Millipede (English Wikipedia)

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books.google.com

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Barker, G. M. (2004). "Millipedes (Diplopoda) and Centipedes (Chilopoda) (Myriapoda) as predators of terrestrial gastropods". In Barker, G. M. (ed.). Natural Enemies of Terrestrial Molluscs. CAB International. pp. 405–426. ISBN 978-0-85199-061-3.
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cnn.com

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"Fossil millipede found to be oldest land creature". CNN. Reuters. Jan 27, 2004. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2021.

doe.gov.my

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Minelli, Alessandro; Golovatch, Sergei I. (2001). "Myriapods" (PDF). In Levin, Simon A. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Academic Press. pp. 291–303. ISBN 978-0-12-226865-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-21.

doi.org

Marek, Paul E.; Buzatto, Bruno A.; Shear, William A.; Means, Jackson C.; Black, Dennis G.; Harvey, Mark S.; Rodriguez, Juanita (2021). "The first true millipede—1306 legs long". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 23126. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1123126M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0. PMC 8677783. PMID 34916527.
Shear, W. (2011). "Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais, 1844. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3148: 159–164. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-25. Retrieved 2013-10-14.
Brewer, Michael S.; Sierwald, Petra; Bond, Jason E. (2012). "Millipede taxonomy after 250 years: Classification and taxonomic practices in a mega-diverse yet understudied arthropod group". PLOS ONE. 7 (5): e37240. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...737240B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037240. PMC 3352885. PMID 22615951.
Sierwald, Petra; Bond, Jason E. (2007). "Current status of the myriapod class Diplopoda (Millipedes): Taxonomic diversity and phylogeny". Annual Review of Entomology. 52 (1): 401–420. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.111805.090210. PMID 17163800.
Shear, William A.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2010). "The geological record and phylogeny of the Myriapoda". Arthropod Structure & Development. 39 (2–3): 174–190. Bibcode:2010ArtSD..39..174S. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.11.002. PMID 19944188.
Garwood, Russell; Edgecombe, Gregory (2011). "Early terrestrial animals, evolution and uncertainty". Evolution: Education and Outreach. 4 (3): 489–501. doi:10.1007/s12052-011-0357-y.
Wellman, C.H.; Lopes, G.; McKellar, Z.; Hartley, A. (2023). "Age of the basal 'Lower Old Red Sandstone' Stonehaven Group of Scotland: The oldest reported air-breathing land animal is Silurian (late Wenlock) in age". Journal of the Geological Society. 181. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/jgs2023-138. hdl:2164/22754. ISSN 0016-7649.
Wilson, Heather M.; Anderson, Lyall I. (2004). "Morphology and taxonomy of Paleozoic millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Archipolypoda) from Scotland". Journal of Paleontology. 78 (1): 169–184. Bibcode:2004JPal...78..169W. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0169:MATOPM>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 131201588.
Suarez, Stephanie E.; Brookfield, Michael E.; Catlos, Elizabeth J.; Stöckli, Daniel F. (2017-06-28). "A U-Pb zircon age constraint on the oldest-recorded air-breathing land animal". PLOS ONE. 12 (6): e0179262. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1279262S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179262. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5489152. PMID 28658320.
Brookfield, M. E.; Catlos, E. J.; Garza, H. (2024-07-07). "The oldest 'millipede'-plant association? Age, paleoenvironments and sources of the Silurian lake sediments at Kerrera, Argyll and Bute, Scotland". Historical Biology: 1–13. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2367554. ISSN 0891-2963.
Brookfield, M. E.; Catlos, E. J.; Suarez, S. E. (2021-10-03). "Myriapod divergence times differ between molecular clock and fossil evidence: U/Pb zircon ages of the earliest fossil millipede-bearing sediments and their significance". Historical Biology. 33 (10): 2014–2018. Bibcode:2021HBio...33.2014B. doi:10.1080/08912963.2020.1762593. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 238220137.
