Molten-salt battery (English Wikipedia)

Phan, An L; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Le, Phung ML; Zhang, Jiaxun; Nan, Bo; Zhang, Weiran; Lucht, Brett L; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Chunsheng (August 2023). "Solvent‐Free Electrolyte for High‐Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries". Advanced Functional Materials. 33 (34). doi:10.1002/adfm.202301177. hdl:1903/30697. ISSN 1616-301X.
Vu, Minh Canh; Mirmira, Priyadarshini; Gomes, Reginaldo J.; Ma, Peiyuan; Doyle, Emily S.; Srinivasan, Hrishikesh S.; Amanchukwu, Chibueze V. (December 2023). "Low melting alkali-based molten salt electrolytes for solvent-free lithium-metal batteries". Matter. 6 (12): 4357–4375. doi:10.1016/j.matt.2023.10.017. ISSN 2590-2385.
Ding, Yu; Guo, Xuelin; Yu, Guihua (26 August 2020). "Next-Generation Liquid Metal Batteries Based on the Chemistry of Fusible Alloys". ACS Central Science. 6 (8): 1355–1366. doi:10.1021/acscentsci.0c00749. PMC 7453561. PMID 32875076. Intermediate and room-temperature liquid metal batteries, circumventing complex thermal management as well as issues related to sealing and corrosion, are emerging as a novel energy system for widespread implementation
Koenig, A.A; Rasmussen, J.R (1990). "Development of a high specific power sodium sulfur cell". Proceedings of the 34th International Power Sources Symposium. pp. 30–33. doi:10.1109/IPSS.1990.145783. ISBN 978-0-87942-604-0. S2CID 111022668.
Landis, Geoffrey A; Harrison, Rachel (2010). "Batteries for Venus Surface Operation". Journal of Propulsion and Power. 26 (4): 649–654. doi:10.2514/1.41886.
Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Meinhardt, Kerry D.; Chang, Hee Jung; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L. (11 February 2016). "Advanced intermediate temperature sodium–nickel chloride batteries with ultra-high energy density". Nature Communications. 7: 10683. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710683L. doi:10.1038/ncomms10683. PMC 4753253. PMID 26864635.
Sudworth, J.L. (August 1994). "Zebra batteries". Journal of Power Sources. 51 (1–2): 105–114. Bibcode:1994JPS....51..105S. doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)01967-3.
Shukla, A. K.; Martha, S. K. (July 2001). "Electrochemical power sources". Resonance. 6 (7): 52–63. doi:10.1007/BF02835270. S2CID 109869429.
Ellis, Brian L.; Nazar, Linda F. (2012). "Sodium and sodium-ion energy storage batteries" (PDF). Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 16 (4): 168–177. Bibcode:2012COSSM..16..168E. doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2012.04.002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2014-12-06.
Jung, Keeyoung (ORCID:0000000233322335); Chang, Hee-Jung; Bonnett, Jeffery F.; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Li, Guosheng (June 14, 2018). "An advanced Na-NiCl2 battery using bi-layer (dense/micro-porous) β"-alumina solid-state electrolytes". Journal of Power Sources. 396 (C). doi:10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2018.06.039. S2CID 102547122 – via www.osti.gov.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Lu, Xiaochuan; Li, Guosheng; Kim, Jin Y.; Mei, Donghai; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Liu, Jun (1 August 2014). "Liquid-metal electrode to enable ultra-low temperature sodium–beta alumina batteries for renewable energy storage". Nature Communications. 5 (1): 4578. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.4578L. doi:10.1038/ncomms5578. PMID 25081362.
Kim, Hojong; Boysen, Dane A; Newhouse, Jocelyn M; Spatocco, Brian L; Chung, Brice; Burke, Paul J; Bradwell, David J; Jiang, Kai; Tomaszowska, Alina A; Wang, Kangli; Wei, Weifeng; Ortiz, Luis A; Barriga, Salvador A; Poizeau, Sophie M; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Liquid Metal Batteries: Past, Present, and Future". Chemical Reviews. 113 (3): 2075–2099. doi:10.1021/cr300205k. PMID 23186356. ("Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2021-09-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link))
Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Sirk, Aislinn H. C; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Magnesium–Antimony Liquid Metal Battery for Stationary Energy Storage" (PDF). Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (4): 1895–1897. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.1667. doi:10.1021/ja209759s. PMID 22224420.
Wang, Kangli; Jiang, Kai; Chung, Brice; Ouchi, Takanari; Burke, Paul J; Boysen, Dane A; Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Muecke, Ulrich; Sadoway, Donald R (2014). "Lithium–antimony–lead liquid metal battery for grid-level energy storage". Nature. 514 (7522): 348–350. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..348W. doi:10.1038/nature13700. PMID 25252975. S2CID 848147.
Kim, Junsoo; Shin, Donghyeok; Jung, Youngjae; Hwang, Soo Min; Song, Taeseup; Kim, Youngsik; Paik, Ungyu (2018). "Li Cl-LiI molten salt electrolyte with bismuth-lead positive electrode for liquid metal battery". Journal of Power Sources. 377: 87–92. Bibcode:2018JPS...377...87K. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.081.
Giffin, Guinevere A. (August 30, 2016). "Ionic liquid-based electrolytes for "beyond lithium" battery technologies". Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 4 (35): 13378–13389. doi:10.1039/C6TA05260F – via pubs.rsc.org.
Koch, E.-C. (2019). "Special Materials in Pyrotechnics, VII: Pyrotechnics used in thermal batteries". Def. Tech. 15 (3): 254–263. doi:10.1016/j.dt.2019.02.004.

