Mass racial violence in the United States (English Wikipedia)

Lynwood, Carranco; Beard, Estle (1981). Genocide and Vendetta: The Round Valley Wars of Northern California. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806115498.
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Service at Muchakinock and Evans, in Mahaska County, During the Coal Miners' Strike, Report of the Adjutant-General to the Governor of the State of Iowa for Biennial Period Ending Nov. 30, 1895, Conway, Des Moines, Iowa, 1895; page 18
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Madley, Benjamin (August 31, 2016). "Killing of Native Americans in California". C-SPAN. Retrieved August 23, 2018.

ca.gov

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Burnett, Peter (January 6, 1851). "State of the State Address". California State Library. Retrieved August 30, 2019. That a war of extermination will continue to be waged between the races until the Indian race becomes extinct must be expected. While we cannot anticipate this result but with painful regret, the inevitable destiny of the race is beyond the power or wisdom of man to avert.

library.ca.gov

Johnston-Dodds, Kimberly (September 2002). Early California Laws and Policies Related to California Indians (PDF). Sacramento, CA: California State Library, California Research Bureau. ISBN 1-58703-163-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2014. Retrieved September 2, 2016.

nahc.ca.gov

Castillo, Edward D. "California Indian History". California Native American Heritage Commission. Archived from the original on June 1, 2019.

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"100 HURT IN W. SIDE RED RIOT". archives.chicagotribune.com. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 4, 2017.

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coloradohistoricnewspapers.org

"LYNCHING OF A COLORED MAN IN JOPLIN, MISSOURI". coloradohistoricnewspapers.org. Las Animas Leader. April 16, 1903. Retrieved April 15, 2019.

discovercentralma.org

"Resistance: The Riots of Great Brook Valley Photographic Exhibit - Discover Central Massachusetts". October 9, 2018. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2023.

doi.org

Trafzer, Clifford E.; Lorimer, Michelle (2014). "Silencing California Indian Genocide in Social Studies Texts". American Behavioral Scientist. 58 (1): 64–82. doi:10.1177/0002764213495032. S2CID 144356070.
Tager, Jack (2000). "Boston Riots: Three Centuries of Social Violence". doi:10.2307/3185445. JSTOR 3185445. S2CID 145326688. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Billington, Ray Allen (1937). "The Burning of the Charlestown Convent" (PDF). The New England Quarterly. 10 (1): 4–24. doi:10.2307/360143. JSTOR 360143.

drugpolicy.org

"The War on Drugs". Archived from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved August 26, 2017.

encyclopediaofarkansas.net

Welch, Melanie K. (February 7, 2022). "Forrest City Riot of 1889". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
"Harrison Race Riots of 1905 and 1909". encyclopediaofarkansas.net. Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
"Argenta Race Riot", Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture (accessed April 28, 2011).
Brian D. Greer, "John Carter (Lynching of)", Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture, 2013

harpweek.com

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"The Patenburg Massacre". Black History. HarpWeek. Retrieved May 11, 2022.

hawaii.edu

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"Racial Riots". Office of Multicultural Student Services. University of Hawaii. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2012.

history.com

"Tulsa Race Massacre". HISTORY. Retrieved May 9, 2022.
"In 1912, This Georgia County Drove Out Every Black Resident". August 20, 2019.

historynewsnetwork.org

Lewis, Guenter. "Were American Indians the Victims of Genocide?". History News Network.

infoplease.com

"Race Riots in the U.S." www.infoplease.com. Retrieved April 17, 2017.

jstor.org

Tager, Jack (2000). "Boston Riots: Three Centuries of Social Violence". doi:10.2307/3185445. JSTOR 3185445. S2CID 145326688. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Billington, Ray Allen (1937). "The Burning of the Charlestown Convent" (PDF). The New England Quarterly. 10 (1): 4–24. doi:10.2307/360143. JSTOR 360143.

latimes.com

Madley, Benjamin (May 22, 2016). "Op-Ed: It's time to acknowledge the genocide of California's Indians". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
"Southern Manifesto". Los Angeles Times. March 11, 2016. Retrieved August 26, 2017.

learncalifornia.org

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"Minorities During the Gold Rush". California Secretary of State. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014.

