Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (English Wikipedia)

Korbel, Jonathan; Preckel, Claudia (2016). "Ghulām Aḥmad al-Qādiyānī: The Messiah of the Christians—Peace upon Him—in India (India, 1908)". In Bentlage, Björn; Eggert, Marion; Krämer, Hans-Martin; Reichmuth, Stefan (eds.). Religious Dynamics under the Impact of Imperialism and Colonialism. Numen Book Series. Vol. 154. Leiden: Brill Publishers. pp. 426–442. doi:10.1163/9789004329003_034. ISBN 978-90-04-32511-1.
Khan 2015, p. 21. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
"Faith and Thought" Vol. 37. The Victoria Institute, Great Britain. Original from the University of Michigan, p. 242.
Khan 2015, p. 22. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Khan 2015, p. 23. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Simon Ross Valentine. Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice Columbia University Press, 2008, p. 42. "Following the death of his father in 1876 Ahmad claimed to receive visions and revelations. 'In short', he declared, 'about forty years of my life were spent under the care of my revered father. Just as he was taken from the world, I started receiving Divine revelations with great intensity'. Having commenced receiving revelations at roughly the same age as the prophet Muhammad himself, Ahmad described his experiences in similar terms to the revelations received by the Prophet."
Khan 2015, p. 38–39. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Ahmad, Hazrat Mirza Ghulam (2004). Tawdhi-i-Marām (1891). Islam International. ISBN 9781853727429. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
Khan 2015, p. 42. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Yohanan Friedmann. Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and its Medieval Background Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 121. "The affinity between the two can also be shown in the framework of Ghulām Aḥmad's prophetology. Muḥammad and Moses were similar to each other because they initiated the two prophetic chains; Jesus and Ghulām Aḥmad complete the divine scheme of things by terminating them. They must therefore also be similar. They resemble each other both in the circumstances of their appearance and in the nature of their prophetic mission. Both appeared when their respective communities were subject to foreign rule: the Jews under the Romans, and the Indian Muslims under the British. The religious conditions prevailing in their communities were also similar. The Jews were described in the Quran (1:7) as "those who earned [divine] wrath" (al-maghḍūb 'alayhim) by their lack of religiosity and by rejecting the message of Jesus. Most Muslims of Ghulām Aḥmad's time can be described in similar terms: their spirituality is lost, and only rituals remain of their religion. Furthermore, they rejected Ghulām Aḥmad in the same way that the Jews had rejected Jesus. In addition to these similar circumstances, Ghulām Aḥmad's message resembles that of Jesus in two important characteristics: he does not advocate jihād, and does not bring a new law, but strives rather to implement the sharī'a promulgated by his predecessor in the prophetic office. And to make the affinity between the two chains total, Ghulām Aḥmad is spiritually greater than Jesus in the same way that Muḥammad was greater than Moses."
Friedmann 2003, pp. 174–175. Friedmann, Yohanan (2003). Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-566252-0.
Valentine, Simon Ross (2008). Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jamaʻat: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-231-70094-8.
Khan 2015, p. 6. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Brannon Ingram, 'Ahmadi Muslim Americans' in E. E. Curtis. Encyclopedia of Muslim-American History Infobase Publishing, 2010, p. 32.
Francis Robinson.‘The British Empire and the Muslim World' in Judith Brown, Roger Louis (ed) The Oxford History of the British Empire: Volume IV: The Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 411. "At their most extreme religious strategies for dealing with the Christian presence might involve attacking Christian revelation at its heart, as did the Punjabi Muslim, Ghulam Ahmad (d. 1908), who founded the Ahmadiyya missionary sect. He claimed that he was the messiah of the Jewish and Muslim tradition; the figure known as Jesus of Nazareth had not died on the cross but survived to die in Kashmir."
Yohanan Friedmann. Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and its Medieval Background Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 114. "He [Ghulam Ahmad] realized the centrality of the crucifixion and of the doctrine of vicarious atonement in the Christian dogma, and understood that his attack on these two was an attack on the innermost core of Christianity."
Kambiz GhaneaBassiri. A History of Islam in America: From the New World to the New World Order Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 208. "Ghulam Ahmad denied the historicity of Jesus' crucifixion and claimed that Jesus had fled to India where he died a natural death in Kashmir. In this way, he sought to neutralize Christian soteriologies of Christ and to demonstrate the superior rationality of Islam."
Khan 2015, p. 47. Khan, Adil Hussain (2015). From Sufism to Ahmadiyya: A Muslim Minority Movement in South Asia. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-01529-7.
Leirvik, Oddbjørn (2010). Images of Jesus Christ in Islam: 2nd Edition. Continuum. pp. 146–8. ISBN 978-1-4411-7739-1.
Zahniser, A. H. Mathias (2008). The Mission and Death of Jesus in Islam and Christianity. Orbis Books. pp. 61–2. ISBN 978-1-57075-807-2.
Ayoub, Mahmoud; Omar, Irfan A. (2010). Muslim View Of Christianity: Essays on Dialogue by Mahmoud Ayoub. Logos Press. pp. 172–3. ISBN 978-81-7268-197-5.
Friedmann 2003, p. 132. Friedmann, Yohanan (2003). Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-566252-0.
Friedmann 2003, pp. 147–153. Friedmann, Yohanan (2003). Prophecy Continuous: Aspects of Ahmadi Religious Thought and Its Medieval Background. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-566252-0.
Simon Ross Valentine (2008). Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice. Columbia University Press. pp. 56–7. ISBN 9781850659167. Retrieved 25 August 2014.
See:
- Breach of Faith. Human Rights Watch. June 2005. p. 8. Retrieved 29 March 2014. Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate.
- Jocelyne Cesari (2014). The Awakening of Muslim Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-107-04418-0. When applying for a passport, every Pakistani Muslim must sign a statement deriding Ahmad and denouncing his followers as non-Muslims.