energystoragenews.com

"GE to Manufacture Molten Salt Sodium Nickel Chloride Batteries for Stationary Electricity Storage Applications".

espacenet.com

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evworld.com

William Tahil, Research Director (December 2006). "The Trouble with Lithium, Implications of Future PHEV Production for Lithium Demand" (PDF). Meridian International Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-28.

freepatentsonline.com

"Isotope heated deferred action thermal batteries – Catalyst Research Corporation". Freepatentsonline.com. Retrieved 2012-04-24.

fzsonick.com

"THE SALT BATTERY". www.fzsonick.com. Archived from the original on December 4, 2013.

global-sei.com

Koji NITTA; Shinji INAZAWA; Shoichiro SAKAI; Atsushi FUKUNAGA; Eiko ITANI; Kouma NUMATA; Rika HAGIWARA & Toshiyuki NOHIRA (April 2013). "Development of Molten Salt Electrolyte Battery" (PDF). SEI TECHNICAL REVIEW.

greencarcongress.com

"GE Launches Durathon Sodium–Metal Halide Battery for UPS Market". Green Car Congress. 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
"Sumitomo considering marketing new lower-temperature molten-salt electrolyte battery to automakers for EVs and hybrids". Green Car Congress. 2011-11-11. Retrieved 2012-04-24.

