By 1300, the population of western Europe (that is, west of Slavic and Balkan territory) was about 54 millions. Russell, Josiah Cox (2 December 1976). "POPULATION DURING THE RENAISSANCE". Explorations in Renaissance Culture. 3: 21–22. doi:10.1163/23526963-90000017. PMID12338861. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
Hopkins, Keith (1980). "Taxes and Trade in the Roman Empire (200 B.C.–A.D. 400)". Journal of Roman Studies. 70: 101–25. doi:10.2307/299558. JSTOR299558. S2CID162507113.
By 1300, the population of western Europe (that is, west of Slavic and Balkan territory) was about 54 millions. Russell, Josiah Cox (2 December 1976). "POPULATION DURING THE RENAISSANCE". Explorations in Renaissance Culture. 3: 21–22. doi:10.1163/23526963-90000017. PMID12338861. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
Russell, J.C. (1958). "Late Ancient and Medieval Population". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 48 (3): 1–152. doi:10.2307/1005708. JSTOR1005708. p. 106
Brenner, Robert (1976). "Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe". Past & Present (70): 30–75. doi:10.1093/past/70.1.30. JSTOR650345.
However, these figures are much lower than the 4 million people there are estimated to have been in Roman times."Life in the 11th Century: Population". The Domesday Book Online.
fordham.edu
sourcebooks.fordham.edu
The citation combines sources from Herlihy 1989, and from Russell, Josiah C. (1972). "Population in Europe". In Cipolla, Carlo M. (ed.). The Middle Ages. The Fontana Economic History of Europe. Vol. 1. Collins/Fontana. pp. 25–71. Herlihy, David (1989), "Medieval Demography", in Strayer, Joseph R. (ed.), Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 4, New York: Scribner, ISBN0-684-17024-8.
Hopkins, Keith (1980). "Taxes and Trade in the Roman Empire (200 B.C.–A.D. 400)". Journal of Roman Studies. 70: 101–25. doi:10.2307/299558. JSTOR299558. S2CID162507113.
Russell, J.C. (1958). "Late Ancient and Medieval Population". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 48 (3): 1–152. doi:10.2307/1005708. JSTOR1005708. p. 106
Brenner, Robert (1976). "Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe". Past & Present (70): 30–75. doi:10.1093/past/70.1.30. JSTOR650345.
It is estimated that population density in Carpathian Basin rose from 3.6 persons per square kilometer in 1100, to 10.3 persons/km2 by 1440.Editorial board (2018). National atlas of Hungary(PDF). Budapest: Hungarian academy of sciences, Research centre for astronomy and earth sciences. p. 16. ISBN978-963-9545-64-9.
nih.gov
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
By 1300, the population of western Europe (that is, west of Slavic and Balkan territory) was about 54 millions. Russell, Josiah Cox (2 December 1976). "POPULATION DURING THE RENAISSANCE". Explorations in Renaissance Culture. 3: 21–22. doi:10.1163/23526963-90000017. PMID12338861. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
Hopkins, Keith (1980). "Taxes and Trade in the Roman Empire (200 B.C.–A.D. 400)". Journal of Roman Studies. 70: 101–25. doi:10.2307/299558. JSTOR299558. S2CID162507113.