020). "Initial results from the InSight mission on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 13 (3): 183–189. Bibcode:2020NatGe..13..183B. doi:10.1038/s41561-020-0544-y.
Samuel H, Drilleau, Mélanie, Rivoldini, Attilio, et al. (October 2023). "Geophysical evidence for an enriched molten silicate layer above Mars's core". Nature. 622 (7984): 712–717. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..712S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8. hdl:20.500.11850/639623. PMC 10600000. PMID 37880437.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
van der Lee S (25 October 2023). "Deep Mars is surprisingly soft". Nature. 622 (7984): 699–700. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03151-x. PMID 37880433. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
Witze A (25 October 2023). "Mars has a surprise layer of molten rock inside". Nature. 623 (7985): 20. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03271-4. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
McSween HY, Taylor GJ, Wyatt MB (May 2009). "Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust". Science. 324 (5928): 736–739. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..736M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.654.4713. doi:10.1126/science.1165871. PMID 19423810. S2CID 12443584.
Bandfield JL (June 2002). "Global mineral distributions on Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 107 (E6): 9–1–9–20. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5042B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.456.2934. doi:10.1029/2001JE001510.
Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Wet Chemistry Experiments on the 2007 Phoenix Mars Scout Lander: Data Analysis and Results". J. Geophys. Res. 115 (E3): E00–E10. Bibcode:2009JGRE..114.0A19K. doi:10.1029/2008JE003084. S2CID 39418301.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Soluble Sulfate in the Martian Soil at the Phoenix Landing Site". Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (9): L09201. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..37.9201K. doi:10.1029/2010GL042613. S2CID 12914422.
Schorghofer, Norbert, Aharonson, Oded, Khatiwala, Samar (2002). "Slope streaks on Mars: Correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 29 (23): 41–1. Bibcode:2002GeoRL..29.2126S. doi:10.1029/2002GL015889. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Gánti, Tibor (2003). "Dark Dune Spots: Possible Biomarkers on Mars?". Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere. 33 (4): 515–557. Bibcode:2003OLEB...33..515G. doi:10.1023/A:1025705828948. PMID 14604189. S2CID 23727267.
Tanaka KL, Coles KS, Christensen PR, eds. (2019), "Syrtis Major (MC-13)", The Atlas of Mars: Mapping its Geography and Geology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 136–139, doi:10.1017/9781139567428.018, ISBN 978-1-139-56742-8, S2CID 240843698, archived from the original on 1 March 2024, retrieved 18 January 2022
Davies ME, Berg RA (10 January 1971). "A preliminary control net of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 76 (2): 373–393. Bibcode:1971JGR....76..373D. doi:10.1029/JB076i002p00373. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
de Vaucouleurs G, Davies ME, Sturms FM Jr (1973), "Mariner 9 Areographic Coordinate System", Journal of Geophysical Research, 78 (20): 4395–4404, Bibcode:1973JGR....78.4395D, doi:10.1029/JB078i020p04395
Ardalan AA, Karimi R, Grafarend EW (2009). "A New Reference Equipotential Surface, and Reference Ellipsoid for the Planet Mars". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 106 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11038-009-9342-7. ISSN 0167-9295. S2CID 119952798.
Plescia JB (2004). "Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes". J. Geophys. Res. 109 (E3): E03003. Bibcode:2004JGRE..109.3003P. doi:10.1029/2002JE002031.
Schenk P (2012). "The Geologically Recent Giant Impact Basins at Vesta's South Pole". Science. 336 (6082): 694–697. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..694S. doi:10.1126/science.1223272. PMID 22582256. S2CID 206541950.
Andrews-Hanna JC, Zuber MT, Banerdt WB (2008). "The Borealis basin and the origin of the Martian crustal dichotomy". Nature. 453 (7199): 1212–1215. Bibcode:2008Natur.453.1212A. doi:10.1038/nature07011. PMID 18580944. S2CID 1981671.
Vogt GL (2008). Landscapes of Mars (PDF). New York, NY: Springer. p. 44. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75468-0. ISBN 978-0-387-75467-3. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Wetherill GW (1999). "Problems Associated with Estimating the Relative Impact Rates on Mars and the Moon". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 9 (1–2): 227–231. Bibcode:1974Moon....9..227W. doi:10.1007/BF00565406. S2CID 120233258.
Costard FM (1989). "The spatial distribution of volatiles in the Martian hydrolithosphere". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 45 (3): 265–290. Bibcode:1989EM&P...45..265C. doi:10.1007/BF00057747. S2CID 120662027.
Sagan C, Fox P (August 1975). "The canals of Mars: An assessment after Mariner 9". Icarus. 25 (4): 602–612. Bibcode:1975Icar...25..602S. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90042-1. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Lin A (4 June 2012). "Structural analysis of the Valles Marineris fault zone: Possible evidence for large-scale strike-slip faulting on Mars". Lithosphere. 4 (4): 286–330. Bibcode:2012Lsphe...4..286Y. doi:10.1130/L192.1.
Jakosky BM (1 April 2022). "How did Mars lose its atmosphere and water?". Physics Today. 75 (4): 62–63. Bibcode:2022PhT....75d..62J. doi:10.1063/PT.3.4988. ISSN 0031-9228. S2CID 247882540.
Lundin, R (2004). "Solar Wind-Induced Atmospheric Erosion at Mars: First Results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express". Science. 305 (5692): 1933–1936. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1933L. doi:10.1126/science.1101860. PMID 15448263. S2CID 28142296.
Mahaffy PR (19 July 2013). "Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover". Science. 341 (6143): 263–266. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..263M. doi:10.1126/science.1237966. PMID 23869014. S2CID 206548973.
Lemmon MT (2004). "Atmospheric Imaging Results from Mars Rovers". Science. 306 (5702): 1753–1756. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1753L. doi:10.1126/science.1104474. PMID 15576613. S2CID 5645412.
Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
Franck L, Forget F (6 August 2009). "Observed variations of methane on Mars unexplained by known atmospheric chemistry and physics". Nature. 460 (7256): 720–723. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..720L. doi:10.1038/nature08228. PMID 19661912. S2CID 4355576.
Oze, C., Sharma, M. (2005). "Have olivine, will gas: Serpentinization and the abiogenic production of methane on Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (10): L10203. Bibcode:2005GeoRL..3210203O. doi:10.1029/2005GL022691. S2CID 28981740.
Webster CR, Mahaffy PR, Pla-Garcia J, et al. (June 2021). "Day-night differences in Mars methane suggest nighttime containment at Gale crater". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 650: A166. Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.166W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040030. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 236365559.
Wright K (22 March 2022). "Sound Speed Measured on Mars". Physics. 15: 43. Bibcode:2022PhyOJ..15...43W. doi:10.1103/Physics.15.43. S2CID 247720720. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Schneider NM, Jain SK, Deighan J, et al. (16 August 2018). "Global Aurora on Mars During the September 2017 Space Weather Event". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (15): 7391–7398. Bibcode:2018GeoRL..45.7391S. doi:10.1029/2018GL077772. hdl:10150/631256. S2CID 115149852.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
Byrne, Shane, Ingersoll, Andrew P. (2003). "A Sublimation Model for Martian South Polar Ice Features". Science. 299 (5609): 1051–1053. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.1051B. doi:10.1126/science.1080148. PMID 12586939. S2CID 7819614.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Kerr RA (4 March 2005). "Ice or Lava Sea on Mars? A Transatlantic Debate Erupts". Science. 307 (5714): 1390–1391. doi:10.1126/science.307.5714.1390a. PMID 15746395. S2CID 38239541.
Jaeger WL (21 September 2007). "Athabasca Valles, Mars: A Lava-Draped Channel System". Science. 317 (5845): 1709–1711. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1709J. doi:10.1126/science.1143315. PMID 17885126. S2CID 128890460.
Murray JB (17 March 2005). "Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator". Nature. 434 (703): 352–356. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..352M. doi:10.1038/nature03379. PMID 15772653. S2CID 4373323.
Craddock, R.A., Howard, A.D. (2002). "The case for rainfall on a warm, wet early Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 107 (E11): 21–1. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5111C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.485.7566. doi:10.1029/2001JE001505.
Malin MC, Edgett KS (30 June 2000). "Evidence for Recent Groundwater Seepage and Surface Runoff on Mars". Science. 288 (5475): 2330–2335. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.2330M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2330. PMID 10875910. S2CID 14232446.
Lewis, K.W., Aharonson, O. (2006). "Stratigraphic analysis of the distributary fan in Eberswalde crater using stereo imagery" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 111 (E06001): E06001. Bibcode:2006JGRE..111.6001L. doi:10.1029/2005JE002558. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Matsubara, Y., Howard, A.D., Drummond, S.A. (2011). "Hydrology of early Mars: Lake basins". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (E04001): E04001. Bibcode:2011JGRE..116.4001M. doi:10.1029/2010JE003739.
Mellon, J. T., Feldman, W. C., Prettyman, T. H. (2003). "The presence and stability of ground ice in the southern hemisphere of Mars". Icarus. 169 (2): 324–340. Bibcode:2004Icar..169..324M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.022.
Carr MH (2003). "Oceans on Mars: An assessment of the observational evidence and possible fate". Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (5042): 24. Bibcode:2003JGRE..108.5042C. doi:10.1029/2002JE001963. S2CID 16367611.
Plaut, J. J (2007). "Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars". Science. 316 (5821): 92–95. Bibcode:2007Sci...316...92P. doi:10.1126/science.1139672. PMID 17363628. S2CID 23336149.
Smith, Isaac B., Holt, J. W. (2010). "Onset and migration of spiral troughs on Mars revealed by orbital radar". Nature. 465 (4): 450–453. Bibcode:2010Natur.465..450S. doi:10.1038/nature09049. PMID 20505722. S2CID 4416144.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
McCubbin FM, Hauri EH, Elardo SM, et al. (August 2012). "Hydrous melting of the martian mantle produced both depleted and enriched shergottites". Geology. 40 (8): 683–686. Bibcode:2012Geo....40..683M. doi:10.1130/G33242.1. ISSN 1943-2682.
Ojha L, Wilhelm MB, Murchie SL, et al. (2015). "Spectral evidence for hydrated salts in recurring slope lineae on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 8 (11): 829–832. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..829O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2546. S2CID 59152931.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Schorghofer N (12 February 2020). "Mars: Quantitative Evaluation of Crocus Melting behind Boulders". The Astrophysical Journal. 890 (1): 49. Bibcode:2020ApJ...890...49S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab612f. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 213701664.
Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Head, J.W. (1999). "Possible Ancient Oceans on Mars: Evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter Data". Science. 286 (5447): 2134–7. Bibcode:1999Sci...286.2134H. doi:10.1126/science.286.5447.2134. PMID 10591640. S2CID 35233339.
Mitrofanov I, Malakhov A, Djachkova M, et al. (March 2022). "The evidence for unusually high hydrogen abundances in the central part of Valles Marineris on Mars". Icarus. 374: 114805. Bibcode:2022Icar..37414805M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114805. S2CID 244449654.
Petropoulos AE, Longuski JM, Bonfiglio EP (2000). "Trajectories to Jupiter via Gravity Assists from Venus, Earth, and Mars". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 37 (6). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA): 776–783. Bibcode:2000JSpRo..37..776P. doi:10.2514/2.3650. ISSN 0022-4650.
Andert TP, Rosenblatt, P., Pätzold, M., et al. (7 May 2010). "Precise mass determination and the nature of Phobos". Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (L09202): L09202. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..37.9202A. doi:10.1029/2009GL041829.
Bagheri A, Khan A, Efroimsky M, et al. (22 February 2021). "Dynamical evidence for Phobos and Deimos as remnants of a disrupted common progenitor". Nature Astronomy. 5 (6): 539–543. Bibcode:2021NatAs...5..539B. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01306-2. S2CID 233924981.
Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
Peters WT (1984). "The Appearance of Venus and Mars in 1610". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 15 (3): 211–214. Bibcode:1984JHA....15..211P. doi:10.1177/002182868401500306. S2CID 118187803.
Maria, K., Lane, D. (2005). "Geographers of Mars". Isis. 96 (4): 477–506. doi:10.1086/498590. PMID 16536152. S2CID 33079760.
Perrotin M (1886). "Observations des canaux de Mars". Bulletin Astronomique. Série I (in French). 3: 324–329. Bibcode:1886BuAsI...3..324P. doi:10.3406/bastr.1886.9920. S2CID 128159166.
Zahnle K (2001). "Decline and fall of the Martian empire". Nature. 412 (6843): 209–213. doi:10.1038/35084148. PMID 11449281. S2CID 22725986.
Salisbury FB (1962). "Martian Biology". Science. 136 (3510): 17–26. Bibcode:1962Sci...136...17S. doi:10.1126/science.136.3510.17. JSTOR 1708777. PMID 17779780. S2CID 39512870.
Kopparapu RK, Ramirez R, Kasting JF, et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.
Kounaves SP (2014). "Evidence of martian perchlorate, chlorate, and nitrate in Mars meteorite EETA79001: implications for oxidants and organics". Icarus. 229: 206–213. Bibcode:2014Icar..229..206K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.11.012.
Krasnopolsky, Vladimir A., Maillard, Jean-Pierre, Owen, Tobias C. (2004). "Detection of methane in the Martian atmosphere: evidence for life?". Icarus. 172 (2): 537–547. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..537K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.004.
Peplow M (25 February 2005). "Formaldehyde claim inflames Martian debate". Nature. doi:10.1038/news050221-15. S2CID 128986558.
Schultz PH, Harris RS, Clemett SJ, et al. (June 2014). "Preserved flora and organics in impact melt breccias". Geology. 42 (6): 515–518. Bibcode:2014Geo....42..515S. doi:10.1130/G35343.1. hdl:2060/20140013110. S2CID 39019154.
Musk E (1 March 2018). "Making Life Multi-Planetary". New Space. 6 (1): 2–11. Bibcode:2018NewSp...6....2M. doi:10.1089/space.2018.29013.emu. ISSN 2168-0256. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

