Medical genetics (English Wikipedia)

Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H, "Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease", Genome Biol (2002) 3 (http://genomebiology.com/2002/3/7/comment/2007 Archived 2006-06-24 at the Wayback Machine) (electronically published July 1, 2002; accessed August 25, 2005)

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Baltimore, David; Berg, Paul; Botchan, Dana; Charo, R. Alta; Church, George; Corn, Jacob E.; Daley, George Q.; Doudna, Jennifer A.; Fenner, Marsha; Greely, Henry T.; Jinek, Martin; Martin, G. Steven; Penhoet, Edward; Puck, Jennifer; Sternberg, Samuel H.; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Yamamoto, Keith R. (19 March 2015). "A prudent path forward for genomic engineering and germline gene modification". Science. 348 (6230): 36–8. Bibcode:2015Sci...348...36B. doi:10.1126/science.aab1028. PMC 4394183. PMID 25791083.
Lanphier, Edward; Urnov, Fyodor; Haecker, Sarah Ehlen; Werner, Michael; Smolenski, Joanna (26 March 2015). "Don't edit the human germ line". Nature. 519 (7544): 410–411. Bibcode:2015Natur.519..410L. doi:10.1038/519410a. PMID 25810189.
Cohen JC, Kiss RS, Pertsemlidis A, Marcel YL, McPherson R, Hobbs HH (2004). "Multiple rare alleles contribute to low plasma levels of HDL cholesterol". Science. 305 (5685): 869–872. Bibcode:2004Sci...305..869C. doi:10.1126/science.1099870. PMID 15297675. S2CID 39429794.
Morton NE, Collins A (1998). "Tests and estimates of allelic association in complex inheritance". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95 (19): 11389–11393. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9511389M. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.19.11389. PMC 21652. PMID 9736746.
Collins FS, Green ED, Guttmacher AE, Guyer MS, US National Human Genome Research Institute (2003). "A vision for the future of genomics research". Nature. 422 (6934): 835–847. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..835C. doi:10.1038/nature01626. PMID 12695777. S2CID 205209730.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Resta, Robert (19 May 2006). "A new definition of genetic counseling: national society of genetic counselors' task force report". Journal of Genetic Counseling. 15 (2): 77–83. doi:10.1007/s10897-005-9014-3. PMID 16761103. S2CID 25809385.
KOCH, TOM (2011-03-25). "Eugenics and the Genetic Challenge, Again: All Dressed Up and Just Everywhere to Go". Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 20 (2): 191–203. doi:10.1017/s0963180110000848. ISSN 0963-1801. PMC 3535762. PMID 21435294.
Baltimore, David; Berg, Paul; Botchan, Dana; Charo, R. Alta; Church, George; Corn, Jacob E.; Daley, George Q.; Doudna, Jennifer A.; Fenner, Marsha; Greely, Henry T.; Jinek, Martin; Martin, G. Steven; Penhoet, Edward; Puck, Jennifer; Sternberg, Samuel H.; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Yamamoto, Keith R. (19 March 2015). "A prudent path forward for genomic engineering and germline gene modification". Science. 348 (6230): 36–8. Bibcode:2015Sci...348...36B. doi:10.1126/science.aab1028. PMC 4394183. PMID 25791083.
Lanphier, Edward; Urnov, Fyodor; Haecker, Sarah Ehlen; Werner, Michael; Smolenski, Joanna (26 March 2015). "Don't edit the human germ line". Nature. 519 (7544): 410–411. Bibcode:2015Natur.519..410L. doi:10.1038/519410a. PMID 25810189.
Liang, Puping; Xu, Yanwen; Zhang, Xiya; Ding, Chenhui; Huang, Rui; Zhang, Zhen; Lv, Jie; Xie, Xiaowei; Chen, Yuxi; Li, Yujing; Sun, Ying; Bai, Yaofu; Songyang, Zhou; Ma, Wenbin; Zhou, Canquan; Huang, Junjiu (18 April 2015). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363–72. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5. PMC 4417674. PMID 25894090.
Reich DA, Lander ES (2001). "On the allelic spectrum of human disease". Trends Genet. 17 (9): 502–510. doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(01)02410-6. PMID 11525833.
Pritchard JK (2002). "The allelic architecture of human disease genes: common disease-common variant...or not?". Hum Mol Genet. 11 (20): 2417–2423. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.20.2417. PMID 12351577.
Smith DJ, Lusis AJ (2002). "The allelic structure of common disease". Hum Mol Genet. 11 (20): 2455–2461. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.497.3708. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.20.2455. PMID 12351581.
Goldstein DB, Chikhi L (2002). "Human migrations and population structure: what we know and why it matters". Annu Rev Genom Hum Genet. 3: 129–152. doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.3.022502.103200. PMID 12142358.
Lohmueller KE, Pearce CL, Pike M, Lander ES, Hirschhorn JN (2003). "Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease". Nat Genet. 33 (2): 177–182. doi:10.1038/ng1071. PMID 12524541. S2CID 6850292.
Weiss KM, Terwilliger JD (2000). "How many diseases does it take to map a gene with SNPs?". Nat Genet. 26 (2): 151–157. doi:10.1038/79866. PMID 11017069. S2CID 685795.
