Metaphor (English Wikipedia)

Ramachandran, V. S. "Radio 4 – Reith Lectures 2003 – The Emerging Mind". BBC. Retrieved 4 March 2012. If you look at our ordinary language, it's replete with synesthetic metaphors, cross-sensory metaphors such as for example if you said cheddar cheese is sharp. [...] So I'm going to argue in fact synesthesia has very broad implications. It might tell you about things like metaphor and how language evolved in the brain, maybe even the emergence of abstract thought that us humans, human beings are very good at.

bmj.com (Global: 1,341^st place; English: 1,425^th place)

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Barker, P. (2000). "Working with the metaphor of life and death". Medical Humanities. 26 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1136/mh.26.2.97. PMID 23670145. S2CID 25309973. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Pierce, Dann L. (2003). "Chapter Five". Rhetorical Criticism and Theory in Practice. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780072500875.
Foss, Sonja K. (1988). Rhetorical Criticism: Exploration and Practice (4 ed.). Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press (published 2009). p. 249. ISBN 9781577665861. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
Way, Eileen Cornell (14 March 2013) [1991]. "The literal and the metaphoric". Knowledge Representation and Metaphor. Studies in Cognitive Systems, volume 7. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 2. ISBN 9789401579414. Retrieved 9 February 2025. [...] the kind of category shifting and concept merging that goes on in metaphor may turn out to be a better clue for how language operates than literal speech. [...] metaphor pervades everyday speech to such an extent that we are rarely aware of its presence .
Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers Shook, John. 2005 p. 2451 Biography of Colin Murray Turbayne on Google Books
"In Other Shoes: Music, Metaphor, Empathy, Existence". Walton, Kendall L. 2015 Oxford University Press New York pp. 175–195 "Chapter 10 Metaphor and Prop Oriented Make-Believe" ISBN 978-0-19-509871-6 on Google Scholar

cambridge.org (Global: 209^th place; English: 151^st place)

Whitman, Jon (April 2020). "Fable and Fact: Judging the Language of Scripture (Judges 9:8–15) from Antiquity to Modernity". Harvard Theological Review. 113 (2): 149–185. doi:10.1017/S0017816020000036. ISSN 0017-8160.
Evans, G. R., ed. (1985), "The literal sense", The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Road to Reformation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 42–50, doi:10.1017/CBO9780511555237.009, ISBN 978-0-521-09293-7, retrieved 5 September 2026{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Evans, G. R., ed. (1985), "The ground rules", The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Road to Reformation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39–41, doi:10.1017/CBO9780511555237.008, ISBN 978-0-521-09293-7, retrieved 5 September 2026{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Searle, John R., ed. (1979), "Metaphor", Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 76–116, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609213.006, ISBN 978-0-521-31393-3, retrieved 29 July 2026

cyberleninka.ru (Global: 527^th place; English: 2,876^th place)

