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Chen, John T. (2014). "Re-Orientation: The Chinese Azharites between Umma and Third World, 1938-1955". The Journal of Asian Studies. 34 (1): 35. doi:10.1215/1089201x-2648560. S2CID143485363.
Mao, Yufeng (2011). "A Muslim Vision for the Chinese Nation: Chinese Pilgrimage Missions to Mecca during World War II". The Journal of Asian Studies. 70 (2): 386–387. doi:10.1017/S0021911811000088. S2CID153718423.