Davies, Neil S.; Garwood, Russell J.; McMahon, William J.; Schneider, Joerg W.; Shillito, Anthony P. (2022). "The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)". Journal of the Geological Society. 179 (3). doi:10.1144/jgs2021-115. ISSN 0016-7649.
Shelley, R. M. (2007). "Taxonomy of extant Diplopoda (Millipeds) in the modern era: Perspectives for future advancements and observations on the global diplopod community (Arthropoda: Diplopoda)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1668: 343–362. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1668.1.18. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-12-26. Retrieved 2014-11-11.
Enghoff, H. (1984). "Phylogeny of millipedes – a cladistic analysis". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 22 (1): 8–26. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.1984.tb00559.x.
Wilson, Heather M.; Shear, William A. (2000). "Microdecemplicida, a new order of minute arthropleurideans (Arthropoda: Myriapoda) from the Devonian of New York State, U.S.A". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences. 90 (4): 351–375. doi:10.1017/S0263593300002674. S2CID 129597005.
Brewer, Michael S.; Bond, Jason E. (2013). "Ordinal-level phylogenomics of the arthropod class Diplopoda (Millipedes) based on an analysis of 221 nuclear protein-coding loci generated using next-generation sequence analyses". PLOS ONE. 8 (11): e79935. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...879935B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079935. PMC 3827447. PMID 24236165.
Marek, Paul E.; Buzatto, Bruno A.; Shear, William A.; Means, Jackson C.; Black, Dennis G.; Harvey, Mark S.; Rodriguez, Juanita (2021-12-16). "The first true millipede—1306 legs long". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 23126. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1123126M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8677783. PMID 34916527.
Marek, Paul E.; Moore, Wendy (2015). "Discovery of a glowing millipede in California and the gradual evolution of bioluminescence in Diplopoda". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (20): 6419–6424. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.6419M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1500014112. PMC 4443369. PMID 25941389.
So, Wai Lok; Nong, Wenyan; Xie, Yichun; Baril, Tobias; Ma, Hai-yao; Qu, Zhe; Haimovitz, Jasmine; Swale, Thomas; Gaitan-Espitia, Juan Diego; Lau, Kwok Fai; Tobe, Stephen S.; Bendena, William G.; Kai, Zhen-Peng; Hayward, Alexander; Hui, Jerome H. L. (2022). "Myriapod genomes reveal ancestral horizontal gene transfer and hormonal gene loss in millipedes". Nature Communications. 13 (1): 3010. Bibcode:2022NatCo..13.3010S. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30690-0. PMC 9151784. PMID 35637228.
Marek, P.; Shear, W.; Bond, J. (2012). "A redescription of the leggiest animal, the millipede Illacme plenipes, with notes on its natural history and biogeography (Diplopoda, Siphonophorida, Siphonorhinidae)". ZooKeys (241): 77–112. Bibcode:2012ZooK..241...77M. doi:10.3897/zookeys.241.3831. PMC 3559107. PMID 23372415.
Drago, Leandro; Fusco, Giuseppe; Garollo, Elena; Minelli, Alessandro (2011). "Structural aspects of leg-to-gonopod metamorphosis in male helminthomorph millipedes (Diplopoda)". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 19. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-19. PMC 3170261. PMID 21859471.
Wesener, Thomas; Köhler, Jörn; Fuchs, Stefan; van den Spiegel, Didier (2011). "How to uncoil your partner—"mating songs" in giant pill-millipedes (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida)". Naturwissenschaften. 98 (11): 967–975. Bibcode:2011NW.....98..967W. doi:10.1007/s00114-011-0850-8. PMID 21971844. S2CID 12005617.
Enghoff, Henrik; Akkari, Nesrine (2011). "A callipodidan cocoon (Diplopoda, Callipodida, Schizopetalidae)". International Journal of Myriapodology. 5: 49–53. doi:10.3897/ijm.5.1995.
Adis, Joachim (1986). "An 'aquatic' millipede from a Central Amazonian inundation forest". Oecologia. 68 (3): 347–349. Bibcode:1986Oecol..68..347A. doi:10.1007/BF01036737. PMID 28311777. S2CID 11374324.
