Myanmar (English Wikipedia)

Woodley, Naomi (12 July 2013). "Carr apprehensive about Rohingyas' future in Myanmar". AM. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"Aung San Suu Kyi arrives in Thailand for official visit". Radio Australia. 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.

admin.ch (Global: 135^th place; English: 266^th place)

eda.admin.ch

"Representations and travel advice – Myanmar". Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Murray, Nicholas J.; Keith, David A.; Duncan, Adam; Tizard, Robert; Ferrer-Paris, Jose R.; Worthington, Thomas A.; Armstrong, Kate; Nyan Hlaing; Win Thuya Htut; Aung Htat Oo; Kyaw Zay Ya; Grantham, Hedley (2020). "Myanmar's terrestrial ecosystems: Status, threats and conservation opportunities". Biological Conservation. 252 108834. Bibcode:2020BCons.25208834M. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108834. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_73305. S2CID 228850408.

ahdictionary.com (Global: 4,364^th place; English: 2,759^th place)

Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.

aljazeera.com (Global: 165^th place; English: 119^th place)

"Myanmar blast hits anti-Muslim monk's event – Asia-Pacific". Al Jazeera. 22 July 2013. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
Nadi, Nang Mya (25 September 2012). "Displaced by fighting, villagers take shelter in Hpakant". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
"Blood and Gold: Inside Burma's Hidden War". Al Jazeera. 4 October 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
Power, Samantha (9 November 2012). "Supporting Human Rights in Burma". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2013 – via National Archives.
"Myanmar Shan refugees struggle at Thai border". Al Jazeera. 2 October 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
"Myanmar 'building nuclear sites'". Al Jazeera. 10 December 2010. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
Sukri, Azhar (1 April 2013). "Myanmar shows new signs of press freedom". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 4 April 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.

aljazeera.net (Global: 636^th place; English: 1,094^th place)

english.aljazeera.net

"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

altsean.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"List of UN General Assembly Resolutions on Burma". Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2010.

ambafrance-mm.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"'Birmanie ou Myanmar ? Le vrai faux débat francophone' – La France en Birmanie". Ambafrance-mm.org. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

amnesty.org (Global: 1,084^th place; English: 851^st place)

report2009.amnesty.org

Adams, Brad. "Amnesty International 2009 Report on Human Rights in Myanmar". Amnesty International. Archived from the original on 12 September 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2010.

amnesty.org

"Myanmar: Villages burned, civilians injured and killed as Rakhine State conflict escalates". Amnesty International. 12 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

web.amnesty.org

"Thailand: The Plight of Burmese Migrant Workers". Amnesty International. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.

amnestyusa.org (Global: 8,077^th place; English: 6,036^th place)

"Burma". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
"Myanmar Human Rights". Amnesty International USA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.

apnews.com (Global: 101^st place; English: 62^nd place)

"Myanmar election commission rejects military's fraud claims," Archived 3 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 29 January 2021, Associated Press, retrieved 28 February 2021
Rising, David (30 April 2026). "Myanmar army shifts to offense as resistance weakens in bloody civil war". AP News. Archived from the original on 7 May 2026. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
"UN expert: Myanmar's pledge for clean polls 'preposterous'". Associated Press. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 23 June 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
"A massive 11,000-carat ruby has been unearthed in Myanmar's war-scarred gemstone heartland". The Associated Press. 8 May 2026. Archived from the original on 12 May 2026. Retrieved 12 May 2026.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Teacher's Guide ENGLISH GRADE 10. Myanmar: Ministry of Education, the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. 2020. pp. 8, 62. Archived from the original on 21 April 2025. Retrieved 21 April 2025. Alt URL
Htin Aung, Maung (1967). A History of Burma. New York / London: Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–65.
Bechert, Heinz (1984). The World of Buddhism-Buddhist Monks and Nuns in Society and Culture. New York City: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-87196-982-8.
Fink, Christina (2001). Living Silence: Burma under Military Rule. Bangkok: White Lotus. ISBN 978-1-85649-926-2.
Reid, Robert; Bindloss, Joseph; Butler, Stuart (2009). "Environment: National Parks". Myanmar (Burma) (10th ed.). Footscray, Victoria, Australia: Lonely Planet. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-74104-718-9.
Scott O'Connor (1904). The Silken East – A Record of Life and Travel in Burma. Scotland: Kiscadale. p. 32.

archives.gov (Global: 319^th place; English: 166^th place)

obamawhitehouse.archives.gov

Power, Samantha (9 November 2012). "Supporting Human Rights in Burma". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2013 – via National Archives.
"Myanmar Shan refugees struggle at Thai border". Al Jazeera. 2 October 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.

asean.org (Global: 9,429^th place; English: 8,077^th place)

"Press Statement by the Chair of the ASEAN Foreign Ministers' Retreat" (PDF). ASEAN. 19 January 2025. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
"24th ASEAN Summit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 10–11 May 2014". ASEAN. 4 April 2014. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.

asiancorrespondent.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burma or Myanmar? Obama calls it both on visit". Asian Correspondent. Bristol, England: Hybrid News Limited. Associated Press. 19 November 2012. Archived from the original on 21 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. Yangon, Burma (AP) – Officially at least, America still calls this Southeast Asian nation Burma, the favoured appellation of dissidents and pro-democracy activists who opposed the former military junta's move to summarily change its name 23 years ago.
Jason Burke (19 November 2012). "Burma v Myanmar – what's in a name? Obama plays it safe during historic visit". The Guardian.
"Burma (Myanmar)". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

asiatimes.com (Global: 6,736^th place; English: 4,409^th place)

Lintner, Bertil (5 April 2017). "A Chinese war in Myanmar". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022.

australianetworknews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burma gets rights commission". Australia Network News. 7 September 2011. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.

bangkokpost.com (Global: 1,117^th place; English: 740^th place)

"UN, embassies fret over Myanmar coup talk," Archived 24 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, Bangkok Post, retrieved 30 January 2021
Thornton, Phil (12 February 2012). "Myanmar's rising drug trade". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 19 February 2012.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"Should it be Burma or Myanmar?". 26 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"Burma's new capital stages parade". BBC News. 27 March 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2006.
"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
"Thousands Flee Burma Violence". BBC News. 26 August 2009. Archived from the original on 29 August 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
"Overview of Burma sanctions". BBC News. 18 December 2009. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
"India urges Burma reconciliation". BBC News. 2 January 2008. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"Russia and Burma in Nuclear Deal". BBC. 15 May 2007. Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
Head, Jonathan (5 February 2009). "What drive the Rohingya to sea?". BBC. Archived from the original on 1 October 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
Dummett, Mark (29 September 2007). "Burmese exiles in desperate conditions". BBC News. Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Martin, Steven (March 2004). "Burma maintains bygone buildings". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2006.

bbc.co.uk

Greenwood, Faine (27 May 2013). "The 8 Stages of Genocide Against Burma's Rohingya | UN DispatchUN Dispatch". Undispatch.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"EU welcomes "measured" Myanmar response to rioting". Reuters. 11 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
"Q&A: Communal violence in Burma". BBC. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
"Myanmar profile". BBC News. 16 July 2013. Archived from the original on 26 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.
Loyn, David (19 November 2011). "Obstacles lie ahead in Burma's bid for reform". BBC. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
"US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to visit Burma". BBC. 18 November 2011. Archived from the original on 20 November 2011. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
"Western states dismiss Burma's election". BBC. 8 November 2010. Archived from the original on 11 November 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"UN report: Opium cultivation rising in Burma". BBC News. 31 October 2012. Archived from the original on 15 July 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

"Myanmar profile – Timeline". BBC News. 3 September 2018. Archived from the original on 26 March 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
"Myanmar's 2015 landmark elections explained," Archived 21 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 3 December 2015, BBC News, retrieved 1 March 2021
"Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy Wins Majority in Myanmar". BBC News. 13 November 2015. Archived from the original on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
"Myanmar: Aung San Suu Kyi's party wins majority in election," Archived 29 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine 11 November 2020, BBC News, retrieved 18 December 2020
"Myanmar coup: Aung San Suu Kyi detained as military seizes control". BBC News. 1 February 2021. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
"Myanmar coup: Teachers join growing protests against military," Archived 22 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 5 February 2021, BBC News, retrieved 28 February 2021

berkeley.edu (Global: 621^st place; English: 429^th place)

Anwar, Yasmin (28 June 2007). "Myanmar junta faulted for rampant diseases". UC Berkeley News.^{[dead link]}

betweenonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Myanmar prepares for the 2013 Southeast Asian Games". Archived from the original on 24 June 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2012.

birma.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Myanmar Travel Agency". birma.com. p. Tourist Destinations. Retrieved 20 October 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

"Myanmar Military Takes Power for One Year, Suu Kyi in Detention". Bloomberg.com. 31 January 2021. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021 – via www.bloomberg.com.

blouinartinfo.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Ferro, Shane (19 July 2011). "Burmese Gem Emporium Rakes in $1.5 Billion Despite Human Rights Abuse Concerns". Blouin ARTINFO. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2013.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Houtman, Gustaaf (1999). Mental Culture in Burmese Crisis Politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy. ILCAA. p. 352. ISBN 9784872977486.
Houtman, Gustaaf (1999). Mental culture in Burmese crisis politics. ILCAA Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa Monograph Series No. 33. Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa. pp. 43–54. ISBN 978-4-87297-748-6.
Steinberg, David I. (2002). Burma: The State of Myanmar. Georgetown University Press. p. xi. ISBN 978-1-58901-285-1.
Dittmer, Lowell (2010). Burma Or Myanmar? The Struggle for National Identity. World Scientific. p. 2. ISBN 9789814313643. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.
Win Naing Tun (24 July 2015). "Prehistory to Protohistory of Myanmar: A Perspective of Historical Geography" (PDF). Myanmar Environment Institute. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2016. Homo erectus had lived in Myanmar 750,000 years ago
Bowman, John Stewart Bowman (2013). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 476. ISBN 978-0-231-50004-3.
Towle, Philip; Kosuge, Margaret; Kibata, Yōichi (2000). Japanese prisoners of war. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-85285-192-7.
"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Waaren, Alan. Burma 1942: The Road from Rangoon to Mandalay. Bloomsbury Academic.

buddhanet.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Buddhanet.net". Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2026.

burmacampaign.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Tourism Campaign – Campaigns". The Burma Campaign UK. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

burmalibrary.org (Global: 9,639^th place; English: 7,523^rd place)

Win Naing Tun (24 July 2015). "Prehistory to Protohistory of Myanmar: A Perspective of Historical Geography" (PDF). Myanmar Environment Institute. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2016. Homo erectus had lived in Myanmar 750,000 years ago
Bowman, John Stewart Bowman (2013). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 476. ISBN 978-0-231-50004-3.
"Myanmar's Forest Law and Rules n". BurmaLibrary.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2006. Retrieved 15 July 2006.

burmavjmovie.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burma VJ – Academy Award Nominee – Best Documentary Feature". Burmavjmovie.com. Archived from the original on 21 May 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

canberratimes.com.au (Global: 3,502^nd place; English: 1,773^rd place)

Phillips, Kimberley (20 February 2021). "The last thing the Myanmar people need is false hope". The Canberra Times. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.

cbsnews.com (Global: 136^th place; English: 93^rd place)

"From tropical Burma to Syracuse, refugees adjust". CBS News. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

cf.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

orca.cf.ac.uk

Calderaro, Andrea (1 May 2015). "Internet Governance Capacity Building in Post-Authoritarian Contexts. Telecom Reform and Human Rights in Myanmar" (PDF). SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2686095. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.

channelnewsasia.com (Global: 1,005^th place; English: 573^rd place)

"Suu Kyi's novice MPs learn ropes in outgoing Myanmar parliament". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
"Military Threats: Coup Fears Overshadow Myanmar Parliament Opening," Archived 30 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine Channel NewsAsia,

childrenofthemekong.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Children of the Mekong". 2 March 2023. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.

cia.gov (Global: 133^rd place; English: 275^th place)

"Burma". The World Factbook. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 8 August 2023. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2021.

