OLED (English Wikipedia)

Kamtekar, K. T.; Monkman, A. P.; Bryce, M. R. (2010). "Recent Advances in White Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (WOLEDs)". Advanced Materials. 22 (5): 572–582. Bibcode:2010AdM....22..572K. doi:10.1002/adma.200902148. PMID 20217752. S2CID 205234304.
D'Andrade, B. W.; Forrest, S. R. (2004). "White Organic Light-Emitting Devices for Solid-State Lighting". Advanced Materials. 16 (18): 1585–1595. Bibcode:2004AdM....16.1585D. doi:10.1002/adma.200400684. S2CID 137230337.
Chang, Yi-Lu; Lu, Zheng-Hong (2013). "White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Solid-State Lighting". Journal of Display Technology. PP (99): 1. Bibcode:2013JDisT...9..459C. doi:10.1109/JDT.2013.2248698. S2CID 19503009.
Tang, C. W.; Vanslyke, S. A. (1987). "Organic electroluminescent diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 51 (12): 913. Bibcode:1987ApPhL..51..913T. doi:10.1063/1.98799.
Kallmann, H.; Pope, M. (1960). "Positive Hole Injection into Organic Crystals". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 32 (1): 300. Bibcode:1960JChPh..32..300K. doi:10.1063/1.1700925.
Kallmann, H.; Pope, M. (1960). "Bulk Conductivity in Organic Crystals". Nature. 186 (4718): 31–33. Bibcode:1960Natur.186...31K. doi:10.1038/186031a0. S2CID 4243929.
Mark, Peter; Helfrich, Wolfgang (1962). "Space-Charge-Limited Currents in Organic Crystals". Journal of Applied Physics. 33 (1): 205. Bibcode:1962JAP....33..205M. doi:10.1063/1.1728487.
Pope, M.; Kallmann, H. P.; Magnante, P. (1963). "Electroluminescence in Organic Crystals". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 38 (8): 2042. Bibcode:1963JChPh..38.2042P. doi:10.1063/1.1733929.
Sano, Mizuka; Pope, Martin; Kallmann, Hartmut (1965). "Electroluminescence and Band Gap in Anthracene". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 43 (8): 2920. Bibcode:1965JChPh..43.2920S. doi:10.1063/1.1697243.
Helfrich, W.; Schneider, W. (1965). "Recombination Radiation in Anthracene Crystals". Physical Review Letters. 14 (7): 229–231. Bibcode:1965PhRvL..14..229H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.229.
Hilsum, Cyril (2010). "Flat-panel electronic displays: A triumph of physics, chemistry and engineering". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. 368 (1914): 1027–1082. Bibcode:2010RSPTA.368.1027H. doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0247. PMC 3263809. PMID 20123746.
Tang, C. W.; Vanslyke, S. A. (1987). "Organic electroluminescent diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 51 (12): 913–915. Bibcode:1987ApPhL..51..913T. doi:10.1063/1.98799.
Burroughes, J. H.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Brown, A. R.; Marks, R. N.; MacKay, K.; Friend, R. H.; Burns, P. L.; Holmes, A. B. (1990). "Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers". Nature. 347 (6293): 539–541. Bibcode:1990Natur.347..539B. doi:10.1038/347539a0. S2CID 43158308.
Bobbert, Peter; Coehoorn, Reinder (September 2013). "A look inside white OLEDs". Europhysics News. 44 (5): 21–25. Bibcode:2013ENews..44e..21B. doi:10.1051/epn/2013504. ISSN 0531-7479.
Kido, J.; Kimura, M.; Nagai, K. (3 March 1995). "Multilayer White Light-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Device". Science. 267 (5202): 1332–1334. Bibcode:1995Sci...267.1332K. doi:10.1126/science.267.5202.1332. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 17812607. S2CID 22265451.