earthsky.org

"Did ancient Mars have rings?". Earthsky | Updates on Your Cosmos and World. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
"EarthSky | Why is Mars sometimes bright and sometimes faint?". earthsky.org. 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Sagan C, Fox P (August 1975). "The canals of Mars: An assessment after Mariner 9". Icarus. 25 (4): 602–612. Bibcode:1975Icar...25..602S. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90042-1. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

epa.gov

"EPA; Great Lakes; Physical Facts". 29 October 2010. Archived from the original on 29 October 2010. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

esa.int

sci.esa.int

"ESA Science & Technology - The Ages of Mars". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"ESA Science & Technology - Using iMars: Viewing Mars Express data of the MC11 quadrangle". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
"ESA Science & Technology - Craters within the Hellas Basin". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
"Close Inspection for Phobos". ESA website. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2006.

esa.int

"Water ice in crater at Martian north pole". ESA. 28 July 2005. Archived from the original on 9 February 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
"Second ExoMars mission moves to next launch opportunity in 2020". European Space Agency. 2 May 2016. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
"ExoMars to take off for the Red Planet in 2022". European Space Agency. 12 March 2020. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.

geekwire.com

Boyle A (29 September 2015). "Destination Phobos: 'Humans Orbiting Mars' report goes public". GeekWire.

geoscienceworld.org

pubs.geoscienceworld.org

McCubbin FM, Hauri EH, Elardo SM, et al. (August 2012). "Hydrous melting of the martian mantle produced both depleted and enriched shergottites". Geology. 40 (8): 683–686. Bibcode:2012Geo....40..683M. doi:10.1130/G33242.1. ISSN 1943-2682.

