Napoleonic Wars (English Wikipedia)

"The Royal Navy". Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
"The Napoleonic Wars". Encyclopædia Britannica (Online ed.). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
"Napoleonic Wars | Summary, Combatants, & Maps | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2023.

business-of-migration.com

Scott, Franklin D. (1984). The Peopling of America: Perspectives of Immigration. p. 24. Hansen, Marcus (1940). The Atlantic Migration. pp. 79–106, termed this a "new beginning" for American immigration. For further background context, see "North Atlantic, 1815–19". Migration as a travel business. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2015.

cambridge.org

Colson, Bruno; Mikaberidze, Alexander, eds. (2023). The Cambridge History of the Napoleonic Wars: Volume 2: Fighting the Napoleonic Wars. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108278096. ISBN 978-1-108-41766-2.

doi.org

Colson, Bruno; Mikaberidze, Alexander, eds. (2023). The Cambridge History of the Napoleonic Wars: Volume 2: Fighting the Napoleonic Wars. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108278096. ISBN 978-1-108-41766-2.
Tone 1996, pp. 355–382. Tone, John Lawrence (1996). "Napoleon's uncongenial sea: Guerrilla warfare in Navarre during the Peninsular War, 1808–14". European History Quarterly. 26 (3): 355–382. doi:10.1177/026569149602600302. S2CID 144885121.
Buffinton, Arthur H. (1929). The Second Hundred Years' War, 1689–1815. See also: Crouzet, Francois (1996). "The Second Hundred Years War: Some Reflections". French History. 10 (4): 432–450. doi:10.1093/fh/10.4.432, and Scott, H. M. (1992). "Review: The Second 'Hundred Years War' 1689–1815". The Historical Journal. 35: 443–469. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00025887. S2CID 162306794.
McConachy 2001, pp. 617–640: McConachy rejects the alternative theory that growing reliance on artillery by the French army beginning in 1807 was an outgrowth of the declining quality of the French infantry and, later, France's inferiority in cavalry numbers McConachy, Bruce (2001). "The Roots of Artillery Doctrine: Napoleonic Artillery Tactics Reconsidered". Journal of Military History. 65 (3): 617–640. doi:10.2307/2677528. JSTOR 2677528. S2CID 159945703.
Ryan 1953. Ryan, A. N. (1953). "The Causes of the British Attack upon Copenhagen in 1807". The English Historical Review. 68 (266): 37–55. doi:10.1093/ehr/lxviii.cclxvi.37. ISSN 0013-8266.
Götz 2014, pp. 519–539. Götz, Norbert (6 June 2014). "The Good Plumpuddings' Belief: British Voluntary Aid to Sweden During the Napoleonic Wars". The International History Review. 37 (3): 519–539. doi:10.1080/07075332.2014.918559. ISSN 0707-5332.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (September 1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Ismail, F. (1979). "The Making of the Treaty of Bucharest, 1811–1812". Middle Eastern Studies. 15 (2): 163–192. doi:10.1080/00263207908700404. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282743. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
For Alexander Hamilton's take on the connection of Saint-Domingue and the Purchase, see "Hamilton on the Louisiana Purchase: A Newly Identified Editorial from the New-York Evening Post". William and Mary Quarterly. 12 (2): 268–281. April 1955. doi:10.2307/1920508. JSTOR 1920508. See also White, Ashli (2010). Encountering Revolution: Haiti and the Making of the Early Republic. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 180–191. ISBN 978-0-8018-9415-2. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
Keeling 2007, pp. 267–268. Keeling, Drew (1 January 2007). "Transport Capacity Management and Transatlantic Migration, 1900–1914". Research in Economic History. 25. Emerald Group Publishing Limited: 225–283. doi:10.1016/s0363-3268(07)25005-0. ISBN 978-0-7623-1370-9.
Dwyer, Philip G. (17 September 2016), "Conclusion: Talleyrand: Cynical Opportunist or Agent of Change?", Talleyrand, Routledge, pp. 205–210, doi:10.4324/9781315840093-10, ISBN 978-1-315-84009-3, archived from the original on 8 December 2023, retrieved 30 November 2023

dx.doi.org

Dwyer, Philip G. (17 September 2016), "Conclusion: Talleyrand: Cynical Opportunist or Agent of Change?", Talleyrand, Routledge, pp. 205–210, doi:10.4324/9781315840093-10, ISBN 978-1-315-84009-3, archived from the original on 8 December 2023, retrieved 30 November 2023

herodote.net

"France – Les guerres de la Révolution et de l'Empire". Herodote.net. Archived from the original on 23 July 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2013.

