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Ryder, Stuart D.; Dopita, Michael A. (October 1993). "An H-alpha atlas of nearby southern spiral galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 88: 415. Bibcode:1993ApJS...88..415R. doi:10.1086/191827.
de Vaucouleurs, Gerard Henri; de Vaucouleurs, Antoinette; Shapley, Harlow (1964). Reference catalogue of bright galaxies. Austin: University of Texas Press. Bibcode:1964rcbg.book.....D.
Sandage, A.; Brucato, R. (April 1979). "The Las Campanas survey of bright southern galaxies. II - New classifications for 153 systems". The Astronomical Journal. 84: 472. Bibcode:1979AJ.....84..472S. doi:10.1086/112440.
Ryder, Stuart D.; Dopita, Michael A. (October 1993). "An H-alpha atlas of nearby southern spiral galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 88: 415. Bibcode:1993ApJS...88..415R. doi:10.1086/191827.