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

edition.cnn.com

"Myanmar Fast Facts". CNN. 30 July 2013. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
Rebane, Teele (30 August 2024). "Myanmar's poorest are so desperate they're turning to social media to sell their kidneys". CNN. Archived from the original on 1 September 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2025.

cnn.com

Regan, Helen. "Chinese factories set on fire in Myanmar in deadliest day since coup". CNN. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
Douglas, Jeremy (15 November 2018). "Parts of Asia are slipping into the hands of organized crime". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.

money.cnn.com

Hargreaves, Steve (18 June 2013). "Myanmar: Tales from the last business frontier". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,831^st place; English: 1,216^th place)

Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.

commondreams.org (Global: 5,655^th place; English: 3,462^nd place)

Starck, Peter (7 June 2005). "World Military Spending Topped US$1 trillion in 2004". Common Dreams NewsCenter. Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 19 July 2006.

congress.gov (Global: 392^nd place; English: 262^nd place)

"Burma Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003". United States Library of Congress. 4 June 2003. Archived from the original on 25 January 2004. Retrieved 4 February 2007.

constituteproject.org (Global: 4,115^th place; English: 3,114^th place)

"Myanmar's Constitution of 2008" (PDF). constituteproject.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2017.

cpgb-ml.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burma: imperialists exploit natural disaster to promote regime change". Proletarian Online. June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.

crisisgroup.org (Global: 4,347^th place; English: 2,989^th place)

"A Road to Nowhere: The Myanmar Regime's Stage-managed Elections". Crisis Group. 28 March 2023. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
"Major Reform Underway". Crisis Group. 22 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
"Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar". International Crisis Group. 28 August 2020. Archived from the original on 18 May 2025. Retrieved 12 May 2025.

csmonitor.com (Global: 982^nd place; English: 614^th place)

"India looks to Burma to slake growing thirst for gas". The Christian Science Monitor. 26 April 2006. Archived from the original on 8 July 2010. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Ford, Peter (12 June 2012). "Why deadly race riots could rattle Myanmar's fledgling reforms". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2014.

cwgc.org (Global: 2,913^th place; English: 1,588^th place)

"The March to VJ Day: The Race for Rangoon". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Archived from the original on 18 August 2025. Retrieved 17 May 2026.

dannyfisher.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Burma VJ Nominated for the 2010 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Rev. Danny Fisher". Dannyfisher.org. 2 February 2010. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

dawn.com (Global: 315^th place; English: 155^th place)

"Free press is the key to Myanmar reform". Agence France-Presse. 20 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

deseretnews.com (Global: 1,776^th place; English: 932^nd place)

"Official: UN plane lands in Myanmar with aid after cyclone". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2015.

dfat.gov.au (Global: 6,297^th place; English: 4,722^nd place)

"Countries, economies and regions – Myanmar". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.

dhxy.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

dahuang.dhxy.info

Jones, Gavin W. (2007). "Delayed Marriage and Very Low Fertility in Pacific Asia" (PDF). Population and Development Review. 33 (3): 453–478. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2007.00180.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2015.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Schaarschmidt, Maria; Fu, Xiao; Li, Bo; Marwick, Ben; Khaing, Kyaw; Douka, Katerina; Roberts, Richard G. (January 2018). "pIRIR and IR-RF dating of archaeological deposits at Badahlin and Gu Myaung Caves – First luminescence ages for Myanmar". Quaternary Geochronology. 49: 262–270. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2018.01.001. S2CID 133664286. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
Murray, Nicholas J.; Keith, David A.; Duncan, Adam; Tizard, Robert; Ferrer-Paris, Jose R.; Worthington, Thomas A.; Armstrong, Kate; Nyan Hlaing; Win Thuya Htut; Aung Htat Oo; Kyaw Zay Ya; Grantham, Hedley (2020). "Myanmar's terrestrial ecosystems: Status, threats and conservation opportunities". Biological Conservation. 252 108834. Bibcode:2020BCons.25208834M. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108834. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_73305. S2CID 228850408.
Spoorenberg, Thomas (2015). "Provisional results of the 2014 census of Myanmar: The surprise that wasn't". Asian Population Studies. 11 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1080/17441730.2014.972084. S2CID 154114929.
Jones, Gavin W. (2007). "Delayed Marriage and Very Low Fertility in Pacific Asia" (PDF). Population and Development Review. 33 (3): 453–478. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2007.00180.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Spoorenberg, Thomas (2013). "Demographic changes in Myanmar since 1983: An examination of official data". Population and Development Review. 39 (2): 309–324. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2013.00593.x.
Myat (2000). "The Economic Position of Women in Burma". Asian Studies Review. 24 (2): 243–255. doi:10.1080/10357820008713272. S2CID 144323033. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
Dutta, Soumitra; Lanvin, Bruno (2025). Global Innovation Index 2025: Innovation at a Crossroads. World Intellectual Property Organization. p. 19. doi:10.34667/tind.58864. ISBN 978-92-805-3797-0. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
Calderaro, Andrea (1 May 2015). "Internet Governance Capacity Building in Post-Authoritarian Contexts. Telecom Reform and Human Rights in Myanmar" (PDF). SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2686095. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.

dragoman.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Dragoman". Archived from the original on 29 January 2015.

dvb.no (Global: low place; English: 8,813^th place)

dvb.no

Eleven Media (4 September 2013). "Income Gap 'world's widest'". The Nation. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
McCornac, Dennis (22 October 2013). "Income inequality in Burma". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
Nadi, Nang Mya (25 September 2012). "Displaced by fighting, villagers take shelter in Hpakant". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
"Blood and Gold: Inside Burma's Hidden War". Al Jazeera. 4 October 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
"Tens of thousands flee war, airstrikes in Kokang region". Democratic Voice of Burma. 12 February 2015. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2015.

english.dvb.no

"The Constitution of the Union of Burma". DVB. 1947. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 7 July 2006.

dw.com (Global: 205^th place; English: 320^th place)

"Myanmar coup: ASEAN split over the way forward". Deutsche Welle. 29 March 2021. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.

dw.de (Global: 2,755^th place; English: 3,993^rd place)

"Burma vs. Myanmar: What's in a Name". DW. 1 September 2007. Archived from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2013.

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

"A sham poll in Myanmar opens a new phase of military rule". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613.
Pyone, Taung (14 November 2019). "Monks in Myanmar have a new target". The Economist. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2019.

elevenmyanmar.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Tint, Soe (2 August 2013). "International airlines to open direct flights to Myanmar". Eleven Myanmar. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.

ethnologue.com (Global: 354^th place; English: 413^th place)

"Myanmar | Ethnologue Free". Ethnologue (Free All). Archived from the original on 9 March 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (2005). "Languages of Myanmar". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International. Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (2005). "Language Family Trees: Sino-Tibetan". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International. Archived from the original on 11 August 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2006.

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

ec.europa.eu

"The EU's relations with Burma / Myanmar". European Union. Archived from the original on 25 July 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.

fao.org (Global: 428^th place; English: 480^th place)

faostat.fao.org

"Faostat". Faostat.fao.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2012.

fidh.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"UN General Assembly Resolution: Time for Concrete Action" (Press release). International Federation for Human Rights. 20 November 2009. Archived from the original on 29 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.

france24.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 362^nd place)

"'No chance' Myanmar polls will be free and fair: US official". Agence France-Presse. France24. 11 June 2022. Retrieved 8 October 2024.
"Myanmar overtakes Afghanistan as world's biggest opium producer, UN report says". France 24. 12 December 2023.

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,395^th place; English: 2,068^th place)

"Freedom in the World 2012: Burma". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
Freedom House (2013). "Burma". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.

friendsofburma.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

lwinmoe.friendsofburma.org

"Proposal for encoding characters for Myanmar minority languages in the UCS" (PDF). International Organization for Standardization. 2 April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 9 July 2006.

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

Bennett, Will (20 August 1995). "Chindits remember their fallen comrades". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Moore, Malcolm (14 January 2011). "Nuclear Watchdog asks Burma to Open Up Suspect Sites". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
"LGBT relationships are illegal in 74 countries, research finds". The Independent. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.

globalreligiousfutures.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project: Burma Archived 10 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Pew Research Center. 2010.

goldenlandpages.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Ramayana in Myanmar's heart". Goldenland Pages. 13 September 2003. Archived from the original on 26 April 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

Murray, Nicholas J.; Keith, David A.; Duncan, Adam; Tizard, Robert; Ferrer-Paris, Jose R.; Worthington, Thomas A.; Armstrong, Kate; Nyan Hlaing; Win Thuya Htut; Aung Htat Oo; Kyaw Zay Ya; Grantham, Hedley (2020). "Myanmar's terrestrial ecosystems: Status, threats and conservation opportunities". Biological Conservation. 252 108834. Bibcode:2020BCons.25208834M. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108834. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_73305. S2CID 228850408.

hrw.org (Global: 601^st place; English: 472^nd place)

"Burma". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
"Myanmar Human Rights". Amnesty International USA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
Adams, Brad (1 September 2004). "Statement to the EU Development Committee". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 12 July 2006.
"Burma: Gem Trade Bolsters Military Regime, Fuels Atrocities". Human Rights Watch. 11 November 2007. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
"Myanmar: No Justice, No Freedom for Rohingya 5 Years On". Human Rights Watch. 24 August 2022. Archived from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.

ibiblio.org (Global: 1,093^rd place; English: 690^th place)

"Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law". State Law and Order Restoration Council. iBiblio.org. 31 May 1989. Archived from the original on 16 September 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
Han, Khin Kyaw (1 February 2003). "1990 Multi-party Democracy General Elections". National League for Democracy. iBiblio.org. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2006.

icc-cpi.int (Global: 4,245^th place; English: 3,331^st place)

"Statement of ICC Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC: Application for an arrest warrant in the situation in Bangladesh/Myanmar | International Criminal Court". www.icc-cpi.int. Retrieved 14 January 2025.

idea.int (Global: low place; English: 6,081^st place)

"Overview of Myanmar's diversity" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
"Challenges to Democratization in Burma" (PDF). International IDEA. November 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 12 July 2006.

iht.com (Global: 2,148^th place; English: 1,463^rd place)

Fountain, Henry (6 May 2008). "Aid arrives in Myanmar as death toll passes 22,000, but worst-hit area still cut off –". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008.

ilga.org (Global: 6,632^nd place; English: 5,866^th place)

"State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2018.

imf.org (Global: 225^th place; English: 601^st place)

"World Economic Outlook Database , October 2025: Edition (Myanmar)". October, 14 2025. Archived from the original on 12 October 2025. Retrieved 31 December 2025.

independent.co.uk (Global: 46^th place; English: 29^th place)

Bennett, Will (20 August 1995). "Chindits remember their fallen comrades". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Buncombe, Andrew (17 September 2011). "Burmese junta relaxes access to foreign websites". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
"LGBT relationships are illegal in 74 countries, research finds". The Independent. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.

indiewire.com (Global: 177^th place; English: 117^th place)

Knegt, Peter (12 September 2011). "TIFF List 2011: A Complete Guide To The Toronto International Film Festival". IndieWire. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 31 December 2018.

ined.fr (Global: low place; English: 9,933^rd place)

Spoorenberg, Thomas (2015). "Myanmar's first census in more than 30 years: A radical revision of the official population count" (PDF). Population & Societies. 527 (November): 1–4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2015.

international.gc.ca (Global: 5,510^th place; English: 5,486^th place)

"Canada and Myanmar relations". Government of Canada – Global Affairs Canada. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2018.

investvine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Calderon, Justin (3 July 2013). "ASEAN: As safe as we think?". Inside Investor. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2013.

ipsnews.net (Global: 6,453^rd place; English: 4,916^th place)

Macan-Markar, Marwaan. "Burma's Muslim Rohingyas – The New Boat People". Ipsnews.net. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2014.