historicnavalfiction.com

Hayes, David. "Alaric Bond". Historic Fiction. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.

historynet.com

"Napoleon's Total War". HistoryNet.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2008.

jstor.org

McConachy 2001, pp. 617–640: McConachy rejects the alternative theory that growing reliance on artillery by the French army beginning in 1807 was an outgrowth of the declining quality of the French infantry and, later, France's inferiority in cavalry numbers McConachy, Bruce (2001). "The Roots of Artillery Doctrine: Napoleonic Artillery Tactics Reconsidered". Journal of Military History. 65 (3): 617–640. doi:10.2307/2677528. JSTOR 2677528. S2CID 159945703.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (September 1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Torrance, Marie-Christiane (1986). "Some Russian Attitudes to France in the Period of the Napoleonic Wars as Revealed by Russian Memoirs (1807–14)". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature. 86C: 289–303. ISSN 0035-8991. JSTOR 25506143. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Ismail, F. (1979). "The Making of the Treaty of Bucharest, 1811–1812". Middle Eastern Studies. 15 (2): 163–192. doi:10.1080/00263207908700404. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282743. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
For Alexander Hamilton's take on the connection of Saint-Domingue and the Purchase, see "Hamilton on the Louisiana Purchase: A Newly Identified Editorial from the New-York Evening Post". William and Mary Quarterly. 12 (2): 268–281. April 1955. doi:10.2307/1920508. JSTOR 1920508. See also White, Ashli (2010). Encountering Revolution: Haiti and the Making of the Early Republic. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 180–191. ISBN 978-0-8018-9415-2. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.

measuringworth.com

"Measuring Worth – Purchase Power of the Pound". Archived from the original on 1 June 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.

montenegrina.net

"MONTENEGRINA – digitalna biblioteka crnogorske kulture i nasljedja". www.montenegrina.net. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

msu.edu

staff.lib.msu.edu

"The Serbian Revolution and the Serbian State". staff.lib.msu.edu. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.

musee-marine.fr

"Scène de la bataille de Trafalgar". Musee Marine (in French). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.

napoleon-series.org

The Austrian Imperial-Royal Army (Kaiserliche-Königliche Heer) 1805–1809: The Hungarian Royal Army [1] Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
"A Brief History of the Serbian Insurrections 1804–1817". www.napoleon-series.org. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.

napoleon.org

"O'Meara's account of Napoleon on the invasion of the England". Napoleon.org. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.

necrometrics.com

White 2014 cites Clodfelter and Danzer White, Matthew (2014), Statistics of Wars, Oppressions and Atrocities of the Nineteenth Century, retrieved 3 May 2017. This source references:
- White 2014, Napoleonic Wars cites Urlanis 1971 White, Matthew (2014), Statistics of Wars, Oppressions and Atrocities of the Nineteenth Century, retrieved 3 May 2017. This source references:
  - White 2014 cites Danzer White, Matthew (2014), Statistics of Wars, Oppressions and Atrocities of the Nineteenth Century, retrieved 3 May 2017. This source references:
    - White 2014 cites Payne White, Matthew (2014), Statistics of Wars, Oppressions and Atrocities of the Nineteenth Century, retrieved 3 May 2017. This source references:
      - White 2014. White, Matthew (2014), Statistics of Wars, Oppressions and Atrocities of the Nineteenth Century, retrieved 3 May 2017. This source references:
        Bodart, Gaston (1916), Losses of Life in Modern Wars

nmm.ac.uk

"Invasion of Britain – National Maritime Museum". Nmm.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.

parlement.com

"De Grondwet van 1815". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2014.

