NORBIT (English Wikipedia)

"Prefabricated Electronic Bricks" (PDF). Wireless World. Technical Notebook. 66 (8): 374. August 1960. Retrieved 2018-06-20. […] ready-assembled circuit modules can cut down development time spent on a control-engineering or data processing problem by eliminating the work of designing individual circuits. A particular range made by Mullard are slim colour-coded plastics "boxes" of guaranteed performance specifications covering the commonly used circuit functions. Typical units are AND/OR gates, timing and relay-operating circuits called "Norbits" (for control purposes) and flip-flop, pulse shaper and inverter-amplifier stages called Combi elements (for digital circuits). By giving only a performance specification the manufacturers can take advantage of advances in techniques (for instance, complete solid-state circuits) without, at the same time, rendering obsolete existing apparatus. Transistors are used throughout, so that battery operation is reasonably economical, and the modules are designed to connect together compatibly in a manner suited to their functions. Norbits have long, flexible flying leads for use with terminal blocks while Combi-elements have short, stiff tinned wires suitable for fitting into printed wiring boards. […]
"INTERKAMA 1960 - Dusseldorf Exhibition of Automation and Instruments" (PDF). Wireless World. 66 (12): 588–589. December 1960. Retrieved 2018-06-18. […] Another point noticed was the widespread use of small-package solid-state logic (such as "and," "or," "not") and instrumentation (timers, amplifiers, etc.) units. There would seem to be a good case here for the various manufacturers to standardise practical details such as mounting, connections and power supplies so that a Siemens "Simatic," say, is directly interchangeable with an Ateliers des Constructions Electronique de Charleroi "Logacec," a Telefunken "Logistat," or a Mullard "Norbit" or "Combi-element." […]

archive.org

Pistorius, Arthur (September 2007). "Retronics - Philips 60-series NORbits (1968)". Elektor Electronics. 2007 (9): 76. Retrieved 2018-06-20. [8]

archive.today

Gossel, Dieter; Kaps, Gerhard; Schott, Winfried (1965). "A new system of digital circuit blocks for industrial measuring and control equipment" (PDF). Philips Technical Review. 26 (4/5/6). Philips Zentrallaboratorium GmbH, Hamburg, Germany: Philips: 164–170. 621.374.32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.

books.google.com

Klingelnberg, W. Ferdinand (2013) [1967, 1960, 1939]. Pohl, Fritz; Reindl, Rudolf (eds.). Technisches Hilfsbuch (in German) (softcover reprint of 15th hardcover ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 135. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88367-5. ISBN 978-3-64288368-2. LCCN 67-23459. 0512.
Weißel, Ralph; Schubert, Franz (2013-03-07) [1995, 1990]. "4.1. Grundschaltungen mit Bipolar- und Feldeffekttransistoren". Digitale Schaltungstechnik. Springer-Lehrbuch (in German) (reprint of 2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 116. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78387-6. ISBN 978-3-540-57012-7.
Dokter, Folkert; Steinhauer, Jürgen (1973-06-18). "6.5. Digital modules with discrete components". Digital Electronics. Philips Technical Library (PTL) / Macmillan Education (Reprint of 1st English ed.). Eindhoven, Netherlands: The Macmillan Press Ltd. / N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken. pp. 226, 232. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-01417-0. ISBN 978-1-349-01419-4. SBN 333-13360-9. Retrieved 2018-07-01. (270 pages) (NB. This is based on a translation of volume I of the two-volume German edition.)
Rosielle, C. (May 1968). Deerson, Jonathan (ed.). Control system design manual for 60-series NORbits: A Guide to the application of electronic logic circuits in industry. Philips Application Book (1 ed.). Eindhoven, Netherlands: N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Electronic Components and Materials Division (Elcoma), Technical Publications Department. 9399 263 016 01. [19] (233+8 pages) (NB. There exists a fourth edition from 1974 as well.)

cryptomuseum.com

van Barneveld, Evert Jan (1967). "Digital circuit blocks" (PDF). Philips Technical Review. 28 (2). Philips Electronic Components and Materials Product Division (Elcoma), Eindhoven, Netherlands: Philips: 44–56. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
Reuvers, Paul; Simons, Marc (2018-02-24) [2017-11-28]. "Circuit Blocks". www.cryptomuseum.com. Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-17.

