Old Norse (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Old Norse" in English language version.

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archive.org

König, Ekkehard; van der Auwera, Johan, eds. (2002). The Germanic Languages. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 978-0415280792.
König, Ekkehard; van der Auwera, Johan, eds. (2002). The Germanic Languages. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 978-0415280792.
Adams 1899, "Scandinavian Languages", pp. 336–338 Adams, Charles Kendall, ed. (1899) [1876], Johnson's Universal Cyclopedia: A New Edition, vol. 7 (Raleigh-Tananarivo), D. Appleton, A. J. Johnson
Henderson, George (1910), The Norse influence on Celtic Scotland, Glasgow : J. Maclehose and Sons, pp. 108–204
Sweet 1895, p. 5 Sweet, Henry (1895), An Icelandic Primer, with Grammar, Notes, and Glossary (2nd ed.), Univerzita Karlova
- Vigfússon & Powell 1879, Ch. 1 Vigfússon, Gudbrand; Powell, F. York (1879), An Icelandic Prose Reader: with Notes, Grammar, and Glossary, Oxford Clarendon Press
- Noreen, A. G., Abriss Der Altnordischen (Altisländischen) Grammatik (in German), p. 12
- König, Ekkehard; van der Auwera, Johan, eds. (2002). The Germanic Languages. Routledge. p. 38. ISBN 978-0415280792. "Old Norse is by far the best attested variety of Old Scandinavian."
- Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p.1, "A" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 761–762 (Introduction to Letter Ö (Ø)) Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. xxix–xxx "Formation of Words" : Vowel Changes Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. xvi "Strong Nouns" – Masculine – Remarks on the 1st Strong Masculine Declension, 3.a Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 389 col.1, "LIM"; p. 437, col.1 "MUND" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 481 "R" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 757 "Æ" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 113–114 "E" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)

arnastofnun.is

Noreen, Adolf. Altnordische Grammatik I: Altisländische und altnorwegische Grammatik. pp. 200–202, 207 (§ 277, § 283). Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
Noreen, Adolf. Altnordische Grammatik I: Altisländische und altnorwegische Grammatik. p. 211 (§ 288, note 1). Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2018.

aveneca.com

"The Old Norse dialect areas", aveneca.com, 2009, archived from the original on 7 July 2011

books.google.com

Josephson, Folke; Söhrman, Ingmar (29 August 2008). Interdependence of Diachronic and Synchronic Analyses. John Benjamins. ISBN 9789027290359. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
Sanders, Ruth H. (2021). The Languages of Scandinavia: Seven Sisters of the North. University of Chicago Press. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0-226-75975-3.

britannica.com

"Old Norse language". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.

byu.edu

linguistics.byu.edu

"Introduction – History of Norwegian up to 1349". Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.

cuni.cz

lexicon.ff.cuni.cz

Sweet 1895, p. 5 Sweet, Henry (1895), An Icelandic Primer, with Grammar, Notes, and Glossary (2nd ed.), Univerzita Karlova
- Zoëga 1910, H: hungr. Zoëga, G. T. (1910), A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic

doi.org

Stewart, Thomas W. (Jr.) (2004), "Lexical imposition: Old Norse vocabulary in Scottish Gaelic", Diachronica, 21 (2): 393–420, doi:10.1075/dia.21.2.06ste
Haugen 1950, pp. 4–64. Haugen, Einar (1950), "First Grammatical Treatise. The Earliest Germanic Phonology", Language, 26 (4): 4–64, doi:10.2307/522272, JSTOR 522272
Benediktsson, H. (1963), "Some Aspects of Nordic Umlaut and Breaking", Language, 39 (3): 409–431, doi:10.2307/411124, JSTOR 411124
Sturtevant, Albert Morey (1953), "Further Old Norse Secondary Formations", Language, 29 (4): 457–462, doi:10.2307/409955, JSTOR 409955
Faarlund, Jan Terje (1995). "Old and Middle Scandinavian". In Konig, Ekkehard; Auwera, Johan van der (eds.). The Germanic Languages (1st ed.). London: Routledge. pp. 38–71. doi:10.4324/9781315812786. ISBN 978-1-315-81278-6.