greentechmedia.com

"GE Reboots Its Storage Business With a Lithium-Ion Battery and Downstream Services". 2015-04-28.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Phan, An L; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Le, Phung ML; Zhang, Jiaxun; Nan, Bo; Zhang, Weiran; Lucht, Brett L; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Chunsheng (August 2023). "Solvent‐Free Electrolyte for High‐Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries". Advanced Functional Materials. 33 (34). doi:10.1002/adfm.202301177. hdl:1903/30697. ISSN 1616-301X.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Meinhardt, Kerry D.; Chang, Hee Jung; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L. (11 February 2016). "Advanced intermediate temperature sodium–nickel chloride batteries with ultra-high energy density". Nature Communications. 7: 10683. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710683L. doi:10.1038/ncomms10683. PMC 4753253. PMID 26864635.
Sudworth, J.L. (August 1994). "Zebra batteries". Journal of Power Sources. 51 (1–2): 105–114. Bibcode:1994JPS....51..105S. doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)01967-3.
Ellis, Brian L.; Nazar, Linda F. (2012). "Sodium and sodium-ion energy storage batteries" (PDF). Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 16 (4): 168–177. Bibcode:2012COSSM..16..168E. doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2012.04.002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2014-12-06.
Lu, Xiaochuan; Li, Guosheng; Kim, Jin Y.; Mei, Donghai; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Liu, Jun (1 August 2014). "Liquid-metal electrode to enable ultra-low temperature sodium–beta alumina batteries for renewable energy storage". Nature Communications. 5 (1): 4578. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.4578L. doi:10.1038/ncomms5578. PMID 25081362.
Wang, Kangli; Jiang, Kai; Chung, Brice; Ouchi, Takanari; Burke, Paul J; Boysen, Dane A; Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Muecke, Ulrich; Sadoway, Donald R (2014). "Lithium–antimony–lead liquid metal battery for grid-level energy storage". Nature. 514 (7522): 348–350. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..348W. doi:10.1038/nature13700. PMID 25252975. S2CID 848147.
Kim, Junsoo; Shin, Donghyeok; Jung, Youngjae; Hwang, Soo Min; Song, Taeseup; Kim, Youngsik; Paik, Ungyu (2018). "Li Cl-LiI molten salt electrolyte with bismuth-lead positive electrode for liquid metal battery". Journal of Power Sources. 377: 87–92. Bibcode:2018JPS...377...87K. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.081.

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

T.M. O'Sullivan, C.M. Bingham, and R.E. Clark, "Zebra battery technologies for all electric smart car", International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM 2006, IEEE, 23–26 May 2006. Retrieved 12 June 2018

inel.gov

avt.inel.gov

"Idaho National Labs spec sheet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-29. Retrieved 2011-11-11.

innov.energy

Innovenergy, SRF Report on "Salt Batteries" (in German). innov.energy.de. Retrieved 4 February 2022.

meridian-int-res.com

7.6 The Sodium Nickel Chloride "Zebra" Battery, Meridian International Research, 2006, p. 104-112. Accessed 2 August 2017.

mit.edu

sadoway.mit.edu

Kim, Hojong; Boysen, Dane A; Newhouse, Jocelyn M; Spatocco, Brian L; Chung, Brice; Burke, Paul J; Bradwell, David J; Jiang, Kai; Tomaszowska, Alina A; Wang, Kangli; Wei, Weifeng; Ortiz, Luis A; Barriga, Salvador A; Poizeau, Sophie M; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Liquid Metal Batteries: Past, Present, and Future". Chemical Reviews. 113 (3): 2075–2099. doi:10.1021/cr300205k. PMID 23186356. ("Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2021-09-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link))
Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Sirk, Aislinn H. C; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Magnesium–Antimony Liquid Metal Battery for Stationary Energy Storage" (PDF). Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (4): 1895–1897. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.1667. doi:10.1021/ja209759s. PMID 22224420.

web.mit.edu

David L. Chandler, MIT News Office (19 November 2009). "Liquid battery big enough for the electric grid?". MIT News.

