Occam's razor (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Occam's razor" in English language version.

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archive.org

Sober, Elliott (1975). Simplicity. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-824407-3.

arxiv.org

Soklakov, A. N. (2002). "Occam's Razor as a formal basis for a physical theory". Foundations of Physics Letters. 15 (2): 107–135. arXiv:math-ph/0009007. Bibcode:2000math.ph...9007S. doi:10.1023/A:1020994407185. S2CID 14940740.
Rathmanner, Samuel; Hutter, Marcus (2011). "A philosophical treatise of universal induction". Entropy. 13 (6): 1076–1136. arXiv:1105.5721. Bibcode:2011Entrp..13.1076R. doi:10.3390/e13061076. S2CID 2499910.
Courtney, A.; Courtney, M. (2008). "Comments Regarding 'On the Nature of Science'". Physics in Canada. 64 (3): 7–8. arXiv:0812.4932. Bibcode:2008arXiv0812.4932C.
Vitanyi, P.M.B.; Ming Li (March 2000). "Minimum description length induction, Bayesianism, and Kolmogorov complexity". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. 46 (2): 446–464. arXiv:cs/9901014. doi:10.1109/18.825807.
Standish, Russell K (2000). "Why Occam's Razor". Foundations of Physics Letters. 17 (3): 255–266. arXiv:physics/0001020. Bibcode:2004FoPhL..17..255S. doi:10.1023/B:FOPL.0000032475.18334.0e. S2CID 17143230.
Schmidhuber, J. (2006). "The New AI: General & Sound & Relevant for Physics". In Goertzel, B.; Pennachin, C. (eds.). Artificial General Intelligence. pp. 177–200. arXiv:cs.AI/0302012.
Mazin, Igor (April 2022). "Inverse Occam's razor". Nature Physics. 18 (4): 367–368. arXiv:2204.08284. Bibcode:2022NatPh..18..367M. doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01575-2. S2CID 247832936. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.

boingboing.net

Vallee, Jacques (11 February 2013). "What Ockham really said". Boing Boing. Archived from the original on 31 March 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.

books.google.com

Hawking, Stephen (2003). On the Shoulders of Giants. Running Press. p. 731. ISBN 978-0-7624-1698-1. Retrieved 24 February 2016.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
Stormy Dawn (17 July 2017). Everywhere The Soles of Your Feet Shall Tread. Archway. ISBN 9781480838024. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
Sober, Elliott (2004). "What is the Problem of Simplicity?". In Zellner, Arnold; Keuzenkamp, Hugo A.; McAleer, Michael (eds.). Simplicity, Inference and Modeling: Keeping it Sophisticatedly Simple. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 13–31. ISBN 978-0-521-80361-8. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 4 August 2012. Paper as PDF.
Mettenheim, Christoph von (1998). Popper Versus Einstein: On the Philosophical Foundations of Physics. Mohr Siebeck. p. 34. ISBN 978-3-16-146910-7. Archived from the original on 22 January 2023. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
Geis, Gilbert; Geis, Professor Emeritus of Criminology Law and & Society Gilbert; Bienen, Leigh B. (1998). Crimes of the Century: From Leopold and Loeb to O.J. Simpson. UPNE. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-55553-360-1. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 10 February 2023.
p. 282, Mémoires du docteur F. Antommarchi, ou les derniers momens de Napoléon Archived 14 May 2016 at the Wayback Machine, vol. 1, 1825, Paris: Barrois L'Ainé
Gordon Woo (20 June 2011). Calculating Catastrophe. World Scientific. pp. 303–. ISBN 978-1-84816-893-0. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2021.

britannica.com

Duignan, Brian. "Occam's Razor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
"Ockham's razor". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 August 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2010.

cam.ac.uk

inference.phy.cam.ac.uk

MacKay, David J. C. (2003). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms (PDF). Bibcode:2003itil.book.....M. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2012.