scielo.org.ar

Orellana Billiard, Jorge Andrés (2018). "BERGUÑO HURTADO, Fernando. Los soldados de Napoleón en la Independencia de Chile. 1817–1830". Revista de historia americana y argentina (in Spanish). 53 (1). Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2019.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Tone 1996, pp. 355–382. Tone, John Lawrence (1996). "Napoleon's uncongenial sea: Guerrilla warfare in Navarre during the Peninsular War, 1808–14". European History Quarterly. 26 (3): 355–382. doi:10.1177/026569149602600302. S2CID 144885121.
Buffinton, Arthur H. (1929). The Second Hundred Years' War, 1689–1815. See also: Crouzet, Francois (1996). "The Second Hundred Years War: Some Reflections". French History. 10 (4): 432–450. doi:10.1093/fh/10.4.432, and Scott, H. M. (1992). "Review: The Second 'Hundred Years War' 1689–1815". The Historical Journal. 35: 443–469. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00025887. S2CID 162306794.
McConachy 2001, pp. 617–640: McConachy rejects the alternative theory that growing reliance on artillery by the French army beginning in 1807 was an outgrowth of the declining quality of the French infantry and, later, France's inferiority in cavalry numbers McConachy, Bruce (2001). "The Roots of Artillery Doctrine: Napoleonic Artillery Tactics Reconsidered". Journal of Military History. 65 (3): 617–640. doi:10.2307/2677528. JSTOR 2677528. S2CID 159945703.

state.gov

history.state.gov

"Milestones: 1801–1829 - Office of the Historian". history.state.gov.

taphilo.com

Philo 2010. Philo, Tom (2010), Military and Civilian War Related Deaths Through the Ages, archived from the original on 20 April 2010^{[unreliable source]}^{[better source needed]}

uclm.es

Canales 2004. Canales, Esteban (2004), 1808–1814: demografía y guerra en España (PDF) (in Spanish), Autonomous University of Barcelona, retrieved 3 May 2017

ugent.be

lib.ugent.be

"Gedenkschriften over Napoleon's veldtochten, meegemaakt als soldaat bij het 2e regiment carabiniers te paard, 1805–1815". lib.ugent.be. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