ghostarchive.org

Myers SL, Chang K (14 May 2021). "China's Mars Rover Mission Lands on the Red Planet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Hirt C, Claessens SJ, Kuhn M, et al. (July 2012). "Kilometer-resolution gravity field of Mars: MGM2011" (PDF). Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 147–154. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67..147H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.006. hdl:20.500.11937/32270. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, et al. (24 January 2014). "Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover". Science. 343 (6169). Tables 1 and 2. Bibcode:2014Sci...343D.386H. doi:10.1126/science.1244797. hdl:1874/309142. PMID 24324275. S2CID 33661472.
Kim D, Duran C, Giardini D, et al. (June 2023). "Global Crustal Thickness Revealed by Surface Waves Orbiting Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (12). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003482K. doi:10.1029/2023GL103482. hdl:20.500.11850/621318.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Khan A, Huang, D., Durán, C., et al. (October 2023). "Evidence for a liquid silicate layer atop the Martian core". Nature. 622 (7984): 718–723. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..718K. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06586-4. hdl:20.500.11850/639367. PMC 10600012. PMID 37880439.
Wieczorek MA, Broquet A, McLennan SM, et al. (May 2022). "InSight Constraints on the Global Character of the Martian Crust". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 127 (5). Bibcode:2022JGRE..12707298W. doi:10.1029/2022JE007298. hdl:10919/110830.
Fernando B, Daubar IJ, Charalambous C, et al. (October 2023). "A Tectonic Origin for the Largest Marsquake Observed by InSight". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (20). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003619F. doi:10.1029/2023GL103619. hdl:20.500.11850/639018.
Samuel H, Drilleau, Mélanie, Rivoldini, Attilio, et al. (October 2023). "Geophysical evidence for an enriched molten silicate layer above Mars's core". Nature. 622 (7984): 712–717. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..712S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8. hdl:20.500.11850/639623. PMC 10600000. PMID 37880437.
Schneider NM, Jain SK, Deighan J, et al. (16 August 2018). "Global Aurora on Mars During the September 2017 Space Weather Event". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (15): 7391–7398. Bibcode:2018GeoRL..45.7391S. doi:10.1029/2018GL077772. hdl:10150/631256. S2CID 115149852.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Schultz PH, Harris RS, Clemett SJ, et al. (June 2014). "Preserved flora and organics in impact melt breccias". Geology. 42 (6): 515–518. Bibcode:2014Geo....42..515S. doi:10.1130/G35343.1. hdl:2060/20140013110. S2CID 39019154.
Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Simon J, Bretagnon P, Chapront J, et al. (February 1994). "Numerical expressions for precession formulae and mean elements for the Moon and planets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 282 (2): 663–683. Bibcode:1994A&A...282..663S.
Souami D, Souchay J (July 2012). "The solar system's invariable plane". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 543: 11. Bibcode:2012A&A...543A.133S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219011. A133.
Seidelmann PK, Archinal BA, A'Hearn MF, et al. (2007). "Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements: 2006". Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 98 (3): 155–180. Bibcode:2007CeMDA..98..155S. doi:10.1007/s10569-007-9072-y.
Konopliv AS, Asmar SW, Folkner WM, et al. (January 2011). "Mars high resolution gravity fields from MRO, Mars seasonal gravity, and other dynamical parameters". Icarus. 211 (1): 401–428. Bibcode:2011Icar..211..401K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.004.
Hirt C, Claessens SJ, Kuhn M, et al. (July 2012). "Kilometer-resolution gravity field of Mars: MGM2011" (PDF). Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 147–154. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67..147H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.006. hdl:20.500.11937/32270. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Mallama, A. (2007). "The magnitude and albedo of Mars". Icarus. 192 (2): 404–416. Bibcode:2007Icar..192..404M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.011.
Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, et al. (24 January 2014). "Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover". Science. 343 (6169). Tables 1 and 2. Bibcode:2014Sci...343D.386H. doi:10.1126/science.1244797. hdl:1874/309142. PMID 24324275. S2CID 33661472.
Mallama A, Hilton JL (October 2018). "Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac". Astronomy and Computing. 25: 10–24. arXiv:1808.01973. Bibcode:2018A&C....25...10M. doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002. S2CID 69912809.
Halliday, A. N., Wänke, H., Birck, J.-L., et al. (2001). "The Accretion, Composition and Early Differentiation of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 197–230. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..197H. doi:10.1023/A:1011997206080. S2CID 55559040.
Zharkov VN (1993). "The role of Jupiter in the formation of planets". Evolution of the Earth and Planets. Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series. Vol. 74. pp. 7–17. Bibcode:1993GMS....74....7Z. doi:10.1029/GM074p0007. ISBN 978-1-118-66669-2.
Lunine JI, Chambers J, Morbidelli A, et al. (2003). "The origin of water on Mars". Icarus. 165 (1): 1–8. Bibcode:2003Icar..165....1L. doi:10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00172-6.
Barlow NG (5–7 October 1988). H. Frey (ed.). Conditions on Early Mars: Constraints from the Cratering Record. MEVTV Workshop on Early Tectonic and Volcanic Evolution of Mars. LPI Technical Report 89-04. Easton, Maryland: Lunar and Planetary Institute. p. 15. Bibcode:1989eamd.work...15B.
Nesvorný D (June 2018). "Dynamical Evolution of the Early Solar System". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 56: 137–174. arXiv:1807.06647. Bibcode:2018ARA&A..56..137N. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081817-052028.
Ćuk M, Minton DA, Pouplin JL, et al. (16 June 2020). "Evidence for a Past Martian Ring from the Orbital Inclination of Deimos". The Astrophysical Journal. 896 (2): L28. arXiv:2006.00645. Bibcode:2020ApJ...896L..28C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab974f. ISSN 2041-8213.
Tanaka KL (1986). "The Stratigraphy of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 91 (B13): E139–E158. Bibcode:1986JGR....91E.139T. doi:10.1029/JB091iB13p0E139. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
Hartmann, William K., Neukum, Gerhard (2001). "Cratering Chronology and the Evolution of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 165–194. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..165H. doi:10.1023/A:1011945222010. S2CID 7216371.
Mitchell, Karl L., Wilson, Lionel (2003). "Mars: recent geological activity : Mars: a geologically active planet". Astronomy & Geophysics. 44 (4): 4.16–4.20. Bibcode:2003A&G....44d..16M. doi:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44416.x.
Kim D, Duran C, Giardini D, et al. (June 2023). "Global Crustal Thickness Revealed by Surface Waves Orbiting Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (12). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003482K. doi:10.1029/2023GL103482. hdl:20.500.11850/621318.
Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Khan A, Huang, D., Durán, C., et al. (October 2023). "Evidence for a liquid silicate layer atop the Martian core". Nature. 622 (7984): 718–723. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..718K. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06586-4. hdl:20.500.11850/639367. PMC 10600012. PMID 37880439.
Nimmo F, Tanaka K (2005). "Early Crustal Evolution of Mars". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 33 (1): 133–161. Bibcode:2005AREPS..33..133N. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122637. S2CID 45843366.
Wieczorek MA, Broquet A, McLennan SM, et al. (May 2022). "InSight Constraints on the Global Character of the Martian Crust". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 127 (5). Bibcode:2022JGRE..12707298W. doi:10.1029/2022JE007298. hdl:10919/110830.
Huang Y, Chubakov V, Mantovani F, et al. (June 2013). "A reference Earth model for the heat-producing elements and associated geoneutrino flux". Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 14 (6): 2003–2029. arXiv:1301.0365. Bibcode:2013GGG....14.2003H. doi:10.1002/ggge.20129.
Fernando B, Daubar IJ, Charalambous C, et al. (October 2023). "A Tectonic Origin for the Largest Marsquake Observed by InSight". Geophysical Research Letters. 50 (20). Bibcode:2023GeoRL..5003619F. doi:10.1029/2023GL103619. hdl:20.500.11850/639018.
Golombek M, Warner NH, Grant JA, et al. (24 February 2020). "Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 11 (1014): 1014. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.1014G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14679-1. PMC 7039939. PMID 32094337.
Banerdt WB, Smrekar SE, Banfield D, et al. (2020). "Initial results from the InSight mission on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 13 (3): 183–189. Bibcode:2020NatGe..13..183B. doi:10.1038/s41561-020-0544-y.
Samuel H, Drilleau, Mélanie, Rivoldini, Attilio, et al. (October 2023). "Geophysical evidence for an enriched molten silicate layer above Mars's core". Nature. 622 (7984): 712–717. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..712S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8. hdl:20.500.11850/639623. PMC 10600000. PMID 37880437.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
McSween HY, Taylor GJ, Wyatt MB (May 2009). "Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust". Science. 324 (5928): 736–739. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..736M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.654.4713. doi:10.1126/science.1165871. PMID 19423810. S2CID 12443584.
Bandfield JL (June 2002). "Global mineral distributions on Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 107 (E6): 9–1–9–20. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5042B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.456.2934. doi:10.1029/2001JE001510.
Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Wet Chemistry Experiments on the 2007 Phoenix Mars Scout Lander: Data Analysis and Results". J. Geophys. Res. 115 (E3): E00–E10. Bibcode:2009JGRE..114.0A19K. doi:10.1029/2008JE003084. S2CID 39418301.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Soluble Sulfate in the Martian Soil at the Phoenix Landing Site". Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (9): L09201. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..37.9201K. doi:10.1029/2010GL042613. S2CID 12914422.
Schorghofer, Norbert, Aharonson, Oded, Khatiwala, Samar (2002). "Slope streaks on Mars: Correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 29 (23): 41–1. Bibcode:2002GeoRL..29.2126S. doi:10.1029/2002GL015889. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Gánti, Tibor (2003). "Dark Dune Spots: Possible Biomarkers on Mars?". Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere. 33 (4): 515–557. Bibcode:2003OLEB...33..515G. doi:10.1023/A:1025705828948. PMID 14604189. S2CID 23727267.
Davies ME, Berg RA (10 January 1971). "A preliminary control net of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 76 (2): 373–393. Bibcode:1971JGR....76..373D. doi:10.1029/JB076i002p00373. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Archinal, B. A., Caplinger, M. (Fall 2002). "Mars, the Meridian, and Mert: The Quest for Martian Longitude". American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002. 22: P22D–06. Bibcode:2002AGUFM.P22D..06A.
de Vaucouleurs G, Davies ME, Sturms FM Jr (1973), "Mariner 9 Areographic Coordinate System", Journal of Geophysical Research, 78 (20): 4395–4404, Bibcode:1973JGR....78.4395D, doi:10.1029/JB078i020p04395
Plescia JB (2004). "Morphometric Properties of Martian Volcanoes". J. Geophys. Res. 109 (E3): E03003. Bibcode:2004JGRE..109.3003P. doi:10.1029/2002JE002031.
Schenk P (2012). "The Geologically Recent Giant Impact Basins at Vesta's South Pole". Science. 336 (6082): 694–697. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..694S. doi:10.1126/science.1223272. PMID 22582256. S2CID 206541950.
Andrews-Hanna JC, Zuber MT, Banerdt WB (2008). "The Borealis basin and the origin of the Martian crustal dichotomy". Nature. 453 (7199): 1212–1215. Bibcode:2008Natur.453.1212A. doi:10.1038/nature07011. PMID 18580944. S2CID 1981671.
Wetherill GW (1999). "Problems Associated with Estimating the Relative Impact Rates on Mars and the Moon". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 9 (1–2): 227–231. Bibcode:1974Moon....9..227W. doi:10.1007/BF00565406. S2CID 120233258.
Costard FM (1989). "The spatial distribution of volatiles in the Martian hydrolithosphere". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 45 (3): 265–290. Bibcode:1989EM&P...45..265C. doi:10.1007/BF00057747. S2CID 120662027.
Sagan C, Fox P (August 1975). "The canals of Mars: An assessment after Mariner 9". Icarus. 25 (4): 602–612. Bibcode:1975Icar...25..602S. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90042-1. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Lin A (4 June 2012). "Structural analysis of the Valles Marineris fault zone: Possible evidence for large-scale strike-slip faulting on Mars". Lithosphere. 4 (4): 286–330. Bibcode:2012Lsphe...4..286Y. doi:10.1130/L192.1.
Jakosky BM (1 April 2022). "How did Mars lose its atmosphere and water?". Physics Today. 75 (4): 62–63. Bibcode:2022PhT....75d..62J. doi:10.1063/PT.3.4988. ISSN 0031-9228. S2CID 247882540.
Lundin, R (2004). "Solar Wind-Induced Atmospheric Erosion at Mars: First Results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express". Science. 305 (5692): 1933–1936. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1933L. doi:10.1126/science.1101860. PMID 15448263. S2CID 28142296.
Mahaffy PR (19 July 2013). "Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover". Science. 341 (6143): 263–266. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..263M. doi:10.1126/science.1237966. PMID 23869014. S2CID 206548973.
Lemmon MT (2004). "Atmospheric Imaging Results from Mars Rovers". Science. 306 (5702): 1753–1756. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1753L. doi:10.1126/science.1104474. PMID 15576613. S2CID 5645412.
Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
Franck L, Forget F (6 August 2009). "Observed variations of methane on Mars unexplained by known atmospheric chemistry and physics". Nature. 460 (7256): 720–723. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..720L. doi:10.1038/nature08228. PMID 19661912. S2CID 4355576.
Oze, C., Sharma, M. (2005). "Have olivine, will gas: Serpentinization and the abiogenic production of methane on Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (10): L10203. Bibcode:2005GeoRL..3210203O. doi:10.1029/2005GL022691. S2CID 28981740.
Webster CR, Mahaffy PR, Pla-Garcia J, et al. (June 2021). "Day-night differences in Mars methane suggest nighttime containment at Gale crater". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 650: A166. Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.166W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040030. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 236365559.
Wright K (22 March 2022). "Sound Speed Measured on Mars". Physics. 15: 43. Bibcode:2022PhyOJ..15...43W. doi:10.1103/Physics.15.43. S2CID 247720720. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Schneider NM, Jain SK, Deighan J, et al. (16 August 2018). "Global Aurora on Mars During the September 2017 Space Weather Event". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (15): 7391–7398. Bibcode:2018GeoRL..45.7391S. doi:10.1029/2018GL077772. hdl:10150/631256. S2CID 115149852.
Kluger J (1 September 1992). "Mars, in Earth's Image". Discover Magazine. 13 (9): 70. Bibcode:1992Disc...13...70K. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
Byrne, Shane, Ingersoll, Andrew P. (2003). "A Sublimation Model for Martian South Polar Ice Features". Science. 299 (5609): 1051–1053. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.1051B. doi:10.1126/science.1080148. PMID 12586939. S2CID 7819614.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Jaeger WL (21 September 2007). "Athabasca Valles, Mars: A Lava-Draped Channel System". Science. 317 (5845): 1709–1711. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1709J. doi:10.1126/science.1143315. PMID 17885126. S2CID 128890460.
Murray JB (17 March 2005). "Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator". Nature. 434 (703): 352–356. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..352M. doi:10.1038/nature03379. PMID 15772653. S2CID 4373323.
Craddock, R.A., Howard, A.D. (2002). "The case for rainfall on a warm, wet early Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 107 (E11): 21–1. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5111C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.485.7566. doi:10.1029/2001JE001505.
Malin MC, Edgett KS (30 June 2000). "Evidence for Recent Groundwater Seepage and Surface Runoff on Mars". Science. 288 (5475): 2330–2335. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.2330M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2330. PMID 10875910. S2CID 14232446.
Lewis, K.W., Aharonson, O. (2006). "Stratigraphic analysis of the distributary fan in Eberswalde crater using stereo imagery" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 111 (E06001): E06001. Bibcode:2006JGRE..111.6001L. doi:10.1029/2005JE002558. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Matsubara, Y., Howard, A.D., Drummond, S.A. (2011). "Hydrology of early Mars: Lake basins". Journal of Geophysical Research. 116 (E04001): E04001. Bibcode:2011JGRE..116.4001M. doi:10.1029/2010JE003739.
Mellon, J. T., Feldman, W. C., Prettyman, T. H. (2003). "The presence and stability of ground ice in the southern hemisphere of Mars". Icarus. 169 (2): 324–340. Bibcode:2004Icar..169..324M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.022.
Carr MH (2003). "Oceans on Mars: An assessment of the observational evidence and possible fate". Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (5042): 24. Bibcode:2003JGRE..108.5042C. doi:10.1029/2002JE001963. S2CID 16367611.
Plaut, J. J (2007). "Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars". Science. 316 (5821): 92–95. Bibcode:2007Sci...316...92P. doi:10.1126/science.1139672. PMID 17363628. S2CID 23336149.
Smith, Isaac B., Holt, J. W. (2010). "Onset and migration of spiral troughs on Mars revealed by orbital radar". Nature. 465 (4): 450–453. Bibcode:2010Natur.465..450S. doi:10.1038/nature09049. PMID 20505722. S2CID 4416144.
McCubbin FM, Hauri EH, Elardo SM, et al. (August 2012). "Hydrous melting of the martian mantle produced both depleted and enriched shergottites". Geology. 40 (8): 683–686. Bibcode:2012Geo....40..683M. doi:10.1130/G33242.1. ISSN 1943-2682.
Ojha L, Wilhelm MB, Murchie SL, et al. (2015). "Spectral evidence for hydrated salts in recurring slope lineae on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 8 (11): 829–832. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..829O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2546. S2CID 59152931.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Schorghofer N (12 February 2020). "Mars: Quantitative Evaluation of Crocus Melting behind Boulders". The Astrophysical Journal. 890 (1): 49. Bibcode:2020ApJ...890...49S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab612f. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 213701664.
Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Head, J.W. (1999). "Possible Ancient Oceans on Mars: Evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter Data". Science. 286 (5447): 2134–7. Bibcode:1999Sci...286.2134H. doi:10.1126/science.286.5447.2134. PMID 10591640. S2CID 35233339.
Mitrofanov I, Malakhov A, Djachkova M, et al. (March 2022). "The evidence for unusually high hydrogen abundances in the central part of Valles Marineris on Mars". Icarus. 374: 114805. Bibcode:2022Icar..37414805M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114805. S2CID 244449654.
Petropoulos AE, Longuski JM, Bonfiglio EP (2000). "Trajectories to Jupiter via Gravity Assists from Venus, Earth, and Mars". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 37 (6). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA): 776–783. Bibcode:2000JSpRo..37..776P. doi:10.2514/2.3650. ISSN 0022-4650.
Adler M, Owen W, Riedel J (June 2012). Use of MRO Optical Navigation Camera to Prepare for Mars Sample Return (PDF). Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration. 12–14 June 2012. Houston, Texas. 4337. Bibcode:2012LPICo1679.4337A. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
Andert TP, Rosenblatt, P., Pätzold, M., et al. (7 May 2010). "Precise mass determination and the nature of Phobos". Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (L09202): L09202. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..37.9202A. doi:10.1029/2009GL041829.
Bagheri A, Khan A, Efroimsky M, et al. (22 February 2021). "Dynamical evidence for Phobos and Deimos as remnants of a disrupted common progenitor". Nature Astronomy. 5 (6): 539–543. Bibcode:2021NatAs...5..539B. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01306-2. S2CID 233924981.
Novakovic B (2008). "Senenmut: An Ancient Egyptian Astronomer". Publications of the Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade. 85: 19–23. arXiv:0801.1331. Bibcode:2008POBeo..85...19N.
Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
Breyer S (1979). "Mutual Occultation of Planets". Sky and Telescope. 57 (3): 220. Bibcode:1979S&T....57..220A.
Peters WT (1984). "The Appearance of Venus and Mars in 1610". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 15 (3): 211–214. Bibcode:1984JHA....15..211P. doi:10.1177/002182868401500306. S2CID 118187803.
Sheehan W (1996). "2: Pioneers". The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery. Tucson: University of Arizona. Bibcode:1996pmho.book.....S. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2010 – via uapress.arizona.edu.
Perrotin M (1886). "Observations des canaux de Mars". Bulletin Astronomique. Série I (in French). 3: 324–329. Bibcode:1886BuAsI...3..324P. doi:10.3406/bastr.1886.9920. S2CID 128159166.
Salisbury FB (1962). "Martian Biology". Science. 136 (3510): 17–26. Bibcode:1962Sci...136...17S. doi:10.1126/science.136.3510.17. JSTOR 1708777. PMID 17779780. S2CID 39512870.
Kopparapu RK, Ramirez R, Kasting JF, et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.
Kounaves SP (2014). "Evidence of martian perchlorate, chlorate, and nitrate in Mars meteorite EETA79001: implications for oxidants and organics". Icarus. 229: 206–213. Bibcode:2014Icar..229..206K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2013.11.012.
Krasnopolsky, Vladimir A., Maillard, Jean-Pierre, Owen, Tobias C. (2004). "Detection of methane in the Martian atmosphere: evidence for life?". Icarus. 172 (2): 537–547. Bibcode:2004Icar..172..537K. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.07.004.
Schultz PH, Harris RS, Clemett SJ, et al. (June 2014). "Preserved flora and organics in impact melt breccias". Geology. 42 (6): 515–518. Bibcode:2014Geo....42..515S. doi:10.1130/G35343.1. hdl:2060/20140013110. S2CID 39019154.
Musk E (1 March 2018). "Making Life Multi-Planetary". New Space. 6 (1): 2–11. Bibcode:2018NewSp...6....2M. doi:10.1089/space.2018.29013.emu. ISSN 2168-0256. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
Reid J (2011). "An Astronomer's Guide to Holst's The Planets" (PDF). Sky and Telescope. 121 (1): 66. Bibcode:2011S&T...121a..66R. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

imcce.fr

promenade.imcce.fr

"Encyclopedia - the brightest bodies". IMCCE. Archived from the original on 24 July 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.

