Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Military occupation" in English language version.
Today, the widely accepted definition of occupation is 'the effective control of a power (be it one or more states or an international organization, such as the United Nations) over a territory to which that power has no sovereign title, without the volition of the sovereign of that territory'
The significance of the temporary nature of military occupation is that it brings about no change of allegiance. Military government remains an alien government whether of short or long duration, though prolonged occupation may encourage the occupying power to change military occupation into something else, namely annexation
The foundation upon which the entire law of occupation is based is the principle of inalienability of sovereignty through unilateral action of a foreign power, whether through the actual or the threatened use of force, or in any way unauthorized by the sovereign. Effective control by foreign military force can never bring about by itself a valid transfer of sovereignty. Because occupation does not transfer sovereignty over the territory to the occupying power, international law must regulate the inter-relationships between the occupying force, the ousted government, and the local inhabitants for the duration of the occupation. From the principle of inalienable sovereignty over a territory springs the basic structural constraints that international law imposes upon the occupant. The occupying power is thus precluded from annexing the occupied territory or otherwise unilaterally changing its political status; instead, it is bound to respect and maintain the political and other institutions that exist in that territory for the duration of the occupation. The law authorizes the occupant to safeguard its interests while administering the occupied area, but also imposes obligations on the occupant to protect the life and property of the inhabitants and to respect the sovereign interests of the ousted government.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)The conditions that define when occupation begins also identify when it ends. Obviously, occupation can end in a number of ways: with the loss of effective control, namely when the occupant is no longer capable of exercising its authority; through the genuine consent of the sovereign (the ousted government or an indigenous one) by the signing of a peace agreement; or by transferring authority to an indigenous government endorsed by the occupied population through referendum and which has received international recognition.
Although the basic philosophy behind the law of military occupation is that it is a temporary situation, modern occupations have well demonstrated that ‘rien ne dure comme le provisoire’. A significant number of post-1945 occupations have lasted more than two decades, such as the occupations of Namibia by South Africa and of East Timor by Indonesia, as well as the ongoing occupations of Northern Cyprus by Turkey and of Western Sahara by Morocco. The Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories, which is the longest in all occupation's history, has already entered its fifth decade.
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The intended temporary duration of occupation distinguishes it from both annexation and colonialism.
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The intended temporary duration of occupation distinguishes it from both annexation and colonialism.
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The intended temporary duration of occupation distinguishes it from both annexation and colonialism.
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza is the longest military occupation in modern times.
...longest official military occupation of modern history—currently entering its thirty-fifth year
...longest-lasting military occupation of the modern age
This is probably the longest occupation in modern international relations, and it holds a central place in all literature on the law of belligerent occupation since the early 1970s
These are settlements and a military occupation that is the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first century, the longest formerly being the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945. So this is thirty-three years old, pushing the record.
Israel is the only modern state that has held territories under military occupation for over four decades
The intended temporary duration of occupation distinguishes it from both annexation and colonialism.