web.archive.org

Many historians say it was not the "first" total war; for a critique of Bell see Frederick C. Schneid (2012). Napoleonic Wars. Potomac Books. p. 1802. ISBN 978-1-59797-578-0. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
The Austrian Imperial-Royal Army (Kaiserliche-Königliche Heer) 1805–1809: The Hungarian Royal Army [1] Archived 22 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
Fisher, Todd (2001). The Napoleonic Wars: The Empires Fight Back 1808–1812. Oshray Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-298-2. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
Sainsbury, John (1842). Sketch of the Napoleon Museum. London. p. 15. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
"The Royal Navy". Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
"De Grondwet van 1815". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
Dwyer, Philip G. (2014). The Rise of Prussia 1700–1830. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88703-4. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
Elliott, George (1816). The Life of the Most Noble Arthur, Duke of Wellington. London: J. Cundee. p. xiii–xiv. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
Esdaile, Charles J. (2004). Fighting Napoleon: Guerrillas, Bandits and Adventurers in Spain, 1808–1814, p. 108. Yale University Press. Archived 22 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine Google Books. Retrieved 14 September 2013.
Philo 2010. Philo, Tom (2010), Military and Civilian War Related Deaths Through the Ages, archived from the original on 20 April 2010^{[unreliable source]}^{[better source needed]}
Zamoyski, Adam (2018). Napoleon: A Life. London: Basic Books. p. 480. ISBN 978-0-465-05593-7. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
Dwyer, Philip G. (2014). The Rise of Prussia 1700–1830. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-88703-4. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
Geoffrey Wawro (2002). Warfare and Society in Europe, 1792–1914. Routledge. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-203-00735-8. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
Spencer C. Tucker (2012). The Encyclopedia of the War of 1812. ABC-CLIO. p. 499. ISBN 978-1-85109-957-3. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
"France – Les guerres de la Révolution et de l'Empire". Herodote.net. Archived from the original on 23 July 2012. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
Rabich, Adalbert (2011). Die Regionalgeschichte von Dülmen und Umgebung, Teil 2 (in German). Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. p. 37. ISBN 978-3-640-80584-6. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
Robin Neillands (2003). Wellington & Napoleon: Clash of Arms. Pen and Sword. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-85052-926-5. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
Horne, Alistair (2000). Cowley, Robert (ed.). What If?: The World's Foremost Historians Imagine What Might Have Been. Penguin. p. 161. ISBN 978-1-101-11891-7. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
"Measuring Worth – Purchase Power of the Pound". Archived from the original on 1 June 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
"Scène de la bataille de Trafalgar". Musee Marine (in French). Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
"Invasion of Britain – National Maritime Museum". Nmm.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 8 June 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
"O'Meara's account of Napoleon on the invasion of the England". Napoleon.org. Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
Otto Pivka (2012). Napoleon's Polish Troops. Osprey Publishing. pp. 8–10. ISBN 978-1-78096-549-9. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
"The Serbian Revolution and the Serbian State". staff.lib.msu.edu. Archived from the original on 16 April 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
"A Brief History of the Serbian Insurrections 1804–1817". www.napoleon-series.org. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
"MONTENEGRINA – digitalna biblioteka crnogorske kulture i nasljedja". www.montenegrina.net. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Torrance, Marie-Christiane (1986). "Some Russian Attitudes to France in the Period of the Napoleonic Wars as Revealed by Russian Memoirs (1807–14)". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature. 86C: 289–303. ISSN 0035-8991. JSTOR 25506143. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Ismail, F. (1979). "The Making of the Treaty of Bucharest, 1811–1812". Middle Eastern Studies. 15 (2): 163–192. doi:10.1080/00263207908700404. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282743. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Orellana Billiard, Jorge Andrés (2018). "BERGUÑO HURTADO, Fernando. Los soldados de Napoleón en la Independencia de Chile. 1817–1830". Revista de historia americana y argentina (in Spanish). 53 (1). Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
For Alexander Hamilton's take on the connection of Saint-Domingue and the Purchase, see "Hamilton on the Louisiana Purchase: A Newly Identified Editorial from the New-York Evening Post". William and Mary Quarterly. 12 (2): 268–281. April 1955. doi:10.2307/1920508. JSTOR 1920508. See also White, Ashli (2010). Encountering Revolution: Haiti and the Making of the Early Republic. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 180–191. ISBN 978-0-8018-9415-2. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
"Gedenkschriften over Napoleon's veldtochten, meegemaakt als soldaat bij het 2e regiment carabiniers te paard, 1805–1815". lib.ugent.be. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
"Napoleonic Wars | Summary, Combatants, & Maps | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
Gingras, Yves; Roy, Lyse (2006). Les Transformations des Universités du Xiiie Au Xxie Siècle. ISBN 978-2-7605-1914-5. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
Scott, Franklin D. (1984). The Peopling of America: Perspectives of Immigration. p. 24. Hansen, Marcus (1940). The Atlantic Migration. pp. 79–106, termed this a "new beginning" for American immigration. For further background context, see "North Atlantic, 1815–19". Migration as a travel business. Archived from the original on 27 June 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
"Napoleon's Total War". HistoryNet.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
Christopher David Hall (1992). British Strategy in the Napoleonic War, 1803–15. Manchester U.P. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-7190-3606-4. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
Robert Harvey (2013). The War of Wars. Constable & Robinson. p. 328. ISBN 978-1-84901-260-7. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
H.A Currathers (2014). Napoleon on Campaign. Sword & Pen Military. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-78346-250-6. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 5 June 2021.
Dwyer, Philip G. (17 September 2016), "Conclusion: Talleyrand: Cynical Opportunist or Agent of Change?", Talleyrand, Routledge, pp. 205–210, doi:10.4324/9781315840093-10, ISBN 978-1-315-84009-3, archived from the original on 8 December 2023, retrieved 30 November 2023
Hayes, David. "Alaric Bond". Historic Fiction. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.

worldcat.org

Ryan 1953. Ryan, A. N. (1953). "The Causes of the British Attack upon Copenhagen in 1807". The English Historical Review. 68 (266): 37–55. doi:10.1093/ehr/lxviii.cclxvi.37. ISSN 0013-8266.
Götz 2014, pp. 519–539. Götz, Norbert (6 June 2014). "The Good Plumpuddings' Belief: British Voluntary Aid to Sweden During the Napoleonic Wars". The International History Review. 37 (3): 519–539. doi:10.1080/07075332.2014.918559. ISSN 0707-5332.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (September 1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Meriage, Lawrence P. (1978). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. ISSN 0037-6779. JSTOR 2497684.
Torrance, Marie-Christiane (1986). "Some Russian Attitudes to France in the Period of the Napoleonic Wars as Revealed by Russian Memoirs (1807–14)". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section C: Archaeology, Celtic Studies, History, Linguistics, Literature. 86C: 289–303. ISSN 0035-8991. JSTOR 25506143. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
Ismail, F. (1979). "The Making of the Treaty of Bucharest, 1811–1812". Middle Eastern Studies. 15 (2): 163–192. doi:10.1080/00263207908700404. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4282743. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.