Objectivism (English Wikipedia)

Sciabarra 2013, p. 1; Badhwar & Long 2020; Gotthelf 2000, p. 1; Machan 2000, p. 9; Heyl 1995, p. 223; Burns 2020, p. 259; Cocks 2020, p. 11 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (2013). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-06227-3. OCLC 853618653. Badhwar, Neera & Long, Roderick T. (Fall 2020). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Ayn Rand". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved May 20, 2021. Gotthelf, Allan (2000). On Ayn Rand. Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 978-0-534-57625-7. Machan, Tibor R. (2000). Ayn Rand. Masterworks in the Western Tradition. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8204-4144-3. OCLC 41096316. Heyl, Jenny A. (1995). "Ayn Rand (1905–1982)". In Waithe, Mary Ellen (ed.). Contemporary Women Philosophers: 1900–today. A History of Women Philosophers series. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 207–224. ISBN 978-0-7923-2808-7. OCLC 30029022. Burns, Eric (2020). 1957: The Year that Launched the American Future. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-3995-0. Cocks, Neil, ed. (2020). Questioning Ayn Rand: Subjectivity, Political Economy, and the Arts. Palgrave Studies in Literature, Culture and Economics (Kindle ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-030-53072-3.
Sciabarra 2013, p. 2; Salmieri, Gregory. "An Introduction to the Study of Ayn Rand". In Gotthelf & Salmieri 2016, p. 5 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (2013). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-06227-3. OCLC 853618653. Gotthelf, Allan & Salmieri, Gregory, eds. (2016). A Companion to Ayn Rand. Blackwell Companions to Philosophy. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-8684-1.
Heller, Anne C. (2009). Ayn Rand and the World She Made. New York: Doubleday. p. xii. ISBN 978-0-385-51399-9.
Stevens 1998 Stevens, Jacqueline (1998). "Ayn Rand". In Benewick, Robert & Green, Philip (eds.). The Routledge Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Political Thinkers (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 263–264. ISBN 978-0-415-15881-7.

archive.today

Ghate, Onkar (February 2, 2008). "The Appeal of Ayn Rand". Capitalism Magazine. Archived from the original on April 22, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.

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Kelley, David (October 17, 2008). "A Note to Our Members About Open Objectivism". Atlas Society.

aynrand.org

Epstein, Alex (February 4, 2003). "Faith-Based Initiatives Are an Assault on Secular Government". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Binswanger, Harry (March 3, 2005). "The Ten Commandments vs. America". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Lockitch, Keith (December 11, 2005). "'Intelligent Design' Is about Religion versus Reason". Orange County Register. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Schwartz 1989 Schwartz, Peter (May 18, 1989). "On Moral Sanctions". The Intellectual Activist. 5 (1). Archived from the original on August 6, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2009.

courses.aynrand.org

Peikoff 1989a Peikoff, Leonard (February 27, 1989a). "Why Should One Act on Principle?". The Intellectual Activist. 4 (20).

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"Free Speech". Ayn Rand Lexicon.

capitalismmagazine.com

Ghate, Onkar (February 2, 2008). "The Appeal of Ayn Rand". Capitalism Magazine. Archived from the original on April 22, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.

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Campbell, R. L. (Fall 1999). "Ayn Rand and the Cognitive Revolution in Psychology". Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. 1 (1): 107–134.

doi.org

Rand 1964, p. 22; for more on Rand's theory of volition, see Binswanger 1991; Branden 1969; and Peikoff 1991, pp. 55–72. Rand, Ayn (1964). The Virtue of Selfishness (paperback ed.). New York: Signet. ISBN 978-0-451-16393-6. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Binswanger, Harry (December 1991). "Volition as Cognitive Self-Regulation". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 50 (2): 154–178. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90019-P. Branden, Nathaniel (1969). "Man: A Being of Volitional Consciousness". The Psychology of Self-Esteem. Los Angeles: Nash Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8402-1109-5. Peikoff, Leonard (1991). Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-0-452-01101-4.
Barr 2012 Barr, Emily J. (December 2012). "Sex and the Egoist: Measuring Ayn Rand's Fiction Against Her Philosophy". The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. 12 (2): 193–206. doi:10.2307/41717247. JSTOR 41717247.
Branden, Nathaniel (Fall 1984). "The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand: A Personal Statement". Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 24 (4): 29–64. doi:10.1177/0022167884244004. S2CID 144772216. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011.

etymonline.com

"altruism (n .)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Douglas Harper. Retrieved May 27, 2021.

isil.org

Childs, Roy (1969). "Objectivism and the State: An Open Letter to Ayn Rand"

jstor.org

Barr 2012 Barr, Emily J. (December 2012). "Sex and the Egoist: Measuring Ayn Rand's Fiction Against Her Philosophy". The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. 12 (2): 193–206. doi:10.2307/41717247. JSTOR 41717247.

