Mule (English Wikipedia)

Juliet Clutton-Brock (1981). Domesticated Animals from Early Times. Austin: University of Texas Press; London: British Museum (Natural History). ISBN 0292715323.
M. Eugene Ensminger (1990). Horses and Horsemanship (Animal Agriculture Series), sixth edition. Danville, Illinois: Interstate Publishers. ISBN 9780813428833.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Kay, Katty (2 October 2002). "Morocco's miracle mule". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2009.
Khan, Aamer Ahmed (19 October 2005). "Beasts ease burden of quake victims". BBC. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

books.google.com

Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding Archived 5 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
Hinrichs, Katrin (2011). "Nuclear Transfer". In McKinnon, Angus O.; Squires, Edward L.; Vaala, Wendy E.; Varner, Dickson D. (eds.). Equine Reproduction. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 2924–2930. ISBN 978-0-470-96187-2.
Darwin, Charles (1879). What Mr. Darwin Saw in His Voyage Round the World in the Ship 'Beagle'. New York: Harper & Bros. pp. 33–34. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
Hauer, John, ed. (2014). The Natural Superiority of Mules. Skyhorse. ISBN 978-1-62636-166-9. Retrieved 16 July 2014.

britannica.com

"Mule | Draft Horse, Donkey & Hybrid | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 1 February 2025. Retrieved 9 March 2025.

britishmuseum.org

Wall panel; relief: Museum number 124896 Archived 6 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine. London: British Museum. Accessed July 2022.

denverpost.com

Lofholm, Nancy (19 September 2007). "Mule's foal fools genetics with 'impossible' birth". Denver Post. Archived from the original on 7 November 2009. Retrieved 5 February 2009.

doi.org

Anderson, W. S. (1939). "Fertile Mare Mules". Journal of Heredity. 30 (12): 549–551. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a104657.
Holden, Constance (30 May 2003). "First Cloned Mule Races to Finish Line". Science. 300 (5624): 1354. doi:10.1126/science.300.5624.1354a. PMID 12775807.
Norris, Stuart L.; Little, Holly A.; Ryding, Joseph; Raw, Zoe (25 February 2021). "Global donkey and mule populations: Figures and trends". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0247830. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1647830N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247830. PMC 7906361. PMID 33630957.
Liberatore, Katie L.; Jiang, Ke; Zamir, Dani; Lippman, Zachary B. (2013). "Heterosis: The Case for Single-Gene Overdominance". Polyploid and Hybrid Genomics. pp. 137–152. doi:10.1002/9781118552872.ch8. ISBN 978-0-470-96037-0.
Wang, Xisheng; Bou, Gerelchimeg; Zhang, Xinzhuang; Tao, Li; Shen, Yingchao; Na, Riga; Liu, Guiqin; Ren, Hong; Ren, Xiujuan; Song, Lianjie; Su, Shaofeng; Bai, Dongyi; Zhao, Yiping; Li, Bei; Dugarjaviin, Manglai (July 2021). "A Fast PCR Test for the Simultaneous Identification of Species and Gender in Horses, Donkeys, Mules and Hinnies". Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 102: 103458. doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103458. PMID 34119210.
Proops, Leanne; Faith Burden; Britta Osthaus (18 July 2008). "Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigor?". Animal Cognition. 12 (1): 75–84. doi:10.1007/s10071-008-0172-1. PMID 18636282. S2CID 27962537.
Beaver, Bonnie V. (2019). "Equine Social Behavior". Equine Behavioral Medicine. pp. 115–150. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-812106-1.00005-X. ISBN 978-0-12-812106-1.
Savory, Theodore H (1970). "The Mule". Scientific American. 223 (6): 102–109. Bibcode:1970SciAm.223f.102S. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1270-102.
Henry, M.; Gastal, E.L.; Pinheiro, L.E.L.; Guimarmes, S.E.F. (1995). "Mating Pattern and Chromosome Analysis of a Mule and Her Offspring". Biology of Reproduction. 52 (Equine Reproduction VI – Monograph Series 1): 273–279. doi:10.1093/biolreprod/52.monograph_series1.273.
Camillo, Francesco; Rota, Alessandra; Biagini, Lorenzo; Tesi, Matteo; Fanelli, Diana; Panzani, Duccio (June 2018). "The Current Situation and Trend of Donkey Industry in Europe". Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 65: 44–49. doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2017.11.008. hdl:11568/905165.

donkeymuletrust.org.nz

"Differences between Horses and Donkeys". Donkey & Mule Protection Trust NZ. Retrieved 6 March 2025.
"Differences between Horses and Donkeys". Donkey & Mule Protection Trust NZ. Retrieved 6 March 2025.

