Messapic language (English Wikipedia)

Wilkes 1992, p. 68: "...the Messapian language recorded on more than 300 inscriptions is in some respects similar to Balkan Illyrian. This link is also reflected in the material culture of both shores of the southern Adriatic. Archaeologists have concluded that there was a phase of Illyrian migration into Italy early in the first millennium BC."; Fortson 2004, p. 407: "They are linked by ancient historians with Illyria, across the Adriatic sea; the linkage is borne out archeologically by similarities between Illyrian and Messapic metalwork and ceramics, and by personal names that appear in both locations. For this reason, the Messapic language has often been connected by modern scholars to Illyrian; but, as noted above, we have too little Illyrian to be able to test this claim." Wilkes, J. J. (1992). The Illyrians. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-631-19807-5. Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004). Indo-European Language and Culture. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1-4051-0316-7.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 231: "Apart from the spears and spear-heads of 'South-Illyrian' type (...), a connexion can be traced between Albania and Italy through various features in the pottery (shapes, handles; later on also painted geometric decoration); for although in Albania they derive from an earlier local tradition, they seem to represent new elements in Italy. In the same way we can account for the fibulae – typically Illyrian – arching in a simple curve with or without buttons, which one finds in southern Italy and in Sicily, and also some in which the curve is decorated with 'herring-bone' incisions, like examples from the eastern coast of the Adriatic. These influences appear finally in the rites of burial in tumuli in the contracted position, which are seen at this period in southern Italy, especially in Apulia. There is also evidence, as we have seen elsewhere, for supposing that in the diffusion of these Illyrian influences in Italy the Illyrian tribes which were displaced at the beginning of this period from the South-Eastern sea-board of the Adriatic and passed over into Italy may have played a significant role." Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969.
Trumper 2018, pp. 383–386; Friedman & Joseph 2025, p. 20; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Friedman 2011, pp. 275–291. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A.; Joseph, Brian D. (2025). The Balkan Languages. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139019095. ISBN 9781139019095. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Friedman, Victor A. (2011). "The Balkan Languages and Balkan Linguistics". Annual Review of Anthropology. 40: 275–291. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-081309-145932.
Small 2014, p. 18. Small, Alastair (2014). "Pots, Peoples and Places in Fourth-Century B.C.E. Apulia". In Carpenter, T. H.; Lynch, K. M.; Robinson, E. G. D. (eds.). The Italic People of Ancient Apulia: New Evidence from Pottery for Workshops, Markets, and Customs. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-99270-1.
Marchesini 2009, pp. 80, 141: "L'orizzonte cronologico più antico dell'epigrafia messapica, almeno allo stato attuale della documentazione, è da collocare quindi alla metà circa del VI secolo, stando alla cronologia dei testi più antichi di cui abbiamo parlato sopra. Più difficile è invece formulare ipotesi per quanto riguarda il limite cronologico inferiore. Per il momento l'evidenza ci mostra che non si hanno iscrizioni messapiche databili oltre il II sec. a.C." Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4.
Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Majer 2019, p. 258; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Yntema 2017, p. 337; Mërkuri 2015, pp. 65–67; Ismajli 2015, pp. 36–38, 44–45; Ismajli 2013, p. 24; Hamp & Adams 2013, p. 8; Demiraj 2004, pp. 58–59; Hamp 1996, pp. 89–90. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". The Indo-European Language Family. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108499798. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Majer, Marek (2019). "Parahistoria indoevropiane e fjalës shqipe për 'motrën'" [Indo-European Prehistory of the Albanian Word for 'Sister']. Seminari Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [International Seminar for Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). 1 (38). University of Prishtina: 252–266. ISSN 2521-3687. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Yntema, Douwe (2017). "The Pre-Roman Peoples of Apulia (1000-100 BC)". In Gary D. Farney, Guy Bradley (ed.). The Peoples of Ancient Italy. De Gruyter Reference. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 337–. ISBN 9781614513001. Mërkuri, Nexhip (2015). "Gjuhësia e përgjithshme dhe këndvështrimet bashkëkohore për Epirin dhe mesapët" [General Linguistics and Contemporary Perspectives on Epirus and the Messapians]. In Ibrahimi, Zeqirija (ed.). Shaban Demiraj – figurë e shquar e albanologjisë dhe ballkanologjisë [Shaban Demiraj – prominent figure of Albanianology and Balkanology] (in Albanian). Instituti i Trashëgimisë Shpirtërore e Kulturore të Shqiptarëve – Shkup. p. 57. ISBN 9786084653240. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Ismajli, Rexhep (2013). "Diskutime për prejardhjen e gjuhës shqipe" [Discussions About the Origin of the Albanian Language]. In Bardh Rugova (ed.). Seminari XXXII Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [The XXXII International Seminar on Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: University of Prishtina. Hamp, Eric; Adams, Douglas (2013). "The Expansion of the Indo-European Languages: An Indo-Europeanist's Evolving View" (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. 239. Demiraj, Shaban (2004). "Gjendja gjuhësore e Gadishullit Ballkanik në lashtësi" [The linguistic situation of the Balkan Peninsula in antiquity]. Gjuhësi Ballkanike [Balkan Linguistics] (in Albanian). Academy of Sciences of Albania. ISBN 9789994363001. Hamp, Eric P. (1996). "Varia". Études Celtiques. 32: 87–90. doi:10.3406/ecelt.1996.2087. ISSN 0373-1928.
Trumper 2018, pp. 383–386; Friedman & Joseph 2025, p. 20; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Friedman 2011, pp. 275–291. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A.; Joseph, Brian D. (2025). The Balkan Languages. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139019095. ISBN 9781139019095. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Friedman, Victor A. (2011). "The Balkan Languages and Balkan Linguistics". Annual Review of Anthropology. 40: 275–291. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-081309-145932.
