Osmium (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Osmium" in English language version.

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Mager Stellman, J. (1998). "Osmium". Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety. International Labour Organization. pp. 63.34. ISBN 978-92-2-109816-4. OCLC 35279504.
Sykes, A. G. (1992). Advances in Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-12-023637-4.
Emsley, J. (2003). "Osmium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 199–201. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
Thomson, T. (1831). A System of Chemistry of Inorganic Bodies. Baldwin & Cradock, London; and William Blackwood, Edinburgh. p. 693.
Weeks, M. E. (1968). Discovery of the Elements (7 ed.). Journal of Chemical Education. pp. 414–418. ISBN 978-0-8486-8579-9. OCLC 23991202.
Chadwick, D. (2002). Role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in smooth muscle. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 259–264. ISBN 978-0-470-84479-3.

books.google.com

Mager Stellman, J. (1998). "Osmium". Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety. International Labour Organization. pp. 63.34. ISBN 978-92-2-109816-4. OCLC 35279504.
Subcommittee on Platinum-Group Metals, Committee on Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants, Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council (1977). Platinum-group metals. National Academy of Sciences. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-309-02640-6.
Bozzola, John J.; Russell, Lonnie D. (1999). "Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy". Electron microscopy : principles and techniques for biologists. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett. pp. 21–31. ISBN 978-0-7637-0192-5.
Smil, Vaclav (2004). Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, and the Transformation of World Food Production. MIT Press. pp. 80–86. ISBN 978-0-262-69313-4.
Cramer, Stephen D. & Covino, Bernard S. Jr. (2005). ASM Handbook Volume 13B. Corrosion: Materials. ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-707-9.

chemnetbase.com

hbcp.chemnetbase.com

"Osmium(VIII) oxide". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022). CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group. Archived from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved February 6, 2023.

ciaaw.org

"Standard Atomic Weights: Osmium". CIAAW. 1991.

degruyter.com

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (May 4, 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