doi.org

Klingelnberg, W. Ferdinand (2013) [1967, 1960, 1939]. Pohl, Fritz; Reindl, Rudolf (eds.). Technisches Hilfsbuch (in German) (softcover reprint of 15th hardcover ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 135. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88367-5. ISBN 978-3-64288368-2. LCCN 67-23459. 0512.
Weißel, Ralph; Schubert, Franz (2013-03-07) [1995, 1990]. "4.1. Grundschaltungen mit Bipolar- und Feldeffekttransistoren". Digitale Schaltungstechnik. Springer-Lehrbuch (in German) (reprint of 2nd ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 116. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78387-6. ISBN 978-3-540-57012-7.
Dokter, Folkert; Steinhauer, Jürgen (1973-06-18). "6.5. Digital modules with discrete components". Digital Electronics. Philips Technical Library (PTL) / Macmillan Education (Reprint of 1st English ed.). Eindhoven, Netherlands: The Macmillan Press Ltd. / N. V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken. pp. 226, 232. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-01417-0. ISBN 978-1-349-01419-4. SBN 333-13360-9. Retrieved 2018-07-01. (270 pages) (NB. This is based on a translation of volume I of the two-volume German edition.)
Dean, K. J. (January–February 1973). "Trends in semiconductor digital circuits". Radio and Electronic Engineer. 43 (1.2). IET: 67–74. doi:10.1049/ree.1973.0011. ISSN 0033-7722. Archived from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

electrojumble.org

"Guide to Circuit Blocks (Combi-Elements) and their use in Digital Systems and Equipment - Part IV" (PDF). Sub-Assemblies Bulletin (9). Manor Royal Crawley, Sussex, England: Mullard Equipment Limited. November 1962 [May 1960]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
Norbit Sub-Assemblies YL 6000 Series (PDF). Norbit Handbook (2 ed.). Mullard Equipment Limited. February 1962. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
Mullard Combi Elements (PDF). Mullard. 1963 [May 1960]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

elektor.com

Pistorius, Arthur (September 2007). "Retronics - Philips 60-series NORbits (1968)". Elektor Electronics. 2007 (9): 76. Retrieved 2018-06-20. [8]

emaljaar.nl

Philips Nederland n.v. (June 1967). "Kijk: Norbit 2 is er! Statisch schakelen is nu óók goedkoop schakelen" (PDF). Elektuur (Advertisement) (in Dutch) (54). Eindhoven, Netherlands: 604.

freeservicemanuals.info

"Schakelen met de 60-serie NORBITs" (in Dutch). Philips. (NB. Green cover.)

gov.je

jgreffe-online.gov.je

"Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBITS - TM 2671 - Mullard Limited". 2003-03-26 [1967-06-27]. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
"Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBIT - TM 2672 - Mullard Limited". 2003-03-26 [1967-06-27]. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

Dean, K. J. (January–February 1973). "Trends in semiconductor digital circuits". Radio and Electronic Engineer. 43 (1.2). IET: 67–74. doi:10.1049/ree.1973.0011. ISSN 0033-7722. Archived from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Klingelnberg, W. Ferdinand (2013) [1967, 1960, 1939]. Pohl, Fritz; Reindl, Rudolf (eds.). Technisches Hilfsbuch (in German) (softcover reprint of 15th hardcover ed.). Springer-Verlag. p. 135. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88367-5. ISBN 978-3-64288368-2. LCCN 67-23459. 0512.

open.ac.uk

oro.open.ac.uk

Walker, Mark John (2012-09-08). The Programmable Logic Controller: its prehistory, emergence and application (PDF) (PhD thesis). Department of Communication and Systems Faculty of Mathematics, Computing and Technology: The Open University. pp. 223, 269, 308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

philips.com

extra.research.philips.com

Gossel, Dieter; Kaps, Gerhard; Schott, Winfried (1965). "A new system of digital circuit blocks for industrial measuring and control equipment" (PDF). Philips Technical Review. 26 (4/5/6). Philips Zentrallaboratorium GmbH, Hamburg, Germany: Philips: 164–170. 621.374.32. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.

pocnet.net

frank.pocnet.net

Components and materials - Part 1: Circuit blocks, Input/Output devices (PDF). Philips Data Handbook. Philips. September 1970. 9399 261 14901. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20. (NB. Has green cover.)

radiocollection.be

"les relais statiques Norbit". Revue MBLE (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Philips Research Laboratory, Manufacture Belge de Lampes et de Materiel Electronique (MBLE Research Laboratory). September 1962. Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-18. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

trailing-edge.com

bitsavers.trailing-edge.com

Semiconductors - Part 5 - Field-effect transistors (PDF). Electronic components and materials (Elcoma) - Philips Data Handbook. Philips. October 1980. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19. […] COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS (GREEN SERIES) […] Part 1 - July 1979 - CM107-79 - Assemblies for industrial use PLC modules, high noise immunity logic FZ/30 series, NORbits 60-series, 61-series, 90-series, input devices, hybrid integrated circuits, peripheral devices […]