Matzinger 2025, p. 96. Matzinger, Joachim (2025). "Tria corda, oder die Sprachlandschaft des antiken Apuliens". In Emmanuel Dupraz; Antoine Viredaz (eds.). Langues Et Institutions en Italie Méridionale: Les Aires Osques Et Messapiennes Entre Grande-Grèce Et Rome. Schwabe Verlagsgruppe AG Schwabe Verlag. pp. 91–106. doi:10.24894/978-3-7965-5186-4. ISBN 978-3-7965-5186-4.
Matzinger 2021, p. 29: "Since Messapic is a language of Balkan origin brought to Italy, it may be included in this analysis." Matzinger, Joachim (2021). "Ancient Languages of the Balkans". In Götz Keydana; Wolfgang Hock; Paul Widmer (eds.). Comparison and Gradation in Indo-European. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9783110637434.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, pp. 839–840; Mallory & Adams 1997, p. 278; Salvemini & Massafra 2005, pp. 7–16; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790 Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 Salvemini, Biagio; Massafra, Angelo, eds. (2005). Storia della Puglia. Dalle origini al Seicento (in Italian). Vol. 1. Laterza. ISBN 8842077992. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1.
Matzinger 2005, p. 48; Matzinger 2015, pp. 65–66; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790; Ismajli 2015, pp. 65–68; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Friedman 2020, p. 388. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147.
Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". The Indo-European Language Family. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108499798.
West 2007, p. 15...To these can be added a larger body of inscriptions from south-east Italy in the Messapic language, which is generally considered to be Illyrian...; see also Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 378–379; Fortson 2004, p. 407; Woodard 2008, p. 11; Small 2014, p. 18. West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004). Indo-European Language and Culture. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1-4051-0316-7. Woodard, Roger D. (2008). The Ancient Languages of Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-46932-6. Small, Alastair (2014). "Pots, Peoples and Places in Fourth-Century B.C.E. Apulia". In Carpenter, T. H.; Lynch, K. M.; Robinson, E. G. D. (eds.). The Italic People of Ancient Apulia: New Evidence from Pottery for Workshops, Markets, and Customs. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-99270-1.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 870; Buda 1984, p. 50; Pisani 1987, p. 506; Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 378–379; West 2007, pp. 140, 176; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; Dzino 2014, p. 48 Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969. Buda, Aleks (1984). Problems of the formation of the Albanian people, their language and culture: conference (selection). The "8 Nëntori" Pub. House. Pisani, Vittore (1987). Linguistica e filologia: atti del VII Convegno internazionale di linguisti tenuto a Milano nei giorni 12–14 settembre 1984. Paideia. ISBN 8839403922. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Dzino, Danijel (2014). "'Illyrians' in ancient ethnographic discourse". Dialogues d'Histoire Ancienne. 40 (2): 45–65. doi:10.3917/dha.402.0045.
Friedman 2020, p. 388. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147.
Aigner-Foresti 2004, p. 81: "Altri studiosi, sulla scia di P. Kretschmer, sostengono invece la parentela linguistica illirico-messapica partendo dal presupposto che l'antico illirico trovi un seguito nell'albanese moderno. Le loro argomentazioni sono attendibili anche se non vincolanti." Aigner-Foresti, Luciana (2004). "Gli Illiri in Italia:istituzioni politiche nella Messapia preromana". In Gianpaolo Urso (ed.). Dall'Adriatico al Danubio: l'Illirico nell'età greca e romana: atti del convegno internazionale, Cividale del Friuli, 25–27 settembre 2003. I convegni della Fondazione Niccolò Canussio. ETS. pp. 79–94. ISBN 884671069X.
Matzinger 2017, p. 1791–1792. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1.
Rusakov 2017, p. 559. Rusakov, Alexander (2017). "Albanian". In Kapović, Mate; Giacalone Ramat, Anna; Ramat, Paolo (eds.). The Indo-European Languages. Routledge. pp. 552–602. ISBN 9781317391531.
Orel 1998, pp. 260, 265; West 2007, pp. 137, 146; Rusakov 2017, p. 556; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790; Poli 2019, p. 600 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Rusakov, Alexander (2017). "Albanian". In Kapović, Mate; Giacalone Ramat, Anna; Ramat, Paolo (eds.). The Indo-European Languages. Routledge. pp. 552–602. ISBN 9781317391531. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1. Poli, Diego (2019). "Quale significato per il significante ri? Alla ricerca della 'regalità' in Irlanda". In Fiori, Roberto (ed.). Re e popolo: Istituzioni arcaiche tra storia e comparazione. V&R Unipress. pp. 527–602. ISBN 9783847010227.
Trumper 2018, p. 385: "Overall, the complex of Albanian dialects remains a solid block of the Albanoid group still relatable with Messapic (observed in place naming in Apulia: some towns have no etymon outside Albanoid sources, for example in toponyms such as Manduria)." Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179.
Aigner-Foresti 2004, p. 82: "Elementi linguistici (particelle, preposizioni, suffissi, lessico, ma anche toponimi, antroponimi e teonimi) del messapico trovano, infatti, singolare riscontro nell'albanese." Aigner-Foresti, Luciana (2004). "Gli Illiri in Italia:istituzioni politiche nella Messapia preromana". In Gianpaolo Urso (ed.). Dall'Adriatico al Danubio: l'Illirico nell'età greca e romana: atti del convegno internazionale, Cividale del Friuli, 25–27 settembre 2003. I convegni della Fondazione Niccolò Canussio. ETS. pp. 79–94. ISBN 884671069X.
Wilkes 1992, p. 68: "...the Messapian language recorded on more than 300 inscriptions is in some respects similar to Balkan Illyrian. This link is also reflected in the material culture of both shores of the southern Adriatic. Archaeologists have concluded that there was a phase of Illyrian migration into Italy early in the first millennium BC." Wilkes, J. J. (1992). The Illyrians. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-631-19807-5.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 231: "Apart from the spears and spear-heads of 'South-Illyrian' type (...), a connexion can be traced between Albania and Italy through various features in the pottery (shapes, handles; later on also painted geometric decoration); for although in Albania they derive from an earlier local tradition, they seem to represent new elements in Italy. In the same way we can account for the fibulae – typically Illyrian – arching in a simple curve with or without buttons, which one finds in southern Italy and in Sicily, and also some in which the curve is decorated with ' herring-bone' incisions, like examples from the eastern coast of the Adriatic. These influences appear finally in the rites of burial in tumuli in the contracted position, which are seen at this period in southern Italy, especially in Apulia. There is also evidence, as we have seen elsewhere, for supposing that in the diffusion of these Illyrian influences in Italy the Illyrian tribes which were displaced at the beginning of this period from the South-Eastern sea-board of the Adriatic and passed over into Italy may have played a significant role." Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 229, 231. Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969.