irinnews.org (Global: 4,930^th place; English: 3,950^th place)

"Myanmar: Karen groups cautious on peace initiative". IRIN. 5 March 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2013.

irrawaddy.com (Global: 2,797^th place; English: 1,870^th place)

"Military-Backed USDP Leaders Defeated by NLD in Myanmar Election," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 12 November 2020, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Myanmar Election Body Rejects Military Allegations of Electoral Fraud," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 6 February 2021
"Myanmar Military Condemns Speaker's Refusal to Probe Election Fraud Claims," Archived 10 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 15 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"Myanmar Military Refuses to Rule Out Coup as It Presses Claim of Fraud in Nov Election," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 26 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"Myanmar Military Chief Warns Constitution Should Be Revoked If Laws Not Followed," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"Myanmar's Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to Keep State Counselor Position NLD Says," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 25 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 6 February 2021
"Tens of Thousands Take to Streets in Myanmar to Protest Military Regime," Archived 27 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine 12 November 2020, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 28 February 2021

irrawaddy.org (Global: 9,581^st place; English: 7,101^st place)

irrawaddy.org

Moe, Kyaw Zwa (August 1977). "Author Discusses Martyrs' Day Assassination of Aung San". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
Zaw, Aung (September 2006). "Can Another Asian Fill U Thant's Shoes?". The Irrawaddy. 14 (9). Archived from the original on 14 March 2012.
Weng, Lawi (24 July 2013). "Burma Govt Releases 73 Political Prisoners". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
Priestly, Harry (17 January 2006). "The Outsiders". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012.
Zaw, Aung (March 2004). "Celluloid Disillusions". Irrawaddy. 12 (3). Archived from the original on 13 February 2005.

www2.irrawaddy.org

Jha, Lalit K (21 May 2009). "2010 Burmese Election may be Illegitimate: Clinton". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2013.

irri.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Myanmar and IRRI" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2005. (21.2 KB), Facts About Cooperation, International Rice Research Institute. Retrieved 25 September 2007.

ispmyanmar.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"ISP Myanmar talk shows". 15 December 2020. Archived from the original on 10 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.

japantimes.co.jp (Global: 407^th place; English: 286^th place)

Kato, Mariko (18 February 2009). "Myanmar refugees to try resettling". Japan Times. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.

jhu.edu (Global: 560^th place; English: 313^th place)

muse.jhu.edu

Callahan, Mary P. (2017). "Distorted, Dangerous Data? Lumyo in the 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census". Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia. 32 (2): 452–478. ISSN 1793-2858.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Wong, John (March 1997). "Why Has Myanmar not Developed Like East Asia?". ASEAN Economic Bulletin. 13 (3): 344–358. ISSN 0217-4472. JSTOR 25773443. Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.

jw.org (Global: 2,051^st place; English: 5,175^th place)

"Office and Tour Information". jw.org. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.

karennews.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Saw Khar Su Nyar (KIC) (16 March 2012). "Karen fighters and Burma Army soldiers killed over ceasefire breach". Karen News. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.

kmu.gov.ua (Global: 2,560^th place; English: 9,079^th place)

"Кабінет Міністрів України – МЗС: Відбувся перший в історії українсько-м'янманських відносин офіційний візит до Республіки Союз М'янма" (in Ukrainian). Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 2 December 2024. Retrieved 27 October 2024.

learnbig.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Teacher's Guide ENGLISH GRADE 10. Myanmar: Ministry of Education, the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. 2020. pp. 8, 62. Archived from the original on 21 April 2025. Retrieved 21 April 2025. Alt URL

lexico.com (Global: 2,946^th place; English: 2,042^nd place)

Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

loc.gov

"China-Burma-India: Merrill's Marauders. Veterans History Project, Library of Congress". Loc.gov. 14 November 2012. Archived from the original on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

webarchive.loc.gov

"Freedom in the World 2012: Burma". Freedom House. Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2012.

lonelyplanet.com (Global: 2,169^th place; English: 1,718^th place)

"Getting there & away". lonelyplanet.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.

mei.edu (Global: 7,167^th place; English: 5,071^st place)

Michimi Muranushi (22 October 2019). "Japan's Defense of Myanmar and the Rohingya Genocide". Middle East Institute. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.

mg.co.za (Global: 1,859^th place; English: 952^nd place)

"More fighting feared as thousands flee Burma". Mail & Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 27 August 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2009.

middle-east-info.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The World's Most Repressive Regimes 2013" (PDF). Geneva: Freedom House. 2003. pp. vii–7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2010. Burma continues to be ruled by one of the world's most repressive regimes.

mmtimes.com (Global: 5,112^th place; English: 3,407^th place)

Mudditt, Jessica (19 November 2012). "Burma or Myanmar: Will the US make the switch?". Archived from the original on 21 March 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
"National climate change policy finalised". The Myanmar Times. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
"Myanmar set to release some 70 prisoners". The Myanmar Times. 24 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
Kyaw Hsu (19–25 September 2011). "Anyeint group returns from exile in Thailand". MM Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.

myanmarnews.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Concern in India as Al Qaeda announces new India front". Myanmar News.Net. 4 September 2014. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2026.

myanmars.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Yee Yee Aung. "Skeletal Remains of Nyaunggan, Budalin Township, Monywa District, Sagaing Division". Perspective July 2002. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2008.
"Myanmar. States & Regions". Myanmar's NET. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013.
""Flora and Fauna" at". Myanmars.net. Archived from the original on 23 September 2006. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

myanmartravelinformation.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"The Worshipping of Nats – The Special Festival of Mount Popa". Myanmar Travel Information. Archived from the original on 23 June 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2012.

nationmultimedia.com (Global: 4,499^th place; English: 3,399^th place)

Eleven Media (4 September 2013). "Income Gap 'world's widest'". The Nation. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
McCornac, Dennis (22 October 2013). "Income inequality in Burma". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.

nbcnews.com (Global: 156^th place; English: 101^st place)

"Fighting forces up to 30,000 to flee Myanmar". NBC News. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

nbr.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Cabellero-Anthony, Mely (March 2014). ""Myanmar's Chairmanship of ASEAN: Challenges and Opportunities", Myanmar's Growing Regional Role". NBR Special Report. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2014.

ncgub.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"NCGUB". National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2012.

news-eleven.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"နေပြည်တော်၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးနှင့် ပြည်နယ်များတွင် ခရိုင် ၄၆ ခရိုင် အသစ်တိုးချဲ့ဖွဲ့စည်းသည့်အတွက် စုစုပေါင်းခရိုင် ၁၂၁ ခရိုင်ရှိလာ". News Eleven (in Burmese). Myanmar. 1 May 2025. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2025.

newsbank.com (Global: 492^nd place; English: 245^th place)

nl.newsbank.com

"Burma, India to sign accord on use of India's remote sensing satellite data". NewsLibrary.com. 9 March 2006. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

nikkei.com (Global: 169^th place; English: 849^th place)

asia.nikkei.com

"Myanmar coup: Week(s) of Feb.1 to Feb. 21, EU action in focus as foreign ministers set to meet; Candlelight vigil held in Yangon; Facebook removes military's 'True News' page," Archived 2 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine (reverse chronology) 1 February through 21 February 2021, Nikkei Asia, retrieved 1 March 2021

niu.edu (Global: 5,123^rd place; English: 3,072^nd place)

seasite.niu.edu

Cooler, Richard M. (2002). "The Art and Culture of Burma (Chapter 1)". DeKalb: Northern Illinois University. Archived from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2012.

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)

Habib, Mohshin; Ahmad, Salahuddin; Jubb, Christine; Pallard, Henri; Rahman, Masudur; Ontario International Development Agency (issuing body) (2018). Forced migration of Rohingya : the untold experience. Ontario International Development Agency, Canada. p. 69. ISBN 9780986681516. Retrieved 30 October 2024.

nouvelobs.com (Global: 565^th place; English: 2,762^nd place)

tempsreel.nouvelobs.com

"Birmanie: 87.000 Rohingyas réfugiés au Bangladesh en dix jours, selon l'ONU". L'Obs. 4 September 2017. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
"L'actualité sur Birmanie par L'Obs". L'Obs. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.

novinite.com (Global: 4,605^th place; English: 3,679^th place)

"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Erlanger, Steven: "Burmese Vote Rejects Army Rule With Big Victory for Opposition," Archived 15 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 29 May 1990, The New York Times, retrieved 1 March 2021
Fuller, Thomas (28 August 2009). "Refugees Flee to China as Fighting Breaks Out in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 February 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
Fuller, Thomas (4 April 2013). "Ethnic Rifts Strain Myanmar as It Moves Toward Democracy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
MacFarquhar, Neil (22 October 2010). "U.N. Doubts Fairness of Election in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 July 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
Myers, Steven Lee (2 December 2011). "Clinton Says U.S. Will Relax Some Restrictions on Myanmar". The New York Times. p. A6. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
Moe, Wae; Ramzy, Austin (15 March 2016). "Myanmar Lawmakers Name Htin Kyaw President, Affirming Civilian Rule". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2025. Retrieved 18 October 2025.
"Myanmar Election Delivers Another Decisive Win for Aung San Suu Kyi," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 11 November 2020, The New York Times, retrieved 18 December 2020
Wee, Sui-Lee (5 December 2021). "Fatalities Reported After Military Truck Rams Protesters in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Madhani, Aamer (16 November 2012). "Obama administration eases Burma sanctions before visit". USA Today. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Fuller, Thomas; Geitner, Paul (23 April 2012). "European Union Suspends Most Myanmar Sanctions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012.
Myers, Steven Lee; Mydans, Seth (13 January 2012). "U.S. to Renew Myanmar Ties in Light of Reforms". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
"Yangon Stock Exchange Formally Opens for Business". The New York Times. 25 March 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
In Myanmar, Sports Choices Raise Concerns. January 27, 2013. The New York Times. Thomas Fuller.

oilseedcrops.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

DuByne, David (November 2015), "Geothermal Energy in Myanmar Securing Electricity for Eastern Border Development" (PDF), Myanmar Business Today Magazine: 6–8, archived (PDF) from the original on 20 November 2015, retrieved 20 November 2015

opentechfund.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Internet Access and Openness: Myanmar 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 April 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.

payap.ac.th (Global: low place; English: low place)

isrc.payap.ac.th

Ling, Samuel Ngun (2003). "The Encounter of Missionary Christianity and Resurgent Buddhism in Post-colonial Myanmar" (PDF). Payap University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2006.

ponyate.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"PonYate ethnic population dashboard". Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.

ppionline.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"PPI: Almost Half of All World Health Spending is in the United States". 17 January 2007. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011.

radioaustralia.net.au (Global: low place; English: low place)

Woodley, Naomi (12 July 2013). "Carr apprehensive about Rohingyas' future in Myanmar". AM. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"Aung San Suu Kyi arrives in Thailand for official visit". Radio Australia. 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

Vakulchuk, Roman; Kyaw Kyaw Hlaing; Edward Ziwa Naing; Indra Overland; Beni Suryadi and Sanjayan Velautham (2017). Myanmar's Attractiveness for Investment in the Energy Sector. A Comparative International Perspective. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and Myanmar Institute of Strategic and International Studies (MISIS) Report. p. 8.
Overland, I. et al. (2017). Impact of Climate Change on ASEAN International Affairs: Risk and Opportunity Multiplier Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and Myanmar Institute of International and Strategic Studies (MISIS).
Stokke, Kristian; Vakulchuk, Roman and Indra Overland (2018) Myanmar: A Political Economy Analysis Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI). Report commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

reuters.com

Greenwood, Faine (27 May 2013). "The 8 Stages of Genocide Against Burma's Rohingya | UN DispatchUN Dispatch". Undispatch.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"EU welcomes "measured" Myanmar response to rioting". Reuters. 11 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
"Q&A: Communal violence in Burma". BBC. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
"Explainer: Crisis in Myanmar after army alleges election fraud," Archived 28 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 31 January 2021, updated 1 February 2021, Reuters News Service, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Japan should not follow the Western policy on Myanmar – Diplomat op-ed". Reuters. 26 May 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Azhar, Danial (19 January 2025). "ASEAN tells Myanmar junta peace, not election, is priority". Reuters. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
Aung Hla Htun (16 March 2012). "Exclusive: Myanmar drafts new foreign investment rules". Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
"Huge fentanyl haul seized in Asia's biggest-ever drugs bust". Reuters. 18 May 2020. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023 – via www.reuters.com.
Daly, Tom (26 March 2021). "China rare earths extend surge on worries over Myanmar supply, inspection threat". Reuters. Archived from the original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.