naval-technology.com

"EaglePicher – Batteries and Energetic Devices". Naval Technology. 2011-06-15. Retrieved 2012-04-24.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ding, Yu; Guo, Xuelin; Yu, Guihua (26 August 2020). "Next-Generation Liquid Metal Batteries Based on the Chemistry of Fusible Alloys". ACS Central Science. 6 (8): 1355–1366. doi:10.1021/acscentsci.0c00749. PMC 7453561. PMID 32875076. Intermediate and room-temperature liquid metal batteries, circumventing complex thermal management as well as issues related to sealing and corrosion, are emerging as a novel energy system for widespread implementation
Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Meinhardt, Kerry D.; Chang, Hee Jung; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L. (11 February 2016). "Advanced intermediate temperature sodium–nickel chloride batteries with ultra-high energy density". Nature Communications. 7: 10683. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710683L. doi:10.1038/ncomms10683. PMC 4753253. PMID 26864635.
Lu, Xiaochuan; Li, Guosheng; Kim, Jin Y.; Mei, Donghai; Lemmon, John P.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Liu, Jun (1 August 2014). "Liquid-metal electrode to enable ultra-low temperature sodium–beta alumina batteries for renewable energy storage". Nature Communications. 5 (1): 4578. Bibcode:2014NatCo...5.4578L. doi:10.1038/ncomms5578. PMID 25081362.
Kim, Hojong; Boysen, Dane A; Newhouse, Jocelyn M; Spatocco, Brian L; Chung, Brice; Burke, Paul J; Bradwell, David J; Jiang, Kai; Tomaszowska, Alina A; Wang, Kangli; Wei, Weifeng; Ortiz, Luis A; Barriga, Salvador A; Poizeau, Sophie M; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Liquid Metal Batteries: Past, Present, and Future". Chemical Reviews. 113 (3): 2075–2099. doi:10.1021/cr300205k. PMID 23186356. ("Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2021-09-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link))
Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Sirk, Aislinn H. C; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Magnesium–Antimony Liquid Metal Battery for Stationary Energy Storage" (PDF). Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (4): 1895–1897. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.1667. doi:10.1021/ja209759s. PMID 22224420.
Wang, Kangli; Jiang, Kai; Chung, Brice; Ouchi, Takanari; Burke, Paul J; Boysen, Dane A; Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Muecke, Ulrich; Sadoway, Donald R (2014). "Lithium–antimony–lead liquid metal battery for grid-level energy storage". Nature. 514 (7522): 348–350. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..348W. doi:10.1038/nature13700. PMID 25252975. S2CID 848147.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ding, Yu; Guo, Xuelin; Yu, Guihua (26 August 2020). "Next-Generation Liquid Metal Batteries Based on the Chemistry of Fusible Alloys". ACS Central Science. 6 (8): 1355–1366. doi:10.1021/acscentsci.0c00749. PMC 7453561. PMID 32875076. Intermediate and room-temperature liquid metal batteries, circumventing complex thermal management as well as issues related to sealing and corrosion, are emerging as a novel energy system for widespread implementation
Li, Guosheng; Lu, Xiaochuan; Kim, Jin Y.; Meinhardt, Kerry D.; Chang, Hee Jung; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L. (11 February 2016). "Advanced intermediate temperature sodium–nickel chloride batteries with ultra-high energy density". Nature Communications. 7: 10683. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710683L. doi:10.1038/ncomms10683. PMC 4753253. PMID 26864635.

osti.gov

Jung, Keeyoung (ORCID:0000000233322335); Chang, Hee-Jung; Bonnett, Jeffery F.; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Li, Guosheng (June 14, 2018). "An advanced Na-NiCl2 battery using bi-layer (dense/micro-porous) β"-alumina solid-state electrolytes". Journal of Power Sources. 396 (C). doi:10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2018.06.039. S2CID 102547122 – via www.osti.gov.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Sirk, Aislinn H. C; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Magnesium–Antimony Liquid Metal Battery for Stationary Energy Storage" (PDF). Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (4): 1895–1897. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.646.1667. doi:10.1021/ja209759s. PMID 22224420.

rsc.org

pubs.rsc.org

Giffin, Guinevere A. (August 30, 2016). "Ionic liquid-based electrolytes for "beyond lithium" battery technologies". Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 4 (35): 13378–13389. doi:10.1039/C6TA05260F – via pubs.rsc.org.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Koenig, A.A; Rasmussen, J.R (1990). "Development of a high specific power sodium sulfur cell". Proceedings of the 34th International Power Sources Symposium. pp. 30–33. doi:10.1109/IPSS.1990.145783. ISBN 978-0-87942-604-0. S2CID 111022668.
Shukla, A. K.; Martha, S. K. (July 2001). "Electrochemical power sources". Resonance. 6 (7): 52–63. doi:10.1007/BF02835270. S2CID 109869429.
Jung, Keeyoung (ORCID:0000000233322335); Chang, Hee-Jung; Bonnett, Jeffery F.; Canfield, Nathan L.; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Li, Guosheng (June 14, 2018). "An advanced Na-NiCl2 battery using bi-layer (dense/micro-porous) β"-alumina solid-state electrolytes". Journal of Power Sources. 396 (C). doi:10.1016/J.JPOWSOUR.2018.06.039. S2CID 102547122 – via www.osti.gov.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Wang, Kangli; Jiang, Kai; Chung, Brice; Ouchi, Takanari; Burke, Paul J; Boysen, Dane A; Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Muecke, Ulrich; Sadoway, Donald R (2014). "Lithium–antimony–lead liquid metal battery for grid-level energy storage". Nature. 514 (7522): 348–350. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..348W. doi:10.1038/nature13700. PMID 25252975. S2CID 848147.