Зибин, Асиль; Халифа, Лама; Алтахайне, Абдель Рахман Митиб (2024). "The role of metaphor in creating polysemy complexes in Jordanian Arabic and American English". Russian Journal of Linguistics. 28 (1): 80–101. ISSN 2312-9182.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Whitman, Jon (April 2020). "Fable and Fact: Judging the Language of Scripture (Judges 9:8–15) from Antiquity to Modernity". Harvard Theological Review. 113 (2): 149–185. doi:10.1017/S0017816020000036. ISSN 0017-8160.
Knight, Alison (15 September 2022), Knight, Alison (ed.), "Figures", The Dark Bible: Cultures of Interpretation in Early Modern England, Oxford University Press, p. 0, doi:10.1093/oso/9780192896322.003.0007, ISBN 978-0-19-289632-2, retrieved 5 September 2026{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Evans, G. R., ed. (1985), "The literal sense", The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Road to Reformation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 42–50, doi:10.1017/CBO9780511555237.009, ISBN 978-0-521-09293-7, retrieved 5 September 2026{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Evans, G. R., ed. (1985), "The ground rules", The Language and Logic of the Bible: The Road to Reformation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39–41, doi:10.1017/CBO9780511555237.008, ISBN 978-0-521-09293-7, retrieved 5 September 2026{{citation}}: CS1 maint: work parameter with ISBN (link)
Searle, John R., ed. (1979), "Metaphor", Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 76–116, doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609213.006, ISBN 978-0-521-31393-3, retrieved 29 July 2026
Barker, P. (2000). "Working with the metaphor of life and death". Medical Humanities. 26 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1136/mh.26.2.97. PMID 23670145. S2CID 25309973. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
Ortony, Andrew (Winter 1975). "Why metaphors are necessary and not just nice". Educational Theory. 25 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1111/j.1741-5446.1975.tb00666.x.
Sato, Manami; Schafer, Amy J.; Bergen, Benjamin K. (2015). "Metaphor priming in sentence production: Concrete pictures affect abstract language production". Acta Psychologica. 156: 136–142. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.09.010. ISSN 0001-6918. PMID 25443987.
Meier, Brian P.; et al. (September 2007). "Failing to take the moral high ground: Psychopathy and the vertical representation of morality". Personality and Individual Differences. 43 (4): 757–767. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.02.001. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
"European Journal of Philosophy - Metaphor and Prop Oriented Make-Believe" Walton, Kendall L.. Vol. 1 No. 1 April 1993 p. 39-57 doi:10.1111/j.1468-0378.1993.tb00023.x Metaphor and prop oriented make Believe on Google.com
Thibodeau, P. H., & Boroditsky, L. (2011). "Metaphors We Think With: The Role of Metaphor in Reasoning". PLoS ONE, 6(2), e16782. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016782
Baranowski, A. M., Blank, R., Maus, K., Tüttenberg, S. C., Matthias, J-K., Culmann, A. C., Radbruch, L., Richter, C., & Geiser, F. (2024). "‘We are all in the same boat’: A qualitative cross-sectional analysis of COVID-19 pandemic imagery in scientific literature and its use for people working in the German healthcare sector". Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.XXXXXX
Hauser, D. J., & Schwarz, N. (2019). "The War on Prevention: Bellicose Cancer Metaphors Hurt (Some) Prevention Intentions". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(10), 1464–1479. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167219832336

google.com (Global: 109^th place; English: 87^th place)

"Mind as Metaphor A Defense of Mental Fictionalism". Toon, Adam. OPU Oxford 2023 ebook ISBN 9780198879671 "Chapter 1 Making Up Minds 1.3 Mind as Metaphor 1.3.1 Metaphor and Make-believe" p. 15–18 Kendall Walton on Google Books

grammarly.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Figurative Language Examples: 6 Common Types and Definitions". Figurative Language Examples: 6 Common Types and Definitions | Grammarly. 14 October 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2024.

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"Zapp Brannigan (Character)". IMDb. Retrieved 21 September 2014.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Hesse, Mary (1966). "Review of The Myth of Metaphor". Foundations of Language. 2 (3): 282–284. JSTOR 25000234.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

Compare: "Definition of METAPHOR". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 29 March 2016. [...] a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them [... .]
"Definition of METAPHOR". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
"Definition of ANTITHESIS". 15 September 2023.
"Definition of HYPERBOLE". 5 September 2023.
"Definition of METONYMY". July 2026.

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"As You Like It: Entire Play". Shakespeare.mit.edu. Retrieved 4 March 2012.

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Barker, P. (2000). "Working with the metaphor of life and death". Medical Humanities. 26 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1136/mh.26.2.97. PMID 23670145. S2CID 25309973. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
Sato, Manami; Schafer, Amy J.; Bergen, Benjamin K. (2015). "Metaphor priming in sentence production: Concrete pictures affect abstract language production". Acta Psychologica. 156: 136–142. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.09.010. ISSN 0001-6918. PMID 25443987.

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"window". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)

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"T he Nietzsche Channel: On Truth and Lie in an Extra-Moral Sense". oregonstate.edu.

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Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2020). Revivalistics: From the Genesis of Israeli to Language Reclamation in Australia and Beyond. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199812790.

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Quiring 2014, p. 1. Quiring, Björn (2014). "Introduction" (PDF). In Quiring, Björn (ed.). 'If Then the World a Theatre Present ...': Revisions of the Theatrum Mundi Metaphor in Early Modern England. Pluralisierung & Autorität. Vol. 32. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 1–24. ISBN 978-3-11-029229-9. ISSN 2076-8281.

protokollezurbibel.at (Global: low place; English: low place)

Burz-Tropper, Veronika (27 June 2017). ""Ich bin die Tür" (Joh 10,7.9). Die Eröffnung neuer Räume durch Jesus (Gott) im Johannesevangelium". Protokolle zur Bibel (in German). 26 (1). ISSN 2412-2467.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Meier, Brian P.; et al. (September 2007). "Failing to take the moral high ground: Psychopathy and the vertical representation of morality". Personality and Individual Differences. 43 (4): 757–767. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.02.001. Retrieved 1 November 2016.