imcce.fr

Laskar J (14 August 2003). "Primer on Mars oppositions". IMCCE, Paris Observatory. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2010. (Solex results) Archived 9 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine

ips-planetarium.org

Meeus J (March 2003). "When Was Mars Last This Close?". International Planetarium Society. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2008.

jstor.org

Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Salisbury FB (1962). "Martian Biology". Science. 136 (3510): 17–26. Bibcode:1962Sci...136...17S. doi:10.1126/science.136.3510.17. JSTOR 1708777. PMID 17779780. S2CID 39512870.

liebertpub.com

Musk E (1 March 2018). "Making Life Multi-Planetary". New Space. 6 (1): 2–11. Bibcode:2018NewSp...6....2M. doi:10.1089/space.2018.29013.emu. ISSN 2168-0256. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2022.

mashable.com

Taylor C (9 July 2020). "Welcome to Cloud City: The case for going to Venus, not Mars". Mashable. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.

mit.edu

Goodman JC (22 September 1997). "The Past, Present, and Possible Future of Martian Climate". MIT. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 26 February 2007.

nasa.gov

Neal-Jones N, O'Carroll C. "New Map Provides More Evidence Mars Once Like Earth". NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Brown D, Neal-Jones N, Steigerwald B, et al. (18 March 2015). "NASA Spacecraft Detects Aurora and Mysterious Dust Cloud around Mars". NASA. Release 15-045. Archived from the original on 19 March 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Webster G, Neal-Jones N, Scott J, et al. (29 September 2017). "Large Solar Storm Sparks Global Aurora and Doubles Radiation Levels on the Martian Surface". NASA. Archived from the original on 1 October 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Hille K (18 September 2015). "The Fact and Fiction of Martian Dust Storms". NASA. Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
"NASA – NASA Rover Finds Clues to Changes in Mars' Atmosphere". NASA. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 19 October 2014. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended". Science @ NASA. 31 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2008. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA Images Suggest Water Still Flows in Brief Spurts on Mars". NASA. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA - Northern Ice Cap of Mars". www.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
"NASA – NASA Mars Rover Finds Mineral Vein Deposited by Water". NASA. 7 December 2011. Archived from the original on 15 June 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2012. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars". NASA. 28 September 2015. Archived from the original on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"New Online Tools Bring NASA's Journey to Mars to a New Generation". NASA. 5 August 2015. Archived from the original on 7 August 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
Brown D, Webster G, Stacey K (8 June 2015). "NASA Spacecraft Detects Impact Glass on Surface of Mars" (Press release). NASA. Archived from the original on 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

jpl.nasa.gov

"HiRISE Catches an Avalanche on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 12 August 2020. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"Comparison of Martian Radiation Environment with International Space Station". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 13 March 2003. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
Jones N, Steigerwald B, Brown D, et al. (14 October 2014). "NASA Mission Provides Its First Look at Martian Upper Atmosphere". NASA. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2014. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mars' South Pole Ice Deep and Wide". NASA. 15 March 2007. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009. Retrieved 16 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mineral in Mars 'Berries' Adds to Water Story" (Press release). NASA. 3 March 2004. Archived from the original on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"The Ever-Changing Swiss Cheese of Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
"Mars Rover Investigates Signs of Steamy Martian Past". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 10 December 2007. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
"Mars Ice Deposit Holds as Much Water as Lake Superior". NASA. 22 November 2016. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

mars.nasa.gov

"Mars Atlas: Olympus Mons". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
"Mars Facts | All About Mars". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
"July 4, 2016 First Day of Spring on Mars & Juno Arrival at Jupiter". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
"Mars Opposition | Mars in our Night Sky". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"Mars Close Approach | Mars in our Night Sky". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
NASA (9 October 2022). "All About Mars". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
"Mars Sample Return Campaign". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 June 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.

science.nasa.gov

"The Lure of Hematite". Science@NASA. NASA. 28 March 2001. Archived from the original on 14 January 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
Philips T (31 January 2001). "The Solar Wind at Mars". Science@NASA. Archived from the original on 18 August 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Auroras on Mars – NASA Science". science.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Philips T (16 July 2001). "Planet Gobbling Dust Storms". Science @ NASA. Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 7 June 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Phillips T (7 August 2003). "Mars is Melting". Science@NASA. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

solarsystem.nasa.gov

"In Depth | Mars". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
"Phobos". NASA Solar System Exploration. 19 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
"In Depth | Mariner 04". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020. The Mariner 4 mission, the second of two Mars flyby attempts launched in 1964 by NASA, was one of the great early successes of the agency, and indeed the Space Age, returning the very first photos of another planet from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. "Spacecraft – Details - Mariner 4". NASA – NSSDCA. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2020. Mariner 4...represented the first successful flyby of the planet Mars, returning the first pictures of the martian surface. These represented the first images of another planet ever returned from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Solar System Symbols". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov

Williams D (2018). "Mars Fact Sheet". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.; Mean Anomaly (deg) 19.412 = (Mean Longitude (deg) 355.45332) – (Longitude of perihelion (deg) 336.04084) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"In Depth | Mariner 04". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020. The Mariner 4 mission, the second of two Mars flyby attempts launched in 1964 by NASA, was one of the great early successes of the agency, and indeed the Space Age, returning the very first photos of another planet from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. "Spacecraft – Details - Mariner 4". NASA – NSSDCA. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2020. Mariner 4...represented the first successful flyby of the planet Mars, returning the first pictures of the martian surface. These represented the first images of another planet ever returned from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

marsrover.nasa.gov

"Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Spotlight". Marsrover.nasa.gov. 12 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2012. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Science". NASA. 12 July 2007. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2010. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

mars.jpl.nasa.gov

NASA – Mars in a Minute: Is Mars Really Red? Archived 20 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine (Transcript Archived 6 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Webster G, Brown D (18 March 2013). "Curiosity Mars Rover Sees Trend in Water Presence". NASA. Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

ssd.jpl.nasa.gov

"HORIZONS Batch call for 2022 perihelion" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). Solar System Dynamics Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.

giss.nasa.gov

Allison M, Schmunk R. "Mars24 Sunclock — Time on Mars". NASA GISS. Archived from the original on 24 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

mgs-mager.gsfc.nasa.gov

Valentine, Theresa, Amde, Lishan (9 November 2006). "Magnetic Fields and Mars". Mars Global Surveyor @ NASA. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2009. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

history.nasa.gov

"Viking and the Resources of Mars" (PDF). Humans to Mars: Fifty Years of Mission Planning, 1950–2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

geo.pds.nasa.gov

NASA (19 April 2007). "Mars Global Surveyor: MOLA MEGDRs". geo.pds.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2011.

www-mgcm.arc.nasa.gov

"Mars' desert surface..." MGCM Press release. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 July 2007. Retrieved 25 February 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov

"Mars Rovers Spot Water-Clue Mineral, Frost, Clouds". NASA. 13 December 2004. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov

Staff (22 November 2016). "Scalloped Terrain Led to Finding of Buried Ice on Mars". NASA. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

nasonline.org

Wright WH (1947). Biographical Memoir of William Wallace Campbell, 1862–1938 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.

nationalgeographic.com

"What Mars Maps Got Right (and Wrong) Through Time". National Geographic. 19 October 2016. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
Lovett RA (8 December 2011). "Rover Finds "Bulletproof" Evidence of Water on Early Mars". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Lovett RA (26 June 2012). "Mars Has "Oceans" of Water Inside?". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Drake N (29 July 2020). "Why we explore Mars—and what decades of missions have revealed". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

news.nationalgeographic.com

Drake N (28 September 2015). "NASA Finds 'Definitive' Liquid Water on Mars". National Geographic News. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.

nature.com

Peplow M (6 May 2004). "How Mars got its rust". Nature: news040503–6. doi:10.1038/news040503-6. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
van der Lee S (25 October 2023). "Deep Mars is surprisingly soft". Nature. 622 (7984): 699–700. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03151-x. PMID 37880433. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
Witze A (25 October 2023). "Mars has a surprise layer of molten rock inside". Nature. 623 (7985): 20. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03271-4. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.

nau.edu

www4.nau.edu

"NAU researchers find possible caves on Mars". Inside NAU. Vol. 4, no. 12. Northern Arizona University. 28 March 2007. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 28 May 2007.

nbcnews.com

Chow D (7 December 2021). "In an ultraviolet glow, auroras on Mars spotted by UAE orbiter". NBC News. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, et al. (24 January 2014). "Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover". Science. 343 (6169). Tables 1 and 2. Bibcode:2014Sci...343D.386H. doi:10.1126/science.1244797. hdl:1874/309142. PMID 24324275. S2CID 33661472.
Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Khan A, Huang, D., Durán, C., et al. (October 2023). "Evidence for a liquid silicate layer atop the Martian core". Nature. 622 (7984): 718–723. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..718K. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06586-4. hdl:20.500.11850/639367. PMC 10600012. PMID 37880439.
Golombek M, Warner NH, Grant JA, et al. (24 February 2020). "Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 11 (1014): 1014. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.1014G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14679-1. PMC 7039939. PMID 32094337.
Samuel H, Drilleau, Mélanie, Rivoldini, Attilio, et al. (October 2023). "Geophysical evidence for an enriched molten silicate layer above Mars's core". Nature. 622 (7984): 712–717. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..712S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8. hdl:20.500.11850/639623. PMC 10600000. PMID 37880437.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
van der Lee S (25 October 2023). "Deep Mars is surprisingly soft". Nature. 622 (7984): 699–700. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03151-x. PMID 37880433. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
McSween HY, Taylor GJ, Wyatt MB (May 2009). "Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust". Science. 324 (5928): 736–739. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..736M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.654.4713. doi:10.1126/science.1165871. PMID 19423810. S2CID 12443584.
Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Gánti, Tibor (2003). "Dark Dune Spots: Possible Biomarkers on Mars?". Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere. 33 (4): 515–557. Bibcode:2003OLEB...33..515G. doi:10.1023/A:1025705828948. PMID 14604189. S2CID 23727267.
Schenk P (2012). "The Geologically Recent Giant Impact Basins at Vesta's South Pole". Science. 336 (6082): 694–697. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..694S. doi:10.1126/science.1223272. PMID 22582256. S2CID 206541950.
Andrews-Hanna JC, Zuber MT, Banerdt WB (2008). "The Borealis basin and the origin of the Martian crustal dichotomy". Nature. 453 (7199): 1212–1215. Bibcode:2008Natur.453.1212A. doi:10.1038/nature07011. PMID 18580944. S2CID 1981671.
Lundin, R (2004). "Solar Wind-Induced Atmospheric Erosion at Mars: First Results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express". Science. 305 (5692): 1933–1936. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1933L. doi:10.1126/science.1101860. PMID 15448263. S2CID 28142296.
Mahaffy PR (19 July 2013). "Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover". Science. 341 (6143): 263–266. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..263M. doi:10.1126/science.1237966. PMID 23869014. S2CID 206548973.
Lemmon MT (2004). "Atmospheric Imaging Results from Mars Rovers". Science. 306 (5702): 1753–1756. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1753L. doi:10.1126/science.1104474. PMID 15576613. S2CID 5645412.
Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
Franck L, Forget F (6 August 2009). "Observed variations of methane on Mars unexplained by known atmospheric chemistry and physics". Nature. 460 (7256): 720–723. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..720L. doi:10.1038/nature08228. PMID 19661912. S2CID 4355576.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.
Byrne, Shane, Ingersoll, Andrew P. (2003). "A Sublimation Model for Martian South Polar Ice Features". Science. 299 (5609): 1051–1053. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.1051B. doi:10.1126/science.1080148. PMID 12586939. S2CID 7819614.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Kerr RA (4 March 2005). "Ice or Lava Sea on Mars? A Transatlantic Debate Erupts". Science. 307 (5714): 1390–1391. doi:10.1126/science.307.5714.1390a. PMID 15746395. S2CID 38239541.
Jaeger WL (21 September 2007). "Athabasca Valles, Mars: A Lava-Draped Channel System". Science. 317 (5845): 1709–1711. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1709J. doi:10.1126/science.1143315. PMID 17885126. S2CID 128890460.
Murray JB (17 March 2005). "Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator". Nature. 434 (703): 352–356. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..352M. doi:10.1038/nature03379. PMID 15772653. S2CID 4373323.
Malin MC, Edgett KS (30 June 2000). "Evidence for Recent Groundwater Seepage and Surface Runoff on Mars". Science. 288 (5475): 2330–2335. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.2330M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2330. PMID 10875910. S2CID 14232446.
Plaut, J. J (2007). "Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars". Science. 316 (5821): 92–95. Bibcode:2007Sci...316...92P. doi:10.1126/science.1139672. PMID 17363628. S2CID 23336149.
Smith, Isaac B., Holt, J. W. (2010). "Onset and migration of spiral troughs on Mars revealed by orbital radar". Nature. 465 (4): 450–453. Bibcode:2010Natur.465..450S. doi:10.1038/nature09049. PMID 20505722. S2CID 4416144.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Head, J.W. (1999). "Possible Ancient Oceans on Mars: Evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter Data". Science. 286 (5447): 2134–7. Bibcode:1999Sci...286.2134H. doi:10.1126/science.286.5447.2134. PMID 10591640. S2CID 35233339.
Maria, K., Lane, D. (2005). "Geographers of Mars". Isis. 96 (4): 477–506. doi:10.1086/498590. PMID 16536152. S2CID 33079760.
Zahnle K (2001). "Decline and fall of the Martian empire". Nature. 412 (6843): 209–213. doi:10.1038/35084148. PMID 11449281. S2CID 22725986.
Salisbury FB (1962). "Martian Biology". Science. 136 (3510): 17–26. Bibcode:1962Sci...136...17S. doi:10.1126/science.136.3510.17. JSTOR 1708777. PMID 17779780. S2CID 39512870.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Khan A, Huang, D., Durán, C., et al. (October 2023). "Evidence for a liquid silicate layer atop the Martian core". Nature. 622 (7984): 718–723. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..718K. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06586-4. hdl:20.500.11850/639367. PMC 10600012. PMID 37880439.
Golombek M, Warner NH, Grant JA, et al. (24 February 2020). "Geology of the InSight landing site on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 11 (1014): 1014. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.1014G. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14679-1. PMC 7039939. PMID 32094337.
Samuel H, Drilleau, Mélanie, Rivoldini, Attilio, et al. (October 2023). "Geophysical evidence for an enriched molten silicate layer above Mars's core". Nature. 622 (7984): 712–717. Bibcode:2023Natur.622..712S. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8. hdl:20.500.11850/639623. PMC 10600000. PMID 37880437.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.