Cardon LR, Abecasis GR (2003). "Using haplotype blocks to map human complex trait loci". Trends Genet. 19 (3): 135–140. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.398.8937. doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(03)00022-2. PMID 12615007.
Kittles RA, Weiss KM (2003). "Race, ancestry, and genes: implications for defining disease risk". Annu Rev Genom Hum Genet. 4: 33–67. doi:10.1146/annurev.genom.4.070802.110356. PMID 14527296.
Pritchard JK (2001). "Are rare variants responsible for susceptibility to complex diseases?". Am J Hum Genet. 69 (1): 124–137. doi:10.1086/321272. PMC 1226027. PMID 11404818.
Cohen JC, Kiss RS, Pertsemlidis A, Marcel YL, McPherson R, Hobbs HH (2004). "Multiple rare alleles contribute to low plasma levels of HDL cholesterol". Science. 305 (5685): 869–872. Bibcode:2004Sci...305..869C. doi:10.1126/science.1099870. PMID 15297675. S2CID 39429794.
Risch N (2000). "Searching for the genetic determinants in a new millennium". Nature. 405 (6788): 847–856. doi:10.1038/35015718. PMID 10866211. S2CID 4392356.
Altmüller J, Palmer LJ, Fischer G, Scherb H, Wjst M (2001). "Genomewide scans of complex human diseases: true linkage is hard to find". Am J Hum Genet. 69 (5): 936–950. doi:10.1086/324069. PMC 1274370. PMID 11565063.
Hirschhorn JN, Lohmueller K, Byrne E, Hirschhorn K (2002). "A comprehensive review of genetic association studies". Genet Med. 4 (2): 45–61. doi:10.1097/00125817-200203000-00002. PMID 11882781.
Cardon LR, Palmer LJ (2003). "Population stratification and spurious allelic association". Lancet. 361 (9357): 598–604. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12520-2. PMID 12598158. S2CID 14255234.; Marchini J, Cardon LR, Phillips MS, Donnelly P (2004). "The effects of human population structure on large genetic association studies". Nat Genet. 36 (5): 512–517. doi:10.1038/ng1337. PMID 15052271.
Thomas DC, Witte JS (2002). "Point: population stratification: a problem for case-control studies of candidate-gene associations?". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 11 (6): 505–512. PMID 12050090.
Wacholder S, Rothman N, Caporaso N (2002). "Counterpoint: bias from population stratification is not a major threat to the validity of conclusions from epidemiological studies of common polymorphisms and cancer". Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 11 (6): 513–520. PMID 12050091.
Morton NE, Collins A (1998). "Tests and estimates of allelic association in complex inheritance". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95 (19): 11389–11393. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9511389M. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.19.11389. PMC 21652. PMID 9736746.
Hoggart CJ, Parra EJ, Shriver MD, Bonilla C, Kittles RA, Clayton DG, McKeigue PM (2003). "Control of confounding of genetic associations in stratified populations". Am J Hum Genet. 72 (6): 1492–1504. doi:10.1086/375613. PMC 1180309. PMID 12817591.
Freedman ML, Reich D, Penney KL, McDonald GJ, Mignault AA, Patterson N, Gabriel SB, Topol EJ, Smoller JW, Pato CN, Pato MT, Petryshen TL, Kolonel LN, Lander ES, Sklar P, Henderson B, Hirschhorn JN, Altshuler D (2004). "Assessing the impact of population stratification on genetic association studies". Nat Genet. 36 (4): 388–393. doi:10.1038/ng1333. PMID 15052270.
Tian C, Gregersen PK, Seldin MF (October 2008). "Accounting for ancestry: population substructure and genome-wide association studies". Human Molecular Genetics. 17 (R2): R143 – R150. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn268. PMC 2782357. PMID 18852203.
Hoggart CJ, Shriver MD, Kittles RA, Clayton DG, McKeigue PM (2004). "Design and analysis of admixture mapping studies". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 965–978. doi:10.1086/420855. PMC 1181989. PMID 15088268.
Patterson N, Hattangadi N, Lane B, Lohmueller KE, Hafler DA, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Smith MW, O'Brien SJ, Altshuler D, Daly MJ, Reich D (2004). "Methods for high-density admixture mapping of disease genes". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 979–1000. doi:10.1086/420871. PMC 1181990. PMID 15088269.
Smith MW, Patterson N, Lautenberger JA, Truelove AL, McDonald GJ, Waliszewska A, Kessing BD, et al. (2004). "A high-density admixture map for disease gene discovery in African Americans". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 1001–1013. doi:10.1086/420856. PMC 1181963. PMID 15088270.
McKeigue PM (2005). "Prospects for admixture mapping of complex traits". Am J Hum Genet. 76 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1086/426949. PMC 1196412. PMID 15540159.
Chaturvedi N (2001). "Ethnicity as an epidemiological determinant—crudely racist or crucially important?". Int J Epidemiol. 30 (5): 925–927. doi:10.1093/ije/30.5.925. PMID 11689494.
Collins FS, Green ED, Guttmacher AE, Guyer MS, US National Human Genome Research Institute (2003). "A vision for the future of genomics research". Nature. 422 (6934): 835–847. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..835C. doi:10.1038/nature01626. PMID 12695777. S2CID 205209730.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

