Operation Mongoose (English Wikipedia)
Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Operation Mongoose" in English language version.
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archive.org
- Derek Leebaert (2006). The Fifty-year Wound: How America's Cold War Victory Shapes Our World. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. p. 302. ISBN 0-316-51847-6.
- Fred Inglis (2002). The People's Witness: The Journalist in Modern Politics. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. p. 223. ISBN 0-300-09327-6.
- David Hambling (2005). Weapons Grade: How Modern Warfare Gave Birth to Our High-Tech World. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers. p. 391. ISBN 0-7867-1769-6.
- Charles R. Morris (1984). A Time of Passion: America, 1960–1980. New York: Harper & Row. p. 210. ISBN 0-06-039023-9.
archives.gov
- "Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro" (PDF). CIA. May 23, 1967. p. 22.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
bbc.co.uk
news.bbc.co.uk
- BBC News (2008-02-19). "Castro: Profile of the great survivor". Retrieved 2008-06-03.
books.google.com
- Spymaster: My Life in the CIA, Theodore G. Shackley, 2005, Brassey's, ISBN 1-57488-915-X
cia.gov
- https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP83-01042R000200090002-0.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- Kirkpatrick, Lyman (November 6, 2003). "Taylor Report" (PDF). CIA Reading Room. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
doi.org
- Domínguez, Jorge I. (April 2000). "The @#$%& Missile Crisis" (PDF). Diplomatic History. 24 (2). Boston/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers/Oxford University Press: 305–316. doi:10.1111/0145-2096.00214. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 7, 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2019 – via Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.
On the afternoon of 16 October... Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy convened in his office a meeting on Operation Mongoose, the code name for a U.S. policy of sabotage and related covert operation aimed at Cuba... The Kennedy administration returned to its policy of sponsoring terrorism against Cuba as the confrontation with the Soviet Union lessened... Only once in these nearly thousand pages of documentation did a U.S. official raise something that resembled a faint moral objection to U.S.-government sponsored terrorism.
- Rabe, Stephen (December 2000). "After the Missiles of October: John F. Kennedy and Cuba". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 30 (4). Wiley-Blackwell: 714–726. doi:10.1111/j.0360-4918.2000.00140.x.
- Bolender, Keith (2012). Cuba Under Siege: American Policy, the Revolution, and its People. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. x, 14, 18–20, 53–57, 63–64, et passim. doi:10.1057/9781137275554. ISBN 978-1-137-27554-7.
While there are multiple layers of complexity to the encirclement of Cuba, the most violent facet rests with the hundreds of acts of terrorism inflicted against civilian targets...The most infamous offshoot of the Project was Operation Mongoose...Headed by Air Force general Edward Lansdale, the operation coordinated hundreds of acts of terrorism, sabotage against Cuban industrial targets, increased propaganda efforts, and the tightening of the economic blockade...by the late 1960s it had shifted to terrorist organizations in South Florida made up of the extreme right-wing opposition that had left the island. In between were the murders, bombings, and sabotage of the terrorist program Operation Mongoose...American officials understood the acts of terror during the early years were specifically designed to disrupt, destabilize, and force the Cuban government to divert precious resources, as well as induce intrusive civil measures.
- Husain, Aiyaz (February 2005). "Covert Action and US Cold War Strategy in Cuba, 1961–62". Cold War History. 5: 23–53. doi:10.1080/1468274042000283135. S2CID 153863718.
gwu.edu
nsarchive.gwu.edu
- Prados, John; Jimenez-Bacardi, Arturo, eds. (October 3, 2019). Kennedy and Cuba: Operation Mongoose. National Security Archive (Report). Washington, D.C.: The George Washington University. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
The Kennedy administration had been quick to set up a Cuba Task Force—with strong representation from CIA's Directorate of Plans—and on August 31 that unit decided to adopt a public posture of ignoring Castro while attacking civilian targets inside Cuba: 'our covert activities would now be directed toward the destruction of targets important to the [Cuban] economy' (Document 4)...While acting through Cuban revolutionary groups with potential for real resistance to Castro, the task force 'will do all we can to identify and suggest targets whose destruction will have the maximum economic impact.' The memorandum showed no concern for international law or the unspoken nature of these operations as terrorist attacks.
