Ming dynasty (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Ming dynasty" in English language version.

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Lane (2019). Lane, Kris (30 July 2019). "Potosí: the mountain of silver that was the first global city". Aeon. Retrieved 4 August 2019.

amazon.com

Tsai (1996), excerpt. Tsai, Shih-shan Henry (1996). The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-2687-6.

archive.org

For the lower population estimate, see (Fairbank & Goldman 2006:128); for the higher, see (Ebrey 1999:197). Fairbank, John King; Goldman, Merle (2006), China: A New History (2nd ed.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-01828-0. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 271. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Gascoigne (2003), p. 150. Gascoigne, Bamber (2003), The Dynasties of China: A History, New York: Carroll & Graf, ISBN 978-0-7867-1219-9.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 190–191. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Gascoigne (2003), p. 151. Gascoigne, Bamber (2003), The Dynasties of China: A History, New York: Carroll & Graf, ISBN 978-0-7867-1219-9.
Ebrey (1999), p. 191. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 192–193. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 197. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 227. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 272. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey (1999), p. 194. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 273. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey (1999), p. 208. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 194–195. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 96. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 145–146. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 198–202. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 200. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 198. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 199. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), pp. 104–105. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey (1999), pp. 202–203. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 201. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 212. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 282. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 281. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), pp. 281–282. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey, Walthall & Palais (2006), p. 283. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, ISBN 978-0-618-13384-0.
Ebrey (1999), p. 158. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 213. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Ebrey (1999), p. 206. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.
Hopkins (2002), p. 110: "Inoculation had been a popular folk practice ... in all, some fifty texts on the treatment of smallpox are known to have been published in China during the Ming dynasty." Hopkins, Donald R. (2002). The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-35168-1.
Ebrey (1999), p. 195. Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-66991-7.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

BBC News (2004). "Tsunami among world's worst disasters". BBC News. 30 December 2004. Retrieved 26 March 2021.

books.google.com

Dillon (1999), p. 34. Dillon, Michael (1999). China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement and sects. Richmond: Curzon Press. ISBN 978-0-7007-1026-3. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
The Ming Biographical Dictionary (1976), p. 23 Goodrich, Luther Carrington (1976). Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-03833-1.
Swope, Kenneth M. (29 April 2013). A Dragon's Head and a Serpent's Tail: Ming China and the First Great East Asian War, 1592-1598. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806185026.
Swope (2011), p. 122–125. Swope, Kenneth M. (2011). "6 To catch a tiger The Eupression of the Yang Yinglong Miao uprising (1578–1600) as a case study in Ming military and borderlands history". In Aung-Thwin, Michael Arthur; Hall, Kenneth R. (eds.). New Perspectives on the History and Historiography of Southeast Asia: Continuing Explorations. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-81964-3.
Xie (2013), p. 118–120. Xie, Xiaohui (2013). "5 From Woman's Fertility to Masculine Authority: The Story of the White Emperor Heavenly Kings in Western Hunan". In Faure, David; Ho, Ts'ui-p'ing (eds.). Chieftains into Ancestors: Imperial Expansion and Indigenous Society in Southwest China (illustrated ed.). UBC Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-2371-5.
Herman (2007), p. 164, 165, 281. Herman, John E. (2007). Amid the Clouds and Mist: China's Colonization of Guizhou, 1200–1700 (illustrated ed.). Harvard University Asia Center. ISBN 978-0-674-02591-2.
Ness (1998), p. 139–140. Ness, John Philip (1998). The Southwestern Frontier During the Ming Dynasty (PhD thesis). University of Minnesota.
Mote (2003), p. 602–606. Mote, Frederick W. (2003). Imperial China, 900–1800. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01212-7.

dictionary.com

Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. "Definition of Ming". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