cambridge.org

Gross, Fridolin (December 2019). "Occam's Razor in Molecular and Systems Biology". Philosophy of Science. 86 (5): 1134–1145. doi:10.1086/705474.

columbialawreview.org

Tonry, Michael (2005). "Obsolescence and Immanence in Penal Theory and Policy" (PDF). Columbia Law Review. 105: 1233–1275. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 June 2006.

doi.org

Schaffer, Jonathan (2015). "What Not to Multiply Without Necessity" (PDF). Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (4): 644–664. doi:10.1080/00048402.2014.992447. S2CID 16923735. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
Charlesworth, M. J. (1956). "Aristotle's Razor". Philosophical Studies. 6: 105–112. doi:10.5840/philstudies1956606.
Soklakov, A. N. (2002). "Occam's Razor as a formal basis for a physical theory". Foundations of Physics Letters. 15 (2): 107–135. arXiv:math-ph/0009007. Bibcode:2000math.ph...9007S. doi:10.1023/A:1020994407185. S2CID 14940740.
Rathmanner, Samuel; Hutter, Marcus (2011). "A philosophical treatise of universal induction". Entropy. 13 (6): 1076–1136. arXiv:1105.5721. Bibcode:2011Entrp..13.1076R. doi:10.3390/e13061076. S2CID 2499910.
Becher, Erich (1905). "The Philosophical Views of Ernst Mach". The Philosophical Review. 14 (5): 535–562. doi:10.2307/2177489. JSTOR 2177489.
Green, K. C.; Armstrong, J. S. (2015). "Simple versus complex forecasting: The evidence". Journal of Business Research. 68 (8): 1678–1685. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.03.026. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2019.(subscription required)
Einstein, Albert (1905). "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?". Annalen der Physik (in German). 323 (18): 639–41. Bibcode:1905AnP...323..639E. doi:10.1002/andp.19053231314. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
Einstein, Albert (1934). "On the Method of Theoretical Physics". Philosophy of Science. 1 (2): 165 [163–169]. doi:10.1086/286316. JSTOR 184387. S2CID 44787169. Archived from the original on 22 January 2023. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
Rabinowitz, Matthew; Myers, Lance; Banjevic, Milena; Chan, Albert; Sweetkind-Singer, Joshua; Haberer, Jessica; McCann, Kelly; Wolkowicz, Roland (1 March 2006). "Accurate prediction of HIV-1 drug response from the reverse transcriptase and protease amino acid sequences using sparse models created by convex optimization". Bioinformatics. 22 (5): 541–549. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btk011. PMID 16368772.
Brower, AVZ (2017). "Statistical consistency and phylogenetic inference: a brief review". Cladistics. 34 (5): 562–567. doi:10.1111/cla.12216. PMID 34649374.
Schmitt, Carl; Schwab, George; Strong, Tracy B. (2005). Political Theology. University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226738901.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-226-73889-5.
Wallace, C. S.; Boulton, D. M. (1 August 1968). "An Information Measure for Classification". The Computer Journal. 11 (2): 185–194. doi:10.1093/comjnl/11.2.185.
Wallace, C. S. (1 April 1999). "Minimum Message Length and Kolmogorov Complexity" (PDF). The Computer Journal. 42 (4): 270–283. doi:10.1093/comjnl/42.4.270.
Vitanyi, P.M.B.; Ming Li (March 2000). "Minimum description length induction, Bayesianism, and Kolmogorov complexity". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. 46 (2): 446–464. arXiv:cs/9901014. doi:10.1109/18.825807.
Standish, Russell K (2000). "Why Occam's Razor". Foundations of Physics Letters. 17 (3): 255–266. arXiv:physics/0001020. Bibcode:2004FoPhL..17..255S. doi:10.1023/B:FOPL.0000032475.18334.0e. S2CID 17143230.
Solomonoff, Ray (1964). "A formal theory of inductive inference. Part I." Information and Control. 7 (1–22): 1964. doi:10.1016/s0019-9958(64)90223-2.
Dowe, David L. (2008). "Foreword re C. S. Wallace". Computer Journal. 51 (5): 523–560. doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxm117. S2CID 5387092.
Mingard, Chris; Rees, Henry; Valle-Pérez, Guillermo; Louis, Ard A. (14 January 2025). "Deep neural networks have an inbuilt Occam's razor". Nature Communications. 16 (1): 220. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54813-x. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 11733143.
Gross, Fridolin (December 2019). "Occam's Razor in Molecular and Systems Biology". Philosophy of Science. 86 (5): 1134–1145. doi:10.1086/705474.
Mazin, Igor (April 2022). "Inverse Occam's razor". Nature Physics. 18 (4): 367–368. arXiv:2204.08284. Bibcode:2022NatPh..18..367M. doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01575-2. S2CID 247832936. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.