npr.org

"Water May Still Flow on Mars, NASA Photo Suggests". NASA. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 2 January 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Bichell RE (6 July 2017). "To Prepare For Mars Settlement, Simulated Missions Explore Utah's Desert". NPR. Archived from the original on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.

nss.org

space.nss.org

Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.

nytimes.com

Chang K (26 June 2008). "Huge Meteor Strike Explains Mars's Shape, Reports Say". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
Chang K (15 April 2023). "New Mars Map Lets You 'See the Whole Planet at Once' - Scientists assembled 3,000 images from an Emirati orbiter to create the prettiest atlas yet of the red planet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
Kaufman M (5 March 2015). "Mars Had an Ocean, Scientists Say, Pointing to New Data". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
Dunlap DW (1 October 2015). "Life on Mars? You Read It Here First". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 October 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
Myers SL, Chang K (14 May 2021). "China's Mars Rover Mission Lands on the Red Planet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
Chang K (4 August 2021). "Gilbert V. Levin, Who Said He Found Signs of Life on Mars, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 August 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2021.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Jackson AP, Gabriel TS, Asphaug EI (1 March 2018). "Constraints on the pre-impact orbits of Solar system giant impactors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (3): 2924–2936. arXiv:1711.05285. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2901. ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

pc-tablet.com

Davidson J. "Blue Origin Debuts New Glenn on Our Launch Pad". Retrieved 15 April 2024.

perma-archives.org

Foust J (18 April 2019). "Independent report concludes 2033 human Mars mission is not feasible". Space News. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2022.

phys.org

Williams M (21 November 2016). "How bad is the radiation on Mars?". Phys.org. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.

pitt.edu

ivis.eps.pitt.edu

Wright S (4 April 2003). "Infrared Analyses of Small Impact Craters on Earth and Mars". University of Pittsburgh. Archived from the original on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 26 February 2007.

planetary.org

"NASA, ESA Officials Outline Latest Mars Sample Return Plans". planetary.org. 13 August 2019. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2019.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

McSween HY, Taylor GJ, Wyatt MB (May 2009). "Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust". Science. 324 (5928): 736–739. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..736M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.654.4713. doi:10.1126/science.1165871. PMID 19423810. S2CID 12443584.
Bandfield JL (June 2002). "Global mineral distributions on Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 107 (E6): 9–1–9–20. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5042B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.456.2934. doi:10.1029/2001JE001510.
Zeitler, W., Ohlhof, T., Ebner, H. (2000). "Recomputation of the global Mars control-point network". Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing. 66 (2): 155–161. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.372.5691.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
Craddock, R.A., Howard, A.D. (2002). "The case for rainfall on a warm, wet early Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 107 (E11): 21–1. Bibcode:2002JGRE..107.5111C. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.485.7566. doi:10.1029/2001JE001505.

rps.psu.edu

Fergus C (2004). "Mars Fever". Research/Penn State. 24 (2). Archived from the original on 31 August 2003. Retrieved 2 August 2007.

reuters.com

"China plans its first crewed mission to Mars in 2033". Reuters. 23 June 2021. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.

sagepub.com

journals.sagepub.com

Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.

sci.news

News Staff (4 June 2020). "Researchers Find New Evidence that Mars Once Had Massive Ring | Sci.News". Sci.News: Breaking Science News. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.

science.org

Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.

sciencenews.org

Yeager A (19 July 2008). "Impact May Have Transformed Mars". ScienceNews.org. Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2008.

scientificamerican.com

Minkel JR (26 June 2008). "Giant Asteroid Flattened Half of Mars, Studies Suggest". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
Moskowitz C. "Water Flows on Mars Today, NASA Announces". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
Temming M (12 June 2015). "Exotic Glass Could Help Unravel Mysteries of Mars". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 15 June 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015.

scitechdaily.com

Staff (16 April 2023). "Welcome to Mars! Caltech's Jaw-Dropping, 5.7 Terapixel Virtual Expedition Across the Red Planet". SciTech. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Hassler DM, Zeitlin C, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF, et al. (24 January 2014). "Mars' Surface Radiation Environment Measured with the Mars Science Laboratory's Curiosity Rover". Science. 343 (6169). Tables 1 and 2. Bibcode:2014Sci...343D.386H. doi:10.1126/science.1244797. hdl:1874/309142. PMID 24324275. S2CID 33661472.
Mallama A, Hilton JL (October 2018). "Computing apparent planetary magnitudes for The Astronomical Almanac". Astronomy and Computing. 25: 10–24. arXiv:1808.01973. Bibcode:2018A&C....25...10M. doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2018.08.002. S2CID 69912809.
Halliday, A. N., Wänke, H., Birck, J.-L., et al. (2001). "The Accretion, Composition and Early Differentiation of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 197–230. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..197H. doi:10.1023/A:1011997206080. S2CID 55559040.
Hartmann, William K., Neukum, Gerhard (2001). "Cratering Chronology and the Evolution of Mars". Space Science Reviews. 96 (1/4): 165–194. Bibcode:2001SSRv...96..165H. doi:10.1023/A:1011945222010. S2CID 7216371.
Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
Nimmo F, Tanaka K (2005). "Early Crustal Evolution of Mars". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 33 (1): 133–161. Bibcode:2005AREPS..33..133N. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122637. S2CID 45843366.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
McSween HY, Taylor GJ, Wyatt MB (May 2009). "Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust". Science. 324 (5928): 736–739. Bibcode:2009Sci...324..736M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.654.4713. doi:10.1126/science.1165871. PMID 19423810. S2CID 12443584.
Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Wet Chemistry Experiments on the 2007 Phoenix Mars Scout Lander: Data Analysis and Results". J. Geophys. Res. 115 (E3): E00–E10. Bibcode:2009JGRE..114.0A19K. doi:10.1029/2008JE003084. S2CID 39418301.
Kounaves SP (2010). "Soluble Sulfate in the Martian Soil at the Phoenix Landing Site". Geophysical Research Letters. 37 (9): L09201. Bibcode:2010GeoRL..37.9201K. doi:10.1029/2010GL042613. S2CID 12914422.
Gánti, Tibor (2003). "Dark Dune Spots: Possible Biomarkers on Mars?". Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere. 33 (4): 515–557. Bibcode:2003OLEB...33..515G. doi:10.1023/A:1025705828948. PMID 14604189. S2CID 23727267.
Tanaka KL, Coles KS, Christensen PR, eds. (2019), "Syrtis Major (MC-13)", The Atlas of Mars: Mapping its Geography and Geology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 136–139, doi:10.1017/9781139567428.018, ISBN 978-1-139-56742-8, S2CID 240843698, archived from the original on 1 March 2024, retrieved 18 January 2022
Ardalan AA, Karimi R, Grafarend EW (2009). "A New Reference Equipotential Surface, and Reference Ellipsoid for the Planet Mars". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 106 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11038-009-9342-7. ISSN 0167-9295. S2CID 119952798.
Schenk P (2012). "The Geologically Recent Giant Impact Basins at Vesta's South Pole". Science. 336 (6082): 694–697. Bibcode:2012Sci...336..694S. doi:10.1126/science.1223272. PMID 22582256. S2CID 206541950.
Andrews-Hanna JC, Zuber MT, Banerdt WB (2008). "The Borealis basin and the origin of the Martian crustal dichotomy". Nature. 453 (7199): 1212–1215. Bibcode:2008Natur.453.1212A. doi:10.1038/nature07011. PMID 18580944. S2CID 1981671.
Wetherill GW (1999). "Problems Associated with Estimating the Relative Impact Rates on Mars and the Moon". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 9 (1–2): 227–231. Bibcode:1974Moon....9..227W. doi:10.1007/BF00565406. S2CID 120233258.
Costard FM (1989). "The spatial distribution of volatiles in the Martian hydrolithosphere". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 45 (3): 265–290. Bibcode:1989EM&P...45..265C. doi:10.1007/BF00057747. S2CID 120662027.
Jakosky BM (1 April 2022). "How did Mars lose its atmosphere and water?". Physics Today. 75 (4): 62–63. Bibcode:2022PhT....75d..62J. doi:10.1063/PT.3.4988. ISSN 0031-9228. S2CID 247882540.
Lundin, R (2004). "Solar Wind-Induced Atmospheric Erosion at Mars: First Results from ASPERA-3 on Mars Express". Science. 305 (5692): 1933–1936. Bibcode:2004Sci...305.1933L. doi:10.1126/science.1101860. PMID 15448263. S2CID 28142296.
Mahaffy PR (19 July 2013). "Abundance and Isotopic Composition of Gases in the Martian Atmosphere from the Curiosity Rover". Science. 341 (6143): 263–266. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..263M. doi:10.1126/science.1237966. PMID 23869014. S2CID 206548973.
Lemmon MT (2004). "Atmospheric Imaging Results from Mars Rovers". Science. 306 (5702): 1753–1756. Bibcode:2004Sci...306.1753L. doi:10.1126/science.1104474. PMID 15576613. S2CID 5645412.
Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
Franck L, Forget F (6 August 2009). "Observed variations of methane on Mars unexplained by known atmospheric chemistry and physics". Nature. 460 (7256): 720–723. Bibcode:2009Natur.460..720L. doi:10.1038/nature08228. PMID 19661912. S2CID 4355576.
Oze, C., Sharma, M. (2005). "Have olivine, will gas: Serpentinization and the abiogenic production of methane on Mars". Geophysical Research Letters. 32 (10): L10203. Bibcode:2005GeoRL..3210203O. doi:10.1029/2005GL022691. S2CID 28981740.
Webster CR, Mahaffy PR, Pla-Garcia J, et al. (June 2021). "Day-night differences in Mars methane suggest nighttime containment at Gale crater". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 650: A166. Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.166W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040030. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 236365559.
Wright K (22 March 2022). "Sound Speed Measured on Mars". Physics. 15: 43. Bibcode:2022PhyOJ..15...43W. doi:10.1103/Physics.15.43. S2CID 247720720. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Schneider NM, Jain SK, Deighan J, et al. (16 August 2018). "Global Aurora on Mars During the September 2017 Space Weather Event". Geophysical Research Letters. 45 (15): 7391–7398. Bibcode:2018GeoRL..45.7391S. doi:10.1029/2018GL077772. hdl:10150/631256. S2CID 115149852.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
Byrne, Shane, Ingersoll, Andrew P. (2003). "A Sublimation Model for Martian South Polar Ice Features". Science. 299 (5609): 1051–1053. Bibcode:2003Sci...299.1051B. doi:10.1126/science.1080148. PMID 12586939. S2CID 7819614.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Kerr RA (4 March 2005). "Ice or Lava Sea on Mars? A Transatlantic Debate Erupts". Science. 307 (5714): 1390–1391. doi:10.1126/science.307.5714.1390a. PMID 15746395. S2CID 38239541.
Jaeger WL (21 September 2007). "Athabasca Valles, Mars: A Lava-Draped Channel System". Science. 317 (5845): 1709–1711. Bibcode:2007Sci...317.1709J. doi:10.1126/science.1143315. PMID 17885126. S2CID 128890460.
Murray JB (17 March 2005). "Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator". Nature. 434 (703): 352–356. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..352M. doi:10.1038/nature03379. PMID 15772653. S2CID 4373323.
Malin MC, Edgett KS (30 June 2000). "Evidence for Recent Groundwater Seepage and Surface Runoff on Mars". Science. 288 (5475): 2330–2335. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.2330M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2330. PMID 10875910. S2CID 14232446.
Carr MH (2003). "Oceans on Mars: An assessment of the observational evidence and possible fate". Journal of Geophysical Research. 108 (5042): 24. Bibcode:2003JGRE..108.5042C. doi:10.1029/2002JE001963. S2CID 16367611.
Plaut, J. J (2007). "Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars". Science. 316 (5821): 92–95. Bibcode:2007Sci...316...92P. doi:10.1126/science.1139672. PMID 17363628. S2CID 23336149.
Smith, Isaac B., Holt, J. W. (2010). "Onset and migration of spiral troughs on Mars revealed by orbital radar". Nature. 465 (4): 450–453. Bibcode:2010Natur.465..450S. doi:10.1038/nature09049. PMID 20505722. S2CID 4416144.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Ojha L, Wilhelm MB, Murchie SL, et al. (2015). "Spectral evidence for hydrated salts in recurring slope lineae on Mars". Nature Geoscience. 8 (11): 829–832. Bibcode:2015NatGe...8..829O. doi:10.1038/ngeo2546. S2CID 59152931.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Schorghofer N (12 February 2020). "Mars: Quantitative Evaluation of Crocus Melting behind Boulders". The Astrophysical Journal. 890 (1): 49. Bibcode:2020ApJ...890...49S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab612f. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 213701664.
Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Head, J.W. (1999). "Possible Ancient Oceans on Mars: Evidence from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter Data". Science. 286 (5447): 2134–7. Bibcode:1999Sci...286.2134H. doi:10.1126/science.286.5447.2134. PMID 10591640. S2CID 35233339.
Mitrofanov I, Malakhov A, Djachkova M, et al. (March 2022). "The evidence for unusually high hydrogen abundances in the central part of Valles Marineris on Mars". Icarus. 374: 114805. Bibcode:2022Icar..37414805M. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114805. S2CID 244449654.
Bagheri A, Khan A, Efroimsky M, et al. (22 February 2021). "Dynamical evidence for Phobos and Deimos as remnants of a disrupted common progenitor". Nature Astronomy. 5 (6): 539–543. Bibcode:2021NatAs...5..539B. doi:10.1038/s41550-021-01306-2. S2CID 233924981.
Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
Peters WT (1984). "The Appearance of Venus and Mars in 1610". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 15 (3): 211–214. Bibcode:1984JHA....15..211P. doi:10.1177/002182868401500306. S2CID 118187803.
Maria, K., Lane, D. (2005). "Geographers of Mars". Isis. 96 (4): 477–506. doi:10.1086/498590. PMID 16536152. S2CID 33079760.
Perrotin M (1886). "Observations des canaux de Mars". Bulletin Astronomique. Série I (in French). 3: 324–329. Bibcode:1886BuAsI...3..324P. doi:10.3406/bastr.1886.9920. S2CID 128159166.
Zahnle K (2001). "Decline and fall of the Martian empire". Nature. 412 (6843): 209–213. doi:10.1038/35084148. PMID 11449281. S2CID 22725986.
Salisbury FB (1962). "Martian Biology". Science. 136 (3510): 17–26. Bibcode:1962Sci...136...17S. doi:10.1126/science.136.3510.17. JSTOR 1708777. PMID 17779780. S2CID 39512870.
Kopparapu RK, Ramirez R, Kasting JF, et al. (2013). "Habitable Zones Around Main-Sequence Stars: New Estimates". The Astrophysical Journal. 765 (2): 131. arXiv:1301.6674. Bibcode:2013ApJ...765..131K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/765/2/131. S2CID 76651902.
Peplow M (25 February 2005). "Formaldehyde claim inflames Martian debate". Nature. doi:10.1038/news050221-15. S2CID 128986558.
Schultz PH, Harris RS, Clemett SJ, et al. (June 2014). "Preserved flora and organics in impact melt breccias". Geology. 42 (6): 515–518. Bibcode:2014Geo....42..515S. doi:10.1130/G35343.1. hdl:2060/20140013110. S2CID 39019154.
Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