doi.org

Taagepera (1997), p. 500 Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
Zhang (2008), pp. 148–175 Zhang, Wenxian (2008). "The Yellow Register Archives of Imperial Ming China". Libraries & the Cultural Record. 43 (2): 148–175. doi:10.1353/lac.0.0016. JSTOR 25549473. S2CID 201773710.
Crawford (1961), p. 115–148 Crawford, Robert B. (1961). "Eunuch Power in the Ming Dynasty". T'oung Pao. 49 (3): 115–148. doi:10.1163/156853262X00057. JSTOR 4527509.
Wang (2011), p. 101–144. Wang, Yuan-kang (2011). "The Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)". Harmony and War: Confucian Culture and Chinese Power Politics. Columbia University Press. doi:10.7312/wang15140. ISBN 978-0-231-15140-5. JSTOR 10.7312/wang15140.
Robinson (2000), p. 527. ——— (2000), "Banditry and the Subversion of State Authority in China: The Capital Region during the Middle Ming Period (1450–1525)", Journal of Social History, 33 (3): 527–563, doi:10.1353/jsh.2000.0035, S2CID 144496554.
Atwell (2002), p. 84. Atwell, William S. (2002), "Time, Money, and the Weather: Ming China and the 'Great Depression' of the Mid-Fifteenth Century", The Journal of Asian Studies, 61 (1): 83–113, doi:10.2307/2700190, JSTOR 2700190.
Sen, Tansen (2016). "The impact of Zheng He's expeditions on Indian Ocean interactions". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 79 (3). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 609–636. doi:10.1017/s0041977x16001038. ISSN 0041-977X.
Robinson (1999), p. 83. ——— (1999), "Politics, Force and Ethnicity in Ming China: Mongols and the Abortive Coup of 1461", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 59 (1): 79–123, doi:10.2307/2652684, JSTOR 2652684.
Robinson (1999), pp. 84–85. ——— (1999), "Politics, Force and Ethnicity in Ming China: Mongols and the Abortive Coup of 1461", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 59 (1): 79–123, doi:10.2307/2652684, JSTOR 2652684.
Robinson (1999), pp. 79, 101–08. ——— (1999), "Politics, Force and Ethnicity in Ming China: Mongols and the Abortive Coup of 1461", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 59 (1): 79–123, doi:10.2307/2652684, JSTOR 2652684.
Hucker (1958), p. 31. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 11. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Chen (2016), p. 27–47. Chen, Gilbert (2 July 2016). "Castration and Connection: Kinship Organization among Ming Eunuchs". Ming Studies. 2016 (74): 27–47. doi:10.1080/0147037X.2016.1179552. S2CID 152169027.
Robinson (1995), p. 1–16. Robinson, David M. (1995). "Notes on Eunuchs in Hebei During the Mid-Ming Period". Ming Studies. 1995 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1179/014703795788763645.
Atwell (2005), p. 467–489. ——— (2005). "Another Look at Silver Imports into China, ca. 1635–1644". Journal of World History. 16 (4): 467–489. doi:10.1353/jwh.2006.0013. JSTOR 20079347. S2CID 162090282.
Dennerline (1985), p. 824–25. Dennerline, Jerry P. (1985). "The Southern Ming, 1644–1662. By Lynn A. Struve". The Journal of Asian Studies. 44 (4): 824–825. doi:10.2307/2056469. JSTOR 2056469. S2CID 162510092.
Yuan (1994), pp. 193–194. Yuan, Zheng (1994), "Local Government Schools in Sung China: A Reassessment", History of Education Quarterly, 34 (2): 193–213, doi:10.2307/369121, JSTOR 369121, S2CID 144538656.
Hartwell (1982), pp. 397–398. Hartwell, Robert M. (1982), "Demographic, Political, and Social Transformations of China, 750–1550", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 42 (2): 365–442, doi:10.2307/2718941, JSTOR 2718941.
Hucker (1958), p. 5. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 28. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 16. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 23. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 29–30. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 30. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 31–32. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 32. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 33. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 33–35. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 35. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 36. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 24. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 25. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 11, 25. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 25–26. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 26. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 12. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 11–14. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 15–17, 26. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Elman (1991), p. 7–28. Elman, Benjamin A. (1991). "Political, Social, and Cultural Reproduction via Civil Service Examinations in Late Imperial China" (PDF). The Journal of Asian Studies. 50 (1): 7–28. doi:10.2307/2057472. JSTOR 2057472. OCLC 2057472. S2CID 154406547. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2022.
Hucker (1958), p. 18. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 18–19. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 24–25. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 8. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), p. 19. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Hucker (1958), pp. 19–20. Hucker, Charles O. (1958), "Governmental Organization of The Ming Dynasty", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 21: 1–66, doi:10.2307/2718619, JSTOR 2718619.
Robinson (1999), pp. 116–117. ——— (1999), "Politics, Force and Ethnicity in Ming China: Mongols and the Abortive Coup of 1461", Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 59 (1): 79–123, doi:10.2307/2652684, JSTOR 2652684.
Hargett (1985), p. 69. Hargett, James M. (1985), "Some Preliminary Remarks on the Travel Records of the Song Dynasty (960–1279)", Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews, 7 (1/2): 67–93, doi:10.2307/495194, JSTOR 495194.
Hagras, Hamada (20 December 2019). "The Ming Court as Patron of the Chinese Islamic Architecture: The Case Study of the Daxuexi Mosque in Xi'an". SHEDET (6): 134–158. doi:10.36816/shedet.006.08. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
Wong (1963), pp. 30–32. Wong, H.C. (1963), "China's Opposition to Western Science during Late Ming and Early Ch'ing", Isis, 54 (1): 29–49, doi:10.1086/349663, S2CID 144136313.
Schafer (1956), p. 57. Schafer, Edward H. (1956), "The Development of Bathing Customs in Ancient and Medieval China and the History of the Floriate Clear Palace", Journal of the American Oriental Society, 76 (2): 57–82, doi:10.2307/595074, JSTOR 595074.
Wong (1963), p. 31, footnote 1. Wong, H.C. (1963), "China's Opposition to Western Science during Late Ming and Early Ch'ing", Isis, 54 (1): 29–49, doi:10.1086/349663, S2CID 144136313.
Peterson (1986), p. 47. Peterson, Willard J. (1986). "Calendar Reform Prior to the Arrival of Missionaries at the Ming Court". Ming Studies. 1986 (1): 45–61. doi:10.1179/014703786788764194.
Kuttner (1975), p. 166. Kuttner, Fritz A. (1975), "Prince Chu Tsai-Yü's Life and Work: A Re-Evaluation of His Contribution to Equal Temperament Theory" (PDF), Ethnomusicology, 19 (2): 163–206, doi:10.2307/850355, JSTOR 850355, S2CID 160016226, archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2020.
Kuttner (1975), pp. 166–167. Kuttner, Fritz A. (1975), "Prince Chu Tsai-Yü's Life and Work: A Re-Evaluation of His Contribution to Equal Temperament Theory" (PDF), Ethnomusicology, 19 (2): 163–206, doi:10.2307/850355, JSTOR 850355, S2CID 160016226, archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2020.
Atwell (2002), p. 86. Atwell, William S. (2002), "Time, Money, and the Weather: Ming China and the 'Great Depression' of the Mid-Fifteenth Century", The Journal of Asian Studies, 61 (1): 83–113, doi:10.2307/2700190, JSTOR 2700190.