Salvemini & Massafra 2005, pp. 7–16. Salvemini, Biagio; Massafra, Angelo, eds. (2005). Storia della Puglia. Dalle origini al Seicento (in Italian). Vol. 1. Laterza. ISBN 8842077992.
Graham 1982, pp. 112–113. Graham, A. J. (1982). "The Colonial Expansion of Greece". In John Boardman; N. G. L. Hammond (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 3) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521234476.
Marchesini 2009, pp. 139–141. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4.
Salvemini & Massafra 2005, pp. 17–29. Salvemini, Biagio; Massafra, Angelo, eds. (2005). Storia della Puglia. Dalle origini al Seicento (in Italian). Vol. 1. Laterza. ISBN 8842077992.
Adams 2003, pp. 116–117. Adams, James N. (2003). Bilingualism and the Latin Language. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81771-4.
Marchesini 2009, p. 143. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4.
Palmer 1988, p. 40 Palmer, Leonard Robert (1988). The Latin Language. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 080612136X.
Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 378–379 Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5
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Katičić 1995, p. 208 Katičić, Radoslav (1995). Illyricum mythologicum (in Croatian). Zagreb: Antibarbarus. ISBN 9789536160327.
Torelli 1995, pp. 142–43 Torelli, Mario (1995). Studies in the Romanization of Italy. University of Alberta. ISBN 0888642415.
Palmer 1988, p. 39. Palmer, Leonard Robert (1988). The Latin Language. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 080612136X.
Šašel Kos, Marjeta (2010). "Peoples on the northern fringes of the Greek world: Illyria as seen by Strabo". In Jean-Luc Lamboley, Maria Paola Castiglioni (ed.). L'Illyrie méridionale et l'Épire dans l'Antiquité V: Actes du Ve colloque international de Grenoble (8–11 octobre 2008). L'Illyrie méridionale et l'Épire dans l'Antiquité (V). Vol. 2. De Boccard Editions. pp. 617–629. ISBN 9782951943339. p. 625.
Matzinger 2005, p. 38; West 2007, p. 140; Matzinger 2014, p. 26. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Matzinger, Joachim (2014), Einführung ins Messapische (in German), Vienna{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Marchesini 2009, p. 148; De Simone 2017, p. 1844; Matzinger 2019, p. 98. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Matzinger, Joachim (2019). Messapisch. Kurzgrammatiken indogermanischer Sprachen und Sprachstufen (in German). Vol. 2. Dr Ludwig Reichert Verlag. ISBN 978-3954903986.
Orel 1998, p. 12; Ismajli 2015, p. 466. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature.
Orel 1998, p. 7; Matzinger 2005, p. 33; Matzinger 2015, p. 64; Poli 2019, p. 600. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Poli, Diego (2019). "Quale significato per il significante ri? Alla ricerca della 'regalità' in Irlanda". In Fiori, Roberto (ed.). Re e popolo: Istituzioni arcaiche tra storia e comparazione. V&R Unipress. pp. 527–602. ISBN 9783847010227.
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Hamp 1966, p. 114; Marchesini 2009, p. 153. Hamp, Eric P. (1966). "The Position of Albanian". In Birnbaum, Henrik; Puhvel, Jaan (eds.). Ancient Indo-European Dialects: Proceedings of the Conference on Indo-European Linguistics Held at the University of California, Los Angeles, April 25–27, 1963. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520001206. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4.
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Boardman & Sollberger 1982, pp. 869–870; Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 288, 417; West 2007, p. 137; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; De Simone 2017, p. 1844 Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4.
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doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Matzinger 2015, p. 62: "Finché non sono risolti in maniera soddisfacente i vari e difficili problemi della fonologia storica dell'illirico vero e proprio è, al momento attuale, impossibile se non inutile effettuare una comparazione linguistica tra il messapico e l'illirico."; de Simone 2016: "For many years the study of Messapic was based on the assumption that the language was genetically related to Illyrian. The main supporter of this theory was the German scholar H. Krahe, though he eventually modified his views considerably. At present we prefer to see Messapic as an autonomous linguistic unit, with its own history, to be studied within the context of the other languages and the history of ancient Italy. Yet it may still be possible to establish links between Messapic, which is certainly an Indo-European language, and other languages genetically close to it. In fact we cannot exclude that Messapic was introduced into Italy (in several waves?) by ‘Illyrian’ speakers who came from the Balkans, though at present this cannot be verified." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 57. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Trumper 2018, pp. 383–386; Friedman & Joseph 2025, p. 20; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Friedman 2011, pp. 275–291. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A.; Joseph, Brian D. (2025). The Balkan Languages. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139019095. ISBN 9781139019095. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Friedman, Victor A. (2011). "The Balkan Languages and Balkan Linguistics". Annual Review of Anthropology. 40: 275–291. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-081309-145932.
Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Majer 2019, p. 258; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Yntema 2017, p. 337; Mërkuri 2015, pp. 65–67; Ismajli 2015, pp. 36–38, 44–45; Ismajli 2013, p. 24; Hamp & Adams 2013, p. 8; Demiraj 2004, pp. 58–59; Hamp 1996, pp. 89–90. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". The Indo-European Language Family. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108499798. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Majer, Marek (2019). "Parahistoria indoevropiane e fjalës shqipe për 'motrën'" [Indo-European Prehistory of the Albanian Word for 'Sister']. Seminari Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [International Seminar for Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). 1 (38). University of Prishtina: 252–266. ISSN 2521-3687. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Yntema, Douwe (2017). "The Pre-Roman Peoples of Apulia (1000-100 BC)". In Gary D. Farney, Guy Bradley (ed.). The Peoples of Ancient Italy. De Gruyter Reference. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 337–. ISBN 9781614513001. Mërkuri, Nexhip (2015). "Gjuhësia e përgjithshme dhe këndvështrimet bashkëkohore për Epirin dhe mesapët" [General Linguistics and Contemporary Perspectives on Epirus and the Messapians]. In Ibrahimi, Zeqirija (ed.). Shaban Demiraj – figurë e shquar e albanologjisë dhe ballkanologjisë [Shaban Demiraj – prominent figure of Albanianology and Balkanology] (in Albanian). Instituti i Trashëgimisë Shpirtërore e Kulturore të Shqiptarëve – Shkup. p. 57. ISBN 9786084653240. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Ismajli, Rexhep (2013). "Diskutime për prejardhjen e gjuhës shqipe" [Discussions About the Origin of the Albanian Language]. In Bardh Rugova (ed.). Seminari XXXII Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [The XXXII International Seminar on Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: University of Prishtina. Hamp, Eric; Adams, Douglas (2013). "The Expansion of the Indo-European Languages: An Indo-Europeanist's Evolving View" (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. 239. Demiraj, Shaban (2004). "Gjendja gjuhësore e Gadishullit Ballkanik në lashtësi" [The linguistic situation of the Balkan Peninsula in antiquity]. Gjuhësi Ballkanike [Balkan Linguistics] (in Albanian). Academy of Sciences of Albania. ISBN 9789994363001. Hamp, Eric P. (1996). "Varia". Études Celtiques. 32: 87–90. doi:10.3406/ecelt.1996.2087. ISSN 0373-1928.
Trumper 2018, pp. 383–386; Friedman & Joseph 2025, p. 20; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Friedman 2011, pp. 275–291. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A.; Joseph, Brian D. (2025). The Balkan Languages. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781139019095. ISBN 9781139019095. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Friedman, Victor A. (2011). "The Balkan Languages and Balkan Linguistics". Annual Review of Anthropology. 40: 275–291. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-081309-145932.
Matzinger 2025, p. 96. Matzinger, Joachim (2025). "Tria corda, oder die Sprachlandschaft des antiken Apuliens". In Emmanuel Dupraz; Antoine Viredaz (eds.). Langues Et Institutions en Italie Méridionale: Les Aires Osques Et Messapiennes Entre Grande-Grèce Et Rome. Schwabe Verlagsgruppe AG Schwabe Verlag. pp. 91–106. doi:10.24894/978-3-7965-5186-4. ISBN 978-3-7965-5186-4.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59: "Che il messapico non appartenga al gruppo linguistico delle lingue italiche (latino-falisco, lingue sabelliche, venetico) risulta chiaramente dello sviluppo diverso di indo-europeo *o conservata nelle lingue italiche, ma mutata in a nel messapico (cfr. la desinenza del nom. sg. dei temi maschili i.-e. *-os nel latino arcaico -os, sabellico -s, venetico -os opposta a messapico -AS, o la desinenza del dat.-abl. pl. i.-e. *-bʰos nel latino arcaico -bos, -bus, osco -fs, -ss, umbro -s, venetico -bos opposta a messapico -bas)." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2005, p. 48; Matzinger 2015, pp. 65–66; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790; Ismajli 2015, pp. 65–68; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Friedman 2020, p. 388. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147.
Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 870; Buda 1984, p. 50; Pisani 1987, p. 506; Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 378–379; West 2007, pp. 140, 176; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; Dzino 2014, p. 48 Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969. Buda, Aleks (1984). Problems of the formation of the Albanian people, their language and culture: conference (selection). The "8 Nëntori" Pub. House. Pisani, Vittore (1987). Linguistica e filologia: atti del VII Convegno internazionale di linguisti tenuto a Milano nei giorni 12–14 settembre 1984. Paideia. ISBN 8839403922. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Dzino, Danijel (2014). "'Illyrians' in ancient ethnographic discourse". Dialogues d'Histoire Ancienne. 40 (2): 45–65. doi:10.3917/dha.402.0045.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–63. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–66. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 60: "Per questi motivi lo sviluppo della propria cultura messapica, rispettivamente iapigia è oggi ampiamente considerato come il risultato di una confluenza di tradizioni culturali oltreadriatiche (cioè balcaniche, ma anche micenee in una fase anteriore e poi greco-ellenistiche) con tradizioni culturali locali già esistenti prima di questo nuovo insediamento." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 58. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Pisani 1976, p. 69. Pisani, Vittore (1976). "Gli Illiri in Italia". Iliria (in Italian). 5: 67–73. doi:10.3406/iliri.1976.1213.
Marchesini 2020, p. 520 Marchesini, Simona (2020). "Messapico". Palaeohispanica: Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania antigua (in Italian) (20): 495–530. doi:10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i20.378. S2CID 243412082.
Mann 1977, p. 92; Orel 1998, p. 37; Pisani 1976, p. 69; Matzinger 2005, p. 35; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790. Mann, Stuart E. (1977). An Albanian Historical Grammar. Buske. ISBN 978-3-87118-262-4. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Pisani, Vittore (1976). "Gli Illiri in Italia". Iliria (in Italian). 5: 67–73. doi:10.3406/iliri.1976.1213. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1.
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Dedvukaj 2023a, pp. 1–4. Dedvukaj, Lindon (2023a). "Linguistic evidence for the Indo-European and Albanian origin of Aphrodite". Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America. 8 (1). Linguistic Society of America: 5500. doi:10.3765/plsa.v8i1.5500. S2CID 258381736.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Søborg 2020, p. 74; Mann 1952, p. 32; West 2007, pp. 166–168; Matzinger 2014, p. 26; De Simone 2017, p. 1843. Søborg, Tobias Mosbæk (2020). Sigmatic Verbal Formations in Anatolian and Indo-European: A Cladistic Study (Thesis). University of Copenhagen, Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics. Mann, Stuart E. (1952). "The Indo-European Consonants in Albanian". Language. 28 (1). Linguistic Society of America: 31–40. doi:10.2307/409988. JSTOR 409988. West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Matzinger, Joachim (2014), Einführung ins Messapische (in German), Vienna{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