loc.gov

chroniclingamerica.loc.gov

"Three Mexicans Lynched". The Sacramento Union. ISSN 2151-3899. OCLC 8800957. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
"One Place on Earth too Hot for a Negro". The Richmond Climax. Richmond, Kentucky. August 5, 1903. p. 2 – via Chronicling America.

loc.gov

"New York City Race Riot, August 1900 - Newspaper and Current Periodical Reading Room (Serial and Government Publications Division, Library of Congress)". www.loc.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved June 20, 2020.

militarymuseum.org

"Militia and Indians". militarymuseum.org.

mississippiencyclopedia.org

"Clinton Riot (Massacre) of 1875". Mississippi Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 9, 2022.

newspapers.com

"Bloodshed at Carterville". Carbondale Free Press. September 23, 1899. Retrieved April 6, 2019.
"Negroes Riot For 6 Hours". The Capital Journal. November 1, 1966 – via Newspapers.com.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Coffer, William E. (1977). "Genocide of the California Indians, with a Comparative Study of Other Minorities". The Indian Historian. 10 (2). San Francisco, CA: 8–15. PMID 11614644.

npr.org

Booker, Brakkton; Chappell, Bill; Schaper, David; Kurtzleben, Danielle; Shapiro, Joseph (June 2020). "Violence Erupts As Outrage Over George Floyd's Death Spills Into A New Week". NPR. Retrieved January 7, 2021.

nytimes.com

Cowan, Jill (June 19, 2019). "'It's Called Genocide': Newsom Apologizes to the State's Native Americans". The New York Times. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
Parshina-Kottas, Yuliya; Singhvi, Anjali; Burch, Audra D. S.; Griggs, Troy; Gröndahl, Mika; Huang, Lingdong; Wallace, Tim; White, Jeremy; Williams, Josh (May 24, 2021). "What the Tulsa Race Massacre Destroyed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
"Cincinnati Officer Is Acquitted in Killing That Ignited Unrest". The New York Times. September 27, 2001. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
"Another Georgia Riot". The New York Times. December 26, 1889. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
"NEGROES DRIVEN AWAY.; The Last One Leaves Decatur, Ind., Owing to Threats Made". The New York Times. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
"NEGROES KILLED IN RIOT.; Three Shot to Death Near Yazoo City -- Four Whites Wounded". The New York Times. June 9, 1907. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 23, 2022.
"150 Arrested in 2 Nights of Rioting in Chattanooga". The New York Times. May 23, 1971. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 4, 2019.

partners.nytimes.com

"Whites in Race War Kill Blacks Blindly". New York Times. December 26, 1906.

query.nytimes.com

"54 Hurt as Whites in Chicago Hurl Bricks at Rights Marchers; WHITES IN CHICAGO ATTACK MARCHERS". The New York Times. August 1966. Retrieved November 21, 2017.

ohiolink.edu

etd.ohiolink.edu

Carter, Darnell (1993). "The 1904, 1906, and 1921 Race Riots in Springfield, Ohio and the Hoodlum Theory". Etd.ohiolink.edu. Archived from the original on May 8, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2016.

oregonhistoryproject.org

"Albina Riot, 1967". The Oregon History Project. Retrieved October 11, 2016.

patheos.com

"Serious Disturbance Last Night—Outrageous Conduct of the Native Americans—The Military Called out". Brooklyn Eagle. April 5, 1844.

play.google.com

United States Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1902.

propublica.org

Hannah-Jones, Nikole (March 4, 2015). "Yes, Black America Fears the Police. Here's Why". ProPublica. Retrieved March 5, 2015.

racialviolenceus.org

Villeneuve, Todd. "Racial Violence - Lynching Era - Intro.html". racialviolenceus.org. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Villeneuve, Todd. "Racial Violence – Reconstruction Era – Intro". racialviolenceus.org. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Villeneuve, Todd. "Racial Violence - Modern Era - Intro". racialviolenceus.org. Retrieved April 17, 2017.

semanticscholar.org

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Trafzer, Clifford E.; Lorimer, Michelle (2014). "Silencing California Indian Genocide in Social Studies Texts". American Behavioral Scientist. 58 (1): 64–82. doi:10.1177/0002764213495032. S2CID 144356070.
Tager, Jack (2000). "Boston Riots: Three Centuries of Social Violence". doi:10.2307/3185445. JSTOR 3185445. S2CID 145326688. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

statesman.com

Jaspin, Elliot. "Leave or die: America's hidden history of racial expulsions". statesman.com. Austin American-Statesman. Retrieved March 29, 2019.

theguardian.com

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Pilkington, Ed (July 31, 2018). "A siege. A bomb. 48 dogs. And the black commune that would not surrender". The Guardian.

time.com

"Shootings by Police Voted Top Story of 2014 in AP Poll". Times. Archived from the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.