seti.org

daleandersen.seti.org

Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'

skyandtelescope.org

Reid J (2011). "An Astronomer's Guide to Holst's The Planets" (PDF). Sky and Telescope. 121 (1): 66. Bibcode:2011S&T...121a..66R. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

smithsonianmag.com

Eschner K. "The Bizarre Beliefs of Astronomer Percival Lowell". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.

space.com

Sharp T, Gordon J, Tillman N (31 January 2022). "What is the Temperature of Mars?". Space.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
David L (13 June 2013). "Toxic Mars: Astronauts Must Deal with Perchlorate on the Red Planet". Space.com. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
Wall M (9 December 2013). "Radiation on Mars 'Manageable' for Manned Mission, Curiosity Rover Reveals". Space.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
Choi C (1 October 2021). "Mars: What We Know About the Red Planet". Space.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Moskowitz C (25 June 2008). "Huge Impact Created Mars' Split Personality". Space.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Hsu J (26 May 2010). "Mystery Spirals on Mars Finally Explained". Space.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
Milner R (6 October 2011). "Tracing the Canals of Mars: An Astronomer's Obsession". Space.com. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
Kilicpublished C (28 September 2022). "Mars is littered with 15,694 pounds of human trash from 50 years of robotic exploration". Space.com. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
published EH (13 April 2024). "SpaceX's giant Starship will be 500 feet tall for Mars missions, Elon Musk says (video)". Space.com. Retrieved 20 April 2024.

spacenews.com

Foust J (18 April 2019). "Independent report concludes 2033 human Mars mission is not feasible". Space News. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2022.

spaceref.com

images.spaceref.com

Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.

spacetelescope.org

"Close encounter: Mars at opposition". ESA/Hubble. 3 November 2005. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2022.

springer.com

link.springer.com

Vogt GL (2008). Landscapes of Mars (PDF). New York, NY: Springer. p. 44. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75468-0. ISBN 978-0-387-75467-3. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

surewest.net

home.surewest.net

Laskar J (14 August 2003). "Primer on Mars oppositions". IMCCE, Paris Observatory. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2010. (Solex results) Archived 9 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine

theconversation.com

Hill T (9 February 2021). "As new probes reach Mars, here's what we know so far from trips to the red planet". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

theguardian.com

Sample I (6 July 2017). "Mars covered in toxic chemicals that can wipe out living organisms, tests reveal". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
Sample I (7 June 2018). "Nasa Mars rover finds organic matter in ancient lake bed". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
Sample I (21 December 2018). "Mars Express beams back images of ice-filled Korolev crater". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 February 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2018.

ucla.edu

newsroom.ucla.edu

Wolpert, Stuart (9 August 2012). "UCLA scientist discovers plate tectonics on Mars". UCLA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2012.

unina.it

main.chemistry.unina.it

Vitagliano A (2003). "Mars' Orbital eccentricity over time". Solex. Universita' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II. Archived from the original on 7 September 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2007.

universetoday.com

Atkinson, Nancy (17 July 2007). "The Mars Landing Approach: Getting Large Payloads to the Surface of the Red Planet". Archived from the original on 5 August 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2007.

usgs.gov

planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov

"Planetary Names: Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites". International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). USGS Astrogeology Science Center. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
"Planetary Names". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2022.

usgs.gov

"The Caves of Mars | U.S. Geological Survey". USGS. Archived from the original on 31 December 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2022.

astrogeology.usgs.gov

Lucchitta, B. K., Rosanova, C. E. (26 August 2003). "Valles Marineris; The Grand Canyon of Mars". USGS. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 11 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

usra.edu

lpi.usra.edu

"41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2010)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
Cushing, G. E., Titus, T. N., Wynne, J. J., et al. (2007). "Themis Observes Possible Cave Skylights on Mars" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
"Slide 2 Earth Telescope View of Mars". The Red Planet: A Survey of Mars. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
Adler M, Owen W, Riedel J (June 2012). Use of MRO Optical Navigation Camera to Prepare for Mars Sample Return (PDF). Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration. 12–14 June 2012. Houston, Texas. 4337. Bibcode:2012LPICo1679.4337A. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2012.

