"Howard Hall Howard". www.bowdoin.edu. Bowdoin College. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
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John Cox and LaWanda Cox (November 1953). "General O. O. Howard and the 'Misrepresented Bureau'". Journal of Southern History. 19 (4): 427–456. doi:10.2307/2955086. JSTOR2955086.
James Oakes (March 1979). "A Failure of Vision: The Collapse of the Freedmen's Bureau Courts". Civil War History. 25 (1): 66–76. doi:10.1353/cwh.1979.0001. S2CID145241431.
"Brief History". Howard University. Retrieved January 19, 2008.
jstor.org
John Cox and LaWanda Cox (November 1953). "General O. O. Howard and the 'Misrepresented Bureau'". Journal of Southern History. 19 (4): 427–456. doi:10.2307/2955086. JSTOR2955086.
James Oakes (March 1979). "A Failure of Vision: The Collapse of the Freedmen's Bureau Courts". Civil War History. 25 (1): 66–76. doi:10.1353/cwh.1979.0001. S2CID145241431.