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tulsahistory.org

"1921 Tulsa Race Massacre". Tulsa Historical Society & Museum. November 2018. Retrieved May 3, 2022.

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Wolf, Jessica (August 15, 2017). "Revealing the history of genocide against California's Native Americans". UCLA. Retrieved April 18, 2020.

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"San Francisco Call 10 June 1907 — California Digital Newspaper Collection". cdnc.ucr.edu. Retrieved April 23, 2022.

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Reed, WL (1991). "Trends in Homicide Among African-Americans". Scholarworks.umb.edu – via Scholarworks.

washington.edu

"IV. Timeline: Asian Americans in Washington State History". Center for the Study of the Pacific Northwest. University of Washington. Retrieved January 5, 2012.

washingtonpost.com

Heim, Joe; Barrett, Devlin (June 27, 2018). "Man accused of driving into crowd at 'Unite the Right' rally charged with federal hate crimes". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
Edward Cody (December 31, 1982). "Miami Racial Tensions Fester". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409.

web.archive.org

Johnston-Dodds, Kimberly (September 2002). Early California Laws and Policies Related to California Indians (PDF). Sacramento, CA: California State Library, California Research Bureau. ISBN 1-58703-163-9. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 12, 2014. Retrieved September 2, 2016.
"Minorities During the Gold Rush". California Secretary of State. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014.
Castillo, Edward D. "California Indian History". California Native American Heritage Commission. Archived from the original on June 1, 2019.
"The War on Drugs". Archived from the original on September 11, 2017. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
"Shootings by Police Voted Top Story of 2014 in AP Poll". Times. Archived from the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
"AP poll: Police killings of blacks voted top story of 2014". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
Carter, Darnell (1993). "The 1904, 1906, and 1921 Race Riots in Springfield, Ohio and the Hoodlum Theory". Etd.ohiolink.edu. Archived from the original on May 8, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
"Racial Riots". Office of Multicultural Student Services. University of Hawaii. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
"Resistance: The Riots of Great Brook Valley Photographic Exhibit - Discover Central Massachusetts". October 9, 2018. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
McNeil, Robert (August 9, 1984). "Race riots in Lawrence". The Ten O'Clock News. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved December 31, 2009 – via openvault.

wgbh.org

openvault.wgbh.org

McNeil, Robert (August 9, 1984). "Race riots in Lawrence". The Ten O'Clock News. Archived from the original on December 10, 2008. Retrieved December 31, 2009 – via openvault.

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worldcat.org

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Parshina-Kottas, Yuliya; Singhvi, Anjali; Burch, Audra D. S.; Griggs, Troy; Gröndahl, Mika; Huang, Lingdong; Wallace, Tim; White, Jeremy; Williams, Josh (May 24, 2021). "What the Tulsa Race Massacre Destroyed". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
"Cincinnati Officer Is Acquitted in Killing That Ignited Unrest". The New York Times. September 27, 2001. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
Heim, Joe; Barrett, Devlin (June 27, 2018). "Man accused of driving into crowd at 'Unite the Right' rally charged with federal hate crimes". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 27, 2018.
"Three Mexicans Lynched". The Sacramento Union. ISSN 2151-3899. OCLC 8800957. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
"Another Georgia Riot". The New York Times. December 26, 1889. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
"NEGROES KILLED IN RIOT.; Three Shot to Death Near Yazoo City -- Four Whites Wounded". The New York Times. June 9, 1907. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 23, 2022.
"150 Arrested in 2 Nights of Rioting in Chattanooga". The New York Times. May 23, 1971. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 4, 2019.
Edward Cody (December 31, 1982). "Miami Racial Tensions Fester". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409.

zinnedproject.org

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