web.archive.org

Williams D (2018). "Mars Fact Sheet". NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved 22 March 2020.; Mean Anomaly (deg) 19.412 = (Mean Longitude (deg) 355.45332) – (Longitude of perihelion (deg) 336.04084) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Allen CW, Cox AN (2000). Allen's Astrophysical Quantities. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 294. ISBN 978-0-387-95189-8. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
"HORIZONS Batch call for 2022 perihelion" (Perihelion occurs when rdot flips from negative to positive). Solar System Dynamics Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
Hirt C, Claessens SJ, Kuhn M, et al. (July 2012). "Kilometer-resolution gravity field of Mars: MGM2011" (PDF). Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 147–154. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67..147H. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.006. hdl:20.500.11937/32270. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Jackson AP, Gabriel TS, Asphaug EI (1 March 2018). "Constraints on the pre-impact orbits of Solar system giant impactors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (3): 2924–2936. arXiv:1711.05285. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2901. ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
Allison M, Schmunk R. "Mars24 Sunclock — Time on Mars". NASA GISS. Archived from the original on 24 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
"Atmospheres and Planetary Temperatures". American Chemical Society. 18 July 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
"Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Spotlight". Marsrover.nasa.gov. 12 June 2007. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2012. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Sharp T, Gordon J, Tillman N (31 January 2022). "What is the Temperature of Mars?". Space.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
"Encyclopedia - the brightest bodies". IMCCE. Archived from the original on 24 July 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
"The Lure of Hematite". Science@NASA. NASA. 28 March 2001. Archived from the original on 14 January 2010. Retrieved 24 December 2009.
Minkel JR (26 June 2008). "Giant Asteroid Flattened Half of Mars, Studies Suggest". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
Chang K (26 June 2008). "Huge Meteor Strike Explains Mars's Shape, Reports Say". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 27 June 2008.
News Staff (4 June 2020). "Researchers Find New Evidence that Mars Once Had Massive Ring | Sci.News". Sci.News: Breaking Science News. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
"Did ancient Mars have rings?". Earthsky | Updates on Your Cosmos and World. 5 June 2020. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
Tanaka KL (1986). "The Stratigraphy of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 91 (B13): E139–E158. Bibcode:1986JGR....91E.139T. doi:10.1029/JB091iB13p0E139. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2019.
"ESA Science & Technology - The Ages of Mars". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Russell P (3 March 2008). "Caught in Action: Avalanches on North Polar Scarps". HiRISE Operations Center. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"HiRISE Catches an Avalanche on Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 12 August 2020. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
Peplow M (6 May 2004). "How Mars got its rust". Nature: news040503–6. doi:10.1038/news040503-6. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2007.
NASA – Mars in a Minute: Is Mars Really Red? Archived 20 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine (Transcript Archived 6 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Khan A, Ceylan S, van Driel M, et al. (23 July 2021). "Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data" (PDF). Science. 373 (6553): 434–438. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..434K. doi:10.1126/science.abf2966. PMID 34437116. S2CID 236179554. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
Stähler SC, Khan A, Banerdt WB, et al. (23 July 2021). "Seismic detection of the martian core". Science. 373 (6553): 443–448. Bibcode:2021Sci...373..443S. doi:10.1126/science.abi7730. hdl:20.500.11850/498074. PMID 34437118. S2CID 236179579. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
"In Depth | Mars". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
Rayne E (2 July 2023). "Mars has liquid guts and strange insides, InSight suggests". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
van der Lee S (25 October 2023). "Deep Mars is surprisingly soft". Nature. 622 (7984): 699–700. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03151-x. PMID 37880433. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
Witze A (25 October 2023). "Mars has a surprise layer of molten rock inside". Nature. 623 (7985): 20. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03271-4. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
Christensen PR (27 June 2003). "Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results" (PDF). Science. 300 (5628): 2056–2061. Bibcode:2003Sci...300.2056C. doi:10.1126/science.1080885. PMID 12791998. S2CID 25091239. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 July 2018. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
"Martian soil 'could support life'". BBC News. 27 June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 August 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2008.
David L (13 June 2013). "Toxic Mars: Astronauts Must Deal with Perchlorate on the Red Planet". Space.com. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
Sample I (6 July 2017). "Mars covered in toxic chemicals that can wipe out living organisms, tests reveal". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
Verba C (2 July 2009). "Dust Devil Etch-A-Sketch (ESP_013751_1115)". HiRISE Operations Center. University of Arizona. Archived from the original on 1 February 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
Schorghofer, Norbert, Aharonson, Oded, Khatiwala, Samar (2002). "Slope streaks on Mars: Correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 29 (23): 41–1. Bibcode:2002GeoRL..29.2126S. doi:10.1029/2002GL015889. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
Williams M (21 November 2016). "How bad is the radiation on Mars?". Phys.org. Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
Wall M (9 December 2013). "Radiation on Mars 'Manageable' for Manned Mission, Curiosity Rover Reveals". Space.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
"Comparison of Martian Radiation Environment with International Space Station". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 13 March 2003. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
"What Mars Maps Got Right (and Wrong) Through Time". National Geographic. 19 October 2016. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
"Planetary Names: Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites". International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). USGS Astrogeology Science Center. Archived from the original on 5 December 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
"Viking and the Resources of Mars" (PDF). Humans to Mars: Fifty Years of Mission Planning, 1950–2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Tanaka KL, Coles KS, Christensen PR, eds. (2019), "Syrtis Major (MC-13)", The Atlas of Mars: Mapping its Geography and Geology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 136–139, doi:10.1017/9781139567428.018, ISBN 978-1-139-56742-8, S2CID 240843698, archived from the original on 1 March 2024, retrieved 18 January 2022
"Polar Caps". Mars Education at Arizona State University. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Davies ME, Berg RA (10 January 1971). "A preliminary control net of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 76 (2): 373–393. Bibcode:1971JGR....76..373D. doi:10.1029/JB076i002p00373. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
NASA (19 April 2007). "Mars Global Surveyor: MOLA MEGDRs". geo.pds.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
"ESA Science & Technology - Using iMars: Viewing Mars Express data of the MC11 quadrangle". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
Chang K (15 April 2023). "New Mars Map Lets You 'See the Whole Planet at Once' - Scientists assembled 3,000 images from an Emirati orbiter to create the prettiest atlas yet of the red planet". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
Staff (16 April 2023). "Welcome to Mars! Caltech's Jaw-Dropping, 5.7 Terapixel Virtual Expedition Across the Red Planet". SciTech. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
"Mars Atlas: Olympus Mons". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
Choi C (1 October 2021). "Mars: What We Know About the Red Planet". Space.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Moskowitz C (25 June 2008). "Huge Impact Created Mars' Split Personality". Space.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
Wright S (4 April 2003). "Infrared Analyses of Small Impact Craters on Earth and Mars". University of Pittsburgh. Archived from the original on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 26 February 2007.
Vogt GL (2008). Landscapes of Mars (PDF). New York, NY: Springer. p. 44. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-75468-0. ISBN 978-0-387-75467-3. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
"ESA Science & Technology - Craters within the Hellas Basin". sci.esa.int. Archived from the original on 2 January 2022. Retrieved 2 January 2022.
Rodrigue CM. "The Geography of Mars". Home.csulb.edu. Archived from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
"41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2010)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
Sagan C, Fox P (August 1975). "The canals of Mars: An assessment after Mariner 9". Icarus. 25 (4): 602–612. Bibcode:1975Icar...25..602S. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90042-1. Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Wolpert, Stuart (9 August 2012). "UCLA scientist discovers plate tectonics on Mars". UCLA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
Cushing, G. E., Titus, T. N., Wynne, J. J., et al. (2007). "Themis Observes Possible Cave Skylights on Mars" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVIII. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2007.
"NAU researchers find possible caves on Mars". Inside NAU. Vol. 4, no. 12. Northern Arizona University. 28 March 2007. Archived from the original on 28 August 2007. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
Rincon P (17 March 2007). "'Cave entrances' spotted on Mars". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009. Retrieved 28 May 2007.
"The Caves of Mars | U.S. Geological Survey". USGS. Archived from the original on 31 December 2021. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
Philips T (31 January 2001). "The Solar Wind at Mars". Science@NASA. Archived from the original on 18 August 2011. Retrieved 22 April 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Grossman L (20 January 2011). "Multiple Asteroid Strikes May Have Killed Mars's Magnetic Field". Wired. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
Atkinson, Nancy (17 July 2007). "The Mars Landing Approach: Getting Large Payloads to the Surface of the Red Planet". Archived from the original on 5 August 2010. Retrieved 18 September 2007.
"Mars Facts | All About Mars". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
Sample I (7 June 2018). "Nasa Mars rover finds organic matter in ancient lake bed". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
Mumma MJ (20 February 2009). "Strong Release of Methane on Mars in Northern Summer 2003" (PDF). Science. 323 (5917): 1041–1045. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1041M. doi:10.1126/science.1165243. PMID 19150811. S2CID 25083438. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
Jones N, Steigerwald B, Brown D, et al. (14 October 2014). "NASA Mission Provides Its First Look at Martian Upper Atmosphere". NASA. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 15 October 2014. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Wright K (22 March 2022). "Sound Speed Measured on Mars". Physics. 15: 43. Bibcode:2022PhyOJ..15...43W. doi:10.1103/Physics.15.43. S2CID 247720720. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
Chow D (7 December 2021). "In an ultraviolet glow, auroras on Mars spotted by UAE orbiter". NBC News. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"Auroras on Mars – NASA Science". science.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2015. Retrieved 12 May 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Brown D, Neal-Jones N, Steigerwald B, et al. (18 March 2015). "NASA Spacecraft Detects Aurora and Mysterious Dust Cloud around Mars". NASA. Release 15-045. Archived from the original on 19 March 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Webster G, Neal-Jones N, Scott J, et al. (29 September 2017). "Large Solar Storm Sparks Global Aurora and Doubles Radiation Levels on the Martian Surface". NASA. Archived from the original on 1 October 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mars' desert surface..." MGCM Press release. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 July 2007. Retrieved 25 February 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Kluger J (1 September 1992). "Mars, in Earth's Image". Discover Magazine. 13 (9): 70. Bibcode:1992Disc...13...70K. Archived from the original on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2009.
Hille K (18 September 2015). "The Fact and Fiction of Martian Dust Storms". NASA. Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
Goodman JC (22 September 1997). "The Past, Present, and Possible Future of Martian Climate". MIT. Archived from the original on 10 November 2010. Retrieved 26 February 2007.
Philips T (16 July 2001). "Planet Gobbling Dust Storms". Science @ NASA. Archived from the original on 13 June 2006. Retrieved 7 June 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA – NASA Rover Finds Clues to Changes in Mars' Atmosphere". NASA. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 19 October 2014. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Heldmann JL (7 May 2005). "Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 110 (E5): Eo5004. Bibcode:2005JGRE..110.5004H. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.596.4087. doi:10.1029/2004JE002261. hdl:2060/20050169988. S2CID 1578727. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the vapor pressure of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle et al.., 2001]'
"Polar Caps". Mars Education at Arizona State University. Archived from the original on 28 May 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
"Mars' South Pole Ice Deep and Wide". NASA. 15 March 2007. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009. Retrieved 16 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Water ice in crater at Martian north pole". ESA. 28 July 2005. Archived from the original on 9 February 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
Whitehouse D (24 January 2004). "Long history of water and Mars". BBC News. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
"NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended". Science @ NASA. 31 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 1 August 2008. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Lucchitta, B. K., Rosanova, C. E. (26 August 2003). "Valles Marineris; The Grand Canyon of Mars". USGS. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 11 March 2007. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"NASA Images Suggest Water Still Flows in Brief Spurts on Mars". NASA. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Water flowed recently on Mars". BBC. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2006.
"Water May Still Flow on Mars, NASA Photo Suggests". NASA. 6 December 2006. Archived from the original on 2 January 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Lewis, K.W., Aharonson, O. (2006). "Stratigraphic analysis of the distributary fan in Eberswalde crater using stereo imagery" (PDF). Journal of Geophysical Research. 111 (E06001): E06001. Bibcode:2006JGRE..111.6001L. doi:10.1029/2005JE002558. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
"Mineral in Mars 'Berries' Adds to Water Story" (Press release). NASA. 3 March 2004. Archived from the original on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 13 June 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Mars Rovers Spot Water-Clue Mineral, Frost, Clouds". NASA. 13 December 2004. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2006. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"The Ever-Changing Swiss Cheese of Mars". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Archived from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
"NASA - Northern Ice Cap of Mars". www.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
Phillips T (7 August 2003). "Mars is Melting". Science@NASA. Archived from the original on 20 May 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Hsu J (26 May 2010). "Mystery Spirals on Mars Finally Explained". Space.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
Stiles L (25 March 2009). "HiRISE Sees Signs of an Unearthly Spring". University of Arizona News. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
"July 4, 2016 First Day of Spring on Mars & Juno Arrival at Jupiter". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
"Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Science". NASA. 12 July 2007. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 10 January 2010. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
"Mars Rover Investigates Signs of Steamy Martian Past". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). 10 December 2007. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
"NASA – NASA Mars Rover Finds Mineral Vein Deposited by Water". NASA. 7 December 2011. Archived from the original on 15 June 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2012. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Lovett RA (8 December 2011). "Rover Finds "Bulletproof" Evidence of Water on Early Mars". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Lovett RA (26 June 2012). "Mars Has "Oceans" of Water Inside?". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Webster G, Brown D (18 March 2013). "Curiosity Mars Rover Sees Trend in Water Presence". NASA. Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Rincon P (19 March 2013). "Curiosity breaks rock to reveal dazzling white interior". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
"NASA Confirms Evidence That Liquid Water Flows on Today's Mars". NASA. 28 September 2015. Archived from the original on 28 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Drake N (28 September 2015). "NASA Finds 'Definitive' Liquid Water on Mars". National Geographic News. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
Moskowitz C. "Water Flows on Mars Today, NASA Announces". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
McEwen A, Lujendra O, Dundas C, et al. (5 August 2011). "Seasonal Flows on Warm Martian Slopes". Science. 333 (6043): 740–743. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..740M. doi:10.1126/science.1204816. PMID 21817049. S2CID 10460581. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Kaufman M (5 March 2015). "Mars Had an Ocean, Scientists Say, Pointing to New Data". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
Sample I (21 December 2018). "Mars Express beams back images of ice-filled Korolev crater". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 February 2020. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
"EPA; Great Lakes; Physical Facts". 29 October 2010. Archived from the original on 29 October 2010. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
"Mars Ice Deposit Holds as Much Water as Lake Superior". NASA. 22 November 2016. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Staff (22 November 2016). "Scalloped Terrain Led to Finding of Buried Ice on Mars". NASA. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2016. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Badescu V (2009). Mars: Prospective Energy and Material Resources (illustrated ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 600. ISBN 978-3-642-03629-3. Archived from the original on 4 March 2023. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
Taylor C (9 July 2020). "Welcome to Cloud City: The case for going to Venus, not Mars". Mashable. Archived from the original on 21 October 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
Vitagliano A (2003). "Mars' Orbital eccentricity over time". Solex. Universita' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II. Archived from the original on 7 September 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
Meeus J (March 2003). "When Was Mars Last This Close?". International Planetarium Society. Archived from the original on 16 May 2011. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
Laskar J (14 August 2003). "Primer on Mars oppositions". IMCCE, Paris Observatory. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2010. (Solex results) Archived 9 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine
"Mars Opposition | Mars in our Night Sky". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"EarthSky | Why is Mars sometimes bright and sometimes faint?". earthsky.org. 5 October 2021. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"Close encounter: Mars at opposition". ESA/Hubble. 3 November 2005. Archived from the original on 10 September 2015. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
"Mars Close Approach | Mars in our Night Sky". NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
"Slide 2 Earth Telescope View of Mars". The Red Planet: A Survey of Mars. Lunar and Planetary Institute. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
"Close Inspection for Phobos". ESA website. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 13 June 2006.
"Planetary Names". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
"Phobos". NASA Solar System Exploration. 19 December 2019. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
"Explaining the Birth of the Martian Moons". AAS Nova. American Astronomical Society. 23 September 2016. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
Adler M, Owen W, Riedel J (June 2012). Use of MRO Optical Navigation Camera to Prepare for Mars Sample Return (PDF). Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration. 12–14 June 2012. Houston, Texas. 4337. Bibcode:2012LPICo1679.4337A. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
Giuranna M, Roush, T. L., Duxbury, T., et al. (2010). Compositional Interpretation of PFS/MEx and TES/MGS Thermal Infrared Spectra of Phobos (PDF). European Planetary Science Congress Abstracts, Vol. 5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 May 2011. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
NASA (9 October 2022). "All About Mars". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
de Groot JJ (1912). "Fung Shui". Religion in China – Universism: A Key to the Study of Taoism and Confucianism. American Lectures on the History of Religions, volume 10. G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 300. OCLC 491180. Archived from the original on 26 February 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
Sheehan W (1996). "2: Pioneers". The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery. Tucson: University of Arizona. Bibcode:1996pmho.book.....S. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2010 – via uapress.arizona.edu.
Milner R (6 October 2011). "Tracing the Canals of Mars: An Astronomer's Obsession". Space.com. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
Dunlap DW (1 October 2015). "Life on Mars? You Read It Here First". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2 October 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
Drake N (29 July 2020). "Why we explore Mars—and what decades of missions have revealed". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"In Depth | Mariner 04". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 9 February 2020. The Mariner 4 mission, the second of two Mars flyby attempts launched in 1964 by NASA, was one of the great early successes of the agency, and indeed the Space Age, returning the very first photos of another planet from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain. "Spacecraft – Details - Mariner 4". NASA – NSSDCA. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 9 February 2020. Mariner 4...represented the first successful flyby of the planet Mars, returning the first pictures of the martian surface. These represented the first images of another planet ever returned from deep space. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"New Online Tools Bring NASA's Journey to Mars to a New Generation". NASA. 5 August 2015. Archived from the original on 7 August 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
Culpan D (10 July 2015). "Explore the Red Planet with Nasa's Mars Trek". Wired UK. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
Strickland A (12 February 2021). "Meet the orbiters that help rovers on Mars talk to Earth". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Hill T (9 February 2021). "As new probes reach Mars, here's what we know so far from trips to the red planet". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 16 February 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
"ExoMars to take off for the Red Planet in 2022". European Space Agency. 12 March 2020. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
Amos J (17 March 2022). "Joint Europe-Russia Mars rover project is parked". BBC News. Archived from the original on 6 April 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
"NASA, ESA Officials Outline Latest Mars Sample Return Plans". planetary.org. 13 August 2019. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2019.
"Mars Sample Return Campaign". mars.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 June 2022. Retrieved 31 January 2022.
Wright WH (1947). Biographical Memoir of William Wallace Campbell, 1862–1938 (PDF). Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
Briggs H (15 February 2008). "Early Mars 'too salty' for life". BBC News. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 16 February 2008.
Chang K (4 August 2021). "Gilbert V. Levin, Who Said He Found Signs of Life on Mars, Dies at 97". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 August 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
Nickel M (18 April 2014). "Impact glass stores biodata for millions of years". Brown University. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Brown D, Webster G, Stacey K (8 June 2015). "NASA Spacecraft Detects Impact Glass on Surface of Mars" (Press release). NASA. Archived from the original on 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Stacey K (8 June 2015). "Martian glass: Window into possible past life?". Brown University. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Temming M (12 June 2015). "Exotic Glass Could Help Unravel Mysteries of Mars". Scientific American. Archived from the original on 15 June 2015. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
"S.442 - National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017". congress.gov. 21 March 2017. Archived from the original on 30 March 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
"China plans its first crewed mission to Mars in 2033". Reuters. 23 June 2021. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
Musk E (1 March 2018). "Making Life Multi-Planetary". New Space. 6 (1): 2–11. Bibcode:2018NewSp...6....2M. doi:10.1089/space.2018.29013.emu. ISSN 2168-0256. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
Weinstein LM (2003). "Space Colonization Using Space-Elevators from Phobos" (PDF). AIP Conference Proceedings. 654. Albuquerque, New Mexico (USA): AIP: 1227–1235. Bibcode:2003AIPC..654.1227W. doi:10.1063/1.1541423. hdl:2060/20030065879. S2CID 1661518. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
Bichell RE (6 July 2017). "To Prepare For Mars Settlement, Simulated Missions Explore Utah's Desert". NPR. Archived from the original on 31 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Reid J (2011). "An Astronomer's Guide to Holst's The Planets" (PDF). Sky and Telescope. 121 (1): 66. Bibcode:2011S&T...121a..66R. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
"Solar System Symbols". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Eschner K. "The Bizarre Beliefs of Astronomer Percival Lowell". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
Fergus C (2004). "Mars Fever". Research/Penn State. 24 (2). Archived from the original on 31 August 2003. Retrieved 2 August 2007.