KOCH, TOM (2011-03-25). "Eugenics and the Genetic Challenge, Again: All Dressed Up and Just Everywhere to Go". Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 20 (2): 191–203. doi:10.1017/s0963180110000848. ISSN 0963-1801. PMC 3535762. PMID 21435294.
Baltimore, David; Berg, Paul; Botchan, Dana; Charo, R. Alta; Church, George; Corn, Jacob E.; Daley, George Q.; Doudna, Jennifer A.; Fenner, Marsha; Greely, Henry T.; Jinek, Martin; Martin, G. Steven; Penhoet, Edward; Puck, Jennifer; Sternberg, Samuel H.; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Yamamoto, Keith R. (19 March 2015). "A prudent path forward for genomic engineering and germline gene modification". Science. 348 (6230): 36–8. Bibcode:2015Sci...348...36B. doi:10.1126/science.aab1028. PMC 4394183. PMID 25791083.
Liang, Puping; Xu, Yanwen; Zhang, Xiya; Ding, Chenhui; Huang, Rui; Zhang, Zhen; Lv, Jie; Xie, Xiaowei; Chen, Yuxi; Li, Yujing; Sun, Ying; Bai, Yaofu; Songyang, Zhou; Ma, Wenbin; Zhou, Canquan; Huang, Junjiu (18 April 2015). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in human tripronuclear zygotes". Protein & Cell. 6 (5): 363–72. doi:10.1007/s13238-015-0153-5. PMC 4417674. PMID 25894090.
Pritchard JK (2001). "Are rare variants responsible for susceptibility to complex diseases?". Am J Hum Genet. 69 (1): 124–137. doi:10.1086/321272. PMC 1226027. PMID 11404818.
Altmüller J, Palmer LJ, Fischer G, Scherb H, Wjst M (2001). "Genomewide scans of complex human diseases: true linkage is hard to find". Am J Hum Genet. 69 (5): 936–950. doi:10.1086/324069. PMC 1274370. PMID 11565063.
Morton NE, Collins A (1998). "Tests and estimates of allelic association in complex inheritance". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95 (19): 11389–11393. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9511389M. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.19.11389. PMC 21652. PMID 9736746.
Hoggart CJ, Parra EJ, Shriver MD, Bonilla C, Kittles RA, Clayton DG, McKeigue PM (2003). "Control of confounding of genetic associations in stratified populations". Am J Hum Genet. 72 (6): 1492–1504. doi:10.1086/375613. PMC 1180309. PMID 12817591.
Tian C, Gregersen PK, Seldin MF (October 2008). "Accounting for ancestry: population substructure and genome-wide association studies". Human Molecular Genetics. 17 (R2): R143 – R150. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn268. PMC 2782357. PMID 18852203.
Hoggart CJ, Shriver MD, Kittles RA, Clayton DG, McKeigue PM (2004). "Design and analysis of admixture mapping studies". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 965–978. doi:10.1086/420855. PMC 1181989. PMID 15088268.
Patterson N, Hattangadi N, Lane B, Lohmueller KE, Hafler DA, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Smith MW, O'Brien SJ, Altshuler D, Daly MJ, Reich D (2004). "Methods for high-density admixture mapping of disease genes". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 979–1000. doi:10.1086/420871. PMC 1181990. PMID 15088269.
Smith MW, Patterson N, Lautenberger JA, Truelove AL, McDonald GJ, Waliszewska A, Kessing BD, et al. (2004). "A high-density admixture map for disease gene discovery in African Americans". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (5): 1001–1013. doi:10.1086/420856. PMC 1181963. PMID 15088270.
McKeigue PM (2005). "Prospects for admixture mapping of complex traits". Am J Hum Genet. 76 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1086/426949. PMC 1196412. PMID 15540159.

