Palin Report 1920, British National Archives (FO 371/5121) p.41:"Dr. de Sola Pool gave as his definition of the word that it meant 'an attack on the Jews of the city carried out by the lower lawless elements who were given free play by the non-interference of the police and those charged with the keeping of order. Not necessarily with the connivance of the Government, but almost invariably of the lower police officials'."
