Otomi language (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Otomi language" in English language version.

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19doi.org

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12semanticscholar.org

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11jstor.org

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7web.archive.org

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5academia.edu

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4arqueomex.com

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4inegi.org.mx

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1ethnologue.com

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academia.edu

Palancar (2009:14): "Desde un punto de vista de la tipología morfológica clásica greenbergiana el otomí es una lengua fusional que se convertiría, por otro lado en aglutinante si todos los clíticos se reanalizaran como afijos (From the point of view of the classic Greenbergian morphological typologogy, Otomí is a fusional language which would however turn into an agglutinating one if all the clitics were reanalyzed as affixes)" Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2.
The classification follows Lastra except in regard to the Amealco dialect which follows Palancar (2009) Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2.
The phonology as described by Palancar (2009:2). The Tultepec dialect is chosen here because it is the dialect for which the most complete phonological description is available. Other descriptions exist for Temoaya Otomi Andrews (1949), and several different analyses of Mezquital phonology Wallis (1968), Bernard (1973), Bernard (1967), Bartholomew (1968). Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2. Andrews, Henrietta (October 1949). "Phonemes and Morphophonemes of Temoayan Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (4): 213–222. doi:10.1086/464047. JSTOR 1263147. S2CID 143776150. Wallis, Ethel E. (1968). "The Word and the Phonological Hierarchy of Mezquital Otomi". Language. 44 (1). Language, Vol. 44, No. 1: 76–90. doi:10.2307/411465. JSTOR 411465. Bernard, H. Russell (July 1973). "Otomi Phonology and Orthography". International Journal of American Linguistics. 39 (3): 180–184. doi:10.1086/465262. JSTOR 1264569. S2CID 143961988. Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
Palancar 2009. Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2.
Palancar 2009, p. 64. Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2.

archive.org

Suárez (1983:167) Suárez, Jorge A. (1983). The Mesoamerian Indian Languages. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-22834-3.
Suárez 1983, p. 168. Suárez, Jorge A. (1983). The Mesoamerian Indian Languages. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-22834-3.

arqueomex.com

Wright Carr (2005a) Wright Carr, David Charles (2005a). "Precisiones sobre el término "otomí"" (PDF). Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2008. Retrieved 2006-12-06.
Wright Carr (2005b) Wright Carr, David Charles (2005b). "Lengua, cultura e historia de los otomíes". Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 26–2. Archived from the original on 2011-02-26.
Lastra (2006:57); Wright Carr (2005a) Lastra, Yolanda (2006). Los Otomies – Su lengua y su historia (in Spanish). Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, UNAM. ISBN 978-970-32-3388-5. Wright Carr, David Charles (2005a). "Precisiones sobre el término "otomí"" (PDF). Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2008. Retrieved 2006-12-06.
Wright Carr 2005b. Wright Carr, David Charles (2005b). "Lengua, cultura e historia de los otomíes". Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 26–2. Archived from the original on 2011-02-26.

cnn.com

mexico.cnn.com

"INEGI: Cada vez más mexicanos hablan una lengua indígena - Nacional - CNNMéxico.com". Mexico.cnn.com. 2011-03-30. Archived from the original on 2011-12-06. Retrieved 2011-12-10.

cnrs.fr

celia.cnrs.fr

Lastra (1996:3) Lastra, Yolanda (1996). "Verbal Morphology of Ixtenco Otomi" (PDF). Amérindia. 21: 93–100. ISSN 0221-8852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-08-05. (PDF has a different pagination from the original publication)