- "Evolution of CIA's Anti-Castro Policies, 1951 – January 1961" (PDF). The National Security Archive. December 1979.
- "Evolution of CIA's Anti-Castro Policies, 1951 – January 1961" (PDF). The National Security Archive. December 1979. pp. 27–29.
- "Official History of the Bay of Pigs Operation: Volume III Evolution of CIA's Anti-Castro Policies, 1959-January 1961" (PDF). National Security Archive. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
- "Official History of the Bay of Pigs Operation" (PDF).
- http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB355/bop-vol3.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- Volume 3 Cuba Plan
- Volume 1 Cuba Plans.
- http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB355/bop-vol1-part2.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- "Memorandum for Chief of Operations, Cuba Project" (PDF).
- US Department of Defense (13 March 1962). "The Cuba Project" (PDF). National Security Archives. George Washington University.
- "Memorandum for Record: Minutes of the Special Group on Operation MONGOOSE" (PDF). National Security Archive. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
- "National Security Archive – 30+ Years of Freedom of Information Action" (PDF). nsarchive.gwu.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
- http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB355/bop-vol2-part2.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- Lansdale, Brig. General (26 February 2017). "Memorandum for the special group" (PDF). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- Evans, Michael. "The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: Anatomy of a Controversy". Retrieved 1 May 2017.
- "Kennedy Sought Dialogue with Cuba". National Security Archive. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- "Cuba Policy April 11, 1963". National Security Archives. Retrieved 1 March 2017.[permanent dead link]
- "Cuba Policy April 11, 1963". National Security Archives. Retrieved 3 March 2017.[permanent dead link]
- "CIA Releases Controversial Bay of Pigs History | National Security Archive". nsarchive.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
- "Volume V | National Security Archive". nsarchive.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
nsarchive2.gwu.edu
- Lyman B. Kirkpatrick (October 1961). Inspector General's Survey of the Cuban Operation (PDF) (Report). p. 3. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
- "Top Secret CIA 'Official History' of the Bay of Pigs: Revelations". nsarchive2.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2019-03-01.
- https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB355/bop-vol1-part1.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- "The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: Anatomy of a Controversy". nsarchive2.gwu.edu.
- "Volume IV: The Taylor Committee Investigation of the Bay of Pigs" (PDF). nsarchive2.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-01.
- "Top Secret CIA 'Official History' of the Bay of Pigs: Revelations". nsarchive2.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-01.
- "Top Secret CIA 'Official History' of the Bay of Pigs: Revelations". nsarchive2.gwu.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-25.
- Kirkpatrick, Lyman (1997). "Inspector General's Survey of the Cuban Operations and Associated Documents" (PDF). George Washington University National Security Archive. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
gwu.edu
harvard.edu
wcfia.harvard.edu
- Domínguez, Jorge I. (April 2000). "The @#$%& Missile Crisis" (PDF). Diplomatic History. 24 (2). Boston/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers/Oxford University Press: 305–316. doi:10.1111/0145-2096.00214. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 7, 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2019 – via Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.
On the afternoon of 16 October... Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy convened in his office a meeting on Operation Mongoose, the code name for a U.S. policy of sabotage and related covert operation aimed at Cuba... The Kennedy administration returned to its policy of sponsoring terrorism against Cuba as the confrontation with the Soviet Union lessened... Only once in these nearly thousand pages of documentation did a U.S. official raise something that resembled a faint moral objection to U.S.-government sponsored terrorism.
history-matters.com
- "History Matters Archive – 00/00/67 Report on Plots to Assassination Fidel Castro, pg". www.history-matters.com. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
macmillan.com
us.macmillan.com
- Bacevich, Andrew (2010). Washington rules : America's path to permanent war (First ed.). New York: Henry Holt and Company. pp. 77–80. ISBN 9781429943260. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
In its determination to destroy the Cuban Revolution, the Kennedy administration heedlessly embarked upon what was, in effect, a program of state-sponsored terrorism... the actions of the United States toward Cuba during the early 1960s bear comparison with Iranian and Syrian support for proxies engaging in terrorist activities against Israel
maryferrell.org
- "Church Committee: Interim Report – Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders".