web.archive.org

"Guide to Circuit Blocks (Combi-Elements) and their use in Digital Systems and Equipment - Part IV" (PDF). Sub-Assemblies Bulletin (9). Manor Royal Crawley, Sussex, England: Mullard Equipment Limited. November 1962 [May 1960]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
Norbit Sub-Assemblies YL 6000 Series (PDF). Norbit Handbook (2 ed.). Mullard Equipment Limited. February 1962. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
"les relais statiques Norbit". Revue MBLE (in French). Brussels, Belgium: Philips Research Laboratory, Manufacture Belge de Lampes et de Materiel Electronique (MBLE Research Laboratory). September 1962. Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-18. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]
"Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBITS - TM 2671 - Mullard Limited". 2003-03-26 [1967-06-27]. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
"Judicial Greffe - Trademarks Database - Individual Record - NORBIT - TM 2672 - Mullard Limited". 2003-03-26 [1967-06-27]. Archived from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
Walker, Mark John (2012-09-08). The Programmable Logic Controller: its prehistory, emergence and application (PDF) (PhD thesis). Department of Communication and Systems Faculty of Mathematics, Computing and Technology: The Open University. pp. 223, 269, 308. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
Wylie, Andrew (2009). "Packaged circuits". Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2019-06-22.
Valvo-Taschenbuch (in German) (1964 ed.). Hamburg, Germany: Valvo GmbH. 1964. [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] (NB. An English version of this book was also available as Valvo Pocketbook.)
Mullard Combi Elements (PDF). Mullard. 1963 [May 1960]. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
van Barneveld, Evert Jan (1967). "Digital circuit blocks" (PDF). Philips Technical Review. 28 (2). Philips Electronic Components and Materials Product Division (Elcoma), Eindhoven, Netherlands: Philips: 44–56. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19.
NORBIT 2 and 61 SERIES - Solid state control elements - Data sheets. Mullard Limited. March 1974. TP1428. [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]
Rosielle, C. (May 1968). Deerson, Jonathan (ed.). Control system design manual for 60-series NORbits: A Guide to the application of electronic logic circuits in industry. Philips Application Book (1 ed.). Eindhoven, Netherlands: N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Electronic Components and Materials Division (Elcoma), Technical Publications Department. 9399 263 016 01. [19] (233+8 pages) (NB. There exists a fourth edition from 1974 as well.)
Semiconductors - Part 5 - Field-effect transistors (PDF). Electronic components and materials (Elcoma) - Philips Data Handbook. Philips. October 1980. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-19. Retrieved 2018-06-19. […] COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS (GREEN SERIES) […] Part 1 - July 1979 - CM107-79 - Assemblies for industrial use PLC modules, high noise immunity logic FZ/30 series, NORbits 60-series, 61-series, 90-series, input devices, hybrid integrated circuits, peripheral devices […]
Dean, K. J. (January–February 1973). "Trends in semiconductor digital circuits". Radio and Electronic Engineer. 43 (1.2). IET: 67–74. doi:10.1049/ree.1973.0011. ISSN 0033-7722. Archived from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.
Reuvers, Paul; Simons, Marc (2018-02-24) [2017-11-28]. "Circuit Blocks". www.cryptomuseum.com. Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2018-06-17.
Components and materials - Part 1: Circuit blocks, Input/Output devices (PDF). Philips Data Handbook. Philips. September 1970. 9399 261 14901. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20. (NB. Has green cover.)

wikipedia.org

de.wikipedia.org

Mullard called these modules Combi-Element in the UK, whereas Philips and Valvo [de] just called them circuit blocks, but distinguished them from the original Norbit series.
So far, the assumed equivalence of Valvo [de]'s Norbit-S series with the Philips Norbit 2 series is based on their release date in 1967. Often, the modules of the newer families were still referred to as Norbits only.
Estacord - Das universelle Bausteinsystem für kontaktlose Steuerungen (Catalog) (in German). Herxheim/Pfalz, Germany: Akkord-Radio GmbH [de].
Valvo-Taschenbuch (in German) (1964 ed.). Hamburg, Germany: Valvo GmbH. 1964. [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] (NB. An English version of this book was also available as Valvo Pocketbook.)
Norbit-S-Kompendium (in German). Hamburg, Germany: Valvo GmbH / Curtze. April 1969. (128 pages + appendix)

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Dean, K. J. (January–February 1973). "Trends in semiconductor digital circuits". Radio and Electronic Engineer. 43 (1.2). IET: 67–74. doi:10.1049/ree.1973.0011. ISSN 0033-7722. Archived from the original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved 2018-06-20.

wylie.org.uk

Wylie, Andrew (2009). "Packaged circuits". Archived from the original on 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2019-06-22.