Multiprotocol Label Switching (English Wikipedia)

E. Rosen; A. Viswanathan; R. Callon (January 2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3031.
D. Awduche; L. Berger; G. Swallow (December 2001). RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3209.
F. Le Faucheur (May 2002). Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Support of Differentiated Services. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3270.
E. Rosen; Y. Rekhter (February 2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC4364.
P. Newman; W. L. Edwards; R. Hinden; E. Hoffman; F. Ching Liaw; T. Lyon; G. Minshall (May 1996). Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol Specification for IPv4 Version 1.0. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1953. RFC 1953. Informational.
Rekhter, Y.; Davie, B.; Rosen, E.; Swallow, G.; Farinacci, D.; Katz, D. (1997). "Tag switching architecture overview". Proceedings of the IEEE. 85 (12): 1973–1983. doi:10.1109/5.650179.
V. Sharma; F. Hellstrand, eds. (February 2003). Framework for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based Recovery. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3469. RFC 3469. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.
Chandranmenon, Girish P.; Varghese, George (October 1995), "Trading Packet Headers for Packet Processing", ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 25 (4): 162–173, doi:10.1145/217391.217427
E. Rosen; A. Viswanathan; R. Callon (January 2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3031. RFC 3031. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6178 and 6790.
L. Andersson; R. Asati (February 2009), Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Stack Entry: "EXP" Field Renamed to "Traffic Class" Field, IETF, doi:10.17487/RFC5462
E. Rosen; Y. Rekhter (February 2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4364. RFC 4364. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 4577, 4684 and 5462. Obsoletes RFC 2547.
B. Thomas; E. Gray (January 2001). LDP Applicability. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3037. RFC 3037. Informational.
L. Zhang; S. Berson; S. Herzog; S. Jamin (September 1997). R. Braden (ed.). Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Functional Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2205. RFC 2205. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 2750, 3936, 4495, 5946, 6437 and 6780.
Dino, Farinacci; Guy, Fedorkow; Alex, Conta; Yakov, Rekhter; C., Rosen, Eric; Tony, Li (2001). "MPLS Label Stack Encoding". tools.ietf.org. doi:10.17487/RFC3032. Retrieved 2018-03-13.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
<erosen@cisco.com>, Eric C. Rosen (2005). "Removing a Restriction on the use of MPLS Explicit NULL". tools.ietf.org. doi:10.17487/RFC4182. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
L. Andersson; I. Minei; B. Thomas, eds. (October 2007). LDP Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5036. RFC 5036. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3036.
D. Awduche; L. Berger; D. Gan; T. Li; V. Srinivasan; G. Swallow (December 2001). RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3209. RFC 3209. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 3936, 4874, 4420, 5151, 5711, 5420, 6780, 6790 and 7274.
E. Rosen (October 2017). Using BGP to Bind MPLS Labels to Address Prefixes. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC8277. RFC 8277. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3107.
Y. Rekhter; R. Aggarwal (January 2007). Graceful Restart Mechanism for BGP with MPLS. IETF Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4781. RFC 4781. Proposed Standard.
R. Aggarwal; D. Papadimitriou; S. Yasukawa, eds. (May 2007). Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4875. RFC 4875. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6510.
S. Bryant; P. Pate, eds. (March 2005). Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3985. RFC 3985. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.
Raza; et al. (2005), "Online routing of bandwidth guaranteed paths with local restoration using optimized aggregate usage information", IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005. ICC 2005. 2005, IEEE-ICC 2005, vol. 1, pp. 201–207, doi:10.1109/ICC.2005.1494347, ISBN 0-7803-8938-7, S2CID 5659648.
Li Li; et al. (2005), "Routing bandwidth guaranteed paths with local restoration in label switched networks", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 23 (2): 437–449, doi:10.1109/JSAC.2004.839424, S2CID 195347236.
Kodialam; et al. (2001), "Dynamic Routing of Locally Restorable Bandwidth Guaranteed Tunnels using Aggregated Link Usage Information", Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213), IEEE Infocom. pp. 376–385. 2001, vol. 1, pp. 376–385, doi:10.1109/INFCOM.2001.916720, ISBN 0-7803-7016-3, S2CID 13870642.