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Camillo, Francesco; Rota, Alessandra; Biagini, Lorenzo; Tesi, Matteo; Fanelli, Diana; Panzani, Duccio (June 2018). "The Current Situation and Trend of Donkey Industry in Europe". Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 65: 44–49. doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2017.11.008. hdl:11568/905165.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Norris, Stuart L.; Little, Holly A.; Ryding, Joseph; Raw, Zoe (25 February 2021). "Global donkey and mule populations: Figures and trends". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0247830. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1647830N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247830. PMC 7906361. PMID 33630957.
Savory, Theodore H (1970). "The Mule". Scientific American. 223 (6): 102–109. Bibcode:1970SciAm.223f.102S. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1270-102.

hunterspec.com

"Hunter's Specialties: More With Wayne Carlton On Elk Hunting". hunterspec.com. Hunter's Specialties. 2009. Archived from the original on 8 October 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2014.

libretexts.org

bio.libretexts.org

"18.2A: The Biological Species Concept". Biology LibreTexts. 13 July 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2025.

livestockconservancy.org

moduet. "Animal Terms". The Livestock Conservancy. Retrieved 5 March 2025.

loc.gov

"Mule Battery". Afghanistan, 1879–80. LCCN 2013646213.

lccn.loc.gov

"Mule Battery". Afghanistan, 1879–80. LCCN 2013646213.

mulemuseum.org

"History of the Mule". American Mule Museum. Retrieved 3 March 2025.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Holden, Constance (30 May 2003). "First Cloned Mule Races to Finish Line". Science. 300 (5624): 1354. doi:10.1126/science.300.5624.1354a. PMID 12775807.
Norris, Stuart L.; Little, Holly A.; Ryding, Joseph; Raw, Zoe (25 February 2021). "Global donkey and mule populations: Figures and trends". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0247830. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1647830N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247830. PMC 7906361. PMID 33630957.
Wang, Xisheng; Bou, Gerelchimeg; Zhang, Xinzhuang; Tao, Li; Shen, Yingchao; Na, Riga; Liu, Guiqin; Ren, Hong; Ren, Xiujuan; Song, Lianjie; Su, Shaofeng; Bai, Dongyi; Zhao, Yiping; Li, Bei; Dugarjaviin, Manglai (July 2021). "A Fast PCR Test for the Simultaneous Identification of Species and Gender in Horses, Donkeys, Mules and Hinnies". Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 102: 103458. doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103458. PMID 34119210.
Proops, Leanne; Faith Burden; Britta Osthaus (18 July 2008). "Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigor?". Animal Cognition. 12 (1): 75–84. doi:10.1007/s10071-008-0172-1. PMID 18636282. S2CID 27962537.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Norris, Stuart L.; Little, Holly A.; Ryding, Joseph; Raw, Zoe (25 February 2021). "Global donkey and mule populations: Figures and trends". PLOS ONE. 16 (2): e0247830. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1647830N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247830. PMC 7906361. PMID 33630957.

npr.org

"Befuddling Birth: The Case of the Mule's Foal". National Public Radio. 26 July 2007. Archived from the original on 6 December 2008. Retrieved 5 February 2009.

nps.gov

Williamsport, Mailing Address: 142 W. Potomac St; Us, MD 21795 Phone: 301-739-4200 Contact. "Caring for Mules - Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2 March 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Williamsport, Mailing Address: 142 W. Potomac St; Us, MD 21795 Phone: 301-739-4200 Contact. "Caring for Mules - Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2 March 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Gallery Item Display (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2 March 2025.

richmondfed.org

"Mules are Equines Too | Richmond Fed". www.richmondfed.org. Retrieved 6 March 2025.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Proops, Leanne; Faith Burden; Britta Osthaus (18 July 2008). "Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigor?". Animal Cognition. 12 (1): 75–84. doi:10.1007/s10071-008-0172-1. PMID 18636282. S2CID 27962537.

thebrooke.org

"Reasons why Mules rule". Brooke. Retrieved 6 March 2025.

thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk

"What is a mule?". The Donkey Sanctuary. 5 September 2020. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.

thetech.org

Rodriguez, Monica (20 June 2007). "Why can't mules breed?". The Tech Interactive. Retrieved 9 March 2025.

tufts.edu

perseus.tufts.edu

"Homer, Iliad, Book 23, line 93". perseus.tufts.edu. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022. mules

web.archive.org

"What is a mule?". The Donkey Sanctuary. 5 September 2020. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding Archived 5 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
Tomb-painting: Museum number EA37982. London: British Museum. Archived 25 June 2020.
Wall panel; relief: Museum number 124896 Archived 6 July 2022 at the Wayback Machine. London: British Museum. Accessed July 2022.
"Homer, Iliad, Book 23, line 93". perseus.tufts.edu. Archived from the original on 13 October 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022. mules
Kay, Katty (2 October 2002). "Morocco's miracle mule". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2009.
"Befuddling Birth: The Case of the Mule's Foal". National Public Radio. 26 July 2007. Archived from the original on 6 December 2008. Retrieved 5 February 2009.
Lofholm, Nancy (19 September 2007). "Mule's foal fools genetics with 'impossible' birth". Denver Post. Archived from the original on 7 November 2009. Retrieved 5 February 2009.
"Hunter's Specialties: More With Wayne Carlton On Elk Hunting". hunterspec.com. Hunter's Specialties. 2009. Archived from the original on 8 October 2010. Retrieved 16 July 2014.
Khan, Aamer Ahmed (19 October 2005). "Beasts ease burden of quake victims". BBC. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 6 April 2010.

wfp.org

"The backstory: The sherpa of Nepal's Far West | World Food Programme". www.wfp.org. 25 October 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2025.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Mule". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 959–960.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Chernow, Ron (2010). Washington: A Life. New York: The Penguin Press. pp. 483–484. ISBN 978-1-59420-266-7. OCLC 535490473.