doi.org

"A linguistic variety is defined as ‘a variety of speech (i) which has structural and lexical differences in comparison with other varieties within the same linguistic group, and (ii) which has a distinct sociolinguistic mark of identity for their users, different from the sociolinguistic identity born by speakers of other varieties'"(translation by E. Palancar in Palancar (2011:247). Originaltext in CLIN (2008:37) Palancar, Enrique L. (2011). "The conjugations of Colonial Otomi". Transactions of the Philological Society. 109 (3): 246–264. doi:10.1111/j.1467-968x.2011.01275.x. CLIN, Catalogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales, 2008 (2008). Variantes Lingüísticas de México con sus autodenominaciones y referencias geoestadísticas (PDF). Mexico City.: Diario de la Nación (14 Jan.).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
The phonology as described by Palancar (2009:2). The Tultepec dialect is chosen here because it is the dialect for which the most complete phonological description is available. Other descriptions exist for Temoaya Otomi Andrews (1949), and several different analyses of Mezquital phonology Wallis (1968), Bernard (1973), Bernard (1967), Bartholomew (1968). Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2. Andrews, Henrietta (October 1949). "Phonemes and Morphophonemes of Temoayan Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (4): 213–222. doi:10.1086/464047. JSTOR 1263147. S2CID 143776150. Wallis, Ethel E. (1968). "The Word and the Phonological Hierarchy of Mezquital Otomi". Language. 44 (1). Language, Vol. 44, No. 1: 76–90. doi:10.2307/411465. JSTOR 411465. Bernard, H. Russell (July 1973). "Otomi Phonology and Orthography". International Journal of American Linguistics. 39 (3): 180–184. doi:10.1086/465262. JSTOR 1264569. S2CID 143961988. Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
In the late 20th century, Mezquital Otomi was reported to be on the verge of losing the distinction between nasal and oral vowels. Bernard noted that *ɑ̃ had become /ɔ/, that /ĩ ~ i/ and /ũ ~ u/ were in free variation, and that the only nasal vowel that continued to be distinct from its oral counterpart was /ẽ/.Bernard (1967)Bernard (1970) Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bernard, H Russell (January 1970). "More on Nasalized Vowels and Morphophonemics in Mezquital Otomi: A Rejoinder to Bartholomew". International Journal of American Linguistics. 36 (1): 60–63. doi:10.1086/465093. JSTOR 1264486. S2CID 143548278.
During the mid-twentieth century, linguists differed regarding the analysis of tones in Otomi. Kenneth Pike Sinclair & Pike (1948), Doris Bartholomew Bartholomew (1968);Bartholomew (1979) and Blight & Pike (1976) preferred an analysis including three tones, but Leon & Swadesh (1949)and Bernard (1966), Bernard (1974) preferred an analysis with only two tones, in which the rising tone was analyzed as two consecutive tones on one long vowel. In fact, Bernard didn't believe that Otomi should be analyzed as being tonal, as he believed instead that tone in Otomi was not lexical, but rather predictable from other phonetic elements. This analysis was rejected as untenable by the thorough analysis of Wallis (1968) and the three tone analysis became the standard. Sinclair, Donald; Pike, Kenneth (1948). "Tonemes of Mesquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 14 (1): 91–98. doi:10.1086/463988. JSTOR 1263233. S2CID 143650900. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950. Bartholomew, Doris (January 1979). "Otomi Parables, Folktales, and Jokes [Book review]". International Journal of American Linguistics. 45 (1): 94–97. doi:10.1086/465579. JSTOR 1264981. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966. Leon, Frances; Swadesh, Morris (1949). "Two views of Otomi prosody". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (2): 100–105. doi:10.1086/464028. JSTOR 1262769. S2CID 144006207. Bernard, H Russell (December 1966). "Otomi Tones". Anthropological Linguistics. 8 (9): 15–19. JSTOR 30029194. Bernard, H Russell (April 1974). "Otomi Tones in Discourse". International Journal of American Linguistics. 40 (2): 141–150. doi:10.1086/465300. JSTOR 1264352. S2CID 144848859.
Hekking & Bakker (2007:436) Hekking, Ewald; Bakker, Dik (2007). "The Case of Otomí: A contribution to grammatical borrowing in crosslinguistic perspective". In Yaron Matras; Jeanette Sakel (eds.). Grammatical Borrowing in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Empirical Approaches to Language Typology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 435–464. doi:10.1515/9783110199192.435. ISBN 978-3-11-019628-3.
Palancar 2011. Palancar, Enrique L. (2011). "The conjugations of Colonial Otomi". Transactions of the Philological Society. 109 (3): 246–264. doi:10.1111/j.1467-968x.2011.01275.x.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950a. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950a). "Central Otomian I:Proto-Otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (1): 1–19. doi:10.1086/464056. JSTOR 1262748. S2CID 144486505.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950b. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950b). "Central Otomian II:Primitive central otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (2): 73–81. doi:10.1086/464067. JSTOR 1262851. S2CID 143618683.
Bartholomew 1960. Bartholomew, Doris (October 1960). "Some revisions of Proto-Otomi consonants". International Journal of American Linguistics. 26 (4): 317–329. doi:10.1086/464591. JSTOR 1263552. S2CID 144874022.
Hekking & Bakker 2007. Hekking, Ewald; Bakker, Dik (2007). "The Case of Otomí: A contribution to grammatical borrowing in crosslinguistic perspective". In Yaron Matras; Jeanette Sakel (eds.). Grammatical Borrowing in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Empirical Approaches to Language Typology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 435–464. doi:10.1515/9783110199192.435. ISBN 978-3-11-019628-3.
Bartholomew (1979) Bartholomew, Doris (January 1979). "Otomi Parables, Folktales, and Jokes [Book review]". International Journal of American Linguistics. 45 (1): 94–97. doi:10.1086/465579. JSTOR 1264981.
Blight & Pike 1976. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966.
Bartholomew (1968) Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
Wallis (1964) Wallis, Ethel E. (1964). "Mezquital Otomi Verb Fusion". Language. 40 (1). Language, Vol. 40, No. 1: 75–82. doi:10.2307/411926. JSTOR 411926.
Palancar 2004b. Palancar, Enrique L. (2004b). "Verbal Morphology and Prosody in Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 70 (3): 251–78. doi:10.1086/425601. JSTOR 3652030. S2CID 143924185.
Palancar 2006a. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006a). "Intransitivity and the origins of middle voice in Otomi". Linguistics. 44 (3): 613–643. doi:10.1515/LING.2006.020. S2CID 144073740.
Palancar 2006b, p. 332. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006b). "Property in Otomi: a language with no adjectives". International Journal of American Linguistics. 72 (3): 325–66. doi:10.1086/509489. S2CID 144634622.
Palancar 2006b. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006b). "Property in Otomi: a language with no adjectives". International Journal of American Linguistics. 72 (3): 325–66. doi:10.1086/509489. S2CID 144634622.
Hekking & Bakker 2007, p. 439. Hekking, Ewald; Bakker, Dik (2007). "The Case of Otomí: A contribution to grammatical borrowing in crosslinguistic perspective". In Yaron Matras; Jeanette Sakel (eds.). Grammatical Borrowing in Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Empirical Approaches to Language Typology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 435–464. doi:10.1515/9783110199192.435. ISBN 978-3-11-019628-3.