uk.reuters.com

"Myanmar". Reuters. 9 February 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2012.

in.reuters.com

"Reuters, Cyclone-hit Myanmar says 92 percent back charter". Reuters. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

rfa.org (Global: 1,640^th place; English: 2,234^th place)

"Myanmar Kokang Rebels Deny Receiving Chinese Weapons Archived 11 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine". Radio Free Asia.

sciencemediacentre.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Expert reaction to Myanmar earthquake". Science Media Center. 28 March 2025. Archived from the original on 28 March 2025. Retrieved 28 March 2025.

scmp.com (Global: 302^nd place; English: 189^th place)

"India has a history of involvement in its neighbours' affairs. Why has it not condemned the Myanmar coup?". South China Morning Post. 24 February 2021. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Schaarschmidt, Maria; Fu, Xiao; Li, Bo; Marwick, Ben; Khaing, Kyaw; Douka, Katerina; Roberts, Richard G. (January 2018). "pIRIR and IR-RF dating of archaeological deposits at Badahlin and Gu Myaung Caves – First luminescence ages for Myanmar". Quaternary Geochronology. 49: 262–270. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2018.01.001. S2CID 133664286. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
Murray, Nicholas J.; Keith, David A.; Duncan, Adam; Tizard, Robert; Ferrer-Paris, Jose R.; Worthington, Thomas A.; Armstrong, Kate; Nyan Hlaing; Win Thuya Htut; Aung Htat Oo; Kyaw Zay Ya; Grantham, Hedley (2020). "Myanmar's terrestrial ecosystems: Status, threats and conservation opportunities". Biological Conservation. 252 108834. Bibcode:2020BCons.25208834M. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108834. hdl:1959.4/unsworks_73305. S2CID 228850408.
Spoorenberg, Thomas (2015). "Provisional results of the 2014 census of Myanmar: The surprise that wasn't". Asian Population Studies. 11 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1080/17441730.2014.972084. S2CID 154114929.
Myat (2000). "The Economic Position of Women in Burma". Asian Studies Review. 24 (2): 243–255. doi:10.1080/10357820008713272. S2CID 144323033. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

sjsu.edu (Global: 7,460^th place; English: 4,844^th place)

www2.sjsu.edu

Watkins, Thayer. "Political and Economic History of Myanmar (Burma) Economics". San Jose State University. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2006.

slate.com (Global: 409^th place; English: 260^th place)

slatest.slate.com

Hepler, Lauren; Voorhees, Josh (1 December 2011). "Budding Friendship on Display as Clinton, Burma's Suu Kyi Meet Again". Slate. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Wrapping up a historic three-day visit to Myanmar [Burma], the first by a secretary of state to the Southeast Asian nation in more than 50 years

smh.com.au (Global: 154^th place; English: 94^th place)

Murdoch, Lindsay (29 September 2011). "Burma flags mass release of political prisoners". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.

soas.ac.uk (Global: 4,148^th place; English: 2,409^th place)

Booth, Anne (Spring 2003). "The Burma Development Disaster in Comparative Historical Perspective". SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research. 1 (1). ISSN 1479-8484. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2012.

southernmyanmar.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Southern Myanmar". southernmyanmar.com. p. Tourist Destinations. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015.

state.gov (Global: 228^th place; English: 204^th place)

state.gov

Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance. "Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Non-Proliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments" (PDF). 2019 Compliance Report. United States Department of State. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
"Burma—International Religious Freedom Report 2010". U.S. Department of State. 17 November 2010. Archived from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2011.

travel.state.gov

"Burma or Myanmar? Obama calls it both on visit". Asian Correspondent. Bristol, England: Hybrid News Limited. Associated Press. 19 November 2012. Archived from the original on 21 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. Yangon, Burma (AP) – Officially at least, America still calls this Southeast Asian nation Burma, the favoured appellation of dissidents and pro-democracy activists who opposed the former military junta's move to summarily change its name 23 years ago.
Jason Burke (19 November 2012). "Burma v Myanmar – what's in a name? Obama plays it safe during historic visit". The Guardian.
"Burma (Myanmar)". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.

2009-2017.state.gov

"Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs". U.S. Department of State. August 2005. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

2001-2009.state.gov

"International Religious Freedom Report 2007 – Burma". U.S. Department of State. 14 September 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

steelguru.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"India to develop two hydel power projects in Myanmar – 56908". Steelguru.com. 1 August 2008. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

tayzathuria.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Enescu, Raluca (24 December 2006). "Burma Digest". Tayzathuria.org.uk. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011.

tbbc.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

Thailand Burma Border Consortium (2007). "Internal Displacement in Eastern Burma 2006 Survey". Archived from the original on 15 May 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2007.

telegraph.co.uk (Global: 40^th place; English: 27^th place)

Moore, Malcolm (14 January 2011). "Nuclear Watchdog asks Burma to Open Up Suspect Sites". The Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
Guardia, Anton La (24 June 2005). "Myanmar's 'slow genocide' is revealed through the eyes of its child victims". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 20 November 2012.^{[dead link]}

thedailybeast.com (Global: 517^th place; English: 315^th place)

Brady, Brendan (7 September 2012). "Boom Days in Burma". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
"Burma Abolishes Censorship". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.

thediplomat.com (Global: 1,377^th place; English: 912^th place)

"China Responds to Bloodshed in Myanmar With Deafening Silence". The Diplomat. 2 March 2021. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
Subramanian, Sribala. "Rare Earths in Myanmar: Unobtanium?". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; English: 11^th place)

"Burma or Myanmar? Obama calls it both on visit". Asian Correspondent. Bristol, England: Hybrid News Limited. Associated Press. 19 November 2012. Archived from the original on 21 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. Yangon, Burma (AP) – Officially at least, America still calls this Southeast Asian nation Burma, the favoured appellation of dissidents and pro-democracy activists who opposed the former military junta's move to summarily change its name 23 years ago.
Jason Burke (19 November 2012). "Burma v Myanmar – what's in a name? Obama plays it safe during historic visit". The Guardian.
"Burma (Myanmar)". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
Tallentire, Mark (28 September 2007). "The Burma road to ruin". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
Stevenson, Rachel; Borger, Julian & MacKinnon, Ian (9 May 2008). "Burma snubs foreign aid workers". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
Golluoglu, Esmer (4 February 2012). "Aung San Suu Kyi hails 'new era' for Burma after landslide victory". The Guardian. London.
Min Ye Kyaw; Rebecca Ratcliffe (28 March 2023). "Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy party dissolved". The Guardian. Bangkok, Thailand. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
Tisdall, Simon (4 July 2011). "Aung San Suu Kyi has to tread softly – but governments must tell it like it is". The Guardian. UK.
Walker, Peter (12 November 2010). "Guardian report on Aung's release from house arrest". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ratcliffe, Rebecca (6 December 2021). "Myanmar's junta condemned over guilty verdicts in Aung San Suu Kyi trial". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

thehindu.com (Global: 72^nd place; English: 37^th place)

Kipgen, Nehginpao (23 May 2017). "The united states of Myanmar?". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
"About 75,000 Rohingyas in Myanmar camps: Refugee International". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 29 September 2012. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2013.

thewire.in (Global: 2,145^th place; English: 1,089^th place)

"On Bloodiest Day for Myanmar Civilians, India Attends Military Parade by Coup Leaders". The Wire. 28 March 2021. Archived from the original on 28 March 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.

time.com (Global: 84^th place; English: 63^rd place)

Horn, Robert (11 April 2011). "Is Burma's Strongman Really Retiring?". Time. Archived from the original on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
"For Rohingya in Bangladesh, No Place is Home". Time. 19 February 2010. Archived from the original on 20 February 2010.
"Asians v. Asians". Time. 17 July 1964. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.(subscription required)
Barron, Laignee (8 March 2018). "More Than 43,000 Rohingya Parents May Be Missing. Experts Fear They Are Dead". TIME Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 February 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.

timesonline.co.uk (Global: 437^th place; English: 317^th place)

"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

tni.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"A Changing Ethnic Landscape: Analysis of Burma's 2010 Polls". Transnational Institute – Burma Project. TNI. 14 December 2010. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2013.

total.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

burma.total.com

Total. "Oil and Gas in Myanmar". Archived from the original on 15 April 2015.

tourismburma.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Restricted Areas in Burma". Tourism Burma. 2013. Archived from the original on 2 January 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.

transparency.org (Global: 4,270^th place; English: 4,412^th place)

"The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency. 11 February 2025. Archived from the original on 13 March 2026.

treasury.gov (Global: 2,054^th place; English: 1,537^th place)

"Frequently Asked Questions and Answers". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 18 March 2013. Archived from the original on 27 July 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.

ttgmice.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Pheonix Voyages appointed travel manager for Myanmar's first major summit". TTGmice. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.

ucl.ac.uk (Global: 1,187^th place; English: 756^th place)

phon.ucl.ac.uk

Wells, John (11 October 2007). "Myanmar, shar peis and sarnies". John Wells's Phonetic Blog. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 5 December 2025.

umich.edu (Global: 429^th place; English: 307^th place)

students.law.umich.edu

Howse, Robert; Jared M. Genser. "Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible With WTO Law?" (PDF). Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible with WTO Law?: 166 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2010. repressive and abusive military regime

un.org (Global: 117^th place; English: 160^th place)

un.org

"List of Least Developed Countries". UN-OHRLLS. 2005. Archived from the original on 26 October 2013.
WorldMarriage Patterns 2000 Archived 25 December 2003 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations

population.un.org

"World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
"World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950–2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.

unaids.org (Global: 5,918^th place; English: 5,356^th place)

data.unaids.org

"A scaled-up response to AIDS in Asia and the Pacific" (PDF). UNAIDS. 1 July 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2007. Retrieved 10 January 2007.
"Asia" (PDF). UNAIDS. December 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2007.

undispatch.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Greenwood, Faine (27 May 2013). "The 8 Stages of Genocide Against Burma's Rohingya | UN DispatchUN Dispatch". Undispatch.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"EU welcomes "measured" Myanmar response to rioting". Reuters. 11 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
"Q&A: Communal violence in Burma". BBC. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2013.

undocs.org (Global: 2,993^rd place; English: 2,312^th place)

United Nations General Assembly Session 54 Verbotim Report 83. A/54/PV.83 page 30. The President 17 December 1999 at 10:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations General Assembly Session 55 Verbotim Report 81. A/55/PV.81 page 22. The President 4 December 2000 at 15:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations General Assembly Session 56 Verbotim Report 92. A/56/PV.92 page 7. 24 December 2001 at 11:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations General Assembly Session 60 Verbotim Report 69. A/60/PV.69 page 19. The President 23 December 2005 at 10:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations General Assembly Session 61 Verbotim Report 84. A/61/PV.84 page 14. 22 December 2006 at 10:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations Security Council Document 14. S/2007/14 12 January 2007. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
United Nations Security Council Verbotim Report 5619. S/PV/5619 page 3. Mr. Kumalo South Africa 12 January 2007 at 16:00. Retrieved 25 September 2007.

undp.org (Global: 638^th place; English: 1,294^th place)

hdr.undp.org

"Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.

unesco.org (Global: 104^th place; English: 170^th place)

uis.unesco.org

"Adult (15+) Literacy Rates and Illiterate Population by Region and Gender for". UNESCO Institute of Statistics. April 2006. Archived from the original (XLS) on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2006.

