Muhammad Iqbal (English Wikipedia)

"Iqbal in years". Archived from the original (PHP) on 11 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
"Allama Iqbal – Biography". Iqbal Academy. 26 May 2006. Archived from the original (PHP) on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
"Allama Muhammad Iqbal". www.allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2004.
"Iqbal and Pakistan Movement". Allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
Official website, Allama Iqbal Academy. "Asrar-e-Khudi". Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2006.
"1". www.allamaiqbal.com.
"Introduction "Zarb i Kalim"". Iqbal Academy Pakistan. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
Review, Iqbal (1985). "American, West European and Soviet Attitudes to Iqbal" (PHP). Retrieved 16 February 2012.

apnaorg.com

Harjap Singh Aujla, Khurshid Anwar, a prince among the music directors of the sub-continent and his exploits in British and Independent India, Khurshid Anwar Biography, Academy of Punjab in North America website, Retrieved 29 September 2015

app.com.pk

Ahmad Ali, Dr. Saeed (2023). "Realms of spiritual thought: Iqbal's concept of selfhood 'Khudi' encompassing youth's ideology".

archive.org

Sud, Kider Nath (1969). Iqbal and His Poems; A Reappraisal. Delhi: Sterling Publishers. p. 41.
Jalal, Ayesha (2000). Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850. Routledge. p. 565. ISBN 978-0-415-22078-1.

books.google.com

Iqbal, Sir Muhammad; Zakaria, Rafiq (1981), Shikwa and Jawab-i-shikwa (in English and Urdu), translated by Singh, Khushwant, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-561324-7, "Iqbal it is true, is essentially a poet of Islam" (from the foreword by Rafiq Zakaria, p. 9)
Kiernan, V.G. (2013). Poems from Iqbal: Renderings in English Verse with Comparative Urdu Text. Oxford University Press and Iqbal Academy Pakistan. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN 978-0-19-906616-2. Quote: "In Persian, ... he published six volumes of mainly long poems between 1915 and 1936, ... more or less complete works on philosophical themes" (p. xiii)"
Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012), The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India, Cambridge University Press, pp. 14–, ISBN 978-1-107-00886-1, Iqbal was elected to the Punjab Legislative Council in 1927 and held various posts both in the All-India Muslim League and the Punjab Provincial Muslim League.
Kiernan, V.G. (2013). Poems from Iqbal: Renderings in English Verse with Comparative Urdu Text. Oxford University Press and Iqbal Academy Pakistan. pp. xi–xiii. ISBN 978-0-19-906616-2. Quote: "In Urdu, Iqbal is allowed to have been far the greatest poet of this century, and by most critics to be the only equal of Ghalib (1797–1869). ... the Urdu poems, addressed to a real and familiar audience close at hand, have the merit of being direct, spontaneous utterances on tangible subjects. (p. xiii)"
Anjum, Zafar (13 October 2014), Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician, Random House, pp. 16–, ISBN 978-81-8400-656-8, Responding to this call, he published a collection of Urdu poems, Bal-e-Jibril (The Wings of Gabriel) in 1935 and Zarb-e Kalim (The Stroke of the Rod of Moses) in 1936. Through this, Iqbal achieved the status of the greatest Urdu poet in the twentieth century.
Robinson, Francis (1996), The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, Cambridge University Press, pp. 283–, ISBN 978-0-521-66993-1, In India, the ghazal and mathnawi forms were adapted in Urdu to express new social and ideological concerns, beginning in the work of the poet Altaf Husayn Hali (1837–1914) and continuing in the poetry of Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938). In the poetry of Iqbal, which he wrote in Persian, to speak to a wider Muslim audience, as well as Urdu, a memory of the past achievements of Islam is combined with a plea for reform. He is considered the greatest Urdu poet of the twentieth century.
Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012), The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India, Cambridge University Press, pp. 14–, ISBN 978-1-107-00886-1, In 1930, he presided over the meeting of the All-India Muslim League in Allahabad. It was here that he delivered his famous address in which he outlined his vision of a cultural and political framework that would ensure the fullest development of the Muslims of India.
Embree, Ainslie Thomas; Hay, Stephen N.; Bary, William Theodore De (1988), Sources of Indian Tradition: Modern India and Pakistan, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0-231-06414-9, Sir Syed Ahmed had brought rationalism and the desire for knowledge and progress to the Indian Muslims; Muhammad Iqbal brought them inspiration and philosophy. Next to the Quran, there is no single influence upon the consciousness of the Pakistani intelligentsia so powerful as Iqbal's poetry. In his own time, it kindled the enthusiasm of Muslim intellectuals for the values of Islam and rallied the Muslim community once again to the banner of their faith. For this reason, Iqbal is looked upon today as the spiritual founder of Pakistan.
Jalal, Ayesha (4 January 2002). Self and Sovereignty: Individual and Community in South Asian Islam Since 1850. Routledge. p. 166. ISBN 978-1-134-59937-0. A Muslim, an Indian and a Punjabi of Kashmiri ancestry, all at the same time, Iqbal's own individuality and sense of community was shaped in equal measure by these multiple affiliations.
Gandhi, Rajmohan (1 January 1986). Eight Lives: A Study of the Hindu-Muslim Encounter. State University of New York Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-88706-196-7. Leg-pulling, innocent naughtiness and hearty laughter were the marks, and religion almost always the subject, of Iqbal's conversation, which was mostly in Punjabi or in an Urdu with a natural Punjabi accent.
Sevea, Iqbal Singh (2012). The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-139-53639-4.
Schimmel, Annemarie (1962). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. pp. 34–45.
Sharma, Jai Narain (2008). Encyclopædia of eminent thinkers, volume 17. Concept Publishing Company. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7022-684-0.
Taneja, V.R; Taneja, S. (2004). Educational thinkers. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 151. ISBN 81-7156-112-8.
Samiuddin, Abida (2007). Encyclopaedic dictionary of Urdu literature (2 Vols. Set). Global Vision Publishing House. p. 304. ISBN 978-81-8220-191-0.
Mir, Mustansir (1990). Tulip in the desert: A selection of the poetry of Muhammad Iqbal. London: c.Hurts and Company, Publishers Ltd. p. 2. ISBN 978-967-5-06267-4.
Jackso, Roy (2006). Fifty key figures in Islam. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-415-35467-7.
Schimmel, Annemarie (1963). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. p. 39.
Schimmel, Annemarie (1962). Gabriel's Wing: a study of the religious ideas of Sir Muhammad Iqbal. Brill Archive. p. 55.
Sirriyeh, Elizabeth (21 October 1998). Sufis and Anti-Sufis: The Defense, Rethinking and Rejection of Sufism in the modern world. University of Leeds, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 136. ISBN 978-0-7007-1060-7.
Anjum 2014, p. 134. Anjum, Zafar (2014). Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician. Random House India. ISBN 9788184006568.
Anjum 2014, p. 286-289. Anjum, Zafar (2014). Iqbal: The Life of a Poet, Philosopher and Politician. Random House India. ISBN 9788184006568.
Sevea, Iqbal Singh (25 March 2011). The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-53639-4. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
Khamenei, Ali; Shariati, Ali; Sharīʻatī, ʻalī (25 March 2011). Iqbal: Manifestation of the Islamic Spirit. ABC International. ISBN 978-1-871031-20-1. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
Iqbal, Muhammad (2008). The Secrets of the Self. LULU Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-1-4099-0959-0.
Ali Sardar Jafri. Bharatiya Jnanpith. 2001. p. 204. ISBN 978-81-263-0671-8.
Organiser. Vol. 51. Bharat Prakashan. 1999. p. 13.