eh.net

Broadberry (2014). Broadberry, Stephen (2014). "China, Europe and the Great Divergence: a Study in National Accounting, 980–1850" (PDF). Economic History Association. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2020.

escholarship.org

Taagepera (1997), p. 500 Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.

fayoum.edu.eg

Hagras, Hamada (20 December 2019). "The Ming Court as Patron of the Chinese Islamic Architecture: The Case Study of the Daxuexi Mosque in Xi'an". SHEDET (6): 134–158. doi:10.36816/shedet.006.08. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2021.

ghostarchive.org

Elman (1991), p. 7–28. Elman, Benjamin A. (1991). "Political, Social, and Cultural Reproduction via Civil Service Examinations in Late Imperial China" (PDF). The Journal of Asian Studies. 50 (1): 7–28. doi:10.2307/2057472. JSTOR 2057472. OCLC 2057472. S2CID 154406547. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2022.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Needham (1959), p. 524. Needham, Joseph (1959), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth, Cambridge University Press, Bibcode:1959scc3.book.....N.
Needham (1959), pp. 444–445. Needham, Joseph (1959), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth, Cambridge University Press, Bibcode:1959scc3.book.....N.
Needham (1959), pp. 444–447. Needham, Joseph (1959), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth, Cambridge University Press, Bibcode:1959scc3.book.....N.
Needham (1959), p. 110. Needham, Joseph (1959), Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and the Earth, Cambridge University Press, Bibcode:1959scc3.book.....N.

islamicpopulation.com

Leslie (1998), p. 15. Leslie, Donald D. (1998). "The Integration of Religious Minorities in China: The Case of Chinese Muslims" (PDF). www.islamicpopulation.com. The 59th George E. Morrison Lecture in Ethnology. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2010. Retrieved 26 March 2021.

jstor.org

Taagepera (1997), p. 500 Taagepera, Rein (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.
Zhang (2008), pp. 148–175 Zhang, Wenxian (2008). "The Yellow Register Archives of Imperial Ming China". Libraries & the Cultural Record. 43 (2): 148–175. doi:10.1353/lac.0.0016. JSTOR 25549473. S2CID 201773710.
Crawford (1961), p. 115–148 Crawford, Robert B. (1961). "Eunuch Power in the Ming Dynasty". T'oung Pao. 49 (3): 115–148. doi:10.1163/156853262X00057. JSTOR 4527509.
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