icact.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Tran Cong Hung, Le Quoc Cuong, Tran Thi Thuy Mai (10 Feb 2019). "A Study on Any Transport over MPLS (AToM)" (PDF). International Conference on Advanced Communications Technology. Retrieved 5 February 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

ietf.org (Global: 214^th place; English: 176^th place)

datatracker.ietf.org

P. Newman; W. L. Edwards; R. Hinden; E. Hoffman; F. Ching Liaw; T. Lyon; G. Minshall (May 1996). Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol Specification for IPv4 Version 1.0. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1953. RFC 1953. Informational.
"Multiprotocol Label Switching (mpls) WG History". IETF.
V. Sharma; F. Hellstrand, eds. (February 2003). Framework for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based Recovery. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3469. RFC 3469. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.
E. Rosen; A. Viswanathan; R. Callon (January 2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3031. RFC 3031. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6178 and 6790.
E. Rosen; Y. Rekhter (February 2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4364. RFC 4364. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 4577, 4684 and 5462. Obsoletes RFC 2547.
B. Thomas; E. Gray (January 2001). LDP Applicability. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3037. RFC 3037. Informational.
L. Zhang; S. Berson; S. Herzog; S. Jamin (September 1997). R. Braden (ed.). Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Functional Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2205. RFC 2205. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 2750, 3936, 4495, 5946, 6437 and 6780.
L. Andersson; I. Minei; B. Thomas, eds. (October 2007). LDP Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5036. RFC 5036. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3036.
D. Awduche; L. Berger; D. Gan; T. Li; V. Srinivasan; G. Swallow (December 2001). RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3209. RFC 3209. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 3936, 4874, 4420, 5151, 5711, 5420, 6780, 6790 and 7274.
E. Rosen (October 2017). Using BGP to Bind MPLS Labels to Address Prefixes. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC8277. RFC 8277. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3107.
Y. Rekhter; R. Aggarwal (January 2007). Graceful Restart Mechanism for BGP with MPLS. IETF Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4781. RFC 4781. Proposed Standard.
R. Aggarwal; D. Papadimitriou; S. Yasukawa, eds. (May 2007). Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4875. RFC 4875. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6510.
S. Bryant; P. Pate, eds. (March 2005). Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3985. RFC 3985. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.

tools.ietf.org

"IETF - Tag Distribution Protocol (draft-doolan-tdp-spec-00)". IETF. September 1996.
L. Andersson; R. Asati (February 2009), Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Stack Entry: "EXP" Field Renamed to "Traffic Class" Field, IETF, doi:10.17487/RFC5462
Dino, Farinacci; Guy, Fedorkow; Alex, Conta; Yakov, Rekhter; C., Rosen, Eric; Tony, Li (2001). "MPLS Label Stack Encoding". tools.ietf.org. doi:10.17487/RFC3032. Retrieved 2018-03-13.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
<erosen@cisco.com>, Eric C. Rosen (2005). "Removing a Restriction on the use of MPLS Explicit NULL". tools.ietf.org. doi:10.17487/RFC4182. Retrieved 2018-03-13.

inist.fr (Global: 2,854^th place; English: 3,669^th place)

cat.inist.fr

Aslam; et al. (2005-02-02), NPP: A Facility Based Computation Framework for Restoration Routing Using Aggregate Link Usage Information, QoS-IP 2005 : quality of service in multiservice IP network, retrieved 2006-10-27.

juniper.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

juniper.net

"Configuring Ultimate-Hop Popping for LSPs - Technical Documentation - Support - Juniper Networks". www.juniper.net. Retrieved 2018-03-13.

forums.juniper.net

Salah M. S. Buraiky (December 2018). "An Informal Guide to the Engines of Packet Forwarding". Juniper Forums.

mauigateway.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

surfer.mauigateway.com

Joseph M. Soricelli with John L. Hammond, Galina Diker Pildush, Thomas E. Van Meter, Todd M. Warble (June 2003). Juniper JNCIA Study Guide (PDF). Wiley. ISBN 0-7821-4071-8.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

nanog.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.nanog.org

Richard A Steenbergen (June 13–16, 2010). "MPLS for Dummies" (PDF). NANOG.

networkworld.com (Global: 4,121^st place; English: 2,662^nd place)

Doyle, Jeff. "Understanding MPLS Explicit and Implicit Null Labels". Network World. Retrieved 2018-03-13.

rfc-editor.org (Global: 6,184^th place; English: 4,465^th place)