doi.org

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (May 4, 2022). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Peters, Stefan T.M.; Münker, Carsten; Becker, Harry; Schulz, Toni (April 2014). "Alpha-decay of ¹⁸⁴Os revealed by radiogenic ¹⁸⁰W in meteorites: Half life determination and viability as geochronometer". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 391: 69–76. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.030.
Arblaster, J. W. (1995). "Osmium, the Densest Metal Known". Platinum Metals Review. 39 (4): 164. doi:10.1595/003214095X394164164. Archived from the original on May 6, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
Girolami, Gregory (November 2012). "Osmium weighs in". Nature Chemistry. 4 (11): 954. Bibcode:2012NatCh...4..954G. doi:10.1038/nchem.1479. PMID 23089872.
Weinberger, Michelle; Tolbert, Sarah; Kavner, Abby (2008). "Osmium Metal Studied under High Pressure and Nonhydrostatic Stress". Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (4): 045506. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.100d5506W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.045506. PMID 18352299. S2CID 29146762.
Cynn, Hyunchae; Klepeis, J. E.; Yeo, C. S.; Young, D. A. (2002). "Osmium has the Lowest Experimentally Determined Compressibility". Physical Review Letters. 88 (13): 135701. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88m5701C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.135701. PMID 11955108. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Sahu, B. R.; Kleinman, L. (2005). "Osmium Is Not Harder Than Diamond". Physical Review B. 72 (11): 113106. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72k3106S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.113106.
Fe(−4), Ru(−4), and Os(−4) have been observed in metal-rich compounds containing octahedral complexes [MIn_6−xSn_x]; Pt(−3) (as a dimeric anion [Pt–Pt]⁶⁻), Cu(−2), Zn(−2), Ag(−2), Cd(−2), Au(−2), and Hg(−2) have been observed (as dimeric and monomeric anions; dimeric ions were initially reported to be [T–T]²⁻ for Zn, Cd, Hg, but later shown to be [T–T]⁴⁻ for all these elements) in La₂Pt₂In, La₂Cu₂In, Ca₅Au₃, Ca₅Ag₃, Ca₅Hg₃, Sr₅Cd₃, Ca₅Zn₃(structure (AE²⁺)₅(T–T)⁴⁻T²⁻⋅4e⁻), Yb₃Ag₂, Ca₅Au₄, and Ca₃Hg₂; Au(–3) has been observed in ScAuSn and in other 18-electron half-Heusler compounds. See Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo (2008). "Late transition metal anions acting as p-metal elements". Solid State Sciences. 10 (4): 444–449. Bibcode:2008SSSci..10..444K. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2007.12.001. and Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo; Jürgen Köhler (2010). "Analysis of Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding of Metal-rich Compounds. 2. Presence of Dimer (T–T)^4– and Isolated T^2– Anions in the Polar Intermetallic Cr₅B₃-Type Compounds AE₅T₃ (AE = Ca, Sr; T = Au, Ag, Hg, Cd, Zn)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 636 (1): 36–40. doi:10.1002/zaac.200900421.
Selig, H.; Claassen, H. H.; Chernick, C. L.; Malm, J. G.; et al. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation + Some Properties". Science. 143 (3612): 1322–1323. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1322S. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. JSTOR 1713238. PMID 17799234. S2CID 29205117.
Huston, J. L.; Studier, M. H.; Sloth, E. N. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Mass Spectrum". Science. 143 (3611): 1162–1163. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1161H. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. JSTOR 1712675. PMID 17833897. S2CID 28547895.
Barnard, C. F. J. (2004). "Oxidation States of Ruthenium and Osmium". Platinum Metals Review. 48 (4): 157. doi:10.1595/147106704X10801.
Gong, Yu; Zhou, Mingfei; Kaupp, Martin; Riedel, Sebastian (2009). "Formation and Characterization of the Iridium Tetroxide Molecule with Iridium in the Oxidation State +VIII". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (42): 7879–7883. doi:10.1002/anie.200902733. PMID 19593837.^{[dead link‍]}
Kiselev, Yu. M.; Nikonov, M. V.; Dolzhenko, V. D.; Ermilov, A. Yu.; Tananaev, I. G.; Myasoedov, B. F. (January 17, 2014). "On existence and properties of plutonium(VIII) derivatives". Radiochimica Acta. 102 (3): 227–237. doi:10.1515/ract-2014-2146. S2CID 100915090.
Zaitsevskii, Andréi; Mosyagin, Nikolai S.; Titov, Anatoly V.; Kiselev, Yuri M. (July 21, 2013). "Relativistic density functional theory modeling of plutonium and americium higher oxide molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 139 (3): 034307. Bibcode:2013JChPh.139c4307Z. doi:10.1063/1.4813284. PMID 23883027.
Krause, J.; Siriwardane, Upali; Salupo, Terese A.; Wermer, Joseph R.; et al. (1993). "Preparation of [Os₃(CO)₁₁]²⁻ and its reactions with Os₃(CO)₁₂; structures of [Et₄N] [HOs₃(CO)₁₁] and H₂OsS₄(CO)". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 454 (1–2): 263–271. doi:10.1016/0022-328X(93)83250-Y.
Carter, Willie J.; Kelland, John W.; Okrasinski, Stanley J.; Warner, Keith E.; et al. (1982). "Mononuclear hydrido alkyl carbonyl complexes of osmium and their polynuclear derivatives". Inorganic Chemistry. 21 (11): 3955–3960. doi:10.1021/ic00141a019.
Griffith, W. P. (1965). "Osmium and its compounds". Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society. 19 (3): 254–273. doi:10.1039/QR9651900254.