mises.org

O'Neil, Patrick M. (Spring 1983). "Ayn Rand and the Is-Ought Problem" (PDF). Journal of Libertarian Studies. 7 (1): 81–99.
Rothbard, Murray N. (1974). "Anatomy of the State: What the State Is Not". Egalitarianism as a Revolt Against Nature and Other Essays.

nytimes.com

Rubin, Harriet (September 15, 2007). "Ayn Rand's Literature of Capitalism". The New York Times. Retrieved September 18, 2007.

peikoff.com

Peikoff 1989b Peikoff, Leonard (May 18, 1989b). "Fact and Value". The Intellectual Activist. 5 (1).

reasonpapers.com

Dipert, Randall R. (Spring 1987). "Review Essay: David Kelley's Evidence of the Senses: A Realist Theory of Perception" (PDF). Reason Papers (12): 57–70.
St. F. Blair, Paul (Spring 1985). "The Randian Argument Reconsidered: A Reply to Charles King" (PDF). Reason Papers (10). Retrieved September 14, 2011.
Den Uyl, Douglas J. (1998). "On Rand as Philosopher" (PDF). Reason Papers. 23: 70–71. Retrieved August 8, 2011.

redbarn.org

mol.redbarn.org

Branden, Nathaniel (Fall 1984). "The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand: A Personal Statement". Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 24 (4): 29–64. doi:10.1177/0022167884244004. S2CID 144772216. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011.

rutlandherald.com

Harvey, Benjamin (May 15, 2005). "Ayn Rand at 100: An 'ism' struts its stuff". Rutland Herald. Archived from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Branden, Nathaniel (Fall 1984). "The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand: A Personal Statement". Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 24 (4): 29–64. doi:10.1177/0022167884244004. S2CID 144772216. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

Badhwar & Long 2020 Badhwar, Neera & Long, Roderick T. (Fall 2020). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Ayn Rand". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
Sciabarra 2013, p. 1; Badhwar & Long 2020; Gotthelf 2000, p. 1; Machan 2000, p. 9; Heyl 1995, p. 223; Burns 2020, p. 259; Cocks 2020, p. 11 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (2013). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-06227-3. OCLC 853618653. Badhwar, Neera & Long, Roderick T. (Fall 2020). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Ayn Rand". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved May 20, 2021. Gotthelf, Allan (2000). On Ayn Rand. Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 978-0-534-57625-7. Machan, Tibor R. (2000). Ayn Rand. Masterworks in the Western Tradition. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8204-4144-3. OCLC 41096316. Heyl, Jenny A. (1995). "Ayn Rand (1905–1982)". In Waithe, Mary Ellen (ed.). Contemporary Women Philosophers: 1900–today. A History of Women Philosophers series. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 207–224. ISBN 978-0-7923-2808-7. OCLC 30029022. Burns, Eric (2020). 1957: The Year that Launched the American Future. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-3995-0. Cocks, Neil, ed. (2020). Questioning Ayn Rand: Subjectivity, Political Economy, and the Arts. Palgrave Studies in Literature, Culture and Economics (Kindle ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-030-53072-3.

supersaturated.com

enlightenment.supersaturated.com

Khawaja, Irfan (December 2000). "Comments on Tara Smith's Viable Values". Retrieved May 29, 2009.; Hsieh, Diana (Spring 2007). "Egoism Explained: A Review of Tara Smith's Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist". The Objective Standard. 2 (1). Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2009.

theinfo.org

linguafranca.mirror.theinfo.org

McLemee, Scott (September 1999). "The Heirs Of Ayn Rand: Has Objectivism Gone Subjective?". Lingua Franca. 9 (6): 45–55.

theobjectivestandard.com

Khawaja, Irfan (December 2000). "Comments on Tara Smith's Viable Values". Retrieved May 29, 2009.; Hsieh, Diana (Spring 2007). "Egoism Explained: A Review of Tara Smith's Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist". The Objective Standard. 2 (1). Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2009.

utm.edu

iep.utm.edu

Hicks 2005 Hicks, Stephen R. C. (July 7, 2005). "Ayn Rand (1905-1982)". Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved March 15, 2011.

