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Sinor, Denis (April 1995). "Western Information on the Kitans and Some Related Questions". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 115 (2): 262–269. doi:10.2307/604669. JSTOR604669.
Halperin, Charles J. (2000). "The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 63 (2): 229–245. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00007205. JSTOR1559539. S2CID162439703.
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Howorth, H. H. (1870). "On the Westerly Drifting of Nomades, from the Fifth to the Nineteenth Century. Part III. The Comans and Petchenegs". The Journal of the Ethnological Society of London. 2 (1): 83–95. JSTOR3014440.
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Smith, John Masson (1998). "Nomads on Ponies vs. Slaves on Horses". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 118 (1): 54–62. doi:10.2307/606298. JSTOR606298.
Halperin, Charles J. (2000). "The Kipchak Connection: The Ilkhans, the Mamluks and Ayn Jalut". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 63 (2): 229–245. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00007205. JSTOR1559539. S2CID162439703.
Werner, Jayne; Whitmore, John K.; Dutton, George (21 August 2012). Sources of Vietnamese Tradition. Columbia University Press. ISBN9780231511100. Archived from the original on 1 January 2024. Retrieved 1 November 2020 – via Google Books.