dx.doi.org

Schmitt, Carl; Schwab, George; Strong, Tracy B. (2005). Political Theology. University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226738901.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-226-73889-5.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Soklakov, A. N. (2002). "Occam's Razor as a formal basis for a physical theory". Foundations of Physics Letters. 15 (2): 107–135. arXiv:math-ph/0009007. Bibcode:2000math.ph...9007S. doi:10.1023/A:1020994407185. S2CID 14940740.
Rathmanner, Samuel; Hutter, Marcus (2011). "A philosophical treatise of universal induction". Entropy. 13 (6): 1076–1136. arXiv:1105.5721. Bibcode:2011Entrp..13.1076R. doi:10.3390/e13061076. S2CID 2499910.
MacKay, David J. C. (2003). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms (PDF). Bibcode:2003itil.book.....M. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2012.
Einstein, Albert (1905). "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?". Annalen der Physik (in German). 323 (18): 639–41. Bibcode:1905AnP...323..639E. doi:10.1002/andp.19053231314. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
Courtney, A.; Courtney, M. (2008). "Comments Regarding 'On the Nature of Science'". Physics in Canada. 64 (3): 7–8. arXiv:0812.4932. Bibcode:2008arXiv0812.4932C.
Standish, Russell K (2000). "Why Occam's Razor". Foundations of Physics Letters. 17 (3): 255–266. arXiv:physics/0001020. Bibcode:2004FoPhL..17..255S. doi:10.1023/B:FOPL.0000032475.18334.0e. S2CID 17143230.
Mazin, Igor (April 2022). "Inverse Occam's razor". Nature Physics. 18 (4): 367–368. arXiv:2204.08284. Bibcode:2022NatPh..18..367M. doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01575-2. S2CID 247832936. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.

hkbu.edu.hk

Immanuel Kant (1929). Norman Kemp-Smith transl (ed.). The Critique of Pure Reason. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 92. Archived from the original on 16 May 2012. Retrieved 27 October 2012. Entium varietates non-temere esse minuendas

hutter1.net

"Algorithmic Information Theory". Archived from the original on 24 December 2007.

hyle.org

Hoffman, Roald; Minkin, Vladimir I.; Carpenter, Barry K. (1997). "Ockham's Razor and Chemistry". Hyle: International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry. 3: 3–28. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2004.

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

Vitanyi, P.M.B.; Ming Li (March 2000). "Minimum description length induction, Bayesianism, and Kolmogorov complexity". IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. 46 (2): 446–464. arXiv:cs/9901014. doi:10.1109/18.825807.

irishphilosophy.com

Barry, C. M. (27 May 2014). "Who sharpened Occam's Razor?". Irish Philosophy. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.

jonathanschaffer.org

Schaffer, Jonathan (2015). "What Not to Multiply Without Necessity" (PDF). Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (4): 644–664. doi:10.1080/00048402.2014.992447. S2CID 16923735. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2019.