ethnologue.com

Otomi in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). Ethnologue: Languages of the World (25th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.

famsi.org

Neve y Molina 2005. Neve y Molina, Luis de (2005) [1767]. Erik Boot (ed.). Reglas de Orthographia, Diccionario, y Arte del Idioma Othomi (PDF) (in Spanish). Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies. Retrieved 2006-11-25.

inali.gob.mx

"A linguistic variety is defined as ‘a variety of speech (i) which has structural and lexical differences in comparison with other varieties within the same linguistic group, and (ii) which has a distinct sociolinguistic mark of identity for their users, different from the sociolinguistic identity born by speakers of other varieties'"(translation by E. Palancar in Palancar (2011:247). Originaltext in CLIN (2008:37) Palancar, Enrique L. (2011). "The conjugations of Colonial Otomi". Transactions of the Philological Society. 109 (3): 246–264. doi:10.1111/j.1467-968x.2011.01275.x. CLIN, Catalogo de las lenguas indígenas nacionales, 2008 (2008). Variantes Lingüísticas de México con sus autodenominaciones y referencias geoestadísticas (PDF). Mexico City.: Diario de la Nación (14 Jan.).{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
INALI [Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas] (n.d.). "Presentación de la Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos". Difusión de INALI (in Spanish). INALI, Secretaría de Educación Pública. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-03-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)

inegi.org.mx

33.5% of Otomi speakers are illiterate compared with national average of 8.5% INEGI (2009:74) INEGI, [Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografia] (2009). Perfil sociodemográfico de la población que habla lengua indígena (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2009-08-17.
INEGI (2009:69) INEGI, [Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografia] (2009). Perfil sociodemográfico de la población que habla lengua indígena (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2009-08-17.
INEGI 2009, p. 70. INEGI, [Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografia] (2009). Perfil sociodemográfico de la población que habla lengua indígena (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2009-08-17.

cuentame.inegi.org.mx

Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020.