web.archive.org

Epstein, Alex (February 4, 2003). "Faith-Based Initiatives Are an Assault on Secular Government". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Binswanger, Harry (March 3, 2005). "The Ten Commandments vs. America". Ayn Rand Institute. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Lockitch, Keith (December 11, 2005). "'Intelligent Design' Is about Religion versus Reason". Orange County Register. Archived from the original on March 24, 2012. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
Schwartz 1989 Schwartz, Peter (May 18, 1989). "On Moral Sanctions". The Intellectual Activist. 5 (1). Archived from the original on August 6, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2009.
Khawaja, Irfan (December 2000). "Comments on Tara Smith's Viable Values". Retrieved May 29, 2009.; Hsieh, Diana (Spring 2007). "Egoism Explained: A Review of Tara Smith's Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist". The Objective Standard. 2 (1). Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2009.
Branden, Nathaniel (Fall 1984). "The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand: A Personal Statement". Journal of Humanistic Psychology. 24 (4): 29–64. doi:10.1177/0022167884244004. S2CID 144772216. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011.
Harvey, Benjamin (May 15, 2005). "Ayn Rand at 100: An 'ism' struts its stuff". Rutland Herald. Archived from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Sciabarra 2013, p. 1; Badhwar & Long 2020; Gotthelf 2000, p. 1; Machan 2000, p. 9; Heyl 1995, p. 223; Burns 2020, p. 259; Cocks 2020, p. 11 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (2013). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-06227-3. OCLC 853618653. Badhwar, Neera & Long, Roderick T. (Fall 2020). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Ayn Rand". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved May 20, 2021. Gotthelf, Allan (2000). On Ayn Rand. Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 978-0-534-57625-7. Machan, Tibor R. (2000). Ayn Rand. Masterworks in the Western Tradition. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8204-4144-3. OCLC 41096316. Heyl, Jenny A. (1995). "Ayn Rand (1905–1982)". In Waithe, Mary Ellen (ed.). Contemporary Women Philosophers: 1900–today. A History of Women Philosophers series. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 207–224. ISBN 978-0-7923-2808-7. OCLC 30029022. Burns, Eric (2020). 1957: The Year that Launched the American Future. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-3995-0. Cocks, Neil, ed. (2020). Questioning Ayn Rand: Subjectivity, Political Economy, and the Arts. Palgrave Studies in Literature, Culture and Economics (Kindle ed.). Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-030-53072-3.
Sciabarra 2013, p. 2; Salmieri, Gregory. "An Introduction to the Study of Ayn Rand". In Gotthelf & Salmieri 2016, p. 5 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (2013). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-06227-3. OCLC 853618653. Gotthelf, Allan & Salmieri, Gregory, eds. (2016). A Companion to Ayn Rand. Blackwell Companions to Philosophy. Chichester, United Kingdom: Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-8684-1.
Burns 2009, p. 4; Gladstein 2009, pp. 107–108, 124 Burns, Jennifer (2009). Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532487-7. OCLC 313665028. Gladstein, Mimi Reisel (2009). Ayn Rand. Major Conservative and Libertarian Thinkers series. New York: Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-4513-1. OCLC 319595162.
Sciabarra 1995, pp. 1–2 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (1995). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01440-1. OCLC 31133644.
Rand 1990 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, p. 36 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, p. 5 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, p. 3 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, p. 81 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Peikoff, Leonard. "The Analytic-Synthetic Dichotomy". In Rand 1990, pp. 97–98. The quotes within this passage are of Rand's material elsewhere in the same book. Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, p. 12; for more on Rand's theory of concepts see also Kelley, David "A Theory of Abstraction" and "The Psychology of Abstraction", Cognition and Brain Theory vol. vii, no. 3 and 4 (Summer/Fall 1984), and Rasmussen, Douglas B., "Quine and Aristotelian Essentialism", The New Scholasticism 58 (Summer, 1984) Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Rand 1990, pp. 15–28 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Peikoff, Leonard. "The Analytic-Synthetic Dichotomy". In Rand 1990, p. 94 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Peikoff, Leonard. "The Analytic-Synthetic Dichotomy". In Rand 1990, pp. 116–118 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Lecture by Leonard Peikoff, cited in Sciabarra 1995. Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (1995). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01440-1. OCLC 31133644.
For example, Machan 2000, pp. 134–151 Machan, Tibor R. (2000). Ayn Rand. Masterworks in the Western Tradition. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8204-4144-3. OCLC 41096316.
Rand 1990, p. 289 Rand, Ayn (1990). Binswanger, Harry & Peikoff, Leonard (eds.). Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology (second ed.). New York: Meridian. ISBN 978-0-452-01030-7. OCLC 20353709.