Piromreun, Pongpun; Oh, Hwansool; Shen, Yulong; Malliaras, George G.; Scott, J. Campbell; Brock, Phil J. (2000). "Role of CsF on electron injection into a conjugated polymer". Applied Physics Letters. 77 (15): 2403. Bibcode:2000ApPhL..77.2403P. doi:10.1063/1.1317547.
Holmes, Russell; Erickson, N.; Lüssem, Björn; Leo, Karl (27 August 2010). "Highly efficient, single-layer organic light-emitting devices based on a graded-composition emissive layer". Applied Physics Letters. 97 (1): 083308. Bibcode:2010ApPhL..97a3308S. doi:10.1063/1.3460285.
Lin Ke, Peng; Ramadas, K.; Burden, A.; Soo-Jin, C. (June 2006). "Indium-tin-oxide-free organic light-emitting device". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 53 (6): 1483–1486. Bibcode:2006ITED...53.1483K. doi:10.1109/TED.2006.874724. S2CID 41905870.
Carter, S. A.; Angelopoulos, M.; Karg, S.; Brock, P. J.; Scott, J. C. (1997). "Polymeric anodes for improved polymer light-emitting diode performance". Applied Physics Letters. 70 (16): 2067. Bibcode:1997ApPhL..70.2067C. doi:10.1063/1.118953.
Friend, R. H.; Gymer, R. W.; Holmes, A. B.; Burroughes, J. H.; Marks, R. N.; Taliani, C.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Santos, D. A. Dos; Brdas, J. L.; Lgdlund, M.; Salaneck, W. R. (1999). "Electroluminescence in conjugated polymers". Nature. 397 (6715): 121–128. Bibcode:1999Natur.397..121F. doi:10.1038/16393. S2CID 4328634.
Davids, P. S.; Kogan, Sh. M.; Parker, I. D.; Smith, D. L. (1996). "Charge injection in organic light-emitting diodes: Tunneling into low mobility materials". Applied Physics Letters. 69 (15): 2270. Bibcode:1996ApPhL..69.2270D. doi:10.1063/1.117530.
Crone, B. K.; Campbell, I. H.; Davids, P. S.; Smith, D. L. (1998). "Charge injection and transport in single-layer organic light-emitting diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 73 (21): 3162. Bibcode:1998ApPhL..73.3162C. doi:10.1063/1.122706.
Crone, B. K.; Campbell, I. H.; Davids, P. S.; Smith, D. L.; Neef, C. J.; Ferraris, J. P. (1999). "Device physics of single layer organic light-emitting diodes". Journal of Applied Physics. 86 (10): 5767. Bibcode:1999JAP....86.5767C. doi:10.1063/1.371591.
Tang, C. W.; Vanslyke, S. A. (1987). "Organic electroluminescent diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 51 (12): 913. Bibcode:1987ApPhL..51..913T. doi:10.1063/1.98799.
Sato, Y.; Ichinosawa, S.; Kanai, H. (1998). "Operation Characteristics and Degradation of Organic Electroluminescent Devices". IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics. 4 (1): 40–48. Bibcode:1998IJSTQ...4...40S. doi:10.1109/2944.669464.
Young, Ralph H.; Tang, Ching W.; Marchetti, Alfred P. (4 February 2002). "Current-induced fluorescence quenching in organic light-emitting diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 80 (5): 874–876. Bibcode:2002ApPhL..80..874Y. doi:10.1063/1.1445271. ISSN 0003-6951.
Duarte, FJ; Liao, LS; Vaeth, KM (2005). "Coherence characteristics of electrically excited tandem organic light-emitting diodes". Optics Letters. 30 (22): 3072–4. Bibcode:2005OptL...30.3072D. doi:10.1364/OL.30.003072. PMID 16315725.
Duarte, FJ (2007). "Coherent electrically excited organic semiconductors: visibility of interferograms and emission linewidth". Optics Letters. 32 (4): 412–4. Bibcode:2007OptL...32..412D. doi:10.1364/OL.32.000412. PMID 17356670.