Greenwood, N.N.; Earnshaw, A., eds. (1997). "25 - Iron, Ruthenium and Osmium". Chemistry of the Elements (2 ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. pp. 1070–1112. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-3365-9.50031-6. ISBN 9780750633659.
Gulliver, D. J; Levason, W. (1982). "The chemistry of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum in the higher oxidation states". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 46: 1–127. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(82)85001-7.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Bell, Andrew G.; Koźmiński, Wiktor; Linden, Anthony; von Philipsborn, Wolfgang (1996). "¹⁸⁷Os NMR Study of (η⁶-Arene)osmium(II) Complexes: Separation of Electronic and Steric Ligand Effects". Organometallics. 15 (14): 3124–3135. doi:10.1021/om960053i.
Dąbek, Józef; Halas, Stanislaw (2007). "Physical Foundations of Rhenium-Osmium Method – A Review". Geochronometria. 27 (1): 23–26. Bibcode:2007Gchrm..27...23D. doi:10.2478/v10003-007-0011-4.
Alvarez, L. W.; Alvarez, W.; Asaro, F.; Michel, H. V. (1980). "Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction" (PDF). Science. 208 (4448): 1095–1108. Bibcode:1980Sci...208.1095A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.126.8496. doi:10.1126/science.208.4448.1095. PMID 17783054. S2CID 16017767. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
Venetskii, S. I. (1974). "Osmium". Metallurgist. 18 (2): 155–157. doi:10.1007/BF01132596. S2CID 241230590.
McDonald, M. (959). "The Platinum of New Granada: Mining and Metallurgy in the Spanish Colonial Empire". Platinum Metals Review. 3 (4): 140–145. doi:10.1595/003214059X34140145. Archived from the original on June 9, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2008.
Hunt, L. B. (1987). "A History of Iridium" (PDF). Platinum Metals Review. 31 (1): 32–41. doi:10.1595/003214087X3113241. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
Haubrichs, Rolf; Zaffalon, Pierre-Leonard (2017). "Osmium vs. 'Ptène': The Naming of the Densest Metal". Johnson Matthey Technology Review. 61 (3): 190. doi:10.1595/205651317x695631.
Griffith, W. P. (2004). "Bicentenary of Four Platinum Group Metals. Part II: Osmium and iridium – events surrounding their discoveries". Platinum Metals Review. 48 (4): 182–189. doi:10.1595/147106704X4844.
Tennant, S. (1804). "On Two Metals, Found in the Black Powder Remaining after the Solution of Platina". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 94: 411–418. doi:10.1098/rstl.1804.0018. JSTOR 107152. Archived from the original on May 28, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Wedepohl, Hans K (1995). "The composition of the continental crust". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 59 (7): 1217–1232. Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59.1217W. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Xiao, Z.; Laplante, A. R. (2004). "Characterizing and recovering the platinum group minerals—a review". Minerals Engineering. 17 (9–10): 961–979. Bibcode:2004MiEng..17..961X. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2004.04.001.
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Girolami, Gregory (November 2012). "Osmium weighs in". Nature Chemistry. 4 (11): 954. Bibcode:2012NatCh...4..954G. doi:10.1038/nchem.1479. PMID 23089872.
MacDonell, Herbert L. (1960). "The Use of Hydrogen Fluoride in the Development of Latent Fingerprints Found on Glass Surfaces". The Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science. 51 (4): 465–470. doi:10.2307/1140672. JSTOR 1140672. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
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Torr, Marsha R. (1985). "Osmium coated diffraction grating in the Space Shuttle environment: performance". Applied Optics. 24 (18): 2959. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2959T. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002959. PMID 18223987.
Gull, T. R.; Herzig, H.; Osantowski, J. F.; Toft, A. R. (1985). "Low earth orbit environmental effects on osmium and related optical thin-film coatings". Applied Optics. 24 (16): 2660. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2660G. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002660. PMID 18223936.
McLaughlin, A. I. G.; Milton, R.; Perry, Kenneth M. A. (July 1, 1946). "Toxic Manifestations of Osmium Tetroxide". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 3 (3): 183–186. doi:10.1136/oem.3.3.183. PMC 1035752. PMID 20991177.
Friedova, Natalie; Pelclova, Daniela; Obertova, Nikola; Lach, Karel; Kesslerova, Katerina; Kohout, Pavel (November 2020). "Osmium absorption after osmium tetroxide skin and eye exposure". Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. 127 (5): 429–433. doi:10.1111/bcpt.13450. PMID 32524772. S2CID 219588237.
"Osmium 7440-04-2". Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. October 15, 2012. pp. 1–2. doi:10.1002/0471701343.sdp45229. ISBN 978-0-471-70134-7. Retrieved February 5, 2023.
Luttrell, William E.; Giles, Cory B. (September 1, 2007). "Toxic tips: Osmium tetroxide". Journal of Chemical Health & Safety. 14 (5): 40–41. doi:10.1016/j.jchas.2007.07.003.
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gsi.de