jstor.org

Becher, Erich (1905). "The Philosophical Views of Ernst Mach". The Philosophical Review. 14 (5): 535–562. doi:10.2307/2177489. JSTOR 2177489.
Jefferys, William H.; Berger, James O. (1991). "Ockham's Razor and Bayesian Statistics" (PDF). American Scientist. 80 (1): 64–72. JSTOR 29774559. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2005. (preprint available as "Sharpening Occam's Razor on a Bayesian Strop").
Einstein, Albert (1934). "On the Method of Theoretical Physics". Philosophy of Science. 1 (2): 165 [163–169]. doi:10.1086/286316. JSTOR 184387. S2CID 44787169. Archived from the original on 22 January 2023. Retrieved 22 January 2023.

kloptdatwel.nl

Korteweg, Leon (2 December 2016). "QED 2016 – verslag van een lang weekend tussen skeptici". Skepter (in Dutch). 29 (4). Stichting Skepsis: 45–46. Archived from the original on 18 October 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.

monash.edu

csse.monash.edu

Wallace, C. S. (1 April 1999). "Minimum Message Length and Kolmogorov Complexity" (PDF). The Computer Journal. 42 (4): 270–283. doi:10.1093/comjnl/42.4.270.

monash.edu.au

csse.monash.edu.au

Scott Needham and David L. Dowe (2001):" Message Length as an Effective Ockham's Razor in Decision Tree Induction." Proc. 8th International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AI+STATS 2001), Key West, Florida, U.S.A., January 2001 Page(s): 253–260 "2001 Ockham.pdf" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.

nannen.com

volker.nannen.com

Nannen, Volker. "A short introduction to Model Selection, Kolmogorov Complexity and Minimum Description Length" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2010. Retrieved 3 July 2010.

nature.com

Mingard, Chris; Rees, Henry; Valle-Pérez, Guillermo; Louis, Ard A. (14 January 2025). "Deep neural networks have an inbuilt Occam's razor". Nature Communications. 16 (1): 220. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54813-x. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 11733143.
Mazin, Igor (April 2022). "Inverse Occam's razor". Nature Physics. 18 (4): 367–368. arXiv:2204.08284. Bibcode:2022NatPh..18..367M. doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01575-2. S2CID 247832936. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.

newadvent.org

"SUMMA THEOLOGICA: The existence of God (Prima Pars, Q. 2)". Newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 28 April 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
"SUMMA THEOLOGICA: The existence of God (Prima Pars, Q. 2)". Newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 28 April 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Rabinowitz, Matthew; Myers, Lance; Banjevic, Milena; Chan, Albert; Sweetkind-Singer, Joshua; Haberer, Jessica; McCann, Kelly; Wolkowicz, Roland (1 March 2006). "Accurate prediction of HIV-1 drug response from the reverse transcriptase and protease amino acid sequences using sparse models created by convex optimization". Bioinformatics. 22 (5): 541–549. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btk011. PMID 16368772.
Brower, AVZ (2017). "Statistical consistency and phylogenetic inference: a brief review". Cladistics. 34 (5): 562–567. doi:10.1111/cla.12216. PMID 34649374.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Mingard, Chris; Rees, Henry; Valle-Pérez, Guillermo; Louis, Ard A. (14 January 2025). "Deep neural networks have an inbuilt Occam's razor". Nature Communications. 16 (1): 220. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54813-x. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 11733143.

oup.com

academic.oup.com

Wallace, C. S.; Boulton, D. M. (1 August 1968). "An Information Measure for Classification". The Computer Journal. 11 (2): 185–194. doi:10.1093/comjnl/11.2.185.