unfpa.org (Global: 4,582^nd place; English: 4,580^th place)

myanmar.unfpa.org

Department of Population (July 2016). "The Union Report: Religion" (PDF). The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census. Myammar: Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 December 2025. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
"The 2014 Myanmar Populations and Housing Census" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2024.

unhcr.org (Global: 2,079^th place; English: 1,696^th place)

unhcr.org

"Myanmar: Final push on political prisoners needed". 27 September 2012. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
"2013 UNHCR country operations profile – Thailand". UNHCR. Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
"Myanmar Refugees in South East Asia" (PDF). UNHCR. April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.

data.unhcr.org

"Myanmar Situation". data.unhcr.org. 31 December 2024. Archived from the original on 18 January 2026. Retrieved 21 January 2025.

unicef.org (Global: 2,177^th place; English: 1,857^th place)

"At a glance: Myanmar – statistics". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 1 September 2010. Retrieved 9 January 2007.

unodc.org (Global: 2,954^th place; English: 2,575^th place)

"Myanmar Opium Survey 2021: Cultivation, Production and Implications". February 2022. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
"Synthetic Drugs in East and Southeast Asia: Latest Developments and Challenges 2022". May 2022. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
agt. "UNODC: Global Study on Homicide". Archived from the original on 2 June 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2015.

uow.edu.au (Global: 7,259^th place; English: 4,435^th place)

ro.uow.edu.au

Schaarschmidt, Maria; Fu, Xiao; Li, Bo; Marwick, Ben; Khaing, Kyaw; Douka, Katerina; Roberts, Richard G. (January 2018). "pIRIR and IR-RF dating of archaeological deposits at Badahlin and Gu Myaung Caves – First luminescence ages for Myanmar". Quaternary Geochronology. 49: 262–270. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2018.01.001. S2CID 133664286. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

upload.wikimedia.org (Global: 1,245^th place; English: 1,259^th place)

examples of two-syllable pronunciations: /ˌmjænˈmɑːr/, /ˈmjænmɑːr/, /ˌmjɑːnˈmɑːr/ ^ⓘ, or /ˈmjɑːnmɑːr/

usatoday.com (Global: 55^th place; English: 36^th place)

Madhani, Aamer (16 November 2012). "Obama administration eases Burma sanctions before visit". USA Today. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Fuller, Thomas; Geitner, Paul (23 April 2012). "European Union Suspends Most Myanmar Sanctions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012.

usgs.gov (Global: 119^th place; English: 145^th place)

pubs.usgs.gov

"U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2021" (PDF). usgs.gov. USGS. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.

usip.org (Global: 5,800^th place; English: 4,363^rd place)

"What's in a Name: Burma or Myanmar?". United States Institute of Peace. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.

usyd.edu.au (Global: 6,698^th place; English: 4,285^th place)

acl.arts.usyd.edu.au

Hudson, Bob (March 2005). "A Pyu Homeland in the Samon Valley: a new theory of the origins of Myanmar's early urban system" (PDF). Myanmar Historical Commission Golden Jubilee International Conference: 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2013.

uvm.edu (Global: 7,313^th place; English: 4,496^th place)

"Gems of Burma and their Environmental Impact". Uvm.edu. Archived from the original on 26 May 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2012.

v-dem.net (Global: low place; English: 8,247^th place)

"Democracy Report 2026, Unraveling The Democratic Era?" (PDF). V-Dem Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2026. Retrieved 17 March 2026.

vietnamplus.vn (Global: 4,298^th place; English: 6,775^th place)

en.vietnamplus.vn

Vietnam News Agency (17 December 2019). "PM calls for stronger Vietnam-Myanmar parliamentary ties". VietnamPlus. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.

voanews.com (Global: 665^th place; English: 615^th place)

"Burma Frees 56 Political Prisoners". Voice of America. 22 April 2013. Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
"Myanmar's Economic Meltdown Likely to Push Opium Output Up, Says UN". 31 May 2021. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35^th place; English: 24^th place)