brightpk.com

"Allama Iqbal – The Great Poet And Philosopher". Bright PK.com. 15 February 2012. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.

britannica.com

McDonough, Sheila D (5 November 2020), Muhammad Iqbal, Encyclopedia Britannica, retrieved 7 February 2021, He is considered the greatest poet in Urdu of the 20th century

creativecommons.org

Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

cri.cn

chinaplus.cri.cn

"Flight operation partially resumed at Pakistan's Lahore airport". Xinhua / CRI News. 3 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.

dailypakistan.com.pk

"قانون دان اقبال کی دریافت". Daily Pakistan. 3 April 2014.

dailytimes.com.pk

"Cam Diary: Oxford remembers the Cam man". Daily Times. 28 May 2003. Archived from the original on 6 May 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2010.

dawn.com

"New research on Iqbal". Dawn. 10 November 2003. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
"Iqbal and the Iranians Iqbal". Nasir Riaz. 25 March 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2014.

archives.dawn.com

"Feature: Allama Iqbal—the spiritual father of Pakistan". Daily Dawn. 8 November 2003. Retrieved 13 August 2012.

doi.org

Azad, Hasan (2014). "Reconstructing the Muslim Self: Muhammad Iqbal, Khudi, and the Modern Self". Islamophobia Studies Journal. 2 (2): 14–28. doi:10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014. JSTOR 10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014.
"Fyzee, Atiya [married name Atiya Fyzee-Rahamin; known as Atiya Begum, and Shahinda] (1877–1967), author, social reformer, and patron of the arts | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/102457. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1. Retrieved 18 February 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.