- "Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General's Report)".
- "Church Committee: Interim Report - Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders". Mary Ferrell Foundation.
- "Castro Assassination Plots". www.maryferrell.org. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
- "Church Committee: Interim Report - Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders". Mary Ferrell Foundation.
- Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General's Report) p. 14 web
- Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General's Report) p. 15 web
- Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General's Report) p. 104 web
- Report on Plots to Assassinate Fidel Castro (1967 Inspector General's Report) p. 103 web
- "Castro Assassination Plots". www.maryferrell.org.
nps.gov
cr.nps.gov
- Cold War in South Florida: Historic Resource Study Archived 2016-12-21 at the Wayback Machine, Steven Hach (ed. Jennifer Dickey), National Park Service Southeast Regional Office, U.S. Department of the Interior, October 2004
nytimes.com
- Weiner, Tim (23 November 1997). "Stupid Dirty Tricks; The Trouble With Assassinations". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
openlibrary.org
- Noam Chomsky (May 2016), Who Rules the World?, Picador, OL 20029949W, Wikidata Q86247233, pp. 108-109. In this passage, Chomsky cites Garthoff but erroneously cites the wrong work by Garthoff. Chomsky also cites Sheldon M. Stern, Averting 'The Final Failure': John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings, Stanford University Press, Wikidata Q86292535, p. 406.
palgrave.com
- Miller, Nicola (2002). "The Real Gap in the Cuban Missile Crisis: The Post-Cold-War Historiography and Continued Omission of Cuba". In Carter, Dale; Clifton, Robin (eds.). War and Cold War in American Foreign Policy, 1942–62. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 211–237. ISBN 978-1-4039-1385-2.
routledge.com
- Erlich, Reese (2008). Dateline Havana : the real story of U.S. policy and the future of Cuba. Abingdon/New York: Routledge. pp. 26–29. ISBN 9781317261605. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
Officially, the United States favored only peaceful means to pressure Cuba. In reality, U.S. leaders also used violent, terrorist tactics... Operation Mongoose began in November 1961... U.S. operatives attacked civilian targets, including sugar refineries, saw mills, and molasses storage tanks. Some 400 CIA officers worked on the project in Washington and Miami... Operation Mongoose and various other terrorist operations caused property damage and injured and killed Cubans. But they failed to achieve their goal of regime change.
semanticscholar.org
api.semanticscholar.org
- Husain, Aiyaz (February 2005). "Covert Action and US Cold War Strategy in Cuba, 1961–62". Cold War History. 5: 23–53. doi:10.1080/1468274042000283135. S2CID 153863718.
springer.com
link.springer.com
- Bolender, Keith (2012). Cuba Under Siege: American Policy, the Revolution, and its People. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. x, 14, 18–20, 53–57, 63–64, et passim. doi:10.1057/9781137275554. ISBN 978-1-137-27554-7.
While there are multiple layers of complexity to the encirclement of Cuba, the most violent facet rests with the hundreds of acts of terrorism inflicted against civilian targets...The most infamous offshoot of the Project was Operation Mongoose...Headed by Air Force general Edward Lansdale, the operation coordinated hundreds of acts of terrorism, sabotage against Cuban industrial targets, increased propaganda efforts, and the tightening of the economic blockade...by the late 1960s it had shifted to terrorist organizations in South Florida made up of the extreme right-wing opposition that had left the island. In between were the murders, bombings, and sabotage of the terrorist program Operation Mongoose...American officials understood the acts of terror during the early years were specifically designed to disrupt, destabilize, and force the Cuban government to divert precious resources, as well as induce intrusive civil measures.
state.gov
history.state.gov
- Lansdale, Edward (January 18, 1962). Smith, Louis J. (ed.). Program Review by the Chief of Operations, Operation Mongoose. Foreign Relations of the United States (Report). 1961–1963. Vol. X, Cuba. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
- "Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961–1963, Volume X, Cuba, January 1961–September 1962". DoS Office of the Historian. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
theguardian.com
- Campbell, Duncan (April 3, 2006). "638 ways to kill Castro". The Guardian Unlimited. London. Retrieved 2006-05-28.