openedition.org (Global: 666^th place; English: 1,300^th place)

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Marchesini 2023a, p. 10. Marchesini, Simona (2023a). "Ancient Pilgrimage and Inscriptions. Examples from Pre-Roman Rock-Inscriptions of Italy". Mythos Rivista di Storia delle Religioni. 17. Salvatore Sciascia Editore. ISSN 2037-7746.

persee.fr (Global: 515^th place; English: 1,261^st place)

Boardman & Sollberger 1982, p. 870; Buda 1984, p. 50; Pisani 1987, p. 506; Mallory & Adams 1997, pp. 378–379; West 2007, pp. 140, 176; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; Dzino 2014, p. 48 Boardman, John; Sollberger, E. (1982). J. Boardman; I. E. S. Edwards; N. G. L. Hammond; E. Sollberger (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Prehistory of the Balkans; and the Middle East and the Aegean world, tenth to eighth centuries B.C. Vol. III (part 1) (2 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521224969. Buda, Aleks (1984). Problems of the formation of the Albanian people, their language and culture: conference (selection). The "8 Nëntori" Pub. House. Pisani, Vittore (1987). Linguistica e filologia: atti del VII Convegno internazionale di linguisti tenuto a Milano nei giorni 12–14 settembre 1984. Paideia. ISBN 8839403922. Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5 West, Martin L. (2007). Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199280759. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Dzino, Danijel (2014). "'Illyrians' in ancient ethnographic discourse". Dialogues d'Histoire Ancienne. 40 (2): 45–65. doi:10.3917/dha.402.0045.
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Lamboley 1996, pp. 55, 432–433. Lamboley, Jean-Luc (1996). Recherches sur les Messapiens, IVe-IIe siècle avant J.-C. Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. ISBN 2728303606.
Lamboley 1996, p. 44. Lamboley, Jean-Luc (1996). Recherches sur les Messapiens, IVe-IIe siècle avant J.-C. Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. ISBN 2728303606.
Lamboley 1996, p. 23. Lamboley, Jean-Luc (1996). Recherches sur les Messapiens, IVe-IIe siècle avant J.-C. Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. ISBN 2728303606.
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Lamboley 1996, p. 171. Lamboley, Jean-Luc (1996). Recherches sur les Messapiens, IVe-IIe siècle avant J.-C. Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. ISBN 2728303606.
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Lamboley 1996, p. 120. Lamboley, Jean-Luc (1996). Recherches sur les Messapiens, IVe-IIe siècle avant J.-C. Bibliothèque des Écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome. ISBN 2728303606.

sanu.ac.rs (Global: 9,183^rd place; English: low place)

dais.sanu.ac.rs

Matasović 1995, p. 96; Demiraj 1997, p. 213; Cortelazzo & Marcato 1998, p. 120; Savić & Ligorio 2022, p. 22. Matasović, Ranko (1995). "Skokove 'ilirske' etimologije". Folia onomastica Croatica (in Croatian) (4): 89–101. Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997). Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz. Leiden Studies in Indo-European (in German). Vol. 7. Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi. Cortelazzo, Manlio; Marcato, Carla (1998). "càrpë". In Manlio Cortelazzo (ed.). I dialetti italiani: dizionario etimologico, Volume 1. UTET. p. 120. ISBN 9788802052113. Savić, Danilo; Ligorio, Orsat (2022). "Illyrian and Slavic". Lucida Intervalla. 51. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu: 3–41. ISSN 1450-6645.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Marchesini 2020, p. 520 Marchesini, Simona (2020). "Messapico". Palaeohispanica: Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania antigua (in Italian) (20): 495–530. doi:10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i20.378. S2CID 243412082.
Marchesini 2020, p. 500. Marchesini, Simona (2020). "Messapico". Palaeohispanica: Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania antigua (in Italian) (20): 495–530. doi:10.36707/palaeohispanica.v0i20.378. S2CID 243412082.
Krahe 1946, p. 199–200. Krahe, Hans (1946). "Die illyrische Naniengebung (Die Götternamen)" (PDF). Jarhbücher f. d. Altertumswiss (in German). pp. 199–204. S2CID 54995190. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-07.
Dedvukaj 2023a, pp. 1–4. Dedvukaj, Lindon (2023a). "Linguistic evidence for the Indo-European and Albanian origin of Aphrodite". Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America. 8 (1). Linguistic Society of America: 5500. doi:10.3765/plsa.v8i1.5500. S2CID 258381736.