Long, Roderick T. (2000). Reason and Value: Rand versus Aristotle. Objectivist Studies Monographs. Poughkeepsie, NY: The Objectivist Center. ISBN 978-1-57724-045-7. OCLC 49875339.
Rand 1964, p. 18; for more on Rand's metaethics see Binswanger 1990, pp. 58–66, Smith 2000 and Gotthelf & Lennox 2010 Rand, Ayn (1964). The Virtue of Selfishness (paperback ed.). New York: Signet. ISBN 978-0-451-16393-6. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Binswanger, Harry (1990). The Biological Basis of Teleological Concepts. Los Angeles: Ayn Rand Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-9625336-0-0. Smith, Tara (2000). Viable Values: A Study of Life as the Root and Reward of Morality. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-9760-1. OCLC 42397381. Gotthelf, Allan & Lennox, James G., eds. (2010). Metaethics, Egoism, and Virtue: Studies in Ayn Rand's Normative Theory. Ayn Rand Society Philosophical Studies. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-4400-3. OCLC 617508678.
Rand 1964, p. 25; Smith 2006, p. 7 Rand, Ayn (1964). The Virtue of Selfishness (paperback ed.). New York: Signet. ISBN 978-0-451-16393-6. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Smith, Tara (2006). Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86050-5. OCLC 60971741.
Smith 2006, pp. 23–24 Smith, Tara (2006). Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86050-5. OCLC 60971741.
See also Smith 2006 Smith, Tara (2006). Ayn Rand's Normative Ethics: The Virtuous Egoist. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86050-5. OCLC 60971741.
Peikoff 1991, p. 354; Sciabarra 1995, p. 274 Peikoff, Leonard (1991). Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-0-452-01101-4. Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (1995). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01440-1. OCLC 31133644.
Rand 1964, p. 36; Peikoff 1991, p. 310; Smith 1997, pp. 143–147 Rand, Ayn (1964). The Virtue of Selfishness (paperback ed.). New York: Signet. ISBN 978-0-451-16393-6. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Peikoff, Leonard (1991). Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-0-452-01101-4. Smith, Tara (1997). Moral Rights and Political Freedom. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8026-9. OCLC 31710378.
Smith 1997, pp. 150–155 Smith, Tara (1997). Moral Rights and Political Freedom. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8026-9. OCLC 31710378.
Peikoff 1991, pp. 351–352. The Objectivist understanding of rights is explored at length in Smith 1997. Peikoff, Leonard (1991). Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-0-452-01101-4. Smith, Tara (1997). Moral Rights and Political Freedom. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8026-9. OCLC 31710378.
Smith 1997, pp. 165–182; Touchstone 2006, p. 108 Smith, Tara (1997). Moral Rights and Political Freedom. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8026-9. OCLC 31710378. Touchstone, Kathleen (2006). Then Athena Said: Unilateral Transfers and the Transformation of Objectivist Ethics. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. ISBN 978-0-7618-3519-6. OCLC 70783649.
Peikoff 1991, pp. 392–395; Sciabarra 1995, p. 284 Peikoff, Leonard (1991). Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-0-452-01101-4. Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (1995). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01440-1. OCLC 31133644.
Rand 2005, pp. 45–46 Rand, Ayn (2005). Mayhew, Robert (ed.). Ayn Rand Answers, the Best of Her Q&A. New York: New American Library. ISBN 978-0-451-21665-6. OCLC 59148253.
Barry 1987, pp. 128–129 Barry, Norman P. (1987). On Classical Liberalism and Libertarianism. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-00243-5. OCLC 14134854.
Kukathas 1998 Kukathas, Chandran (1998). "Rand, Ayn (1905–82)". In Craig, Edward (ed.). Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 8. New York: Routledge. pp. 55–56. ISBN 978-0-415-07310-3. OCLC 318280731.
Burns 2009, pp. 250–251 Burns, Jennifer (2009). Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532487-7. OCLC 313665028.
"What is Romanticism?" in Rand 1971 Rand, Ayn (1971). The Romantic Manifesto (paperback ed.). New York: Signet. OCLC 733753672.
Torres & Kamhi 2000, pp. 31–32; Holzer 2005, pp. 115–125 Torres, Louis & Kamhi, Michelle Marder (2000). What Art Is: The Esthetic Theory of Ayn Rand. Chicago: Open Court Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8126-9372-0. OCLC 43787446. Holzer, Erika (2005). Ayn Rand: My Fiction Writing Teacher. Indio, CA: Madison Press. ISBN 978-0-615-13041-5. OCLC 70662150.
Gladstein 1999, p. 111 Gladstein, Mimi Reisel (1999). The New Ayn Rand Companion. Westport, CN: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-30321-0. OCLC 40359365.
Burns 2009, p. 4 Burns, Jennifer (2009). Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532487-7. OCLC 313665028.
Sciabarra 1995, p. 386n.7 Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (1995). Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-01440-1. OCLC 31133644.
Gladstein 2009, pp. 116–117; Burns 2009, p. 297 Gladstein, Mimi Reisel (2009). Ayn Rand. Major Conservative and Libertarian Thinkers series. New York: Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-4513-1. OCLC 319595162. Burns, Jennifer (2009). Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-532487-7. OCLC 313665028.