germanic-lexicon-project.org

Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p.1, "A" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 761–762 (Introduction to Letter Ö (Ø)) Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. xxix–xxx "Formation of Words" : Vowel Changes Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. xvi "Strong Nouns" – Masculine – Remarks on the 1st Strong Masculine Declension, 3.a Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 389 col.1, "LIM"; p. 437, col.1 "MUND" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 481 "R" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 757 "Æ" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 113–114 "E" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Moberg et al. 2007. Moberg, J.; Gooskens, C.; Nerbonne, J.; Vaillette, N. (2007), "4. Conditional Entropy Measures Intelligibility among Related Languages", Proceedings of the 17th Meeting of Computational Linguistics in the Netherlands, vol. 7 (LOT Occasional series), pp. 51–66, hdl:1874/296747
Borkent, Aukje (2014), Norse loanwords in Old and Middle Irish (thesis), Utrecht University, hdl:1874/296646

hi.is

www3.hi.is

Old Norse for Beginners, Lesson 5. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
Old Norse for Beginners, Neuter nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
Old Norse for Beginners, Feminine nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018

notendur.hi.is

Old Norse for Beginners, Lesson 5. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
Old Norse for Beginners, Neuter nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
Old Norse for Beginners, Feminine nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018

irisharchaeology.ie

"Some Irish words with Norse Origins", irisharchaeology.ie, 21 November 2013, archived from the original on 5 September 2018, retrieved 5 September 2018

jstor.org

Haugen 1950, pp. 4–64. Haugen, Einar (1950), "First Grammatical Treatise. The Earliest Germanic Phonology", Language, 26 (4): 4–64, doi:10.2307/522272, JSTOR 522272
Benediktsson, H. (1963), "Some Aspects of Nordic Umlaut and Breaking", Language, 39 (3): 409–431, doi:10.2307/411124, JSTOR 411124
Sturtevant, Albert Morey (1953), "Further Old Norse Secondary Formations", Language, 29 (4): 457–462, doi:10.2307/409955, JSTOR 409955

ku.dk

inss.ku.dk

Kroonen, Guus, "On the origins of the Elfdalian nasal vowels from the perspective of diachronic dialectology and Germanic etymology" (PDF), inss.ku.dk (Presentation), archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2016, retrieved 27 January 2016, (Slide 26) §7.2 quote: "In many aspects, Elfdalian, takes up a middle position between East and West Nordic. However, it shares some innovations with West Nordic, but none with East Nordic. This invalidates the claim that Elfdalian split off from Old Swedish."

lu.se

lup.lub.lu.se

Farren, Robert (2014), Old Norse loanwords in modern Irish (thesis), Lund University, archived from the original on 16 August 2017, retrieved 5 September 2018

medievalists.net

Medievalists.net (13 April 2014). "Old Norse Influence in Modern English: The Effect of the Viking Invasion". Medievalists.net. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.

menota.org

The Menota handbook, Ch. 8 §3.2.1 "Gender". Haugen, Odd Einar, ed. (2008) [2004], The Menota handbook: Guidelines for the electronic encoding of Medieval Nordic primary sources (Version 2.0 ed.), Bergen: Medieval Nordic Text Archive, ISBN 978-82-8088-400-8, archived from the original on 24 May 2020, retrieved 4 September 2018 , "The Menota handbook 2.0"

runeberg.org

Hellquist, Elof, ed. (1922), "stark", Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary] (in Swedish), p. 862, archived from the original on 8 March 2012, retrieved 1 March 2012

uib.no

clarino.uib.no

van Weenen, Andrea de Leeuw (ed.), "(Manuscript AM 519 a 4to) "Alexanders saga"", Medieval Nordic Text Archive www.menota.org, fol. 1v, lines 10–14, archived from the original on 5 September 2018, retrieved 4 September 2018

usyd.edu.au

sro.library.usyd.edu.au

Wills, Tarrin (2006), The Anonymous Verse in the Third Grammatical Treatise, The Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Durham University, archived from the original on 4 September 2018, retrieved 4 September 2018