"Chemistry of Hassium" (PDF). Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH. 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 14, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2007.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Girolami, Gregory (November 2012). "Osmium weighs in". Nature Chemistry. 4 (11): 954. Bibcode:2012NatCh...4..954G. doi:10.1038/nchem.1479. PMID 23089872.
Nemoshkalenko, V. V.; Antonov, V. N.; Kirillova, M. M.; Krasovskii, A. E.; Nomerovannaya, L. V. (January 1986). "The structure of the energy bands and optical absorption in osmium" (PDF). Sov. Phys. JETP. 63 (I): 115. Bibcode:1986JETP...63..115N. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 11, 2023. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
Weinberger, Michelle; Tolbert, Sarah; Kavner, Abby (2008). "Osmium Metal Studied under High Pressure and Nonhydrostatic Stress". Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (4): 045506. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.100d5506W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.045506. PMID 18352299. S2CID 29146762.
Cynn, Hyunchae; Klepeis, J. E.; Yeo, C. S.; Young, D. A. (2002). "Osmium has the Lowest Experimentally Determined Compressibility". Physical Review Letters. 88 (13): 135701. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88m5701C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.135701. PMID 11955108. Archived from the original on September 28, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Sahu, B. R.; Kleinman, L. (2005). "Osmium Is Not Harder Than Diamond". Physical Review B. 72 (11): 113106. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72k3106S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.113106.
Fe(−4), Ru(−4), and Os(−4) have been observed in metal-rich compounds containing octahedral complexes [MIn_6−xSn_x]; Pt(−3) (as a dimeric anion [Pt–Pt]⁶⁻), Cu(−2), Zn(−2), Ag(−2), Cd(−2), Au(−2), and Hg(−2) have been observed (as dimeric and monomeric anions; dimeric ions were initially reported to be [T–T]²⁻ for Zn, Cd, Hg, but later shown to be [T–T]⁴⁻ for all these elements) in La₂Pt₂In, La₂Cu₂In, Ca₅Au₃, Ca₅Ag₃, Ca₅Hg₃, Sr₅Cd₃, Ca₅Zn₃(structure (AE²⁺)₅(T–T)⁴⁻T²⁻⋅4e⁻), Yb₃Ag₂, Ca₅Au₄, and Ca₃Hg₂; Au(–3) has been observed in ScAuSn and in other 18-electron half-Heusler compounds. See Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo (2008). "Late transition metal anions acting as p-metal elements". Solid State Sciences. 10 (4): 444–449. Bibcode:2008SSSci..10..444K. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2007.12.001. and Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo; Jürgen Köhler (2010). "Analysis of Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding of Metal-rich Compounds. 2. Presence of Dimer (T–T)^4– and Isolated T^2– Anions in the Polar Intermetallic Cr₅B₃-Type Compounds AE₅T₃ (AE = Ca, Sr; T = Au, Ag, Hg, Cd, Zn)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 636 (1): 36–40. doi:10.1002/zaac.200900421.
Selig, H.; Claassen, H. H.; Chernick, C. L.; Malm, J. G.; et al. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation + Some Properties". Science. 143 (3612): 1322–1323. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1322S. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. JSTOR 1713238. PMID 17799234. S2CID 29205117.
Huston, J. L.; Studier, M. H.; Sloth, E. N. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Mass Spectrum". Science. 143 (3611): 1162–1163. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1161H. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. JSTOR 1712675. PMID 17833897. S2CID 28547895.
Zaitsevskii, Andréi; Mosyagin, Nikolai S.; Titov, Anatoly V.; Kiselev, Yuri M. (July 21, 2013). "Relativistic density functional theory modeling of plutonium and americium higher oxide molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 139 (3): 034307. Bibcode:2013JChPh.139c4307Z. doi:10.1063/1.4813284. PMID 23883027.
Dąbek, Józef; Halas, Stanislaw (2007). "Physical Foundations of Rhenium-Osmium Method – A Review". Geochronometria. 27 (1): 23–26. Bibcode:2007Gchrm..27...23D. doi:10.2478/v10003-007-0011-4.
Alvarez, L. W.; Alvarez, W.; Asaro, F.; Michel, H. V. (1980). "Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction" (PDF). Science. 208 (4448): 1095–1108. Bibcode:1980Sci...208.1095A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.126.8496. doi:10.1126/science.208.4448.1095. PMID 17783054. S2CID 16017767. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
Wedepohl, Hans K (1995). "The composition of the continental crust". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 59 (7): 1217–1232. Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59.1217W. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
Xiao, Z.; Laplante, A. R. (2004). "Characterizing and recovering the platinum group minerals—a review". Minerals Engineering. 17 (9–10): 961–979. Bibcode:2004MiEng..17..961X. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2004.04.001.
Girolami, Gregory (November 2012). "Osmium weighs in". Nature Chemistry. 4 (11): 954. Bibcode:2012NatCh...4..954G. doi:10.1038/nchem.1479. PMID 23089872.
Torr, Marsha R. (1985). "Osmium coated diffraction grating in the Space Shuttle environment: performance". Applied Optics. 24 (18): 2959. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2959T. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002959. PMID 18223987.
Gull, T. R.; Herzig, H.; Osantowski, J. F.; Toft, A. R. (1985). "Low earth orbit environmental effects on osmium and related optical thin-film coatings". Applied Optics. 24 (16): 2660. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2660G. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002660. PMID 18223936.
Linton, Roger C.; Kamenetzky, Rachel R.; Reynolds, John M.; Burris, Charles L. (1992). "LDEF experiment A0034: Atomic oxygen stimulated outgassing". NASA Langley Research Center: 763. Bibcode:1992ldef.symp..763L.

iaea.org

www-nds.iaea.org

Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

iloencyclopaedia.org

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