think.no

"Think Global web site". Archived from the original on August 19, 2009.

uwaterloo.ca

science.uwaterloo.ca

Ellis, Brian L.; Nazar, Linda F. (2012). "Sodium and sodium-ion energy storage batteries" (PDF). Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 16 (4): 168–177. Bibcode:2012COSSM..16..168E. doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2012.04.002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2014-12-06.

web.archive.org

William Tahil, Research Director (December 2006). "The Trouble with Lithium, Implications of Future PHEV Production for Lithium Demand" (PDF). Meridian International Research. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-28.
Ellis, Brian L.; Nazar, Linda F. (2012). "Sodium and sodium-ion energy storage batteries" (PDF). Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science. 16 (4): 168–177. Bibcode:2012COSSM..16..168E. doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2012.04.002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2014-12-06.
"Think Global web site". Archived from the original on August 19, 2009.
"Idaho National Labs spec sheet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-29. Retrieved 2011-11-11.
Kim, Hojong; Boysen, Dane A; Newhouse, Jocelyn M; Spatocco, Brian L; Chung, Brice; Burke, Paul J; Bradwell, David J; Jiang, Kai; Tomaszowska, Alina A; Wang, Kangli; Wei, Weifeng; Ortiz, Luis A; Barriga, Salvador A; Poizeau, Sophie M; Sadoway, Donald R (2012). "Liquid Metal Batteries: Past, Present, and Future". Chemical Reviews. 113 (3): 2075–2099. doi:10.1021/cr300205k. PMID 23186356. ("Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-22. Retrieved 2021-09-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link))

wiley.com

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Phan, An L; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Le, Phung ML; Zhang, Jiaxun; Nan, Bo; Zhang, Weiran; Lucht, Brett L; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Chunsheng (August 2023). "Solvent‐Free Electrolyte for High‐Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries". Advanced Functional Materials. 33 (34). doi:10.1002/adfm.202301177. hdl:1903/30697. ISSN 1616-301X.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Phan, An L; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Le, Phung ML; Zhang, Jiaxun; Nan, Bo; Zhang, Weiran; Lucht, Brett L; Hou, Singyuk; Wang, Chunsheng (August 2023). "Solvent‐Free Electrolyte for High‐Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries". Advanced Functional Materials. 33 (34). doi:10.1002/adfm.202301177. hdl:1903/30697. ISSN 1616-301X.
Vu, Minh Canh; Mirmira, Priyadarshini; Gomes, Reginaldo J.; Ma, Peiyuan; Doyle, Emily S.; Srinivasan, Hrishikesh S.; Amanchukwu, Chibueze V. (December 2023). "Low melting alkali-based molten salt electrolytes for solvent-free lithium-metal batteries". Matter. 6 (12): 4357–4375. doi:10.1016/j.matt.2023.10.017. ISSN 2590-2385.

youtube.com

Always/Never: The Quest for Safety, Control, and Survivability - Part 2, retrieved 2022-09-22

zenodo.org

Wang, Kangli; Jiang, Kai; Chung, Brice; Ouchi, Takanari; Burke, Paul J; Boysen, Dane A; Bradwell, David J; Kim, Hojong; Muecke, Ulrich; Sadoway, Donald R (2014). "Lithium–antimony–lead liquid metal battery for grid-level energy storage". Nature. 514 (7522): 348–350. Bibcode:2014Natur.514..348W. doi:10.1038/nature13700. PMID 25252975. S2CID 848147.