jstor.org

The phonology as described by Palancar (2009:2). The Tultepec dialect is chosen here because it is the dialect for which the most complete phonological description is available. Other descriptions exist for Temoaya Otomi Andrews (1949), and several different analyses of Mezquital phonology Wallis (1968), Bernard (1973), Bernard (1967), Bartholomew (1968). Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2. Andrews, Henrietta (October 1949). "Phonemes and Morphophonemes of Temoayan Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (4): 213–222. doi:10.1086/464047. JSTOR 1263147. S2CID 143776150. Wallis, Ethel E. (1968). "The Word and the Phonological Hierarchy of Mezquital Otomi". Language. 44 (1). Language, Vol. 44, No. 1: 76–90. doi:10.2307/411465. JSTOR 411465. Bernard, H. Russell (July 1973). "Otomi Phonology and Orthography". International Journal of American Linguistics. 39 (3): 180–184. doi:10.1086/465262. JSTOR 1264569. S2CID 143961988. Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
In the late 20th century, Mezquital Otomi was reported to be on the verge of losing the distinction between nasal and oral vowels. Bernard noted that *ɑ̃ had become /ɔ/, that /ĩ ~ i/ and /ũ ~ u/ were in free variation, and that the only nasal vowel that continued to be distinct from its oral counterpart was /ẽ/.Bernard (1967)Bernard (1970) Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bernard, H Russell (January 1970). "More on Nasalized Vowels and Morphophonemics in Mezquital Otomi: A Rejoinder to Bartholomew". International Journal of American Linguistics. 36 (1): 60–63. doi:10.1086/465093. JSTOR 1264486. S2CID 143548278.
During the mid-twentieth century, linguists differed regarding the analysis of tones in Otomi. Kenneth Pike Sinclair & Pike (1948), Doris Bartholomew Bartholomew (1968);Bartholomew (1979) and Blight & Pike (1976) preferred an analysis including three tones, but Leon & Swadesh (1949)and Bernard (1966), Bernard (1974) preferred an analysis with only two tones, in which the rising tone was analyzed as two consecutive tones on one long vowel. In fact, Bernard didn't believe that Otomi should be analyzed as being tonal, as he believed instead that tone in Otomi was not lexical, but rather predictable from other phonetic elements. This analysis was rejected as untenable by the thorough analysis of Wallis (1968) and the three tone analysis became the standard. Sinclair, Donald; Pike, Kenneth (1948). "Tonemes of Mesquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 14 (1): 91–98. doi:10.1086/463988. JSTOR 1263233. S2CID 143650900. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950. Bartholomew, Doris (January 1979). "Otomi Parables, Folktales, and Jokes [Book review]". International Journal of American Linguistics. 45 (1): 94–97. doi:10.1086/465579. JSTOR 1264981. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966. Leon, Frances; Swadesh, Morris (1949). "Two views of Otomi prosody". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (2): 100–105. doi:10.1086/464028. JSTOR 1262769. S2CID 144006207. Bernard, H Russell (December 1966). "Otomi Tones". Anthropological Linguistics. 8 (9): 15–19. JSTOR 30029194. Bernard, H Russell (April 1974). "Otomi Tones in Discourse". International Journal of American Linguistics. 40 (2): 141–150. doi:10.1086/465300. JSTOR 1264352. S2CID 144848859.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950a. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950a). "Central Otomian I:Proto-Otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (1): 1–19. doi:10.1086/464056. JSTOR 1262748. S2CID 144486505.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950b. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950b). "Central Otomian II:Primitive central otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (2): 73–81. doi:10.1086/464067. JSTOR 1262851. S2CID 143618683.
Bartholomew 1960. Bartholomew, Doris (October 1960). "Some revisions of Proto-Otomi consonants". International Journal of American Linguistics. 26 (4): 317–329. doi:10.1086/464591. JSTOR 1263552. S2CID 144874022.
Bartholomew (1979) Bartholomew, Doris (January 1979). "Otomi Parables, Folktales, and Jokes [Book review]". International Journal of American Linguistics. 45 (1): 94–97. doi:10.1086/465579. JSTOR 1264981.
Blight & Pike 1976. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966.
Bartholomew (1968) Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
Wallis (1964) Wallis, Ethel E. (1964). "Mezquital Otomi Verb Fusion". Language. 40 (1). Language, Vol. 40, No. 1: 75–82. doi:10.2307/411926. JSTOR 411926.
Palancar 2004b. Palancar, Enrique L. (2004b). "Verbal Morphology and Prosody in Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 70 (3): 251–78. doi:10.1086/425601. JSTOR 3652030. S2CID 143924185.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

