Origin theories of Christopher Columbus (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Origin theories of Christopher Columbus" in English language version.

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44books.google.com

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5worldcat.org

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apnews.com

Mellgren, Doug (5 March 1991). "Historian: Christopher Columbus May be Norwegian". AP News. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

archive.org

M.L. daSilva & S.J. daSilva (19 September 2023). N.D. Martins (ed.). Christopher Columbus was Portuguese!. M.L. da Silva. p. 396. ISBN 9781607028246 – via Internet Archive.

biografiasyvidas.com

"Luis Ulloa" (in Spanish). Biografias y Vidas.com. Retrieved 23 February 2010.

biography.com

Maranzani, Barbara (20 August 2020). "What Was Christopher Columbus' Heritage?". Biography. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

books.google.com

Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. 1492. The Year the World Began. Orion Press Inc., 2009. Retrieved 2015-04-16.
Irving, Washington. The Complete Works of Washington Irving. In one volume, with a Memoir of the Author. Part 2. Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. - Voyages and Discoveries of the Companions of Columbus. p. 877. ISBN 9781421235264 – via Google Books.
Taviani, Paolo Emilio (9 March 1985). Christopher Columbus: The Grand Design. Orbis. ISBN 9780856139222 – via Google Books.
Columbus, Christopher. The authentic letters of Columbus (Volume I). Field Columbian Museum, 1894. p. 129. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
Publications of the Modern Language Association of America (Volume XIV), Modern Language Association of America, 1899. p. 488. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
Greene, Robert; Elffers, Joost. The 48 Laws of Power, Profile Books, 2000. pp. 284–285. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
(in Spanish) De las Casas, Bartolomé. Historia de las Indias (Volume I), Fundacion Biblioteca Ayacuch, 1986. p. 522. Retrieved 2011-11-11.
(in Spanish) De las Casas, Bartolomé ; Saint-Lu, André. "Historia de las Indias" (Volume I). Fundacion Biblioteca Ayacuch, 1986. p. 26. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
(in Spanish) De Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo Fernández. Historia general y natural de las Indias, islas y tierra-firme del mar océano (Volume I), Real Acad. de la Historia, 1851. p. 12. Retrieved 2011-11-10.
(in Spanish) De Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo Fernández. Historia general y natural de las Indias, islas y tierra-firme del mar océano (Volume III), Real Acad. de la Historia, 1855. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
Morison, Samuel Eliot. "Admiral of the ocean sea: a life of Christopher Columbus" (Volume I). Time Inc., 1962. pp. 6–65. Retrieved 2011-11-04.
(in Portuguese) Graça Moura, Vasco. "Cristóvão Colombo e a floresta das asneiras." Quetzal Editores, 1991. pp. 93–95. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
(in Spanish) Ballesteros Beretta, Antonio. "Cristóbal Colón y el descubrimiento de América" (Volume I). Salvat editores, s.a., 1945. pp. 139–157. Retrieved 2011-02-22.
(in Italian) Martini, Dario G. "Cristoforo Colombo tra ragione e fantasia." ECIG, 1987. pp. 12 and 513. Retrieved 2011-02-22.
(in Spanish) Díaz-Trechuelo, María Lourdes. "Cristóbal Colón". Ediciones Palabra, 2006. p. 30. Retrieved 2010-12-08.
Granzotto, Gianni. "Christopher Columbus." Doubleday, 1985. p. 10. Retrieved 2007-12-15.
Schiavo, Giovanni Ermenegildo. "Four centuries of Italian-American history." Center for Migration Studies, 1992. p. 50. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
Davidson, Miles H. "Columbus then and now: a life reexamined." University of Oklahoma Press, 1997. pp. 6–7. Retrieved 2010-06-13.
Grynaeus, Simon; Huttichius, Johann. "Novus orbis regionum ac insularum veteribus incognitarum." apud Io. Hervagium, 1532. p. 90. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
Cieza de León, Pedro (translated into Italian by Agostino di Cravaliz). "Cronica Del Gran Regno Del Peru." 1553 (link to 1576 edition), p. 2. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
(in Spanish) Zurita y Castro, Jerónimo. "Anales de la Corona de Aragon." 1562–1580 (link to 1670 edition), p. 17. Retrieved 2010-12-11.
Galvão, António ; Hakluyt, Richard ; Bethune, Charles Ramsay Drinkwater. "The discoveries of the world." 1563 (link to 1862 edition), p. 81. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
(in Spanish) Illescas, Gonzalo de. "Segunda parte de la Historia pontifical y catolica." 1569 (link to 1652 edition), p. 259. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
(in Spanish) Garibay y Zamalloa, Esteban de. "Compendio historial de las chronicas y universal historia de todos los reynos de España." 1571 (link to 1628 edition), p. 650. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
(in French) La Popelinière, Lancelot Voisin. "Les trois mondes de la Popelinière." 1582 (link to 1997 edition), p. 77. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
(in Spanish) Castillo, Julián del. "Historia de los Reyes Godos que vinieron de la Scitia de Europa, contra el Imperio Romano, y a España." Por Philippe de Iunta, 1582. p. 143. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
Neander, Michael. "Orbis terrae partium succincta explicatio." 1586 (link to 1597 edition), p. 422. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
(in Spanish) Argote de Molina, Gonzalo. "Nobleza del Andaluzia." Por Fernando Diaz, 1588. pp. 246–247. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
(in Spanish) Castellanos, Juan de. "Elegías de varones ilustres de Indias." 1589 (link to 1847 edition), p. 44. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
(in Spanish) Mariana, Juan de. "Historia general de España" (Volume XIII). 1592 (link to 1819 edition), p. 132. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
(in Portuguese) De Mariz, Pedro. "Diálogos de varia historia." 1594 (link to 1749 edition), p. 351. Retrieved 2011-12-07.
Bergreen, Laurence. "Columbus: The Four Voyages." Penguin Group US, 2011. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe. "Columbus." Oxford University Press, 1991. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
McGovern, James R. "The World of Columbus." Mercer University Press, 1992. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
Sale, Kirkpatrick. "Christopher Columbus and the Conquest of Paradise." Tauris Parke Paperbacks, 2006. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
Phillips, William D. ; Phillips, Carla R. "The worlds of Christopher Columbus." Cambridge University Press, 1992. Retrieved 2012-01-07. Both the Phillips are professors of history at the University of Minnesota.
Allen, John Logan. North American Exploration. U of Nebraska Press, 1997. pp. 149–150. Retrieved 2015-04-17.
Varela, Consuelo. Christopher Columbus and the Mystery of the Bell of the Santa Maria. White Star Publishers, 2008. p. 13. Retrieved 2015-04-17.
Bedini, Silvio A. The Christopher Columbus Encyclopedia (Volume I). Simon & Schuster, 1992. p. 163. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
Wiesenthal, Simon. "Sails of Hope: The Secret Mission of Christopher Columbus." Macmillan, 1973. Retrieved 2010-09-07.
Merrill, Charles J. "Colom of Catalonia: Origins of Christopher Columbus Revealed." Demers Books LLC, 2008. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
Barreto, Mascarenhas. "The Portuguese Columbus: secret agent of King John II." Macmillan, 1992. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
(in Spanish) Rumeu de Armas, Antonio. "El «portugués» Cristóbal Colón en Castilla." Ediciones Cultura Hispánica del Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana, 1982. p. 29. Retrieved 2011-11-28.
(in Spanish) Real Academia de la Historia (Spain). "Congreso de Historia del Descubrimiento (1492–1556)." Real Academia de la Historia, 1992. p. 99. Retrieved 2011-11-28.