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researchgate.net

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semanticscholar.org

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Schaffer, Jonathan (2015). "What Not to Multiply Without Necessity" (PDF). Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (4): 644–664. doi:10.1080/00048402.2014.992447. S2CID 16923735. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
Soklakov, A. N. (2002). "Occam's Razor as a formal basis for a physical theory". Foundations of Physics Letters. 15 (2): 107–135. arXiv:math-ph/0009007. Bibcode:2000math.ph...9007S. doi:10.1023/A:1020994407185. S2CID 14940740.
Rathmanner, Samuel; Hutter, Marcus (2011). "A philosophical treatise of universal induction". Entropy. 13 (6): 1076–1136. arXiv:1105.5721. Bibcode:2011Entrp..13.1076R. doi:10.3390/e13061076. S2CID 2499910.
Einstein, Albert (1934). "On the Method of Theoretical Physics". Philosophy of Science. 1 (2): 165 [163–169]. doi:10.1086/286316. JSTOR 184387. S2CID 44787169. Archived from the original on 22 January 2023. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
Standish, Russell K (2000). "Why Occam's Razor". Foundations of Physics Letters. 17 (3): 255–266. arXiv:physics/0001020. Bibcode:2004FoPhL..17..255S. doi:10.1023/B:FOPL.0000032475.18334.0e. S2CID 17143230.
Dowe, David L. (2008). "Foreword re C. S. Wallace". Computer Journal. 51 (5): 523–560. doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxm117. S2CID 5387092.
Mazin, Igor (April 2022). "Inverse Occam's razor". Nature Physics. 18 (4): 367–368. arXiv:2204.08284. Bibcode:2022NatPh..18..367M. doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01575-2. S2CID 247832936. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.

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Green, K. C.; Armstrong, J. S. (2015). "Simple versus complex forecasting: The evidence". Journal of Business Research. 68 (8): 1678–1685. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.03.026. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2019.(subscription required)

utexas.edu

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Jefferys, William H.; Berger, James O. (1991). "Ockham's Razor and Bayesian Statistics" (PDF). American Scientist. 80 (1): 64–72. JSTOR 29774559. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2005. (preprint available as "Sharpening Occam's Razor on a Bayesian Strop").

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Barry, C. M. (27 May 2014). "Who sharpened Occam's Razor?". Irish Philosophy. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
Schaffer, Jonathan (2015). "What Not to Multiply Without Necessity" (PDF). Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (4): 644–664. doi:10.1080/00048402.2014.992447. S2CID 16923735. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
Duignan, Brian. "Occam's Razor". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
Ball, Philip (11 August 2016). "The Tyranny of Simple Explanations". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 2 February 2023.
Hoffman, Roald; Minkin, Vladimir I.; Carpenter, Barry K. (1997). "Ockham's Razor and Chemistry". Hyle: International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry. 3: 3–28. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2004.
"SUMMA THEOLOGICA: The existence of God (Prima Pars, Q. 2)". Newadvent.org. Archived from the original on 28 April 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
Vallee, Jacques (11 February 2013). "What Ockham really said". Boing Boing. Archived from the original on 31 March 2013. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
"Ockham's razor". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2010. Archived from the original on 23 August 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
Logical Constructions. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
Baker, Alan (25 February 2010). "Simplicity". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2011 Edition). Archived from the original on 24 February 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
"What is Occam's Razor?". math.ucr.edu. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017.
Stormy Dawn (17 July 2017). Everywhere The Soles of Your Feet Shall Tread. Archway. ISBN 9781480838024. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
"ad hoc hypothesis - The Skeptic's Dictionary - Skepdic.com". skepdic.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009.
Green, K. C.; Armstrong, J. S. (2015). "Simple versus complex forecasting: The evidence". Journal of Business Research. 68 (8): 1678–1685. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.03.026. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2019.(subscription required)
MacKay, David J. C. (2003). Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms (PDF). Bibcode:2003itil.book.....M. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 September 2012.
Jefferys, William H.; Berger, James O. (1991). "Ockham's Razor and Bayesian Statistics" (PDF). American Scientist. 80 (1): 64–72. JSTOR 29774559. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2005. (preprint available as "Sharpening Occam's Razor on a Bayesian Strop").
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Einstein, Albert (1905). "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?". Annalen der Physik (in German). 323 (18): 639–41. Bibcode:1905AnP...323..639E. doi:10.1002/andp.19053231314. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2019.