nytimes.com

Wade, Nicholas (19 March 2015). "Scientists Seek Ban on Method of Editing the Human Genome". New York Times. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
Pollack, Andrew (3 March 2015). "A Powerful New Way to Edit DNA". New York Times. Retrieved 20 March 2015.
Kolata, Gina (23 April 2015). "Chinese Scientists Edit Genes of Human Embryos, Raising Concerns". New York Times. Retrieved 24 April 2015.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Smith DJ, Lusis AJ (2002). "The allelic structure of common disease". Hum Mol Genet. 11 (20): 2455–2461. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.497.3708. doi:10.1093/hmg/11.20.2455. PMID 12351581.
Cardon LR, Abecasis GR (2003). "Using haplotype blocks to map human complex trait loci". Trends Genet. 19 (3): 135–140. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.398.8937. doi:10.1016/s0168-9525(03)00022-2. PMID 12615007.

racp.edu.au

RACP. "Clinical Genetics". Royal Australasian College of Physicians.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Resta, Robert (19 May 2006). "A new definition of genetic counseling: national society of genetic counselors' task force report". Journal of Genetic Counseling. 15 (2): 77–83. doi:10.1007/s10897-005-9014-3. PMID 16761103. S2CID 25809385.
Lohmueller KE, Pearce CL, Pike M, Lander ES, Hirschhorn JN (2003). "Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease". Nat Genet. 33 (2): 177–182. doi:10.1038/ng1071. PMID 12524541. S2CID 6850292.
Weiss KM, Terwilliger JD (2000). "How many diseases does it take to map a gene with SNPs?". Nat Genet. 26 (2): 151–157. doi:10.1038/79866. PMID 11017069. S2CID 685795.
Cohen JC, Kiss RS, Pertsemlidis A, Marcel YL, McPherson R, Hobbs HH (2004). "Multiple rare alleles contribute to low plasma levels of HDL cholesterol". Science. 305 (5685): 869–872. Bibcode:2004Sci...305..869C. doi:10.1126/science.1099870. PMID 15297675. S2CID 39429794.
Risch N (2000). "Searching for the genetic determinants in a new millennium". Nature. 405 (6788): 847–856. doi:10.1038/35015718. PMID 10866211. S2CID 4392356.
Cardon LR, Palmer LJ (2003). "Population stratification and spurious allelic association". Lancet. 361 (9357): 598–604. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12520-2. PMID 12598158. S2CID 14255234.; Marchini J, Cardon LR, Phillips MS, Donnelly P (2004). "The effects of human population structure on large genetic association studies". Nat Genet. 36 (5): 512–517. doi:10.1038/ng1337. PMID 15052271.
Collins FS, Green ED, Guttmacher AE, Guyer MS, US National Human Genome Research Institute (2003). "A vision for the future of genomics research". Nature. 422 (6934): 835–847. Bibcode:2003Natur.422..835C. doi:10.1038/nature01626. PMID 12695777. S2CID 205209730.

technologyreview.com

Regalado, Antonio (2016-05-08). "Chinese Researchers Experiment with Making HIV-Proof Embryos". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 2016-06-10.

web.archive.org

Risch N, Burchard E, Ziv E, Tang H, "Categorization of humans in biomedical research: genes, race and disease", Genome Biol (2002) 3 (http://genomebiology.com/2002/3/7/comment/2007 Archived 2006-06-24 at the Wayback Machine) (electronically published July 1, 2002; accessed August 25, 2005)

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Rose, Nikolas. (2009). The Politics of Life Itself : Biomedicine, Power, and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Century. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-12190-1. OCLC 995257497.
KOCH, TOM (2011-03-25). "Eugenics and the Genetic Challenge, Again: All Dressed Up and Just Everywhere to Go". Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 20 (2): 191–203. doi:10.1017/s0963180110000848. ISSN 0963-1801. PMC 3535762. PMID 21435294.