bris.ac.uk

"Pedro de Ayala letter 1498". www.bris.ac.uk.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Garcia, Charles (24 May 2012). "Was Columbus secretly a Jew?". CNN. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

csmonitor.com

Stewart, Linda (8 October 1985). "Calvi This tiny town claims to be Columbus's birthplace". Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

ethnologue.com

"Ligurian".

intratext.com

(in Italian) Colombo, Fernando. Historie del S. D. Fernando Colombo, IntraText Digital Library. Retrieved 2011-11-18.

jewishledger.com

(in English) Connecticut Jewish Ledger. "Columbus Day? Cristóvão Colón, a Portuguese Sephardic Jew, discovered America" James S. Mellett, PhD, 2003. p. 99. Retrieved 2017-09-09.

jewishvirtuallibrary.org

"Christopher Columbus". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.
"Sánchez, Gabriel". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

lavanguardia.com

hemeroteca-paginas.lavanguardia.com

(in Spanish) "Colón era un barcelonés que camufló su origen." La Hemeroteca de La Vanguardia, 2009. Retrieved 2010-03-15.

medievalnews.blogspot.com

"Scholar casts doubt on claims that Columbus was a Catalan." Medieval News, 2009. Retrieved 2009-10-26.

news.google.com

"Corsica 'Discovers' Columbus Birthplace". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. 18 October 1934. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

tbspr.org

"Three Sources of Textual Evidence of Columbus, Crypto Jew". Temple Beth Shalom, Puerto Rico. 2006. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

telegraph.co.uk

Govan, Fiona. "Christopher Columbus writings prove he was Spanish, claims study." The Telegraph, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-04.
"Christopher Columbus was actually a Scotsman called Pedro Scotto, historian says". www.telegraph.co.uk. 8 March 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

theguardian.com

Willan, Philip (21 June 2001). "Paolo Emilio Taviani". The Guardian.

voanews.com

"International Team to Study Columbus DNA to Determine His Origin". VOA News. 19 May 2021. Retrieved 4 July 2021.

vt.edu

scholar.lib.vt.edu

"Writer Suggests Columbus Was A Son Of Norway". The Roanoke Times. 6 March 1991. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

washingtonpost.com

Lane, Kris (8 October 2015). "Five myths about Christopher Columbus". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

web.archive.org

"Three Sources of Textual Evidence of Columbus, Crypto Jew". Temple Beth Shalom, Puerto Rico. 2006. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010. Retrieved 5 July 2021.

worldcat.org

Azuara, Marisa (2010). Christóval Colón: la cruzada universal (in Spanish). Teruel: Baracoa. ISBN 978-84-938048-0-0. OCLC 826717068.
Azuara, Marisa (2007). Christoval Colón: más grande que la leyenda (in Spanish). Zaragoza: Amares. ISBN 978-84-936080-0-2. OCLC 879941385.
Azuara, Marisa (2018). Chi era Cristoforo Colombo?: argomentazioni sull'identità sardo-genovese dello scopritore del nuovo mondo (in Italian). Translated by Sanna, Igino. Cagliari: Condaghes. ISBN 978-88-7356-210-8. OCLC 1102376641.
Lane, Kris (8 October 2015). "Five myths about Christopher Columbus". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
Stewart, Linda (8 October 1985). "Calvi This tiny town claims to be Columbus's birthplace". Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

wyborcza.pl

Orliński, Wojciech (12 June 2012). ""Kolumb. Historia nieznana", Manuel Rosa. Kolumb, syn Władysława". wyborcza.pl. Retrieved 1 May 2021.