Cody, Edward (27 September 2007). "Caution by Junta's Asian Neighbors Reflects Their Self-Interest". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 7 July 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Myanmar | Ethnologue Free". Ethnologue (Free All). Archived from the original on 9 March 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
"Overview of Myanmar's diversity" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
"ISP Myanmar talk shows". 15 December 2020. Archived from the original on 10 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
"PonYate ethnic population dashboard". Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
Department of Population (July 2016). "The Union Report: Religion" (PDF). The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census. Myammar: Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 December 2025. Retrieved 30 March 2025.
"Burma". The World Factbook. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 8 August 2023. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2021.
"Myanmar's Constitution of 2008" (PDF). constituteproject.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
Teacher's Guide ENGLISH GRADE 10. Myanmar: Ministry of Education, the Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. 2020. pp. 8, 62. Archived from the original on 21 April 2025. Retrieved 21 April 2025. Alt URL
"The 2014 Myanmar Populations and Housing Census" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
"World Economic Outlook Database , October 2025: Edition (Myanmar)". October, 14 2025. Archived from the original on 12 October 2025. Retrieved 31 December 2025.
"GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
"Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
Greenwood, Faine (27 May 2013). "The 8 Stages of Genocide Against Burma's Rohingya | UN DispatchUN Dispatch". Undispatch.com. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"EU welcomes "measured" Myanmar response to rioting". Reuters. 11 June 2012. Archived from the original on 6 August 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
"Q&A: Communal violence in Burma". BBC. Archived from the original on 16 April 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
Wong, John (March 1997). "Why Has Myanmar not Developed Like East Asia?". ASEAN Economic Bulletin. 13 (3): 344–358. ISSN 0217-4472. JSTOR 25773443. Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
Eleven Media (4 September 2013). "Income Gap 'world's widest'". The Nation. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
McCornac, Dennis (22 October 2013). "Income inequality in Burma". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
"Burma". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
"Myanmar Human Rights". Amnesty International USA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
"Myanmar Situation". data.unhcr.org. 31 December 2024. Archived from the original on 18 January 2026. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
"What's in a Name: Burma or Myanmar?". United States Institute of Peace. Archived from the original on 19 July 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"Should it be Burma or Myanmar?". 26 September 2007. Archived from the original on 18 May 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"NCGUB". National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma. Archived from the original on 9 September 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
"Burma or Myanmar? Obama calls it both on visit". Asian Correspondent. Bristol, England: Hybrid News Limited. Associated Press. 19 November 2012. Archived from the original on 21 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012. Yangon, Burma (AP) – Officially at least, America still calls this Southeast Asian nation Burma, the favoured appellation of dissidents and pro-democracy activists who opposed the former military junta's move to summarily change its name 23 years ago.
Jason Burke (19 November 2012). "Burma v Myanmar – what's in a name? Obama plays it safe during historic visit". The Guardian.
"Burma (Myanmar)". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"Countries, economies and regions – Myanmar". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"Burma vs. Myanmar: What's in a Name". DW. 1 September 2007. Archived from the original on 22 March 2015. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
Mudditt, Jessica (19 November 2012). "Burma or Myanmar: Will the US make the switch?". Archived from the original on 21 March 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
Dittmer, Lowell (2010). Burma Or Myanmar? The Struggle for National Identity. World Scientific. p. 2. ISBN 9789814313643. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"Representations and travel advice – Myanmar". Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"Canada and Myanmar relations". Government of Canada – Global Affairs Canada. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
"Кабінет Міністрів України – МЗС: Відбувся перший в історії українсько-м'янманських відносин офіційний візит до Республіки Союз М'янма" (in Ukrainian). Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 2 December 2024. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
"Myanmar profile". BBC News. 16 July 2013. Archived from the original on 26 June 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
"Myanmar Fast Facts". CNN. 30 July 2013. Archived from the original on 29 May 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
"Myanmar blast hits anti-Muslim monk's event – Asia-Pacific". Al Jazeera. 22 July 2013. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
"Myanmar". Reuters. 9 February 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2012.
Woodley, Naomi (12 July 2013). "Carr apprehensive about Rohingyas' future in Myanmar". AM. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"Aung San Suu Kyi arrives in Thailand for official visit". Radio Australia. 23 June 2016. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
"'Birmanie ou Myanmar ? Le vrai faux débat francophone' – La France en Birmanie". Ambafrance-mm.org. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 13 April 2014.
"Birmanie: 87.000 Rohingyas réfugiés au Bangladesh en dix jours, selon l'ONU". L'Obs. 4 September 2017. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
"L'actualité sur Birmanie par L'Obs". L'Obs. Archived from the original on 12 December 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
Martha Figueroa-Clark (26 September 2007). "How to say Myanmar". Magazine Monitor. An occasional guide to the words and names in the news from Martha Figueroa-Clark of the BBC Pronunciation Unit. BBC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
"Definition of MYANMAR by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com (British & World English)". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
"Myanmar". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
Thackrah, J. R. "Definition of Myanmar". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
"Myanmar – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
Ammon, Ulrich (2004). Sociolinguistics: An International Handbook of the Science of Language and Society. Vol. 3/3 (2nd ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-018418-1.
Wells, John (11 October 2007). "Myanmar, shar peis and sarnies". John Wells's Phonetic Blog. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 5 December 2025.
Win Naing Tun (24 July 2015). "Prehistory to Protohistory of Myanmar: A Perspective of Historical Geography" (PDF). Myanmar Environment Institute. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 October 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2016. Homo erectus had lived in Myanmar 750,000 years ago
Bowman, John Stewart Bowman (2013). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 476. ISBN 978-0-231-50004-3.
Schaarschmidt, Maria; Fu, Xiao; Li, Bo; Marwick, Ben; Khaing, Kyaw; Douka, Katerina; Roberts, Richard G. (January 2018). "pIRIR and IR-RF dating of archaeological deposits at Badahlin and Gu Myaung Caves – First luminescence ages for Myanmar". Quaternary Geochronology. 49: 262–270. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2018.01.001. S2CID 133664286. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
Cooler, Richard M. (2002). "The Art and Culture of Burma (Chapter 1)". DeKalb: Northern Illinois University. Archived from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
Yee Yee Aung. "Skeletal Remains of Nyaunggan, Budalin Township, Monywa District, Sagaing Division". Perspective July 2002. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2008.
Hudson, Bob (March 2005). "A Pyu Homeland in the Samon Valley: a new theory of the origins of Myanmar's early urban system" (PDF). Myanmar Historical Commission Golden Jubilee International Conference: 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 November 2013.
"China-Burma-India: Merrill's Marauders. Veterans History Project, Library of Congress". Loc.gov. 14 November 2012. Archived from the original on 28 March 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Moe, Kyaw Zwa (August 1977). "Author Discusses Martyrs' Day Assassination of Aung San". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
"The Constitution of the Union of Burma". DVB. 1947. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 7 July 2006.
Zaw, Aung (September 2006). "Can Another Asian Fill U Thant's Shoes?". The Irrawaddy. 14 (9). Archived from the original on 14 March 2012.
Kipgen, Nehginpao (23 May 2017). "The united states of Myanmar?". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
Tallentire, Mark (28 September 2007). "The Burma road to ruin". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
"Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law". State Law and Order Restoration Council. iBiblio.org. 31 May 1989. Archived from the original on 16 September 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
Erlanger, Steven: "Burmese Vote Rejects Army Rule With Big Victory for Opposition," Archived 15 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, 29 May 1990, The New York Times, retrieved 1 March 2021
Han, Khin Kyaw (1 February 2003). "1990 Multi-party Democracy General Elections". National League for Democracy. iBiblio.org. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2006.
Horn, Robert (11 April 2011). "Is Burma's Strongman Really Retiring?". Time. Archived from the original on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
"Burma's new capital stages parade". BBC News. 27 March 2006. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2006.
"Burma leaders double fuel prices". BBC News. 15 August 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Booth, Jenny (24 September 2007). "Military junta threatens monks in Burma". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 April 2010.
"100,000 Protestors Flood Streets of Rangoon in "Saffron Revolution"". Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2009.
Fink, Christina (2009). "The Moment of the Monks: Burma, 2007". In Adam Roberts; Timothy Garton Ash (eds.). Civil Resistance and Power Politics: The Experience of Non-violent Action from Gandhi to the Present. Oxford University Press. pp. 354–70. ISBN 978-0-19-955201-6. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
"UN envoy warns of Myanmar crisis". English.aljazeera.net. Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Fountain, Henry (6 May 2008). "Aid arrives in Myanmar as death toll passes 22,000, but worst-hit area still cut off –". International Herald Tribune. Archived from the original on 11 October 2008.
"Official: UN plane lands in Myanmar with aid after cyclone". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
Stevenson, Rachel; Borger, Julian & MacKinnon, Ian (9 May 2008). "Burma snubs foreign aid workers". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
"Burma: imperialists exploit natural disaster to promote regime change". Proletarian Online. June 2008. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
"Fighting forces up to 30,000 to flee Myanmar". NBC News. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
"More fighting feared as thousands flee Burma". Mail & Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 27 August 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2017. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
Fuller, Thomas (28 August 2009). "Refugees Flee to China as Fighting Breaks Out in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 February 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
"Thousands Flee Burma Violence". BBC News. 26 August 2009. Archived from the original on 29 August 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2009.
"Restricted Areas in Burma". Tourism Burma. 2013. Archived from the original on 2 January 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
Fuller, Thomas (4 April 2013). "Ethnic Rifts Strain Myanmar as It Moves Toward Democracy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 July 2016. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
Nadi, Nang Mya (25 September 2012). "Displaced by fighting, villagers take shelter in Hpakant". Democratic Voice of Burma. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
"Blood and Gold: Inside Burma's Hidden War". Al Jazeera. 4 October 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
"About 75,000 Rohingyas in Myanmar camps: Refugee International". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 29 September 2012. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
Power, Samantha (9 November 2012). "Supporting Human Rights in Burma". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2013 – via National Archives.
"Myanmar Shan refugees struggle at Thai border". Al Jazeera. 2 October 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
Saw Khar Su Nyar (KIC) (16 March 2012). "Karen fighters and Burma Army soldiers killed over ceasefire breach". Karen News. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
"Myanmar: Karen groups cautious on peace initiative". IRIN. 5 March 2012. Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
"Concern in India as Al Qaeda announces new India front". Myanmar News.Net. 4 September 2014. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
"Tens of thousands flee war, airstrikes in Kokang region". Democratic Voice of Burma. 12 February 2015. Archived from the original on 28 March 2015. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
"Myanmar Kokang Rebels Deny Receiving Chinese Weapons Archived 11 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine". Radio Free Asia.
Lintner, Bertil (5 April 2017). "A Chinese war in Myanmar". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
"A Changing Ethnic Landscape: Analysis of Burma's 2010 Polls". Transnational Institute – Burma Project. TNI. 14 December 2010. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
MacFarquhar, Neil (22 October 2010). "U.N. Doubts Fairness of Election in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 July 2017. Retrieved 25 February 2017.
"Myanmar profile – Timeline". BBC News. 3 September 2018. Archived from the original on 26 March 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
Loyn, David (19 November 2011). "Obstacles lie ahead in Burma's bid for reform". BBC. Archived from the original on 18 November 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
Hepler, Lauren; Voorhees, Josh (1 December 2011). "Budding Friendship on Display as Clinton, Burma's Suu Kyi Meet Again". Slate. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Wrapping up a historic three-day visit to Myanmar [Burma], the first by a secretary of state to the Southeast Asian nation in more than 50 years
Myers, Steven Lee (2 December 2011). "Clinton Says U.S. Will Relax Some Restrictions on Myanmar". The New York Times. p. A6. Archived from the original on 1 December 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
"US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to visit Burma". BBC. 18 November 2011. Archived from the original on 20 November 2011. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
Cabellero-Anthony, Mely (March 2014). ""Myanmar's Chairmanship of ASEAN: Challenges and Opportunities", Myanmar's Growing Regional Role". NBR Special Report. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 4 August 2014.
"Myanmar's 2015 landmark elections explained," Archived 21 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 3 December 2015, BBC News, retrieved 1 March 2021
"Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy Wins Majority in Myanmar". BBC News. 13 November 2015. Archived from the original on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
"Suu Kyi's novice MPs learn ropes in outgoing Myanmar parliament". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.
Moe, Wae; Ramzy, Austin (15 March 2016). "Myanmar Lawmakers Name Htin Kyaw President, Affirming Civilian Rule". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 15 August 2025. Retrieved 18 October 2025.
"Myanmar Election Delivers Another Decisive Win for Aung San Suu Kyi," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 11 November 2020, The New York Times, retrieved 18 December 2020
"Myanmar: Aung San Suu Kyi's party wins majority in election," Archived 29 March 2023 at the Wayback Machine 11 November 2020, BBC News, retrieved 18 December 2020
"Myanmar election commission rejects military's fraud claims," Archived 3 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 29 January 2021, Associated Press, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Explainer: Crisis in Myanmar after army alleges election fraud," Archived 28 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 31 January 2021, updated 1 February 2021, Reuters News Service, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Military-Backed USDP Leaders Defeated by NLD in Myanmar Election," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 12 November 2020, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Myanmar Election Body Rejects Military Allegations of Electoral Fraud," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 6 February 2021
"Myanmar Military Condemns Speaker's Refusal to Probe Election Fraud Claims," Archived 10 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 15 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"Myanmar Military Refuses to Rule Out Coup as It Presses Claim of Fraud in Nov Election," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 26 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"Military Threats: Coup Fears Overshadow Myanmar Parliament Opening," Archived 30 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine Channel NewsAsia,
"Myanmar Military Chief Warns Constitution Should Be Revoked If Laws Not Followed," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 7 February 2021
"UN, embassies fret over Myanmar coup talk," Archived 24 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 28 January 2021, Bangkok Post, retrieved 30 January 2021
"Myanmar's Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to Keep State Counselor Position NLD Says," Archived 1 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine 25 January 2021, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 6 February 2021
"Myanmar coup: Aung San Suu Kyi detained as military seizes control". BBC News. 1 February 2021. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
"Myanmar coup: Week(s) of Feb.1 to Feb. 21, EU action in focus as foreign ministers set to meet; Candlelight vigil held in Yangon; Facebook removes military's 'True News' page," Archived 2 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine (reverse chronology) 1 February through 21 February 2021, Nikkei Asia, retrieved 1 March 2021
"Myanmar Military Takes Power for One Year, Suu Kyi in Detention". Bloomberg.com. 31 January 2021. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021 – via www.bloomberg.com.
Regan, Helen. "Chinese factories set on fire in Myanmar in deadliest day since coup". CNN. Archived from the original on 15 March 2021. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
"Myanmar coup: Teachers join growing protests against military," Archived 22 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine 5 February 2021, BBC News, retrieved 28 February 2021
"Tens of Thousands Take to Streets in Myanmar to Protest Military Regime," Archived 27 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine 12 November 2020, The Irrawaddy, retrieved 28 February 2021
"On Bloodiest Day for Myanmar Civilians, India Attends Military Parade by Coup Leaders". The Wire. 28 March 2021. Archived from the original on 28 March 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
"China Responds to Bloodshed in Myanmar With Deafening Silence". The Diplomat. 2 March 2021. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
"India has a history of involvement in its neighbours' affairs. Why has it not condemned the Myanmar coup?". South China Morning Post. 24 February 2021. Archived from the original on 16 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
"Myanmar coup: ASEAN split over the way forward". Deutsche Welle. 29 March 2021. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
Rising, David (30 April 2026). "Myanmar army shifts to offense as resistance weakens in bloody civil war". AP News. Archived from the original on 7 May 2026. Retrieved 13 May 2026.
"Expert reaction to Myanmar earthquake". Science Media Center. 28 March 2025. Archived from the original on 28 March 2025. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
"Myanmar. States & Regions". Myanmar's NET. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013.
"နေပြည်တော်၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးနှင့် ပြည်နယ်များတွင် ခရိုင် ၄၆ ခရိုင် အသစ်တိုးချဲ့ဖွဲ့စည်းသည့်အတွက် စုစုပေါင်းခရိုင် ၁၂၁ ခရိုင်ရှိလာ". News Eleven (in Burmese). Myanmar. 1 May 2025. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 20 May 2025.
"Impact of Climate Change and the Case of Myanmar | Myanmar Climate Change Alliance". myanmarccalliance.org. Archived from the original on 5 December 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
"National climate change policy finalised". The Myanmar Times. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
"Millions to Benefit from Myanmar's New Partnership Framework With the World Bank Group". World Bank. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2018.
"Myanmar Climate Change Policy" (PDF). myanmarccalliance.org. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020.