web.archive.org

Josephson, Folke; Söhrman, Ingmar (29 August 2008). Interdependence of Diachronic and Synchronic Analyses. John Benjamins. ISBN 9789027290359. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
"Old Norse language". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
Farren, Robert (2014), Old Norse loanwords in modern Irish (thesis), Lund University, archived from the original on 16 August 2017, retrieved 5 September 2018
"Some Irish words with Norse Origins", irisharchaeology.ie, 21 November 2013, archived from the original on 5 September 2018, retrieved 5 September 2018
Medievalists.net (13 April 2014). "Old Norse Influence in Modern English: The Effect of the Viking Invasion". Medievalists.net. Archived from the original on 29 November 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
Sweet 1895, p. 5 Sweet, Henry (1895), An Icelandic Primer, with Grammar, Notes, and Glossary (2nd ed.), Univerzita Karlova
- Old Norse for Beginners, Lesson 5. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
- Noreen, Adolf. Altnordische Grammatik I: Altisländische und altnorwegische Grammatik. pp. 200–202, 207 (§ 277, § 283). Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
- Old Norse for Beginners, Neuter nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
- Old Norse for Beginners, Feminine nouns. Þorgeirsson, Haukur; Guðlaugsson, Óskar, Old Norse for Beginners, archived from the original on 23 January 2017, retrieved 4 September 2018
- The Menota handbook, Ch. 8 §3.2.1 "Gender". Haugen, Odd Einar, ed. (2008) [2004], The Menota handbook: Guidelines for the electronic encoding of Medieval Nordic primary sources (Version 2.0 ed.), Bergen: Medieval Nordic Text Archive, ISBN 978-82-8088-400-8, archived from the original on 24 May 2020, retrieved 4 September 2018 , "The Menota handbook 2.0"
- Zoëga 1910, H: hungr. Zoëga, G. T. (1910), A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic
  - "The Old Norse dialect areas", aveneca.com, 2009, archived from the original on 7 July 2011
  - Hellquist, Elof, ed. (1922), "stark", Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary] (in Swedish), p. 862, archived from the original on 8 March 2012, retrieved 1 March 2012
  - "Introduction – History of Norwegian up to 1349". Archived from the original on 31 January 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  - van Weenen, Andrea de Leeuw (ed.), "(Manuscript AM 519 a 4to) "Alexanders saga"", Medieval Nordic Text Archive www.menota.org, fol. 1v, lines 10–14, archived from the original on 5 September 2018, retrieved 4 September 2018
  - Wills, Tarrin (2006), The Anonymous Verse in the Third Grammatical Treatise, The Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Durham University, archived from the original on 4 September 2018, retrieved 4 September 2018
  - Kroonen, Guus, "On the origins of the Elfdalian nasal vowels from the perspective of diachronic dialectology and Germanic etymology" (PDF), inss.ku.dk (Presentation), archived (PDF) from the original on 6 February 2016, retrieved 27 January 2016, (Slide 26) §7.2 quote: "In many aspects, Elfdalian, takes up a middle position between East and West Nordic. However, it shares some innovations with West Nordic, but none with East Nordic. This invalidates the claim that Elfdalian split off from Old Swedish."
  - Noreen, Adolf. Altnordische Grammatik I: Altisländische und altnorwegische Grammatik. p. 211 (§ 288, note 1). Archived from the original on 2 June 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p.1, "A" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 761–762 (Introduction to Letter Ö (Ø)) Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
      - Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. xxix–xxx "Formation of Words" : Vowel Changes Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. xvi "Strong Nouns" – Masculine – Remarks on the 1st Strong Masculine Declension, 3.a Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 389 col.1, "LIM"; p. 437, col.1 "MUND" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 481 "R" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, p. 757 "Æ" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)
        Cleasby & Vigfússon 1874, pp. 113–114 "E" Cleasby, Richard; Vigfússon, Guðbrandur (1874), An Icelandic-English Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
        e-text Archived 20 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine via the Germanic Lexicon Project (germanic-lexicon-project.org)