Muhammad Iqbal (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Muhammad Iqbal" in English language version.
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academia.edu (Global: 121st place; English: 142nd place)
amu-in.academia.edu
- Parray, Tauseef Ahmad. Democracy in Islam: The Views of Several Modern Muslim Scholars. Amu-In Academia.Edu. p. 143. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
alisl.am (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Khutbat e Noor, page 477
allamaiqbal.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Iqbal in years". Archived from the original (PHP) on 11 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
- "Allama Iqbal – Biography". Iqbal Academy. 26 May 2006. Archived from the original (PHP) on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
- "Allama Muhammad Iqbal". www.allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2004.
- "Iqbal and Pakistan Movement". Allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
- Official website, Allama Iqbal Academy. "Asrar-e-Khudi". Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2006.
- "1". www.allamaiqbal.com.
- "Introduction "Zarb i Kalim"". Iqbal Academy Pakistan. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- Review, Iqbal (1985). "American, West European and Soviet Attitudes to Iqbal" (PHP). Retrieved 16 February 2012.
apnaorg.com (Global: low place; English: 8,449th place)
- Harjap Singh Aujla, Khurshid Anwar, a prince among the music directors of the sub-continent and his exploits in British and Independent India, Khurshid Anwar Biography, Academy of Punjab in North America website, Retrieved 29 September 2015
app.com.pk (Global: low place; English: 8,727th place)
- Ahmad Ali, Dr. Saeed (2023). "Realms of spiritual thought: Iqbal's concept of selfhood 'Khudi' encompassing youth's ideology".
archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)
- Sud, Kider Nath (1969). Iqbal and His Poems; A Reappraisal. Delhi: Sterling Publishers. p. 41.
- Jalal, Ayesha (2000). Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850. Routledge. p. 565. ISBN 978-0-415-22078-1.
books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)
- Jalal, Ayesha (4 January 2002). Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850. Routledge. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-134-59937-0.
A Muslim, an Indian and a Punjabi of Kashmiri ancestry, all at the same time, Iqbal's own individuality and sense of community was shaped in equal measure by these multiple affiliations.
- Gandhi, Rajmohan (1 January 1986). Eight Lives: A Study of the Hindu-Muslim Encounter. State University of New York Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-88706-196-7.
Leg-pulling, innocent naughtiness and hearty laughter were the marks, and religion almost always the subject, of Iqbal's conversation, which was mostly in Punjabi or in an Urdu with a natural Punjabi accent.
- Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012). The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-139-53639-4.
- Schimmel, Annemarie (1962). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. pp. 34–45.
- Sharma, Jai Narain (2008). Encyclopædia of eminent thinkers, volume 17. Concept Publishing Company. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7022-684-0.
- Taneja, V.R; Taneja, S. (2004). Educational thinkers. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 151. ISBN 81-7156-112-8.
- Samiuddin, Abida (2007). Encyclopaedic dictionary of Urdu literature (2 Vols. Set). Global Vision Publishing House. p. 304. ISBN 978-81-8220-191-0.
- Mir, Mustansir (1990). Tulip in the desert: A selection of the poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. London: c.Hurts and Company, Publishers Ltd. p. 2. ISBN 978-967-5-06267-4.
- Jackso, Roy (2006). Fifty key figures in Islam. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-415-35467-7.
- Schimmel, Annemarie (1963). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. p. 39.
- Schimmel, Annemarie (1962). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. p. 55.
- Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012), The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India, Cambridge University Press, pp. 14–, ISBN 978-1-107-00886-1,
Iqbal was elected to the Punjab Legislative Council in 1927 and held various posts both in the All-India Muslim League and the Punjab Provincial Muslim League.
- Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012), The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India, Cambridge University Press, pp. 14–, ISBN 978-1-107-00886-1,
In 1930, he presided over the meeting of the All-India Muslim League in Allahabad. It was here that he delivered his famous address in which he outlined his vision of a cultural and political framework that would ensure the fullest development of the Muslims of India.
- Sirriyeh, Elizabeth (21 October 1998). Sufis and Anti-Sufis: The Defense, Rethinking and Rejection of Sufism in the modern world. University of Leeds, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-7007-1060-7.
- Anjum 2014, p. 134. Anjum, Zafar (2014). Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician. Random House India. ISBN 9788184006568.
- Anjum 2014, p. 286-289. Anjum, Zafar (2014). Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician. Random House India. ISBN 9788184006568.