The phonology as described by Palancar (2009:2). The Tultepec dialect is chosen here because it is the dialect for which the most complete phonological description is available. Other descriptions exist for Temoaya Otomi Andrews (1949), and several different analyses of Mezquital phonology Wallis (1968), Bernard (1973), Bernard (1967), Bartholomew (1968). Palancar, Enrique L. (2009). Gramática y textos del hñöñhö Otomí de San Ildefonso Tultepec, Querétaro. Vol 1. Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro: Plaza y Valdés. ISBN 978-607-402-146-2. Andrews, Henrietta (October 1949). "Phonemes and Morphophonemes of Temoayan Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (4): 213–222. doi:10.1086/464047. JSTOR 1263147. S2CID 143776150. Wallis, Ethel E. (1968). "The Word and the Phonological Hierarchy of Mezquital Otomi". Language. 44 (1). Language, Vol. 44, No. 1: 76–90. doi:10.2307/411465. JSTOR 411465. Bernard, H. Russell (July 1973). "Otomi Phonology and Orthography". International Journal of American Linguistics. 39 (3): 180–184. doi:10.1086/465262. JSTOR 1264569. S2CID 143961988. Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
In the late 20th century, Mezquital Otomi was reported to be on the verge of losing the distinction between nasal and oral vowels. Bernard noted that *ɑ̃ had become /ɔ/, that /ĩ ~ i/ and /ũ ~ u/ were in free variation, and that the only nasal vowel that continued to be distinct from its oral counterpart was /ẽ/.Bernard (1967)Bernard (1970) Bernard, H Russell (July 1967). "The Vowels of Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 33 (3): 247–48. doi:10.1086/464969. JSTOR 1264219. S2CID 143569805. Bernard, H Russell (January 1970). "More on Nasalized Vowels and Morphophonemics in Mezquital Otomi: A Rejoinder to Bartholomew". International Journal of American Linguistics. 36 (1): 60–63. doi:10.1086/465093. JSTOR 1264486. S2CID 143548278.
During the mid-twentieth century, linguists differed regarding the analysis of tones in Otomi. Kenneth Pike Sinclair & Pike (1948), Doris Bartholomew Bartholomew (1968);Bartholomew (1979) and Blight & Pike (1976) preferred an analysis including three tones, but Leon & Swadesh (1949)and Bernard (1966), Bernard (1974) preferred an analysis with only two tones, in which the rising tone was analyzed as two consecutive tones on one long vowel. In fact, Bernard didn't believe that Otomi should be analyzed as being tonal, as he believed instead that tone in Otomi was not lexical, but rather predictable from other phonetic elements. This analysis was rejected as untenable by the thorough analysis of Wallis (1968) and the three tone analysis became the standard. Sinclair, Donald; Pike, Kenneth (1948). "Tonemes of Mesquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 14 (1): 91–98. doi:10.1086/463988. JSTOR 1263233. S2CID 143650900. Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950. Bartholomew, Doris (January 1979). "Otomi Parables, Folktales, and Jokes [Book review]". International Journal of American Linguistics. 45 (1): 94–97. doi:10.1086/465579. JSTOR 1264981. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966. Leon, Frances; Swadesh, Morris (1949). "Two views of Otomi prosody". International Journal of American Linguistics. 15 (2): 100–105. doi:10.1086/464028. JSTOR 1262769. S2CID 144006207. Bernard, H Russell (December 1966). "Otomi Tones". Anthropological Linguistics. 8 (9): 15–19. JSTOR 30029194. Bernard, H Russell (April 1974). "Otomi Tones in Discourse". International Journal of American Linguistics. 40 (2): 141–150. doi:10.1086/465300. JSTOR 1264352. S2CID 144848859.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950a. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950a). "Central Otomian I:Proto-Otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (1): 1–19. doi:10.1086/464056. JSTOR 1262748. S2CID 144486505.
Newman & Weitlaner 1950b. Newman, Stanley; Weitlaner, Roberto (1950b). "Central Otomian II:Primitive central otomian reconstructions". International Journal of American Linguistics. 16 (2): 73–81. doi:10.1086/464067. JSTOR 1262851. S2CID 143618683.
Bartholomew 1960. Bartholomew, Doris (October 1960). "Some revisions of Proto-Otomi consonants". International Journal of American Linguistics. 26 (4): 317–329. doi:10.1086/464591. JSTOR 1263552. S2CID 144874022.
Blight & Pike 1976. Blight, Richard C.; Pike, Eunice V. (January 1976). "The Phonology of Tenango Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 42 (1): 51–57. doi:10.1086/465386. JSTOR 1264808. S2CID 144527966.
Bartholomew (1968) Bartholomew, Doris (July 1968). "Concerning the Elimination of Nasalized Vowels in Mezquital Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 34 (3): 215–217. doi:10.1086/465017. JSTOR 1263568. S2CID 143848950.
Palancar 2004b. Palancar, Enrique L. (2004b). "Verbal Morphology and Prosody in Otomi". International Journal of American Linguistics. 70 (3): 251–78. doi:10.1086/425601. JSTOR 3652030. S2CID 143924185.
Palancar 2006a. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006a). "Intransitivity and the origins of middle voice in Otomi". Linguistics. 44 (3): 613–643. doi:10.1515/LING.2006.020. S2CID 144073740.
Palancar 2006b, p. 332. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006b). "Property in Otomi: a language with no adjectives". International Journal of American Linguistics. 72 (3): 325–66. doi:10.1086/509489. S2CID 144634622.
Palancar 2006b. Palancar, Enrique L. (2006b). "Property in Otomi: a language with no adjectives". International Journal of American Linguistics. 72 (3): 325–66. doi:10.1086/509489. S2CID 144634622.