E. Rosen; A. Viswanathan; R. Callon (January 2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3031.
D. Awduche; L. Berger; G. Swallow (December 2001). RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3209.
F. Le Faucheur (May 2002). Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Support of Differentiated Services. IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC3270.
E. Rosen; Y. Rekhter (February 2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). IETF. doi:10.17487/RFC4364.
P. Newman; W. L. Edwards; R. Hinden; E. Hoffman; F. Ching Liaw; T. Lyon; G. Minshall (May 1996). Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol Specification for IPv4 Version 1.0. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1953. RFC 1953. Informational.
V. Sharma; F. Hellstrand, eds. (February 2003). Framework for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)-based Recovery. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3469. RFC 3469. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.
E. Rosen; A. Viswanathan; R. Callon (January 2001). Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3031. RFC 3031. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6178 and 6790.
E. Rosen; Y. Rekhter (February 2006). BGP/MPLS IP Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4364. RFC 4364. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 4577, 4684 and 5462. Obsoletes RFC 2547.
B. Thomas; E. Gray (January 2001). LDP Applicability. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3037. RFC 3037. Informational.
L. Zhang; S. Berson; S. Herzog; S. Jamin (September 1997). R. Braden (ed.). Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Functional Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2205. RFC 2205. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 2750, 3936, 4495, 5946, 6437 and 6780.
L. Andersson; I. Minei; B. Thomas, eds. (October 2007). LDP Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC5036. RFC 5036. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3036.
D. Awduche; L. Berger; D. Gan; T. Li; V. Srinivasan; G. Swallow (December 2001). RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP Tunnels. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3209. RFC 3209. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 3936, 4874, 4420, 5151, 5711, 5420, 6780, 6790 and 7274.
E. Rosen (October 2017). Using BGP to Bind MPLS Labels to Address Prefixes. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC8277. RFC 8277. Proposed Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3107.
Y. Rekhter; R. Aggarwal (January 2007). Graceful Restart Mechanism for BGP with MPLS. IETF Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4781. RFC 4781. Proposed Standard.
R. Aggarwal; D. Papadimitriou; S. Yasukawa, eds. (May 2007). Extensions to Resource Reservation Protocol - Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) for Point-to-Multipoint TE Label Switched Paths (LSPs). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4875. RFC 4875. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 6510.
S. Bryant; P. Pate, eds. (March 2005). Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge (PWE3) Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3985. RFC 3985. Informational. Updated by RFC 5462.

savecall.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

Savecall telecommunication consulting company Germany Savecall - MPLS

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Raza; et al. (2005), "Online routing of bandwidth guaranteed paths with local restoration using optimized aggregate usage information", IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005. ICC 2005. 2005, IEEE-ICC 2005, vol. 1, pp. 201–207, doi:10.1109/ICC.2005.1494347, ISBN 0-7803-8938-7, S2CID 5659648.
Li Li; et al. (2005), "Routing bandwidth guaranteed paths with local restoration in label switched networks", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 23 (2): 437–449, doi:10.1109/JSAC.2004.839424, S2CID 195347236.
Kodialam; et al. (2001), "Dynamic Routing of Locally Restorable Bandwidth Guaranteed Tunnels using Aggregated Link Usage Information", Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM 2001. Conference on Computer Communications. Twentieth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Society (Cat. No.01CH37213), IEEE Infocom. pp. 376–385. 2001, vol. 1, pp. 376–385, doi:10.1109/INFCOM.2001.916720, ISBN 0-7803-7016-3, S2CID 13870642.

systemsapproach.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

book.systemsapproach.org

L. Peterson and B. Davie (2022). Computer Networks: A Systems Approach. p. 336.

techtarget.com (Global: 2,435^th place; English: 1,699^th place)

searchnetworking.techtarget.com

Sturt, Robert; Rosencrance, Linda; Scarpati, Jessica (28 March 2023). "What is Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)?". techtarget.com. Retrieved 21 July 2025.

unpad.ac.id (Global: low place; English: low place)

ftp.unpad.ac.id

"Cisco MPLS Controller Software Configuration Guide" (PDF). Cisco. May 2001.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Gregg., Schudel (2008). Router security strategies : securing IP network traffic planes. Smith, David J. (Computer engineer). Indianapolis, Ind.: Cisco Press. ISBN 978-1587053368. OCLC 297576680.
Alwayn, Vivek. (2002). Advanced MPLS design and implementation. Indianapolis, Ind.: Cisco Press. ISBN 158705020X. OCLC 656875465.

Multiprotocol Label Switching (English Wikipedia)

802101.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

cisco.com (Global: 2,882nd place; English: 2,105th place)

ciscopress.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

icact.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ietf.org (Global: 214th place; English: 176th place)

datatracker.ietf.org

tools.ietf.org

inist.fr (Global: 2,854th place; English: 3,669th place)

cat.inist.fr

juniper.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

juniper.net

forums.juniper.net

mauigateway.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

surfer.mauigateway.com

nanog.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

archive.nanog.org

networkworld.com (Global: 4,121st place; English: 2,662nd place)

rfc-editor.org (Global: 6,184th place; English: 4,465th place)

savecall.de (Global: low place; English: low place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

systemsapproach.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

book.systemsapproach.org

techtarget.com (Global: 2,435th place; English: 1,699th place)

searchnetworking.techtarget.com

unpad.ac.id (Global: low place; English: low place)

ftp.unpad.ac.id

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

search.worldcat.org

cisco.com (Global: 2,882^nd place; English: 2,105^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

ietf.org (Global: 214^th place; English: 176^th place)

inist.fr (Global: 2,854^th place; English: 3,669^th place)

networkworld.com (Global: 4,121^st place; English: 2,662^nd place)

rfc-editor.org (Global: 6,184^th place; English: 4,465^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

techtarget.com (Global: 2,435^th place; English: 1,699^th place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)