Hebner, T. R.; Wu, C. C.; Marcy, D.; Lu, M. H.; Sturm, J. C. (1998). "Ink-jet printing of doped polymers for organic light emitting devices". Applied Physics Letters. 72 (5): 519. Bibcode:1998ApPhL..72..519H. doi:10.1063/1.120807.
Bharathan, Jayesh; Yang, Yang (1998). "Polymer electroluminescent devices processed by inkjet printing: I. Polymer light-emitting logo". Applied Physics Letters. 72 (21): 2660. Bibcode:1998ApPhL..72.2660B. doi:10.1063/1.121090.
Wagaman, Michael; Grubbs, Robert H. (1997). "Synthesis of Organic and Water Soluble Poly(1,4-phenylenevinylenes) Containing Carboxyl Groups: Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) of 2,3-Dicarboxybarrelenes". Macromolecules. 30 (14): 3978–3985. Bibcode:1997MaMol..30.3978W. doi:10.1021/ma9701595.
Pu, Lin; Wagaman, Michael; Grubbs, Robert H. (1996). "Synthesis of Poly(1,4-naphthylenevinylenes): Metathesis Polymerization of Benzobarrelenes". Macromolecules. 29 (4): 1138–1143. Bibcode:1996MaMol..29.1138P. doi:10.1021/ma9500143.
Yang, Xiaohui; Neher, Dieter; Hertel, Dirk; Daubler, Thomas (2004). "Highly Efficient Single-Layer Polymer Electrophosphorescent Devices". Advanced Materials. 16 (2): 161–166. Bibcode:2004AdM....16..161Y. doi:10.1002/adma.200305621. S2CID 97006074.
Baldo, M. A.; O'Brien, D. F.; You, Y.; Shoustikov, A.; Sibley, S.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S.R. (1998). "Highly Efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices". Nature. 395 (6698): 151–154. Bibcode:1998Natur.395..151B. doi:10.1038/25954. S2CID 4393960.
Baldo, M. A.; Lamansky, S.; Burrows, P. E.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. (1999). "Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence". Applied Physics Letters. 75 (1): 4. Bibcode:1999ApPhL..75....4B. doi:10.1063/1.124258.
Adachi, C.; Baldo, M. A.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. (2001). "Nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency in an organic light-emitting device". Journal of Applied Physics. 90 (10): 5048. Bibcode:2001JAP....90.5048A. doi:10.1063/1.1409582.
Singh, Madhusudan; Chae, Hyun Sik; Froehlich, Jesse D.; Kondou, Takashi; Li, Sheng; Mochizuki, Amane; Jabbour, Ghassan E. (2009). "Electroluminescence from printed stellate polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes". Soft Matter. 5 (16): 3002. Bibcode:2009SMat....5.3002S. doi:10.1039/b903531a.
An, Dong; Liu, Hongli; Wang, Shirong; Li, Xianggao (15 April 2019). "Modification of ITO anodes with self-assembled monolayers for enhancing hole injection in OLEDs". Applied Physics Letters. 114 (15): 153301. Bibcode:2019ApPhL.114o3301A. doi:10.1063/1.5086800. ISSN 0003-6951. S2CID 145936584.
Adhikary, Apurba; Bhuiya, Joy; Murad, Saydul Akbar; Hossain, Md. Bipul; Uddin, K. M. Aslam; Faysal, MD Estihad; Rahaman, Abidur; Bairagi, Anupam Kumar (27 May 2022). "Performance evaluation of micro lens arrays: Improvement of light intensity and efficiency of white organic light emitting diodes". PLOS ONE. 17 (5) e0269134. Bibcode:2022PLoSO..1769134A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269134. PMC 9140251. PMID 35622833.