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Krahe 1946, p. 199–200. Krahe, Hans (1946). "Die illyrische Naniengebung (Die Götternamen)" (PDF). Jarhbücher f. d. Altertumswiss (in German). pp. 199–204. S2CID 54995190. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-07.

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Marchesini, Simona. "Ancient writing systems in the Mediterranean".

srce.hr (Global: 1,922^nd place; English: 1,922^nd place)

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Matasović 1995, p. 96; Demiraj 1997, p. 213; Cortelazzo & Marcato 1998, p. 120; Savić & Ligorio 2022, p. 22. Matasović, Ranko (1995). "Skokove 'ilirske' etimologije". Folia onomastica Croatica (in Croatian) (4): 89–101. Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997). Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz. Leiden Studies in Indo-European (in German). Vol. 7. Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi. Cortelazzo, Manlio; Marcato, Carla (1998). "càrpë". In Manlio Cortelazzo (ed.). I dialetti italiani: dizionario etimologico, Volume 1. UTET. p. 120. ISBN 9788802052113. Savić, Danilo; Ligorio, Orsat (2022). "Illyrian and Slavic". Lucida Intervalla. 51. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu: 3–41. ISSN 1450-6645.

theses.fr (Global: 7,747^th place; English: low place)

Buqinca 2021, p. 15; Baliu 2012, p. 69. Buqinca, Arianit (2021). Recherche sur les Dardaniens: VIe- Ier siècles av. J.- C. (Thesis). Université de Lyon. Baliu, Begzad (2012). Onomastikë dhe identitet [Onomastics and Identity] (PDF) (in Albanian). Era. ISBN 978-9951-04-071-6.

toosfoundation.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Majer 2019, p. 258; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Yntema 2017, p. 337; Mërkuri 2015, pp. 65–67; Ismajli 2015, pp. 36–38, 44–45; Ismajli 2013, p. 24; Hamp & Adams 2013, p. 8; Demiraj 2004, pp. 58–59; Hamp 1996, pp. 89–90. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". The Indo-European Language Family. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108499798. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Majer, Marek (2019). "Parahistoria indoevropiane e fjalës shqipe për 'motrën'" [Indo-European Prehistory of the Albanian Word for 'Sister']. Seminari Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [International Seminar for Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). 1 (38). University of Prishtina: 252–266. ISSN 2521-3687. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Yntema, Douwe (2017). "The Pre-Roman Peoples of Apulia (1000-100 BC)". In Gary D. Farney, Guy Bradley (ed.). The Peoples of Ancient Italy. De Gruyter Reference. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 337–. ISBN 9781614513001. Mërkuri, Nexhip (2015). "Gjuhësia e përgjithshme dhe këndvështrimet bashkëkohore për Epirin dhe mesapët" [General Linguistics and Contemporary Perspectives on Epirus and the Messapians]. In Ibrahimi, Zeqirija (ed.). Shaban Demiraj – figurë e shquar e albanologjisë dhe ballkanologjisë [Shaban Demiraj – prominent figure of Albanianology and Balkanology] (in Albanian). Instituti i Trashëgimisë Shpirtërore e Kulturore të Shqiptarëve – Shkup. p. 57. ISBN 9786084653240. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Ismajli, Rexhep (2013). "Diskutime për prejardhjen e gjuhës shqipe" [Discussions About the Origin of the Albanian Language]. In Bardh Rugova (ed.). Seminari XXXII Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [The XXXII International Seminar on Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: University of Prishtina. Hamp, Eric; Adams, Douglas (2013). "The Expansion of the Indo-European Languages: An Indo-Europeanist's Evolving View" (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. 239. Demiraj, Shaban (2004). "Gjendja gjuhësore e Gadishullit Ballkanik në lashtësi" [The linguistic situation of the Balkan Peninsula in antiquity]. Gjuhësi Ballkanike [Balkan Linguistics] (in Albanian). Academy of Sciences of Albania. ISBN 9789994363001. Hamp, Eric P. (1996). "Varia". Études Celtiques. 32: 87–90. doi:10.3406/ecelt.1996.2087. ISSN 0373-1928.
Hamp & Adams 2013, p. 8. Hamp, Eric; Adams, Douglas (2013). "The Expansion of the Indo-European Languages: An Indo-Europeanist's Evolving View" (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. 239.

unile.it (Global: low place; English: low place)