sil.org

Chávez & Lanier Murray 2001. Chávez, Evaristo Bernabé; Lanier Murray, Nancy (2001). "Notas históricas sobre las variaciones de los alfabetos otomíes" (PDF). Publicaciones impresas. Instituto Lingüístico de Verano. Retrieved 2009-08-29.

web.archive.org

Wright Carr (2005a) Wright Carr, David Charles (2005a). "Precisiones sobre el término "otomí"" (PDF). Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2008. Retrieved 2006-12-06.
Wright Carr (2005b) Wright Carr, David Charles (2005b). "Lengua, cultura e historia de los otomíes". Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 26–2. Archived from the original on 2011-02-26.
INALI [Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas] (n.d.). "Presentación de la Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos". Difusión de INALI (in Spanish). INALI, Secretaría de Educación Pública. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-03-31.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
"INEGI: Cada vez más mexicanos hablan una lengua indígena - Nacional - CNNMéxico.com". Mexico.cnn.com. 2011-03-30. Archived from the original on 2011-12-06. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
Lastra (2006:57); Wright Carr (2005a) Lastra, Yolanda (2006). Los Otomies – Su lengua y su historia (in Spanish). Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, UNAM. ISBN 978-970-32-3388-5. Wright Carr, David Charles (2005a). "Precisiones sobre el término "otomí"" (PDF). Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 19. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2008. Retrieved 2006-12-06.
Lastra (1996:3) Lastra, Yolanda (1996). "Verbal Morphology of Ixtenco Otomi" (PDF). Amérindia. 21: 93–100. ISSN 0221-8852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-08-05. (PDF has a different pagination from the original publication)
Wright Carr 2005b. Wright Carr, David Charles (2005b). "Lengua, cultura e historia de los otomíes". Arqueología Mexicana (in Spanish). 13 (73): 26–2. Archived from the original on 2011-02-26.

worldcat.org

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Bernard & Salinas Pedraza 1976. Bernard, H. Russel; Salinas Pedraza, Jesús (1976). Otomí Parables, Folk Tales and Jokes. Native American Text Series. Vol. 1. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISSN 0361-3399.
Lastra (1996:3) Lastra, Yolanda (1996). "Verbal Morphology of Ixtenco Otomi" (PDF). Amérindia. 21: 93–100. ISSN 0221-8852. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-08-05. (PDF has a different pagination from the original publication)
Hess 1968, pp. 79, 84–85. Hess, H. Harwood (1968). The Syntactic Structure of Mezquital Otomi. Janua Linguarum. Series practica. The Hague: Mouton. ISBN 9783112026465. OCLC 438991.