Natural selection (English Wikipedia)

Henry, Devin (September 2006). "Aristotle on the Mechanism of Inheritance". Journal of the History of Biology. 39 (3): 425–455. doi:10.1007/s10739-005-3058-y. S2CID 85671523.^{[permanent dead link]}
Stucke, Maurice E. (Summer 2008). "Better Competition Advocacy". St. John's Law Review. 82 (3). Jamaica, NY: 951–1036. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2008. This survival of the fittest, which I have here sought to express in mechanical terms, is that which Mr. Darwin has called 'natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life.'—Herbert Spencer, Principles of Biology (1864), vol. 1, pp. 444–445

blackwellpublishing.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Haldane, J. B. S. (December 1957). "The Cost of Natural Selection" (PDF). Journal of Genetics. 55 (3): 511–524. doi:10.1007/BF02984069. S2CID 32233460.
Wright, Sewall (1932). "The roles of mutation, inbreeding, crossbreeding and selection in evolution". Proceedings of the VI International Congress of Genetrics. 1: 356–366.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Lear 1988, p. 38 Lear, Jonathan (1988). Aristotle: The Desire to Understand. Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34762-4. LCCN 87020284. OCLC 16352317.
Hall, Brian K.; Hallgrímsson, Benedikt (2008). Strickberger's Evolution (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett. pp. 4–6. ISBN 978-0-7637-0066-9. OCLC 796450355.
Arnqvist, Göran; Rowe, Locke (2005). Sexual Conflict. Princeton University Press. pp. 14–43. ISBN 978-0-691-12218-2. OCLC 937342534.

darwin-online.org.uk (Global: 3,419^th place; English: 2,737^th place)

Darwin, Charles (1882). The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray. p. 129.
Darwin 1872, p. 55, 67 Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin 1872, p. xiii Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin 1859, p. 18 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1859, p. 61 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1859, p. 5 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1958, p. 120 Darwin, Charles (1958). Barlow, Nora (ed.). The Autobiography of Charles Darwin, 1809–1882: With original omissions restored; Edited and with Appendix and Notes by his grand-daughter, Nora Barlow. London: Collins. LCCN 93017940. OCLC 869541868.
Darwin 1859, pp. 126–127 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1866, pp. xiv–xv Darwin, Charles (1866). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (4th ed.). London: John Murray.
Darwin 1861, p. xiii Darwin, Charles (1861). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (3rd ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 04001284. OCLC 550913.
Darwin 1872, p. 421 Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin 1872, p. 414, 421 Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin 1859 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1872, p. 49. Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin 1859, 134-139, 179-186, Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin, Charles (1882). The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray. p. 106.
Darwin, Charles (1882). The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray. p. 129.
Darwin, Charles (1882). The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London: John Murray. pp. 101–103.
Darwin 1872, p. 67 Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th ed.). London: John Murray. OCLC 1185571.
Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species (1st edition). Chapter 4, page 88. "And this leads me to say a few words on what I call Sexual Selection. This depends ..." http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=side&itemID=F373&pageseq=12
Darwin 1859, p. 489 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.

darwinproject.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 8,142^nd place)

Darwin, Charles (28 September 1860). "Darwin, C. R. to Lyell, Charles". Darwin Correspondence Project. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Library. Letter 2931. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
"Darwin, C. R. to Wallace, A. R., 5 July (1866)". Darwin Correspondence Project. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Library. Letter 5145. Retrieved 12 January 2010.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Henry, Devin (September 2006). "Aristotle on the Mechanism of Inheritance". Journal of the History of Biology. 39 (3): 425–455. doi:10.1007/s10739-005-3058-y. S2CID 85671523.^{[permanent dead link]}
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en.wikisource.org (Global: 82^nd place; English: 41^st place)

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hanover.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

history.hanover.edu

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jic.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

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jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

Zirkle, Conway (25 April 1941). "Natural Selection before the 'Origin of Species'". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 84 (1): 71–123. JSTOR 984852.
Joravsky, David (January 1959). "Soviet Marxism and Biology before Lysenko". Journal of the History of Ideas. 20 (1): 85–104. doi:10.2307/2707968. JSTOR 2707968.
Blount, Zachary D.; Borland, Christina Z.; Lenski, Richard E. (2008). "Historical contingency and the evolution of a key innovation in an experimental population of Escherichia coli". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (23): 7899–906. Bibcode:2008PNAS..105.7899B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0803151105. JSTOR 25462703. PMC 2430337. PMID 18524956.
Pianka, Eric R. (November–December 1970). "On r- and K-Selection". The American Naturalist. 104 (940): 592–597. Bibcode:1970ANat..104..592P. doi:10.1086/282697. JSTOR 2459020. S2CID 83933177.
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Trivers, Robert L. (March 1971). "The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 46 (1): 35–57. doi:10.1086/406755. JSTOR 2822435. S2CID 19027999.
Bernstein, Harris; Byerly, Henry C.; Hopf, Frederick A.; et al. (June 1983). "The Darwinian Dynamic". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 58 (2): 185–207. doi:10.1086/413216. JSTOR 2828805. S2CID 83956410.

loc.gov (Global: 63^rd place; English: 47^th place)

lccn.loc.gov

Empedocles 1898, On Nature, Book II Empedocles (1898). "Empedokles". In Fairbanks, Arthur (ed.). The First Philosophers of Greece. Translation by Arthur Fairbanks. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. Ltd. LCCN 03031810. OCLC 1376248. The First Philosophers of Greece at the Internet Archive.
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Darwin 1859, p. 18 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1859, p. 61 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
Darwin 1859, p. 5 Darwin, Charles (1859). On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1st ed.). London: John Murray. LCCN 06017473. OCLC 741260650. The book is available from The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. Retrieved 2015-07-23.
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marxists.org (Global: 952^nd place; English: 914^th place)

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Walton, Olivia; Stevens, Martin (2018). "Avian vision models and field experiments determine the survival value of peppered moth camouflage". Communications Biology. 1 118. doi:10.1038/s42003-018-0126-3. PMC 6123793. PMID 30271998.
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