"2016 Report". EPI Report. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
EPI (2016): Myanmar Archived 24 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
Overland, I. et al. (2017). Impact of Climate Change on ASEAN International Affairs: Risk and Opportunity Multiplier Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and Myanmar Institute of International and Strategic Studies (MISIS).
"Myanmar's Forest Law and Rules n". BurmaLibrary.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2006. Retrieved 15 July 2006.
""Flora and Fauna" at". Myanmars.net. Archived from the original on 23 September 2006. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Phillips, Kimberley (20 February 2021). "The last thing the Myanmar people need is false hope". The Canberra Times. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
Min Ye Kyaw; Rebecca Ratcliffe (28 March 2023). "Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy party dissolved". The Guardian. Bangkok, Thailand. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2023.
"Reuters, Cyclone-hit Myanmar says 92 percent back charter". Reuters. 15 May 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Jha, Lalit K (21 May 2009). "2010 Burmese Election may be Illegitimate: Clinton". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
"Western states dismiss Burma's election". BBC. 8 November 2010. Archived from the original on 11 November 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
Wee, Sui-Lee (5 December 2021). "Fatalities Reported After Military Truck Rams Protesters in Myanmar". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
Ratcliffe, Rebecca (6 December 2021). "Myanmar's junta condemned over guilty verdicts in Aung San Suu Kyi trial". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
"Democracy Report 2026, Unraveling The Democratic Era?" (PDF). V-Dem Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2026. Retrieved 17 March 2026.
Madhani, Aamer (16 November 2012). "Obama administration eases Burma sanctions before visit". USA Today. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Fuller, Thomas; Geitner, Paul (23 April 2012). "European Union Suspends Most Myanmar Sanctions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012.
"Burma Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003". United States Library of Congress. 4 June 2003. Archived from the original on 25 January 2004. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
Myers, Steven Lee; Mydans, Seth (13 January 2012). "U.S. to Renew Myanmar Ties in Light of Reforms". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
"The EU's relations with Burma / Myanmar". European Union. Archived from the original on 25 July 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.
"Overview of Burma sanctions". BBC News. 18 December 2009. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
"Burma, India to sign accord on use of India's remote sensing satellite data". NewsLibrary.com. 9 March 2006. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"India looks to Burma to slake growing thirst for gas". The Christian Science Monitor. 26 April 2006. Archived from the original on 8 July 2010. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"Myanmar, India to build IT centres in Myanmar_English_Xinhua". Xinhua News Agency. 4 August 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"India to develop two hydel power projects in Myanmar – 56908". Steelguru.com. 1 August 2008. Archived from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
"India urges Burma reconciliation". BBC News. 2 January 2008. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Vietnam News Agency (17 December 2019). "PM calls for stronger Vietnam-Myanmar parliamentary ties". VietnamPlus. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
Michimi Muranushi (22 October 2019). "Japan's Defense of Myanmar and the Rohingya Genocide". Middle East Institute. Archived from the original on 20 March 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
"Pheonix Voyages appointed travel manager for Myanmar's first major summit". TTGmice. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
Cody, Edward (27 September 2007). "Caution by Junta's Asian Neighbors Reflects Their Self-Interest". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 7 July 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"24th ASEAN Summit, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 10–11 May 2014". ASEAN. 4 April 2014. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
"For Rohingya in Bangladesh, No Place is Home". Time. 19 February 2010. Archived from the original on 20 February 2010.
Starck, Peter (7 June 2005). "World Military Spending Topped US$1 trillion in 2004". Common Dreams NewsCenter. Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 19 July 2006.
"Russia and Burma in Nuclear Deal". BBC. 15 May 2007. Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
"Myanmar 'building nuclear sites'". Al Jazeera. 10 December 2010. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance. "Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Non-Proliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments" (PDF). 2019 Compliance Report. United States Department of State. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
"The World's Most Repressive Regimes 2013" (PDF). Geneva: Freedom House. 2003. pp. vii–7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 7 November 2010. Burma continues to be ruled by one of the world's most repressive regimes.
Howse, Robert; Jared M. Genser. "Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible With WTO Law?" (PDF). Are EU Trade Sanctions on Burma Compatible with WTO Law?: 166 ff. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 June 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2010. repressive and abusive military regime
"List of UN General Assembly Resolutions on Burma". Archived from the original on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
"UN General Assembly Resolution: Time for Concrete Action" (Press release). International Federation for Human Rights. 20 November 2009. Archived from the original on 29 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
Adams, Brad (1 September 2004). "Statement to the EU Development Committee". Human Rights Watch. Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 12 July 2006.
Adams, Brad. "Amnesty International 2009 Report on Human Rights in Myanmar". Amnesty International. Archived from the original on 12 September 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
"Myanmar set to release some 70 prisoners". The Myanmar Times. 24 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
Weng, Lawi (24 July 2013). "Burma Govt Releases 73 Political Prisoners". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
"Myanmar: Final push on political prisoners needed". 27 September 2012. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
"Burma Frees 56 Political Prisoners". Voice of America. 22 April 2013. Archived from the original on 26 April 2013. Retrieved 26 April 2013.
"2013 UNHCR country operations profile – Thailand". UNHCR. Archived from the original on 24 April 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
"Myanmar: Villages burned, civilians injured and killed as Rakhine State conflict escalates". Amnesty International. 12 October 2020. Archived from the original on 15 October 2020. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
Rebane, Teele (30 August 2024). "Myanmar's poorest are so desperate they're turning to social media to sell their kidneys". CNN. Archived from the original on 1 September 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
Head, Jonathan (5 February 2009). "What drive the Rohingya to sea?". BBC. Archived from the original on 1 October 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
"Major Reform Underway". Crisis Group. 22 September 2011. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
Freedom House (2013). "Burma". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
"Burma gets rights commission". Australia Network News. 7 September 2011. Archived from the original on 26 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
Kyaw Hsu (19–25 September 2011). "Anyeint group returns from exile in Thailand". MM Times. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
Murdoch, Lindsay (29 September 2011). "Burma flags mass release of political prisoners". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
Buncombe, Andrew (17 September 2011). "Burmese junta relaxes access to foreign websites". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 29 August 2011.
"State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2018.
"world bank indicator". World Bank. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
Aung Hla Htun (16 March 2012). "Exclusive: Myanmar drafts new foreign investment rules". Reuters. Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
Stokke, Kristian; Vakulchuk, Roman and Indra Overland (2018) Myanmar: A Political Economy Analysis Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI). Report commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
"Challenges to Democratization in Burma" (PDF). International IDEA. November 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 12 July 2006.
"Myanmar Opium Survey 2021: Cultivation, Production and Implications". February 2022. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
"Myanmar's Economic Meltdown Likely to Push Opium Output Up, Says UN". 31 May 2021. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
Douglas, Jeremy (15 November 2018). "Parts of Asia are slipping into the hands of organized crime". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
"Synthetic Drugs in East and Southeast Asia: Latest Developments and Challenges 2022". May 2022. Archived from the original on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
"Huge fentanyl haul seized in Asia's biggest-ever drugs bust". Reuters. 18 May 2020. Archived from the original on 28 February 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023 – via www.reuters.com.
Hargreaves, Steve (18 June 2013). "Myanmar: Tales from the last business frontier". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
"Frequently Asked Questions and Answers". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 18 March 2013. Archived from the original on 27 July 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
Fullbrook, David (4 November 2004). "So long US, hello China, India". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 6 November 2004. Retrieved 14 July 2006.
McCartan, Brian (28 February 2012). "Myanmar military in the money". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
Brady, Brendan (7 September 2012). "Boom Days in Burma". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
Total. "Oil and Gas in Myanmar". Archived from the original on 15 April 2015.
Booth, Anne (Spring 2003). "The Burma Development Disaster in Comparative Historical Perspective". SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research. 1 (1). ISSN 1479-8484. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
"The March to VJ Day: The Race for Rangoon". Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Archived from the original on 18 August 2025. Retrieved 17 May 2026.
Watkins, Thayer. "Political and Economic History of Myanmar (Burma) Economics". San Jose State University. Archived from the original on 26 May 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2006.
"List of Least Developed Countries". UN-OHRLLS. 2005. Archived from the original on 26 October 2013.
"Myanmar and IRRI" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2005. (21.2 KB), Facts About Cooperation, International Rice Research Institute. Retrieved 25 September 2007.
"Faostat". Faostat.fao.org. Archived from the original on 13 July 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
"A massive 11,000-carat ruby has been unearthed in Myanmar's war-scarred gemstone heartland". The Associated Press. 8 May 2026. Archived from the original on 12 May 2026. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
"Gems of Burma and their Environmental Impact". Uvm.edu. Archived from the original on 26 May 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
"Burma: Gem Trade Bolsters Military Regime, Fuels Atrocities". Human Rights Watch. 11 November 2007. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Ferro, Shane (19 July 2011). "Burmese Gem Emporium Rakes in $1.5 Billion Despite Human Rights Abuse Concerns". Blouin ARTINFO. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
"U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2021" (PDF). usgs.gov. USGS. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
Subramanian, Sribala. "Rare Earths in Myanmar: Unobtanium?". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
Daly, Tom (26 March 2021). "China rare earths extend surge on worries over Myanmar supply, inspection threat". Reuters. Archived from the original on 9 October 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2021.
DuByne, David (November 2015), "Geothermal Energy in Myanmar Securing Electricity for Eastern Border Development" (PDF), Myanmar Business Today Magazine: 6–8, archived (PDF) from the original on 20 November 2015, retrieved 20 November 2015
Enescu, Raluca (24 December 2006). "Burma Digest". Tayzathuria.org.uk. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011.
"Southern Myanmar". southernmyanmar.com. p. Tourist Destinations. Archived from the original on 11 May 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
"The Tourism Campaign – Campaigns". The Burma Campaign UK. Archived from the original on 29 April 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"Getting there & away". lonelyplanet.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
"Dragoman". Archived from the original on 29 January 2015.
Tint, Soe (2 August 2013). "International airlines to open direct flights to Myanmar". Eleven Myanmar. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.
Spoorenberg, Thomas (2015). "Myanmar's first census in more than 30 years: A radical revision of the official population count" (PDF). Population & Societies. 527 (November): 1–4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
"Thailand: The Plight of Burmese Migrant Workers". Amnesty International. 8 June 2006. Archived from the original on 26 June 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.
Myat (2000). "The Economic Position of Women in Burma". Asian Studies Review. 24 (2): 243–255. doi:10.1080/10357820008713272. S2CID 144323033. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
WorldMarriage Patterns 2000 Archived 25 December 2003 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations
Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (2005). "Languages of Myanmar". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International. Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
"Identity Crisis: Ethnicity and Conflict in Myanmar". International Crisis Group. 28 August 2020. Archived from the original on 18 May 2025. Retrieved 12 May 2025.
"Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs". U.S. Department of State. August 2005. Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Kato, Mariko (18 February 2009). "Myanmar refugees to try resettling". Japan Times. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
"Myanmar Refugees in South East Asia" (PDF). UNHCR. April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.
"From tropical Burma to Syracuse, refugees adjust". CBS News. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
"Office Of Refugee Resettlement: Data". U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
"Asians v. Asians". Time. 17 July 1964. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2012.(subscription required)
Macan-Markar, Marwaan. "Burma's Muslim Rohingyas – The New Boat People". Ipsnews.net. Archived from the original on 11 March 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
Ford, Peter (12 June 2012). "Why deadly race riots could rattle Myanmar's fledgling reforms". The Christian Science Monitor. Archived from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
Barron, Laignee (8 March 2018). "More Than 43,000 Rohingya Parents May Be Missing. Experts Fear They Are Dead". TIME Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 February 2023. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
"Myanmar: No Justice, No Freedom for Rohingya 5 Years On". Human Rights Watch. 24 August 2022. Archived from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 30 October 2024.
Gordon, Raymond G. Jr. (2005). "Language Family Trees: Sino-Tibetan". Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. SIL International. Archived from the original on 11 August 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2006.
"Proposal for encoding characters for Myanmar minority languages in the UCS" (PDF). International Organization for Standardization. 2 April 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2006. Retrieved 9 July 2006.
Thailand Burma Border Consortium (2007). "Internal Displacement in Eastern Burma 2006 Survey". Archived from the original on 15 May 2007. Retrieved 4 February 2007.
Priestly, Harry (17 January 2006). "The Outsiders". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012.
Ling, Samuel Ngun (2003). "The Encounter of Missionary Christianity and Resurgent Buddhism in Post-colonial Myanmar" (PDF). Payap University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 March 2006. Retrieved 14 July 2006.
Dummett, Mark (29 September 2007). "Burmese exiles in desperate conditions". BBC News. Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project: Burma Archived 10 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Pew Research Center. 2010.
"Buddhanet.net". Archived from the original on 31 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2026.
"Children of the Mekong". 2 March 2023. Archived from the original on 14 March 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
Pyone, Taung (14 November 2019). "Monks in Myanmar have a new target". The Economist. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
"International Religious Freedom Report 2007 – Burma". U.S. Department of State. 14 September 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"Office and Tour Information". jw.org. Archived from the original on 9 October 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
"Burma—International Religious Freedom Report 2010". U.S. Department of State. 17 November 2010. Archived from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2011.
"PPI: Almost Half of All World Health Spending is in the United States". 17 January 2007. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011.
A preventable fate: The failure of ART scale-up in Myanmar. Médecins Sans Frontières. November 2008
"At a glance: Myanmar – statistics". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 1 September 2010. Retrieved 9 January 2007.
"A scaled-up response to AIDS in Asia and the Pacific" (PDF). UNAIDS. 1 July 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2007. Retrieved 10 January 2007.
"Asia" (PDF). UNAIDS. December 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2007.
"Adult (15+) Literacy Rates and Illiterate Population by Region and Gender for". UNESCO Institute of Statistics. April 2006. Archived from the original (XLS) on 25 June 2007. Retrieved 13 July 2006.
"GII Innovation Ecosystems & Data Explorer 2025". WIPO. Archived from the original on 4 April 2025. Retrieved 16 October 2025.
agt. "UNODC: Global Study on Homicide". Archived from the original on 2 June 2019. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Calderon, Justin (3 July 2013). "ASEAN: As safe as we think?". Inside Investor. Archived from the original on 22 June 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
"The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency. 11 February 2025. Archived from the original on 13 March 2026.
"UN report: Opium cultivation rising in Burma". BBC News. 31 October 2012. Archived from the original on 15 July 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
McCartan, Brian (13 July 2010). "Holes in Thailand's drug fences". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 15 July 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
"Ramayana in Myanmar's heart". Goldenland Pages. 13 September 2003. Archived from the original on 26 April 2006. Retrieved 13 July 2006.
"The Worshipping of Nats – The Special Festival of Mount Popa". Myanmar Travel Information. Archived from the original on 23 June 2006. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
Martin, Steven (March 2004). "Burma maintains bygone buildings". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 April 2008. Retrieved 9 July 2006.
"Myanmar prepares for the 2013 Southeast Asian Games". Archived from the original on 24 June 2018. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
"Burma Abolishes Censorship". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
Sukri, Azhar (1 April 2013). "Myanmar shows new signs of press freedom". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 4 April 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
Calderaro, Andrea (1 May 2015). "Internet Governance Capacity Building in Post-Authoritarian Contexts. Telecom Reform and Human Rights in Myanmar" (PDF). SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2686095. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
"Internet Access and Openness: Myanmar 2012" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 April 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
"NRI Overall Ranking 2016". Global Information Technology Report 2016. World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 28 May 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
Zaw, Aung (March 2004). "Celluloid Disillusions". Irrawaddy. 12 (3). Archived from the original on 13 February 2005.
Through the Director's Lens. Irrawaddy. 16 January 2009
"Burma VJ – Academy Award Nominee – Best Documentary Feature". Burmavjmovie.com. Archived from the original on 21 May 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
"Burma VJ Nominated for the 2010 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Rev. Danny Fisher". Dannyfisher.org. 2 February 2010. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Knegt, Peter (12 September 2011). "TIFF List 2011: A Complete Guide To The Toronto International Film Festival". IndieWire. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 31 December 2018.