siba-ese.unile.it

Matzinger 2015, p. 62: "Finché non sono risolti in maniera soddisfacente i vari e difficili problemi della fonologia storica dell'illirico vero e proprio è, al momento attuale, impossibile se non inutile effettuare una comparazione linguistica tra il messapico e l'illirico."; de Simone 2016: "For many years the study of Messapic was based on the assumption that the language was genetically related to Illyrian. The main supporter of this theory was the German scholar H. Krahe, though he eventually modified his views considerably. At present we prefer to see Messapic as an autonomous linguistic unit, with its own history, to be studied within the context of the other languages and the history of ancient Italy. Yet it may still be possible to establish links between Messapic, which is certainly an Indo-European language, and other languages genetically close to it. In fact we cannot exclude that Messapic was introduced into Italy (in several waves?) by ‘Illyrian’ speakers who came from the Balkans, though at present this cannot be verified." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 57. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59: "Che il messapico non appartenga al gruppo linguistico delle lingue italiche (latino-falisco, lingue sabelliche, venetico) risulta chiaramente dello sviluppo diverso di indo-europeo *o conservata nelle lingue italiche, ma mutata in a nel messapico (cfr. la desinenza del nom. sg. dei temi maschili i.-e. *-os nel latino arcaico -os, sabellico -s, venetico -os opposta a messapico -AS, o la desinenza del dat.-abl. pl. i.-e. *-bʰos nel latino arcaico -bos, -bus, osco -fs, -ss, umbro -s, venetico -bos opposta a messapico -bas)." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2005, p. 48; Matzinger 2015, pp. 65–66; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790; Ismajli 2015, pp. 65–68; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Friedman 2020, p. 388. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–63. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–66. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 60: "Per questi motivi lo sviluppo della propria cultura messapica, rispettivamente iapigia è oggi ampiamente considerato come il risultato di una confluenza di tradizioni culturali oltreadriatiche (cioè balcaniche, ma anche micenee in una fase anteriore e poi greco-ellenistiche) con tradizioni culturali locali già esistenti prima di questo nuovo insediamento." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 58. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Orel 1998, p. 7; Matzinger 2005, p. 33; Matzinger 2015, p. 64; Poli 2019, p. 600. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Poli, Diego (2019). "Quale significato per il significante ri? Alla ricerca della 'regalità' in Irlanda". In Fiori, Roberto (ed.). Re e popolo: Istituzioni arcaiche tra storia e comparazione. V&R Unipress. pp. 527–602. ISBN 9783847010227.
Orel 1998, p. 25; De Simone 2017, p. 1842; Pisani 1976, p. 69; Matzinger 2005, p. 34; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; Matzinger 2015, p. 64. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Pisani, Vittore (1976). "Gli Illiri in Italia". Iliria (in Italian). 5: 67–73. doi:10.3406/iliri.1976.1213. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.

unizg.hr (Global: 8,437^th place; English: low place)

mudrac.ffzg.unizg.hr

Matasović 2012, p. 6. Matasović, Ranko (2012). A Grammatical Sketch of Albanian for Students of Indo-European (PDF) (Report). University of Zagreb.

usp.br (Global: 2,069^th place; English: 5,287^th place)

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Edward Herring (2012). "Daunians, Peucetians and Messapians? Societies and Settlements in South-East Italy" (PDF). p. 274.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Messapic at MultiTree on the Linguist List
Krahe 1946, p. 199–200. Krahe, Hans (1946). "Die illyrische Naniengebung (Die Götternamen)" (PDF). Jarhbücher f. d. Altertumswiss (in German). pp. 199–204. S2CID 54995190. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-07.

wikimedia.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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Buqinca 2021, p. 15; Baliu 2012, p. 69. Buqinca, Arianit (2021). Recherche sur les Dardaniens: VIe- Ier siècles av. J.- C. (Thesis). Université de Lyon. Baliu, Begzad (2012). Onomastikë dhe identitet [Onomastics and Identity] (PDF) (in Albanian). Era. ISBN 978-9951-04-071-6.