Mizuno, K.; Ono, S.; Shibata, Y. (August 1973). "Two different mode interactions in an electron tube with a Fabry—Perot resonator—The Ledatron". IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. 20 (8): 749–752. Bibcode:1973ITED...20..749M. doi:10.1109/T-ED.1973.17737. ISSN 0018-9383.
Chen, Shufen; Deng, Lingling; Xie, Jun; Peng, Ling; Xie, Linghai; Fan, Quli; Huang, Wei (7 December 2010). "Recent Developments in Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Diodes". Advanced Materials. 22 (46): 5227–5239. Bibcode:2010AdM....22.5227C. doi:10.1002/adma.201001167. PMID 20842657. S2CID 23703980.
Ishibashi, Tadashi; Yamada, Jiro; Hirano, Takashi; Iwase, Yuichi; Sato, Yukio; Nakagawa, Ryo; Sekiya, Mitsunobu; Sasaoka, Tatsuya; Urabe, Tetsuo (25 May 2006). "Active Matrix Organic light Emitting Diode Display Based on "Super Top Emission" Technology". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. 45 (5B): 4392–4395. Bibcode:2006JaJAP..45.4392I. doi:10.1143/JJAP.45.4392. ISSN 0021-4922. S2CID 121307571.
Chu, Ta-Ya; Chen, Jenn-Fang; Chen, Szu-Yi; Chen, Chao-Jung; Chen, Chin H. (2006). "Highly efficient and stable inverted bottom-emission organic light emitting devices". Applied Physics Letters. 89 (5): 053503. Bibcode:2006ApPhL..89e3503C. doi:10.1063/1.2268923.
Liu, Jie; Lewis, Larry N.; Duggal, Anil R. (2007). "Photoactivated and patternable charge transport materials and their use in organic light-emitting devices". Applied Physics Letters. 90 (23): 233503. Bibcode:2007ApPhL..90w3503L. doi:10.1063/1.2746404.
Grimaldi, I. A.; De Girolamo Del Mauro, A.; Nenna, G.; Loffredo, F.; Minarini, C.; Villani, F.; d'Amore, A.; Acierno, D.; Grassia, L. (2010). Inkjet Etching of Polymer Surfaces to Manufacture Microstructures for OLED Applications. V Ioternational COnference on Times of Polymers (TOP) and Composites. AIP Conference Proceedings. AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 1255. pp. 104–106. Bibcode:2010AIPC.1255..104G. doi:10.1063/1.3455544.
Bower, C. A.; Menard, E.; Bonafede, S.; Hamer, J. W.; Cok, R. S. (2011). "Transfer-Printed Microscale Integrated Circuits for High Performance Display Backplanes". IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology. 1 (12): 1916–1922. Bibcode:2011ITCPM...1.1916B. doi:10.1109/TCPMT.2011.2128324. S2CID 22414052.
Pardo, Dino A.; Jabbour, G. E.; Peyghambarian, N. (2000). "Application of Screen Printing in the Fabrication of Organic Light-Emitting Devices". Advanced Materials. 12 (17): 1249–1252. Bibcode:2000AdM....12.1249P. doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200009)12:17<1249::AID-ADMA1249>3.0.CO;2-Y.
Gustafsson, G.; Cao, Y.; Treacy, G. M.; Klavetter, F.; Colaneri, N.; Heeger, A. J. (1992). "Flexible light-emitting diodes made from soluble conducting polymers". Nature. 357 (6378): 477–479. Bibcode:1992Natur.357..477G. doi:10.1038/357477a0. S2CID 4366944.
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Kido, Junji; Kimura, Masato; Nagai, Katsutoshi (3 March 1995). "Multilayer White Light-Emitting Organic Electroluminescent Device". Science. 267 (5202): 1332–1334. Bibcode:1995Sci...267.1332K. doi:10.1126/science.267.5202.1332. PMID 17812607.
Kordt, Pascal; et al. (2015). "Modeling of Organic Light Emitting Diodes: From Molecular to Device Properties". Advanced Functional Materials. 25 (13): 1955–1971. Bibcode:2015AdvFM..25.1955K. doi:10.1002/adfm.201403004. hdl:21.11116/0000-0001-6CD1-A. S2CID 18575622.