- Sevea, Iqbal Singh (25 March 2011). The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-53639-4. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- Khamenei, Ali; Shariati, Ali; Sharīʻatī, ʻalī (25 March 2011). Iqbal: Manifestation of the Islamic Spirit. ABC International. ISBN 978-1-871031-20-1. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
- Kiernan, V.G. (2013). Poems from Iqbal: Renderings in English Verse with Comparative Urdu Text. Oxford University Press and Iqbal Academy Pakistan. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN 978-0-19-906616-2. Quote: "In Urdu, Iqbal is allowed to have been far the greatest poet of this century, and by most critics to be the only equal of Ghalib (1797–1869). ... the Urdu poems, addressed to a real and familiar audience close at hand, have the merit of being direct, spontaneous utterances on tangible subjects. (p. xiii)"
- Anjum, Zafar (13 October 2014), Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician, Random House, pp. 16–, ISBN 978-81-8400-656-8,
Responding to this call, he published a collection of Urdu poems, Bal-e-Jibril (The Wings of Gabriel) in 1935 and Zarb-e Kalim (The Stroke of the Rod of Moses) in 1936. Through this, Iqbal achieved the status of the greatest Urdu poet in the twentieth century.
- Robinson, Francis (1996), The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, Cambridge University Press, pp. 283–, ISBN 978-0-521-66993-1,
In India, the ghazal and mathnawi forms were adapted in Urdu to express new social and ideological concerns, beginning in the work of the poet Altaf Husayn Hali (1837–1914) and continuing in the poetry of Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938). In the poetry of Iqbal, which he wrote in Persian, to speak to a wider Muslim audience, as well as Urdu, a memory of the past achievements of Islam is combined with a plea for reform. He is considered the greatest Urdu poet of the twentieth century.
- Kiernan, V.G. (2013). Poems from Iqbal: Renderings in English Verse with Comparative Urdu Text. Oxford University Press and Iqbal Academy Pakistan. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN 978-0-19-906616-2. Quote: "In Persian, ... he published six volumes of mainly long poems between 1915 and 1936, ... more or less complete works on philosophical themes" (p. xiii)"
- Iqbal, Sir Muhammad; Zakaria, Rafiq (1981), Shikwa and Jawab-i-shikwa (in English and Urdu), translated by Singh, Khushwant, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-561324-7,
"Iqbal it is true, is essentially a poet of Islam" (from the foreword by Rafiq Zakaria, p. 9)
- Embree, Ainslie Thomas; Hay, Stephen N.; Bary, William Theodore De (1988), Sources of Indian Tradition: Modern India and Pakistan, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0-231-06414-9,
Sir Syed Ahmed had brought rationalism and the desire for knowledge and progress to the Indian Muslims; Muhammad Iqbal brought them inspiration and philosophy. Next to the Quran, there is no single influence upon the consciousness of the Pakistani intelligentsia so powerful as Iqbal's poetry. In his own time, it kindled the enthusiasm of Muslim intellectuals for the values of Islam and rallied the Muslim community once again to the banner of their faith. For this reason, Iqbal is looked upon today as the spiritual founder of Pakistan.
- Iqbal, Muhammad (2008). The Secrets of the Self. LULU Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4099-0959-0.
- Ali Sardar Jafri. Bharatiya Jnanpith. 2001. p. 204. ISBN 978-81-263-0671-8.
- Organiser. Vol. 51. Bharat Prakashan. 1999. p. 13.
brightpk.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- "Allama Iqbal – The Great Poet And Philosopher". Bright PK.com. 15 February 2012. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
britannica.com (Global: 40th place; English: 58th place)
- McDonough, Sheila D (5 November 2020), Muhammad Iqbal, Encyclopedia Britannica, retrieved 7 February 2021,
He is considered the greatest poet in Urdu of the 20th century
bzu.edu.pk (Global: low place; English: low place)
jorurdu.bzu.edu.pk
- Malik, Dr Nadeem Shafique (31 December 2001). "GLOBAL APPRECIATION OF ALLAMA IQBAL". Journal of Research (Languages and Islamic Studies). 1 (1): 47–56.
creativecommons.org (Global: 1,010th place; English: 612th place)
- Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581.
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
cri.cn (Global: 2,251st place; English: 3,825th place)
chinaplus.cri.cn
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dailypakistan.com.pk (Global: 4,471st place; English: 2,395th place)
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dailytimes.com.pk (Global: 1,625th place; English: 890th place)
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dawn.com (Global: 354th place; English: 207th place)
dawn.com
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archives.dawn.com
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doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)
- "Fyzee, Atiya [married name Atiya Fyzee-Rahamin; known as Atiya Begum, and Shahinda] (1877–1967), author, social reformer, and patron of the arts | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/102457. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1. Retrieved 18 February 2019. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
- Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.