wiley.com

doi.wiley.com

Davies ME, Berg RA (10 January 1971). "A preliminary control net of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 76 (2): 373–393. Bibcode:1971JGR....76..373D. doi:10.1029/JB076i002p00373. Archived from the original on 1 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2022.

wionews.com

"Humans have already dumped 7 tonnes of junk on Mars, map reveals". WION. 2 February 2024. Retrieved 4 April 2024.

wired.co.uk

Culpan D (10 July 2015). "Explore the Red Planet with Nasa's Mars Trek". Wired UK. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.

wired.com

Grossman L (20 January 2011). "Multiple Asteroid Strikes May Have Killed Mars's Magnetic Field". Wired. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

worldcat.org

Jackson AP, Gabriel TS, Asphaug EI (1 March 2018). "Constraints on the pre-impact orbits of Solar system giant impactors". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 474 (3): 2924–2936. arXiv:1711.05285. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2901. ISSN 0035-8711. Archived from the original on 23 April 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
Ćuk M, Minton DA, Pouplin JL, et al. (16 June 2020). "Evidence for a Past Martian Ring from the Orbital Inclination of Deimos". The Astrophysical Journal. 896 (2): L28. arXiv:2006.00645. Bibcode:2020ApJ...896L..28C. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab974f. ISSN 2041-8213.
Le Maistre S, Rivoldini A, Caldiero A, et al. (14 June 2023). "Spin state and deep interior structure of Mars from InSight radio tracking". Nature. 619 (7971): 733–737. Bibcode:2023Natur.619..733L. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06150-0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 37316663. S2CID 259162975. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
Ardalan AA, Karimi R, Grafarend EW (2009). "A New Reference Equipotential Surface, and Reference Ellipsoid for the Planet Mars". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 106 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11038-009-9342-7. ISSN 0167-9295. S2CID 119952798.
Jakosky BM (1 April 2022). "How did Mars lose its atmosphere and water?". Physics Today. 75 (4): 62–63. Bibcode:2022PhT....75d..62J. doi:10.1063/PT.3.4988. ISSN 0031-9228. S2CID 247882540.
Webster CR, Mahaffy PR, Pla-Garcia J, et al. (June 2021). "Day-night differences in Mars methane suggest nighttime containment at Gale crater". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 650: A166. Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.166W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040030. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 236365559.
Maurice S, Chide B, Murdoch N, et al. (1 April 2022). "In situ recording of Mars soundscape". Nature. 605 (7911): 653–658. Bibcode:2022Natur.605..653M. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04679-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMC 9132769. PMID 35364602. S2CID 247865804.
Deighan J, Jain SK, Chaffin MS, et al. (October 2018). "Discovery of a proton aurora at Mars". Nature Astronomy. 2 (10): 802–807. Bibcode:2018NatAs...2..802D. doi:10.1038/s41550-018-0538-5. ISSN 2397-3366. S2CID 105560692. Archived from the original on 22 May 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
Holt JW, Safaeinili A, Plaut JJ, et al. (21 November 2008). "Radar Sounding Evidence for Buried Glaciers in the Southern Mid-Latitudes of Mars". Science. 322 (5905): 1235–1238. Bibcode:2008Sci...322.1235H. doi:10.1126/science.1164246. hdl:11573/67950. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 20145331. PMID 19023078. S2CID 36614186. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
Elwood Madden ME, Bodnar RJ, Rimstidt JD (October 2004). "Jarosite as an indicator of water-limited chemical weathering on Mars". Nature. 431 (7010): 821–823. doi:10.1038/nature02971. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 15483605. S2CID 10965423. Archived from the original on 3 March 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
McCubbin FM, Hauri EH, Elardo SM, et al. (August 2012). "Hydrous melting of the martian mantle produced both depleted and enriched shergottites". Geology. 40 (8): 683–686. Bibcode:2012Geo....40..683M. doi:10.1130/G33242.1. ISSN 1943-2682.
Dundas CM, McEwen AS, Chojnacki M, et al. (December 2017). "Granular flows at recurring slope lineae on Mars indicate a limited role for liquid water". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 903–907. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..903D. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0012-5. hdl:10150/627918. ISSN 1752-0908. S2CID 24606098. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Schorghofer N (12 February 2020). "Mars: Quantitative Evaluation of Crocus Melting behind Boulders". The Astrophysical Journal. 890 (1): 49. Bibcode:2020ApJ...890...49S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab612f. ISSN 1538-4357. S2CID 213701664.
Wray JJ (30 May 2021). "Contemporary Liquid Water on Mars?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 141–171. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..141W. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-072420-071823. ISSN 0084-6597. S2CID 229425641. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
Petropoulos AE, Longuski JM, Bonfiglio EP (2000). "Trajectories to Jupiter via Gravity Assists from Venus, Earth, and Mars". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 37 (6). American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA): 776–783. Bibcode:2000JSpRo..37..776P. doi:10.2514/2.3650. ISSN 0022-4650.
Stephenson FR (November 2000). "A Lunar Occultation of Mars Observed by Aristotle". Journal for the History of Astronomy. 31 (4): 342–344. Bibcode:2000JHA....31..342S. doi:10.1177/002182860003100405. ISSN 0021-8286. S2CID 125518456. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
de Groot JJ (1912). "Fung Shui". Religion in China – Universism: A Key to the Study of Taoism and Confucianism. American Lectures on the History of Religions, volume 10. G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 300. OCLC 491180. Archived from the original on 26 February 2024. Retrieved 5 January 2016.
Hulbert HB (1909) [1906]. The Passing of Korea. Doubleday, Page & Company. p. 426. OCLC 26986808.
Frautschi SC, Olenick RP, Apostol TM, et al. (2007). The Mechanical Universe: Mechanics and Heat (Advanced ed.). Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-71590-4. OCLC 227002144.
Musk E (1 March 2018). "Making Life Multi-Planetary". New Space. 6 (1): 2–11. Bibcode:2018NewSp...6....2M. doi:10.1089/space.2018.29013.emu. ISSN 2168-0256. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 27 August 2022.
Cecilia L (6 November 2019). "A Late Composition Dedicated to Nergal". Altorientalische Forschungen. 46 (2): 204–213. doi:10.1515/aofo-2019-0014. hdl:1871.1/f23ff882-1539-4906-bc08-049906f8d505. ISSN 2196-6761. S2CID 208269607. Archived from the original on 22 March 2022. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
Plait PC (2002). Bad Astronomy: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing 'Hoax'. New York: Wiley. pp. 233–234. ISBN 0-471-40976-6. OCLC 48885221.

zenodo.org

Tanaka KL (1986). "The Stratigraphy of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research. 91 (B13): E139–E158. Bibcode:1986JGR....91E.139T. doi:10.1029/JB091iB13p0E139. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2019.