webcitation.org (Global: 25^th place; English: 771^st place)

Jones, Gavin W. (2007). "Delayed Marriage and Very Low Fertility in Pacific Asia" (PDF). Population and Development Review. 33 (3): 453–478. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2007.00180.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2011. Retrieved 5 January 2015.

weforum.org (Global: 2,317^th place; English: 1,854^th place)

reports.weforum.org

"NRI Overall Ranking 2016". Global Information Technology Report 2016. World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 28 May 2020. Retrieved 1 January 2020.

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; English: 174^th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Myat (2000). "The Economic Position of Women in Burma". Asian Studies Review. 24 (2): 243–255. doi:10.1080/10357820008713272. S2CID 144323033. Archived from the original on 27 July 2020. Retrieved 21 January 2020.

wipo.int (Global: 1,556^th place; English: 1,531^st place)

"GII Innovation Ecosystems & Data Explorer 2025". WIPO. Archived from the original on 4 April 2025. Retrieved 16 October 2025.
Dutta, Soumitra; Lanvin, Bruno (2025). Global Innovation Index 2025: Innovation at a Crossroads. World Intellectual Property Organization. p. 19. doi:10.34667/tind.58864. ISBN 978-92-805-3797-0. Retrieved 17 October 2025.

worldbank.org (Global: 280^th place; English: 430^th place)

data.worldbank.org

"GINI index (World Bank estimate)". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 13 July 2021.
"world bank indicator". World Bank. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2021.

worldbank.org

"Millions to Benefit from Myanmar's New Partnership Framework With the World Bank Group". World Bank. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 2 December 2018.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Wong, John (March 1997). "Why Has Myanmar not Developed Like East Asia?". ASEAN Economic Bulletin. 13 (3): 344–358. ISSN 0217-4472. JSTOR 25773443. Archived from the original on 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
Steinberg, David I. (2010). Burma/Myanmar : what everyone needs to know. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 142–147. ISBN 978-0-19-539067-4. OCLC 318409825.
"A sham poll in Myanmar opens a new phase of military rule". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613.
Myint-U, Thant (2006). The river of lost footsteps: histories of Burma (1st ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-16342-6. OCLC 65064707.
Davis, Mike (2001). Late Victorian holocausts: El Niño famines and the making of the third world. London: Verso. ISBN 1-85984-739-0. OCLC 45636958.
Booth, Anne (Spring 2003). "The Burma Development Disaster in Comparative Historical Perspective". SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research. 1 (1). ISSN 1479-8484. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 August 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
Taylor, Robert H. (25 May 2015). General Ne Win : a political biography. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ISBN 978-981-4620-13-0. OCLC 934623309.
Callahan, Mary P. (2017). "Distorted, Dangerous Data? Lumyo in the 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census". Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia. 32 (2): 452–478. ISSN 1793-2858.

xinhuanet.com (Global: 271^st place; English: 576^th place)

news.xinhuanet.com

"Myanmar, India to build IT centres in Myanmar_English_Xinhua". Xinhua News Agency. 4 August 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 17 April 2010.

yale.edu (Global: 559^th place; English: 389^th place)

epi.yale.edu

"2016 Report". EPI Report. Archived from the original on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
EPI (2016): Myanmar Archived 24 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine

Myanmar (English Wikipedia)

abc.net.au (Global: 120th place; English: 70th place)

admin.ch (Global: 135th place; English: 266th place)

eda.admin.ch

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

ahdictionary.com (Global: 4,364th place; English: 2,759th place)

aljazeera.com (Global: 165th place; English: 119th place)

aljazeera.net (Global: 636th place; English: 1,094th place)

english.aljazeera.net

altsean.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

ambafrance-mm.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

amnesty.org (Global: 1,084th place; English: 851st place)

report2009.amnesty.org

amnesty.org

web.amnesty.org

amnestyusa.org (Global: 8,077th place; English: 6,036th place)

apnews.com (Global: 101st place; English: 62nd place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

archives.gov (Global: 319th place; English: 166th place)

obamawhitehouse.archives.gov

asean.org (Global: 9,429th place; English: 8,077th place)

asiancorrespondent.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

asiatimes.com (Global: 6,736th place; English: 4,409th place)

australianetworknews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

bangkokpost.com (Global: 1,117th place; English: 740th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.co.uk

bbc.com (Global: 26th place; English: 23rd place)

berkeley.edu (Global: 621st place; English: 429th place)

betweenonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

birma.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118th place; English: 85th place)

blouinartinfo.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

buddhanet.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

burmacampaign.org.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

burmalibrary.org (Global: 9,639th place; English: 7,523rd place)

burmavjmovie.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

canberratimes.com.au (Global: 3,502nd place; English: 1,773rd place)

cbsnews.com (Global: 136th place; English: 93rd place)

cf.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

orca.cf.ac.uk

channelnewsasia.com (Global: 1,005th place; English: 573rd place)

childrenofthemekong.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

cia.gov (Global: 133rd place; English: 275th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36th place; English: 26th place)

edition.cnn.com

cnn.com

money.cnn.com

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,831st place; English: 1,216th place)

commondreams.org (Global: 5,655th place; English: 3,462nd place)

congress.gov (Global: 392nd place; English: 262nd place)

constituteproject.org (Global: 4,115th place; English: 3,114th place)

cpgb-ml.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

crisisgroup.org (Global: 4,347th place; English: 2,989th place)

csmonitor.com (Global: 982nd place; English: 614th place)

cwgc.org (Global: 2,913th place; English: 1,588th place)

dannyfisher.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

dawn.com (Global: 315th place; English: 155th place)

deseretnews.com (Global: 1,776th place; English: 932nd place)

dfat.gov.au (Global: 6,297th place; English: 4,722nd place)

dhxy.info (Global: low place; English: low place)

dahuang.dhxy.info

doi.org (Global: 2nd place; English: 2nd place)

dragoman.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

dvb.no (Global: low place; English: 8,813th place)

dvb.no

english.dvb.no

dw.com (Global: 205th place; English: 320th place)

dw.de (Global: 2,755th place; English: 3,993rd place)

economist.com (Global: 331st place; English: 272nd place)

elevenmyanmar.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

ethnologue.com (Global: 354th place; English: 413th place)

europa.eu (Global: 62nd place; English: 100th place)

ec.europa.eu

fao.org (Global: 428th place; English: 480th place)

faostat.fao.org

fidh.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

abc.net.au (Global: 120^th place; English: 70^th place)

admin.ch (Global: 135^th place; English: 266^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

ahdictionary.com (Global: 4,364^th place; English: 2,759^th place)

aljazeera.com (Global: 165^th place; English: 119^th place)

aljazeera.net (Global: 636^th place; English: 1,094^th place)

amnesty.org (Global: 1,084^th place; English: 851^st place)

amnestyusa.org (Global: 8,077^th place; English: 6,036^th place)

apnews.com (Global: 101^st place; English: 62^nd place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

archives.gov (Global: 319^th place; English: 166^th place)

asean.org (Global: 9,429^th place; English: 8,077^th place)

asiatimes.com (Global: 6,736^th place; English: 4,409^th place)

bangkokpost.com (Global: 1,117^th place; English: 740^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

bbc.com (Global: 26^th place; English: 23^rd place)

berkeley.edu (Global: 621^st place; English: 429^th place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

burmalibrary.org (Global: 9,639^th place; English: 7,523^rd place)

canberratimes.com.au (Global: 3,502^nd place; English: 1,773^rd place)

cbsnews.com (Global: 136^th place; English: 93^rd place)

channelnewsasia.com (Global: 1,005^th place; English: 573^rd place)

cia.gov (Global: 133^rd place; English: 275^th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,831^st place; English: 1,216^th place)

commondreams.org (Global: 5,655^th place; English: 3,462^nd place)

congress.gov (Global: 392^nd place; English: 262^nd place)

constituteproject.org (Global: 4,115^th place; English: 3,114^th place)

crisisgroup.org (Global: 4,347^th place; English: 2,989^th place)

csmonitor.com (Global: 982^nd place; English: 614^th place)

cwgc.org (Global: 2,913^th place; English: 1,588^th place)

dawn.com (Global: 315^th place; English: 155^th place)

deseretnews.com (Global: 1,776^th place; English: 932^nd place)

dfat.gov.au (Global: 6,297^th place; English: 4,722^nd place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

dvb.no (Global: low place; English: 8,813^th place)

dw.com (Global: 205^th place; English: 320^th place)

dw.de (Global: 2,755^th place; English: 3,993^rd place)

economist.com (Global: 331^st place; English: 272^nd place)

ethnologue.com (Global: 354^th place; English: 413^th place)

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

fao.org (Global: 428^th place; English: 480^th place)

france24.com (Global: 344^th place; English: 362^nd place)

freedomhouse.org (Global: 2,395^th place; English: 2,068^th place)

ghostarchive.org (Global: 64^th place; English: 28^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

hrw.org (Global: 601^st place; English: 472^nd place)

ibiblio.org (Global: 1,093^rd place; English: 690^th place)

icc-cpi.int (Global: 4,245^th place; English: 3,331^st place)

idea.int (Global: low place; English: 6,081^st place)

iht.com (Global: 2,148^th place; English: 1,463^rd place)

ilga.org (Global: 6,632^nd place; English: 5,866^th place)

imf.org (Global: 225^th place; English: 601^st place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46^th place; English: 29^th place)

indiewire.com (Global: 177^th place; English: 117^th place)

ined.fr (Global: low place; English: 9,933^rd place)

international.gc.ca (Global: 5,510^th place; English: 5,486^th place)

ipsnews.net (Global: 6,453^rd place; English: 4,916^th place)

irinnews.org (Global: 4,930^th place; English: 3,950^th place)

irrawaddy.com (Global: 2,797^th place; English: 1,870^th place)

irrawaddy.org (Global: 9,581^st place; English: 7,101^st place)

japantimes.co.jp (Global: 407^th place; English: 286^th place)

jhu.edu (Global: 560^th place; English: 313^th place)

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

jw.org (Global: 2,051^st place; English: 5,175^th place)

kmu.gov.ua (Global: 2,560^th place; English: 9,079^th place)

lexico.com (Global: 2,946^th place; English: 2,042^nd place)

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lonelyplanet.com (Global: 2,169^th place; English: 1,718^th place)

mei.edu (Global: 7,167^th place; English: 5,071^st place)

merriam-webster.com (Global: 425^th place; English: 373^rd place)

mg.co.za (Global: 1,859^th place; English: 952^nd place)

mmtimes.com (Global: 5,112^th place; English: 3,407^th place)

nationmultimedia.com (Global: 4,499^th place; English: 3,399^th place)

nbcnews.com (Global: 156^th place; English: 101^st place)

newsbank.com (Global: 492^nd place; English: 245^th place)

nikkei.com (Global: 169^th place; English: 849^th place)

niu.edu (Global: 5,123^rd place; English: 3,072^nd place)

nla.gov.au (Global: 112^th place; English: 56^th place)