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Matzinger 2015, p. 62: "Finché non sono risolti in maniera soddisfacente i vari e difficili problemi della fonologia storica dell'illirico vero e proprio è, al momento attuale, impossibile se non inutile effettuare una comparazione linguistica tra il messapico e l'illirico."; de Simone 2016: "For many years the study of Messapic was based on the assumption that the language was genetically related to Illyrian. The main supporter of this theory was the German scholar H. Krahe, though he eventually modified his views considerably. At present we prefer to see Messapic as an autonomous linguistic unit, with its own history, to be studied within the context of the other languages and the history of ancient Italy. Yet it may still be possible to establish links between Messapic, which is certainly an Indo-European language, and other languages genetically close to it. In fact we cannot exclude that Messapic was introduced into Italy (in several waves?) by ‘Illyrian’ speakers who came from the Balkans, though at present this cannot be verified." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 57. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Marchesini 2023a, p. 10. Marchesini, Simona (2023a). "Ancient Pilgrimage and Inscriptions. Examples from Pre-Roman Rock-Inscriptions of Italy". Mythos Rivista di Storia delle Religioni. 17. Salvatore Sciascia Editore. ISSN 2037-7746.
Hyllested & Joseph 2022, p. 235; Friedman 2020, p. 388; Majer 2019, p. 258; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Yntema 2017, p. 337; Mërkuri 2015, pp. 65–67; Ismajli 2015, pp. 36–38, 44–45; Ismajli 2013, p. 24; Hamp & Adams 2013, p. 8; Demiraj 2004, pp. 58–59; Hamp 1996, pp. 89–90. Hyllested, Adam; Joseph, Brian D. (2022). "Albanian". The Indo-European Language Family. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108499798. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147. Majer, Marek (2019). "Parahistoria indoevropiane e fjalës shqipe për 'motrën'" [Indo-European Prehistory of the Albanian Word for 'Sister']. Seminari Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [International Seminar for Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). 1 (38). University of Prishtina: 252–266. ISSN 2521-3687. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Yntema, Douwe (2017). "The Pre-Roman Peoples of Apulia (1000-100 BC)". In Gary D. Farney, Guy Bradley (ed.). The Peoples of Ancient Italy. De Gruyter Reference. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. pp. 337–. ISBN 9781614513001. Mërkuri, Nexhip (2015). "Gjuhësia e përgjithshme dhe këndvështrimet bashkëkohore për Epirin dhe mesapët" [General Linguistics and Contemporary Perspectives on Epirus and the Messapians]. In Ibrahimi, Zeqirija (ed.). Shaban Demiraj – figurë e shquar e albanologjisë dhe ballkanologjisë [Shaban Demiraj – prominent figure of Albanianology and Balkanology] (in Albanian). Instituti i Trashëgimisë Shpirtërore e Kulturore të Shqiptarëve – Shkup. p. 57. ISBN 9786084653240. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Ismajli, Rexhep (2013). "Diskutime për prejardhjen e gjuhës shqipe" [Discussions About the Origin of the Albanian Language]. In Bardh Rugova (ed.). Seminari XXXII Ndërkombëtar për Gjuhën, Letërsinë dhe Kulturën Shqiptare [The XXXII International Seminar on Albanian Language, Literature and Culture] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: University of Prishtina. Hamp, Eric; Adams, Douglas (2013). "The Expansion of the Indo-European Languages: An Indo-Europeanist's Evolving View" (PDF). Sino-Platonic Papers. 239. Demiraj, Shaban (2004). "Gjendja gjuhësore e Gadishullit Ballkanik në lashtësi" [The linguistic situation of the Balkan Peninsula in antiquity]. Gjuhësi Ballkanike [Balkan Linguistics] (in Albanian). Academy of Sciences of Albania. ISBN 9789994363001. Hamp, Eric P. (1996). "Varia". Études Celtiques. 32: 87–90. doi:10.3406/ecelt.1996.2087. ISSN 0373-1928.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59: "Che il messapico non appartenga al gruppo linguistico delle lingue italiche (latino-falisco, lingue sabelliche, venetico) risulta chiaramente dello sviluppo diverso di indo-europeo *o conservata nelle lingue italiche, ma mutata in a nel messapico (cfr. la desinenza del nom. sg. dei temi maschili i.-e. *-os nel latino arcaico -os, sabellico -s, venetico -os opposta a messapico -AS, o la desinenza del dat.-abl. pl. i.-e. *-bʰos nel latino arcaico -bos, -bus, osco -fs, -ss, umbro -s, venetico -bos opposta a messapico -bas)." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2005, p. 48; Matzinger 2015, pp. 65–66; Matzinger 2017, p. 1790; Ismajli 2015, pp. 65–68; Trumper 2018, p. 385; Friedman 2020, p. 388. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Matzinger, Joachim (2017). "The Lexicon of Albanian". In Klein, Jared; Joseph, Brian; Fritz, Matthias (eds.). Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics. Vol. 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-054243-1. Ismajli, Rexhep (2015). Eqrem Basha (ed.). Studime për historinë e shqipes në kontekst ballkanik [Studies on the History of Albanian in the Balkan context] (in Albanian). Prishtinë: Kosova Academy of Sciences and Arts, special editions CLII, Section of Linguistics and Literature. Trumper, John (2018). "Some Celto-Albanian isoglosses and their implications". In Grimaldi, Mirko; Lai, Rosangela; Franco, Ludovico; Baldi, Benedetta (eds.). Structuring Variation in Romance Linguistics and Beyond: In Honour of Leonardo M. Savoia. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027263179. Friedman, Victor A. (2020). "The Balkans". In Evangelia Adamou, Yaron Matras (ed.). The Routledge Handbook of Language Contact. Routledge Handbooks in Linguistics. Routledge. pp. 385–403. ISBN 9781351109147.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–63. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, pp. 62–66. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 60: "Per questi motivi lo sviluppo della propria cultura messapica, rispettivamente iapigia è oggi ampiamente considerato come il risultato di una confluenza di tradizioni culturali oltreadriatiche (cioè balcaniche, ma anche micenee in una fase anteriore e poi greco-ellenistiche) con tradizioni culturali locali già esistenti prima di questo nuovo insediamento." Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 59. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matzinger 2015, p. 58. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Orel 1998, p. 7; Matzinger 2005, p. 33; Matzinger 2015, p. 64; Poli 2019, p. 600. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313. Poli, Diego (2019). "Quale significato per il significante ri? Alla ricerca della 'regalità' in Irlanda". In Fiori, Roberto (ed.). Re e popolo: Istituzioni arcaiche tra storia e comparazione. V&R Unipress. pp. 527–602. ISBN 9783847010227.
Orel 1998, p. 25; De Simone 2017, p. 1842; Pisani 1976, p. 69; Matzinger 2005, p. 34; Marchesini 2009, p. 154; Matzinger 2015, p. 64. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-11024-3. Pisani, Vittore (1976). "Gli Illiri in Italia". Iliria (in Italian). 5: 67–73. doi:10.3406/iliri.1976.1213. Matzinger, Joachim (2005). "Messapisch und Albanisch". International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction (in German) (2): 29–54. Marchesini, Simona (2009). Le lingue frammentarie dell'Italia antica: manuale per lo studio delle lingue preromane (in Italian). U. Hoepli. ISBN 978-88-203-4166-4. Matzinger, Joachim (2015). "Messapico e illirico". Idomeneo. 19. University of Salento: 57–66. doi:10.1285/i20380313v19p57. ISSN 2038-0313.
Matasović 1995, p. 96; Demiraj 1997, p. 213; Cortelazzo & Marcato 1998, p. 120; Savić & Ligorio 2022, p. 22. Matasović, Ranko (1995). "Skokove 'ilirske' etimologije". Folia onomastica Croatica (in Croatian) (4): 89–101. Demiraj, Bardhyl (1997). Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz. Leiden Studies in Indo-European (in German). Vol. 7. Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi. Cortelazzo, Manlio; Marcato, Carla (1998). "càrpë". In Manlio Cortelazzo (ed.). I dialetti italiani: dizionario etimologico, Volume 1. UTET. p. 120. ISBN 9788802052113. Savić, Danilo; Ligorio, Orsat (2022). "Illyrian and Slavic". Lucida Intervalla. 51. Beograd: Filozofski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu: 3–41. ISSN 1450-6645.
Hamp 1996, pp. 89–90. Hamp, Eric P. (1996). "Varia". Études Celtiques. 32: 87–90. doi:10.3406/ecelt.1996.2087. ISSN 0373-1928.

Messapic language (English Wikipedia)

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