- Azad, Hasan (2014). "Reconstructing the Muslim Self: Muhammad Iqbal, Khudi, and the Modern Self". Islamophobia Studies Journal. 2 (2): 14–28. doi:10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014. JSTOR 10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014.
egyptindependent.com (Global: 7,218th place; English: 5,082nd place)
- "Pakistani Embassy celebrates poet Muhammad Iqbal's anniversary". Egypt Independent. 11 November 2014.
encyclopedia.com (Global: 462nd place; English: 345th place)
- Lelyveld, David (2004), "Muhammad Iqbal", in Martin, Richard C. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World: A-L, Macmillan, p. 356, ISBN 978-0-02-865604-5,
Muhammad Iqbal, South Asian poet and ideological innovator, wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian and discursive prose, primarily in English, of particular significance in the formulation of a national ethos for Pakistan.
goethezeitportal.de (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Bhatti, Anil (28 June 2006). "Iqbal and Goethe" (PDF). Yearbook of the Goethe Society of India. Retrieved 28 June 2006.
handle.net (Global: 102nd place; English: 76th place)
hdl.handle.net
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ilmkidunya.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Javaid Manzil last residence of Allama Iqbal looking for visitors By M Abid Ayub Archived 26 August 2011 at Wikiwix. Ilmkidunya.com. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
indiancine.ma (Global: 3,012th place; English: 1,721st place)
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indiatimes.com (Global: 17th place; English: 15th place)
timesofindia.indiatimes.com
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iqbal.com.pk (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Mushtaq, Faraz. "Life of Allama Iqbal". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
- Mushtaq, Faraz. "Time line". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
jmi.ac.in (Global: low place; English: low place)
jstor.org (Global: 26th place; English: 20th place)
- Azad, Hasan (2014). "Reconstructing the Muslim Self: Muhammad Iqbal, Khudi, and the Modern Self". Islamophobia Studies Journal. 2 (2): 14–28. doi:10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014. JSTOR 10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014.
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khamenei.de (Global: low place; English: low place)
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h-net.msu.edu
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nation.com.pk (Global: 2,180th place; English: 1,189th place)
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- "Iqbal's Punjabi poetry put on display". The Nation. 5 October 2016. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
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newageweekly.com (Global: low place; English: low place)
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pakistantoday.com.pk (Global: 3,473rd place; English: 1,863rd place)
- Sharif, Imran (21 April 2011). "Allama Iqbal's 73rd death anniversary observed with reverence". Pakistan Today. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
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preston.edu.pk (Global: low place; English: low place)
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qantara.de (Global: low place; English: 9,021st place)
en.qantara.de
- Popp, Stephan (6 May 2010). "Muhammad Iqbal". Archived from the original on 26 March 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
riffathassan.info (Global: low place; English: low place)
- Riffat Hassan, "Iqbal's Ancestry and Date of Birth" Archived 8 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine in The Pakistan Review, Volume 17 (1969), p. 5
saudigazette.com.sa (Global: 5,190th place; English: 3,667th place)
- Fedele, Roberta (31 July 2013). "From grandfather to grandson: The legacy of Mohammed Iqbal". Saudi Gazette. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
scholarsworld.net (Global: low place; English: low place)
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scribd.com (Global: 482nd place; English: 552nd place)
- This document contains both interventions from Prof. Dharampal-Frick and Mrs. Al Sanyoura Baasiri- Gita Dharampal-Frick – (South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg). Orient Institut.Org. pp. 5–12. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)
api.semanticscholar.org
- Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.
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tribune.com.pk
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blogs.tribune.com.pk
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uchicago.edu (Global: 230th place; English: 214th place)
dsal.uchicago.edu
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uni-heidelberg.de (Global: 1,681st place; English: 2,023rd place)
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web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)
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- Riffat Hassan, "Iqbal's Ancestry and Date of Birth" Archived 8 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine in The Pakistan Review, Volume 17 (1969), p. 5
- Mushtaq, Faraz. "Time line". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
- "Iqbal in years". Archived from the original (PHP) on 11 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
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- "Allama Iqbal – Biography". Iqbal Academy. 26 May 2006. Archived from the original (PHP) on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
- "Allama Muhammad Iqbal". www.allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2004.
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- "Urdu Articles and Books". Tolueislam.com. Archived from the original on 8 February 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
- Official website, Allama Iqbal Academy. "Asrar-e-Khudi". Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2006.
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- Yahya, MD (2013). "Traditions of Patriotism in Urdu Poetry: A Critical Study with Special Reference to the Poet of the East Allama Iqbal and His Poetry" (PDF). Journal of Contemporary Research. 1 (2). ISSN 2319-5789. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2015.
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wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org (Global: low place; English: low place)
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wikiwix.com (Global: 194th place; English: 643rd place)
archive.wikiwix.com
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worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)
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- Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.
- Möller, Ulrika (2014). Political leadership, nascent statehood and democracy : a comparative study. Isabell Schierenbeck (1. publ ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-71096-1. OCLC 884937068.
- Yahya, MD (2013). "Traditions of Patriotism in Urdu Poetry: A Critical Study with Special Reference to the Poet of the East Allama Iqbal and His Poetry" (PDF). Journal of Contemporary Research. 1 (2). ISSN 2319-5789. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2015.