egyptindependent.com

"Pakistani Embassy celebrates poet Muhammad Iqbal's anniversary". Egypt Independent. 11 November 2014.

encyclopedia.com

Lelyveld, David (2004), "Muhammad Iqbal", in Martin, Richard C. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World: A-L, Macmillan, p. 356, ISBN 978-0-02-865604-5, Muhammad Iqbal, South Asian poet and ideological innovator, wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian and discursive prose, primarily in English, of particular significance in the formulation of a national ethos for Pakistan.

goethezeitportal.de

Bhatti, Anil (28 June 2006). "Iqbal and Goethe" (PDF). Yearbook of the Goethe Society of India. Retrieved 28 June 2006.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.

ilmkidunya.com

Javaid Manzil last residence of Allama Iqbal looking for visitors By M Abid Ayub Archived 26 August 2011 at Wikiwix. Ilmkidunya.com. Retrieved 30 October 2011.

indiancine.ma

"Dr Mohammad Iqbal (1978)". Indiancine.ma.

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

TNN (30 May 2015), "'Happy that Iqbal is revered here'", The Times of India. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
Mir Ayoob Ali Khan (7 June 2015). "Remembering Iqbal and his sare jahan se achcha | Hyderabad News – Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

iqbal.com.pk

Mushtaq, Faraz. "Life of Allama Iqbal". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
Mushtaq, Faraz. "Time line". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.

jmi.ac.in

"Profile of Jamia Millia Islamia – History – Historical Note".

jstor.org

Azad, Hasan (2014). "Reconstructing the Muslim Self: Muhammad Iqbal, Khudi, and the Modern Self". Islamophobia Studies Journal. 2 (2): 14–28. doi:10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014. JSTOR 10.13169/islastudj.2.2.0014.

jumhooripublications.com

"Jumhoori Publications – Biographies". jumhooripublications.com.

khamenei.de

"Iqbal". Khamenei.de. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2009.

minhajsisters.com

لیگ, منہاج القرآن ویمن. "علامہ ڈاکٹر محمد اقبال بطور ایڈووکیٹ". منہاج القرآن ویمن لیگ.

msu.edu

h-net.msu.edu

Lansing, East; H-Bahai, Mi. (2001) [1908]. "The development of metaphysics in persia" (PDF). London Luzac and Company. Retrieved 1 May 2012.

nation.com.pk

"Unexplored aspect of Iqbal's life". The Nation. 6 April 2016.
"Iqbal's Punjabi poetry put on display". The Nation. 5 October 2016. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2018.

nawaiwaqt.com.pk

"قانون دان اقبال". Nawaiwaqt. 11 November 2014.
"قانون دان اقبال". Nawaiwaqt. 14 October 2016.

newageweekly.com

New Age Weekly. In Memory of Com Ranjoor Archived 25 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine

oxforddnb.com

"Fyzee, Atiya [married name Atiya Fyzee-Rahamin; known as Atiya Begum, and Shahinda] (1877–1967), author, social reformer, and patron of the arts | Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/102457. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1. Retrieved 18 February 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

pakistantoday.com.pk

Sharif, Imran (21 April 2011). "Allama Iqbal's 73rd death anniversary observed with reverence". Pakistan Today. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
Allama Iqbal's 73rd death anniversary observed with reverence. Pakistan Today. Retrieved 30 October 2011.

preston.edu.pk

"Seminar on Allama Iqbal held at Preston University". Preston.Edu.PK. Retrieved 19 May 2019.

qantara.de

en.qantara.de

Popp, Stephan (6 May 2010). "Muhammad Iqbal". Archived from the original on 26 March 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2012.

riffathassan.info

Riffat Hassan, "Iqbal's Ancestry and Date of Birth" Archived 8 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine in The Pakistan Review, Volume 17 (1969), p. 5

saudigazette.com.sa

Fedele, Roberta (31 July 2013). "From grandfather to grandson: The legacy of Mohammed Iqbal". Saudi Gazette. Retrieved 2 December 2018.

scholarsworld.net

Yahya, MD (2013). "Traditions of Patriotism in Urdu Poetry: A Critical Study with Special Reference to the Poet of the East Allama Iqbal and His Poetry" (PDF). Journal of Contemporary Research. 1 (2). ISSN 2319-5789. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2015.