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Tang, C. W.; Vanslyke, S. A. (1987). "Organic electroluminescent diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 51 (12): 913–915. Bibcode:1987ApPhL..51..913T. doi:10.1063/1.98799.

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Reineke, Sebastian; Thomschke, Michael; Lüssem, Björn; Leo, Karl (30 July 2013). "White organic light-emitting diodes: Status and perspective". Reviews of Modern Physics. 85 (3): 1245–1293. arXiv:1302.3435. Bibcode:2013RvMP...85.1245R. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1245. ISSN 0034-6861.

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Reineke, Sebastian; Thomschke, Michael; Lüssem, Björn; Leo, Karl (30 July 2013). "White organic light-emitting diodes: Status and perspective". Reviews of Modern Physics. 85 (3): 1245–1293. arXiv:1302.3435. Bibcode:2013RvMP...85.1245R. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1245. ISSN 0034-6861.
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Forrest, Stephen R. (22 July 2020). Organic Electronics: Foundations to Applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-105356-6.
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Advances in Semiconductor Technologies: Selected Topics Beyond Conventional CMOS. John Wiley & Sons. 11 October 2022. ISBN 978-1-119-86958-0.

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doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Kamtekar, K. T.; Monkman, A. P.; Bryce, M. R. (2010). "Recent Advances in White Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (WOLEDs)". Advanced Materials. 22 (5): 572–582. Bibcode:2010AdM....22..572K. doi:10.1002/adma.200902148. PMID 20217752. S2CID 205234304.
D'Andrade, B. W.; Forrest, S. R. (2004). "White Organic Light-Emitting Devices for Solid-State Lighting". Advanced Materials. 16 (18): 1585–1595. Bibcode:2004AdM....16.1585D. doi:10.1002/adma.200400684. S2CID 137230337.
Chang, Yi-Lu; Lu, Zheng-Hong (2013). "White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes for Solid-State Lighting". Journal of Display Technology. PP (99): 1. Bibcode:2013JDisT...9..459C. doi:10.1109/JDT.2013.2248698. S2CID 19503009.
Tang, C. W.; Vanslyke, S. A. (1987). "Organic electroluminescent diodes". Applied Physics Letters. 51 (12): 913. Bibcode:1987ApPhL..51..913T. doi:10.1063/1.98799.
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appleinsider.com (Global: 5,222^nd place; English: 3,698^th place)

aps.org (Global: 1,264^th place; English: 951^st place)

arstechnica.com (Global: 473^rd place; English: 338^th place)

arxiv.org (Global: 49^th place; English: 31^st place)

bloomberg.com (Global: 118^th place; English: 85^th place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

broadbandtvnews.com (Global: 7,032^nd place; English: 4,367^th place)

chosun.com (Global: 327^th place; English: 360^th place)

cnet.com (Global: 447^th place; English: 345^th place)

cnn.com (Global: 36^th place; English: 26^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

edn.com (Global: low place; English: 9,190^th place)

eetimes.com (Global: 4,224^th place; English: 2,761^st place)

elsevier.com (Global: 365^th place; English: 372^nd place)

energy.gov (Global: 2,792^nd place; English: 1,703^rd place)

engadget.com (Global: 613^th place; English: 442^nd place)

espacenet.com (Global: 950^th place; English: 813^th place)

etnews.com (Global: 7,479^th place; English: low place)

eurekalert.org (Global: 3,950^th place; English: 3,383^rd place)

extremetech.com (Global: 6,470^th place; English: 4,882^nd place)

finance.yahoo.com (Global: 894^th place; English: 567^th place)

firstpost.com (Global: 637^th place; English: 323^rd place)

gatech.edu (Global: 4,205^th place; English: 2,374^th place)

gizmag.com (Global: 9,723^rd place; English: 6,378^th place)

gizmodo.com (Global: 763^rd place; English: 486^th place)

globalpost.com (Global: 6,843^rd place; English: 5,087^th place)

google.nl (Global: 9,780^th place; English: low place)

gsmarena.com (Global: 1,186^th place; English: 911^th place)

hdl.handle.net (Global: 66^th place; English: 34^th place)

ibtimes.com (Global: 1,495^th place; English: 1,080^th place)

ieee.org (Global: 912^th place; English: 722^nd place)

ifixit.com (Global: 7,816^th place; English: 6,355^th place)

impress.co.jp (Global: 543^rd place; English: 2,189^th place)

invent.org (Global: 8,450^th place; English: 6,923^rd place)

iop.org (Global: 1,046^th place; English: 1,608^th place)

japantimes.co.jp (Global: 407^th place; English: 286^th place)

koreatimes.co.kr (Global: 582^nd place; English: 434^th place)

latimes.com (Global: 32^nd place; English: 21^st place)

macworld.com (Global: 3,602^nd place; English: 2,320^th place)

medium.com (Global: 651^st place; English: 479^th place)

mk.co.kr (Global: 1,173^rd place; English: 1,260^th place)

mpg.de (Global: 1,722^nd place; English: 1,710^th place)

nap.edu (Global: 2,540^th place; English: 1,815^th place)

nationalacademies.org (Global: 5,043^rd place; English: 4,239^th place)

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; English: 347^th place)

ncsu.edu (Global: 2,653^rd place; English: 1,525^th place)

newatlas.com (Global: 5,974^th place; English: 3,758^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

nikkeibp.co.jp (Global: 1,879^th place; English: low place)

nintendo.com (Global: 1,357^th place; English: 1,183^rd place)

nus.edu.sg (Global: 2,453^rd place; English: 1,629^th place)

patents.google.com (Global: 1,154^th place; English: 606^th place)

pcmag.com (Global: 1,442^nd place; English: 915^th place)

pcworld.com (Global: 1,889^th place; English: 1,323^rd place)

physorg.com (Global: 8,229^th place; English: 8,138^th place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; English: 89^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

science.org (Global: 1,007^th place; English: 665^th place)

sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; English: 146^th place)

scitation.org (Global: 5,891^st place; English: 4,891^st place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

slashgear.com (Global: 7,850^th place; English: 5,425^th place)