Burrows, F. J.; Hales, D. F.; Beattie, A. J. (1994). "Aquatic millipedes in Australia: a biological enigma and a conservation saga". Australian Zoologist. 29 (3–4): 213–216. doi:10.7882/az.1994.007.
Weldon, Paul J.; Cranmore, Catherine F.; Chatfield, Jenifer A. (2006). "Prey-rolling behavior of coatis (Nasua spp.) is elicited by benzoquinones from millipedes". Naturwissenschaften. 93 (1): 14–16. Bibcode:2006NW.....93...14W. doi:10.1007/s00114-005-0064-z. PMID 16391932. S2CID 22200949.
Saporito, R. A.; Donnelly, M. A.; Hoffman, R. L.; Garraffo, H. M.; Daly, J. W. (2003). "A siphonotid millipede (Rhinotus) as the source of spiropyrrolizidine oximes of dendrobatid frogs". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 29 (12): 2781–2786. Bibcode:2003JCEco..29.2781S. doi:10.1023/B:JOEC.0000008065.28364.a0. PMID 14969363. S2CID 4094895. Archived from the original on 2021-03-08. Retrieved 2019-07-07.
Eisner, T.; Eisner, M.; Attygalle, A. B.; Deyrup, M.; Meinwald, J. (1998). "Rendering the inedible edible: circumvention of a millipede's chemical defence by a predaceous beetle larva". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (3): 1108–13. Bibcode:1998PNAS...95.1108E. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.1108. PMC 18689. PMID 9448293.
Ito, F. (1998). "Colony composition and specialised predation on millipedes in the enigmatic ponerine ant genus Probolomyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" (PDF). Insectes Sociaux. 45 (1): 79–83. doi:10.1007/s000400050070. S2CID 22119946. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
Herbert, D. G. (2000). "Dining on diplopods: remarkable feeding behaviour in chlamydephorid slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)". Journal of Zoology. 251 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2000.tb00586.x.
Forgie, Shaun A.; Grebennikov, Vasily V.; Scholtz, Clarke H. (2002). "Revision of Sceliages Westwood, a millipede-eating genus of southern African dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae)". Invertebrate Systematics. 16 (6): 931–955. doi:10.1071/IT01025.
Larsen, T. H; Lopera, A.; Forsyth, A.; Genier, F. (2009). "From coprophagy to predation: a dung beetle that kills millipedes". Biology Letters. 5 (2): 152–155. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0654. PMC 2665820. PMID 19158030.
Forthman, M.; Weirauch, C. (2012). "Toxic associations: a review of the predatory behaviors of millipede assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae)" (PDF). European Journal of Entomology. 109 (2): 147–153. doi:10.14411/eje.2012.019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-14.
Santamaría, Sergi; Enghoff, Henrik; Reboleira, Ana Sofía P.S. (2018). "New species of Troglomyces and Diplopodomyces (Laboulbeniales, Ascomycota) from millipedes (Diplopoda)". European Journal of Taxonomy (429). doi:10.5852/ejt.2018.429.
Blum, Murray S.; Woodring, J. Porter (1962). "Secretion of benzaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide by the millipede Pachydesmus crassicutis (Wood)". Science. 138 (3539): 512–513. Bibcode:1962Sci...138..512B. doi:10.1126/science.138.3539.512. PMID 17753947. S2CID 40193390.
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Wood, William F. (1974). "Toluquinone and 2-Methoxy-3-methylbenzoquinone from the Defensive Secretions of Three African Millipedes". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 67 (6): 988–989. doi:10.1093/aesa/67.6.988.
Wood, William F.; Shepherd, Julian; Chong, Berni; Meinwald, Jerrold (1975). "Ubiquinone-0 in the defensive spray of an African Millipede". Nature. 253 (5493): 625–626. doi:10.1038/253625a0. PMID 1113850. S2CID 4195891.
Wood, William F.; Hanke, Frederick J.; Kubo, Isao; Carroll, Jennifer A.; Crews, Phillip (2000). "Buzonamine, a new alkaloid from the defensive secretion of the millipede, Buzonium crassipes". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 28 (4): 305–312. Bibcode:2000BioSE..28..305W. doi:10.1016/s0305-1978(99)00068-x. PMID 10725589.
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Eisner, Thomas; Eisner, Maria; Deyrup, Mark (1996). "Millipede defense: use of detachable bristles to entangle ants". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93 (20): 10848–10851. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9310848E. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.20.10848. PMC 38244. PMID 8855269.
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eje.cz