scribd.com

This document contains both interventions from Prof. Dharampal-Frick and Mrs. Al Sanyoura Baasiri- Gita Dharampal-Frick – (South Asia Institute, University of Heidelberg). Orient Institut.Org. pp. 5–12. Retrieved 15 August 2012.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hussain, Adeel (4 May 2018). "Muhammad Iqbal's constitutionalism". Indian Law Review. 2 (2): 135–158. doi:10.1080/24730580.2018.1544023. hdl:1887/79342. ISSN 2473-0580. S2CID 201411616.

thefridaytimes.com

"Love letter to Persia". The Friday Times. 25 April 2014. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
Qureshi, A.Ali. "Love letter to Persia". The Friday Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.

thegazette.co.uk

"No. 32782". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1922. p. 2.

thenews.com.pk

Shah, Sabir (4 October 2015). "Justice Javed Iqbal dies two days before his 91st birthday". The News. Retrieved 2 December 2018.

thenewstribe.com

"Nation observes Allama Iqbal's 74th death anniversary". The Newstribe newspaper. 21 April 2012. Archived from the original on 3 February 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2015.

theprint.in

"Allama Iqbal: Pakistan's national poet & the man who gave India 'Saare Jahan se Achha'". ThePrint. 9 October 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
Mufti, Ifrah (9 November 2018). "Allama Iqbal: Pakistan's national poet & the man who gave India 'Saare jahan se achha'". ThePrint. Retrieved 18 November 2020.

tolueislam.com

"Tolu-e-Islam – Under editorship of Syed Nazeer Niazi" (PDF). Archived from the original on 4 August 2017.
"Urdu Articles and Books". Tolueislam.com. Archived from the original on 8 February 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2010.

tribune.com.pk

Ahmed, Khaled (22 January 2011). "Madani-Iqbal debate over pluralism". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
"Turkey honours Allama Iqbal for services to Islam". The Express Tribune. 18 December 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2023.

blogs.tribune.com.pk

"The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal". Osama Sajid. 25 March 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2014.

uchicago.edu

dsal.uchicago.edu

Platts, John T. (John Thompson) (1884), A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., retrieved 6 February 2021

umt.edu.pk

journals.umt.edu.pk

Rasheed, Shahid; Ahmad, Humaira (2019). "Discourse on Nationalism: Political Ideologies of Two Muslim Intellectuals, Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madani and Allama Muhammad Iqbal". Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 09 (2): 127–147. doi:10.32350/jitc.92.07. S2CID 214247581. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

uni-heidelberg.de

"Luxury edition of works by poet Muhammad Iqbal". University of Heidelberg. 25 March 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2012.

urdustudies.com

How to Read Iqbal (PDF). Urdu Studies.com. p. 2. Retrieved 14 August 2012.

web.archive.org

Mushtaq, Faraz. "Life of Allama Iqbal". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
Riffat Hassan, "Iqbal's Ancestry and Date of Birth" Archived 8 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine in The Pakistan Review, Volume 17 (1969), p. 5
Mushtaq, Faraz. "Time line". International Iqbal Society (Formerly DISNA). Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
"Iqbal in years". Archived from the original (PHP) on 11 June 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
Popp, Stephan (6 May 2010). "Muhammad Iqbal". Archived from the original on 26 March 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
"Allama Iqbal – Biography". Iqbal Academy. 26 May 2006. Archived from the original (PHP) on 19 November 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
"Allama Muhammad Iqbal". www.allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2004.
"Cam Diary: Oxford remembers the Cam man". Daily Times. 28 May 2003. Archived from the original on 6 May 2005. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
"Allama Iqbal – The Great Poet And Philosopher". Bright PK.com. 15 February 2012. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
New Age Weekly. In Memory of Com Ranjoor Archived 25 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
"Iqbal and Pakistan Movement". Allamaiqbal.com. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
"Tolu-e-Islam – Under editorship of Syed Nazeer Niazi" (PDF). Archived from the original on 4 August 2017.
"Urdu Articles and Books". Tolueislam.com. Archived from the original on 8 February 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
Official website, Allama Iqbal Academy. "Asrar-e-Khudi". Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 30 May 2006.
"Iqbal's Punjabi poetry put on display". The Nation. 5 October 2016. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
"Nation observes Allama Iqbal's 74th death anniversary". The Newstribe newspaper. 21 April 2012. Archived from the original on 3 February 2016. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
Yahya, MD (2013). "Traditions of Patriotism in Urdu Poetry: A Critical Study with Special Reference to the Poet of the East Allama Iqbal and His Poetry" (PDF). Journal of Contemporary Research. 1 (2). ISSN 2319-5789. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2015.
"Iqbal". Khamenei.de. Archived from the original on 18 June 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2009.
Qureshi, A.Ali. "Love letter to Persia". The Friday Times. Archived from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.