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The University of Rochester Department of Philosophy- Berkley Essay Prize Competition - History of the Prize Colin Turbayne's The Myth of Metaphor on rochester.edu

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Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-05707-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2019.

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Barker, P. (2000). "Working with the metaphor of life and death". Medical Humanities. 26 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1136/mh.26.2.97. PMID 23670145. S2CID 25309973. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.

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"Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Metaphor" Stanford University. August 19, 2011 Revised August 12, 2022. "Section 5 Recent Developments - 5.3 Metaphor and Make Believe". ISSN 1095-5054. Colin Turbayne's "The Myth of Metaphor" See Hills, David, "Metaphor", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2024 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2024/entries/metaphor/>.on plato.stanford.edu
"Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Metaphor" Stanford University, August 19, 2011 Revised August 12, 2022 "Section 5. Recent Developments 5.3 Metaphor and Make Believe" ISSN 1095-5054. Kendall Walton and metaphor - See Hills, David, "Metaphor", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2024 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2024/entries/metaphor/>. on plato.stanford.edu

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"Cut". Sylvia Plath Forum. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
"Sylvia Plath Forum: Home page". www.sylviaplathforum.com. Archived from the original on 12 September 2010.

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μεταφορά Archived 6 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
cdasc3D%2367010 μεταφέρω, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
μετά Archived 29 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
φέρω Archived 12 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

μεταφορά Archived 6 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
μετά Archived 29 March 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
φέρω Archived 12 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus.
Jaynes, Julian (2000) [1976]. The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind (PDF). Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-05707-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
Barker, P. (2000). "Working with the metaphor of life and death". Medical Humanities. 26 (2): 97–102. doi:10.1136/mh.26.2.97. PMID 23670145. S2CID 25309973. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
"Sylvia Plath Forum: Home page". www.sylviaplathforum.com. Archived from the original on 12 September 2010.
McKinnon, AM. (2013). "Ideology and the Market Metaphor in Rational Choice Theory of Religion: A Rhetorical Critique of 'Religious Economies'". Critical Sociology, vol 39, no. 4, pp. 529-543. Archived 12 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine

wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org (Global: 524^th place; English: 218^th place)

"The Wikipedia Library". newspapers.com. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

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"European Journal of Philosophy - Metaphor and Prop Oriented Make-Believe" Walton, Kendall L.. Vol. 1 No. 1 April 1993 p. 39-57 doi:10.1111/j.1468-0378.1993.tb00023.x Metaphor and prop oriented make Believe on Google.com

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

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Whitman, Jon (April 2020). "Fable and Fact: Judging the Language of Scripture (Judges 9:8–15) from Antiquity to Modernity". Harvard Theological Review. 113 (2): 149–185. doi:10.1017/S0017816020000036. ISSN 0017-8160.
Burz-Tropper, Veronika (27 June 2017). ""Ich bin die Tür" (Joh 10,7.9). Die Eröffnung neuer Räume durch Jesus (Gott) im Johannesevangelium". Protokolle zur Bibel (in German). 26 (1). ISSN 2412-2467.
Quiring 2014, p. 1. Quiring, Björn (2014). "Introduction" (PDF). In Quiring, Björn (ed.). 'If Then the World a Theatre Present ...': Revisions of the Theatrum Mundi Metaphor in Early Modern England. Pluralisierung & Autorität. Vol. 32. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 1–24. ISBN 978-3-11-029229-9. ISSN 2076-8281.
Зибин, Асиль; Халифа, Лама; Алтахайне, Абдель Рахман Митиб (2024). "The role of metaphor in creating polysemy complexes in Jordanian Arabic and American English". Russian Journal of Linguistics. 28 (1): 80–101. ISSN 2312-9182.
Sato, Manami; Schafer, Amy J.; Bergen, Benjamin K. (2015). "Metaphor priming in sentence production: Concrete pictures affect abstract language production". Acta Psychologica. 156: 136–142. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.09.010. ISSN 0001-6918. PMID 25443987.

Metaphor (English Wikipedia)

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