Forthman, M.; Weirauch, C. (2012). "Toxic associations: a review of the predatory behaviors of millipede assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae)" (PDF). European Journal of Entomology. 109 (2): 147–153. doi:10.14411/eje.2012.019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-14.

emporia.edu

Shelley, Rowland M. (1999). "Centipedes and millipedes with emphasis on North American fauna". The Kansas School Naturalist. 45 (3): 1–16. Archived from the original on 2016-11-12. Retrieved 2013-10-14.

en-academic.com

etymology.en-academic.com

"Millipede".

etymonline.com

"Millipede | Etymology of millipede by etymonline".

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Wellman, C.H.; Lopes, G.; McKellar, Z.; Hartley, A. (2023). "Age of the basal 'Lower Old Red Sandstone' Stonehaven Group of Scotland: The oldest reported air-breathing land animal is Silurian (late Wenlock) in age". Journal of the Geological Society. 181. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/jgs2023-138. hdl:2164/22754. ISSN 0016-7649.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Marek, Paul E.; Buzatto, Bruno A.; Shear, William A.; Means, Jackson C.; Black, Dennis G.; Harvey, Mark S.; Rodriguez, Juanita (2021). "The first true millipede—1306 legs long". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 23126. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1123126M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0. PMC 8677783. PMID 34916527.
Brewer, Michael S.; Sierwald, Petra; Bond, Jason E. (2012). "Millipede taxonomy after 250 years: Classification and taxonomic practices in a mega-diverse yet understudied arthropod group". PLOS ONE. 7 (5): e37240. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...737240B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037240. PMC 3352885. PMID 22615951.
Shear, William A.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2010). "The geological record and phylogeny of the Myriapoda". Arthropod Structure & Development. 39 (2–3): 174–190. Bibcode:2010ArtSD..39..174S. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.11.002. PMID 19944188.
Wilson, Heather M.; Anderson, Lyall I. (2004). "Morphology and taxonomy of Paleozoic millipedes (Diplopoda: Chilognatha: Archipolypoda) from Scotland". Journal of Paleontology. 78 (1): 169–184. Bibcode:2004JPal...78..169W. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0169:MATOPM>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 131201588.
Suarez, Stephanie E.; Brookfield, Michael E.; Catlos, Elizabeth J.; Stöckli, Daniel F. (2017-06-28). "A U-Pb zircon age constraint on the oldest-recorded air-breathing land animal". PLOS ONE. 12 (6): e0179262. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1279262S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179262. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5489152. PMID 28658320.
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Brewer, Michael S.; Bond, Jason E. (2013). "Ordinal-level phylogenomics of the arthropod class Diplopoda (Millipedes) based on an analysis of 221 nuclear protein-coding loci generated using next-generation sequence analyses". PLOS ONE. 8 (11): e79935. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...879935B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079935. PMC 3827447. PMID 24236165.
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Marek, Paul E.; Buzatto, Bruno A.; Shear, William A.; Means, Jackson C.; Black, Dennis G.; Harvey, Mark S.; Rodriguez, Juanita (2021). "The first true millipede—1306 legs long". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 23126. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1123126M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02447-0. PMC 8677783. PMID 34916527.
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Marek, P.; Shear, W.; Bond, J. (2012). "A redescription of the leggiest animal, the millipede Illacme plenipes, with notes on its natural history and biogeography (Diplopoda, Siphonophorida, Siphonorhinidae)". ZooKeys (241): 77–112. Bibcode:2012ZooK..241...77M. doi:10.3897/zookeys.241.3831. PMC 3559107. PMID 23372415.
Drago, Leandro; Fusco, Giuseppe; Garollo, Elena; Minelli, Alessandro (2011). "Structural aspects of leg-to-gonopod metamorphosis in male helminthomorph millipedes (Diplopoda)". Frontiers in Zoology. 8 (1): 19. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-8-19. PMC 3170261. PMID 21859471.
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