- Campbell, Duncan (April 3, 2006). "638 ways to kill Castro". The Guardian Unlimited. London. Retrieved 2006-05-28.
uncpress.org
- Schoultz, Lars (2009). "State Sponsored Terrorism". That infernal little Cuban republic : the United States and the Cuban Revolution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 170–211. ISBN 9780807888605. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
What more could be done? How about a program of sabotage focused on blowing up 'such targets as refineries, power plants, micro wave stations, radio and TV installations, strategic highway bridges and railroad facilities, military and naval installations and equipment, certain industrial plants and sugar refineries. The CIA proposed just that approach a month after the Bay of Pigs, and the State Department endorsed the proposal... In early November, six months after the Bay of Pigs, JFK authorized the CIA's 'Program of Covert Action', now dubbed Operation Mongoose, and named Lansdale its chief of operations. A few days later, President Kennedy told a Seattle audience, 'We cannot, as a free nation, compete with our adversaries in tactics of terror, assassination, false promises, counterfeit mobs and crises.' Perhaps – but the Mongoose decision indicated that he was willing to try.
washingtonpost.com
- Snow, Anita (June 27, 2007). "CIA Plot to Kill Castro Detailed". The Washington Post. Washington, DC. AP.
web.archive.org
- Prados, John; Jimenez-Bacardi, Arturo, eds. (October 3, 2019). Kennedy and Cuba: Operation Mongoose. National Security Archive (Report). Washington, D.C.: The George Washington University. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
The Kennedy administration had been quick to set up a Cuba Task Force—with strong representation from CIA's Directorate of Plans—and on August 31 that unit decided to adopt a public posture of ignoring Castro while attacking civilian targets inside Cuba: 'our covert activities would now be directed toward the destruction of targets important to the [Cuban] economy' (Document 4)...While acting through Cuban revolutionary groups with potential for real resistance to Castro, the task force 'will do all we can to identify and suggest targets whose destruction will have the maximum economic impact.' The memorandum showed no concern for international law or the unspoken nature of these operations as terrorist attacks.
- Domínguez, Jorge I. (April 2000). "The @#$%& Missile Crisis" (PDF). Diplomatic History. 24 (2). Boston/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers/Oxford University Press: 305–316. doi:10.1111/0145-2096.00214. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 7, 2020. Retrieved 6 September 2019 – via Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University.
On the afternoon of 16 October... Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy convened in his office a meeting on Operation Mongoose, the code name for a U.S. policy of sabotage and related covert operation aimed at Cuba... The Kennedy administration returned to its policy of sponsoring terrorism against Cuba as the confrontation with the Soviet Union lessened... Only once in these nearly thousand pages of documentation did a U.S. official raise something that resembled a faint moral objection to U.S.-government sponsored terrorism.
- Cold War in South Florida: Historic Resource Study Archived 2016-12-21 at the Wayback Machine, Steven Hach (ed. Jennifer Dickey), National Park Service Southeast Regional Office, U.S. Department of the Interior, October 2004
- "National Security Archive – 30+ Years of Freedom of Information Action" (PDF). nsarchive.gwu.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
wikidata.org
- Raymond L. Garthoff (1987), Reflections on the Cuban Missile Crisis, Brookings Institution, Wikidata Q86291856, pp. 78-79.
- Noam Chomsky (May 2016), Who Rules the World?, Picador, OL 20029949W, Wikidata Q86247233, pp. 108-109. In this passage, Chomsky cites Garthoff but erroneously cites the wrong work by Garthoff. Chomsky also cites Sheldon M. Stern, Averting 'The Final Failure': John F. Kennedy and the Secret Cuban Missile Crisis Meetings, Stanford University Press, Wikidata Q86292535, p. 406.