Pangaea (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Pangaea" in English language version.

refsWebsite

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43doi.org

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28harvard.edu

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10nih.gov

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4handle.net

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2britannica.com

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2books.google.com

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2elsevier.com

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2berkeley.edu

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2jstor.org

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1web.archive.org

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1lexico.com

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1etymonline.com

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1geoscienceworld.org

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1archive.today

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archive.today

"Climate of Pangaea, Britannica". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11 February 2025. Archived from the original on 10 May 2025. Retrieved 10 May 2025.

berkeley.edu

ucmp.berkeley.edu

"Life of the Carboniferous". UC Museum of Paleontology. UC Berkeley. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
"Jurassic Period: Life". UC Museum of Paleontology. UC Berkeley. Retrieved 19 February 2021.

books.google.com

Usener, H. Scholia in Lucani Bellum Civile, Vol. I. (Leipzig), 1869.
Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016b). "Methods for Locating Old Continents and Terranes". Earth History and Palaeogeography. pp. 3–37. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.

britannica.com

"Pangea". Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2015.
"Climate of Pangaea, Britannica". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 11 February 2025. Archived from the original on 10 May 2025. Retrieved 10 May 2025.

doi.org

Jaworski, E. (November 1922). "Die A. Wegenersche Hypothese der Kontinentalverschiebungen: Eine kritische Zusammenstellung". Geologische Rundschau. 13 (3): 273–296. Bibcode:1922GeoRu..13..273J. doi:10.1007/bf01799790.
Holmes, A. (1 January 1931). "XVIII. Radioactivity and Earth Movements". Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow. 18 (3): 559–606. doi:10.1144/transglas.18.3.559.
Bullard, Edward; Everett, J.E.; Smith, A. Gilbert (28 October 1965). "The fit of the continents around the Atlantic". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 258 (1088): 41–51. Bibcode:1965RSPTA.258...41B. doi:10.1098/rsta.1965.0020.
Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2019). "The integration of palaeomagnetism, the geological record and mantle tomography in the location of ancient continents". Geological Magazine. 156 (2): 242–260. Bibcode:2019GeoM..156..242T. doi:10.1017/S001675681700098X.
Pyron, R. Alexander (1 September 2014). "Biogeographic Analysis Reveals Ancient Continental Vicariance and Recent Oceanic Dispersal in Amphibians". Systematic Biology. 63 (5): 779–797. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syu042. PMID 24951557.
Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016b). "Methods for Locating Old Continents and Terranes". Earth History and Palaeogeography. pp. 3–37. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Zhao, Guochun; Cawood, Peter A; Wilde, Simon A; Sun, Min (November 2002). "Review of global 2.1–1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent". Earth-Science Reviews. 59 (1–4): 125–162. Bibcode:2002ESRv...59..125Z. doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00073-9.
Zhao, Guochun; Sun, Min; Wilde, Simon A.; Li, Sanzhong (September 2004). "A Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent: assembly, growth and breakup". Earth-Science Reviews. 67 (1–2): 91–123. Bibcode:2004ESRv...67...91Z. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.02.003.
Li, Z.X.; Bogdanova, S.V.; Collins, A.S.; Davidson, A.; De Waele, B.; Ernst, R.E.; Fitzsimons, I.C.W.; Fuck, R.A.; Gladkochub, D.P.; Jacobs, J.; Karlstrom, K.E.; Lu, S.; Natapov, L.M.; Pease, V.; Pisarevsky, S.A.; Thrane, K.; Vernikovsky, V. (2007). "Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis". Precambrian Research. 160 (1–2): 179–210. Bibcode:2008PreR..160..179L. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.021.
Torsvik, T. H. (30 May 2003). "GEOLOGY: Enhanced: The Rodinia Jigsaw Puzzle". Science. 300 (5624): 1379–1381. doi:10.1126/science.1083469. PMID 12775828.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, pp. 78–83. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Nance, R. Damian; Murphy, J. Brendan (2019). "Supercontinents and the case for Pannotia". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 470 (1): 65–86. Bibcode:2019GSLSP.470...65N. doi:10.1144/SP470.5.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, pp. 125, 153. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Cocks, L. Robin M.; Torsvik, Trond H. (February 2013). "The dynamic evolution of the Palaeozoic geography of eastern Asia". Earth-Science Reviews. 117: 40–79. Bibcode:2013ESRv..117...40C. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.12.001.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, pp. 140, 161. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, pp. 161, 171–172, 237. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, pp. 180–181, 198. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Torsvik & Cocks 2016a, p. ^{[page needed]}. Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2016a). Earth History and Palaeogeography. doi:10.1017/9781316225523. ISBN 978-1-316-22552-3.
Scotese, C.R.; Schettino, A. (2017). "Late Permian-Early Jurassic Paleogeography of Western Tethys and the World". Permo-Triassic Salt Provinces of Europe, North Africa and the Atlantic Margins. pp. 57–95. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809417-4.00004-5. ISBN 978-0-12-809417-4.
Nance, R. Damian; Gutiérrez-Alonso, Gabriel; Keppie, J. Duncan; Linnemann, Ulf; Murphy, J. Brendan; Quesada, Cecilio; Strachan, Rob A.; Woodcock, Nigel H. (March 2010). "Evolution of the Rheic Ocean". Gondwana Research. 17 (2–3): 194–222. Bibcode:2010GondR..17..194N. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2009.08.001.
Kent, D.V.; Muttoni, G. (September 2020). "Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 553: 109753. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109753. hdl:2434/742688.
Domeier, Mathew; Font, Eric; Youbi, Nasrrddine; Davies, Joshua; Nemkin, Samantha; Van der Voo, Rob; Perrot, Morgann; Benabbou, Mohamed; Boumehdi, Moulay Ahmed; Torsvik, Trond H. (February 2021). "On the Early Permian shape of Pangea from paleomagnetism at its core". Gondwana Research. 90: 171–198. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.11.005. hdl:10852/91762.
Scotese, C. R.; Langford, R. P. (1995). "Pangea and the Paleogeography of the Permian". The Permian of Northern Pangea. pp. 3–19. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78593-1_1. ISBN 978-3-642-78595-5.
Wang, X.-D; Ueno, K.; Mizuno, Y.; Sugiyama, T. (June 2001). "Late Paleozoic faunal, climatic, and geographic changes in the Baoshan block as a Gondwana-derived continental fragment in southwest China". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 170 (3–4): 197–218. Bibcode:2001PPP...170..197W. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00228-0.
Liu, Jun; Yi, Jian; Chen, Jian-Ye (August 2020). "Constraining assembly time of some blocks on eastern margin of Pangea using Permo-Triassic non-marine tetrapod records". Earth-Science Reviews. 207: 103215. Bibcode:2020ESRv..20703215L. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103215.
Mazaheri-Johari, Mina; Roghi, Guido; Caggiati, Marcello; Kustatscher, Evelyn; Ghasemi-Nejad, Ebrahim; Zanchi, Andrea; Gianolla, Piero (January 2022). "Disentangling climate signal from tectonic forcing: The Triassic Aghdarband Basin (Turan Domain, Iran)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 586: 110777. Bibcode:2022PPP...58610777M. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110777. hdl:10281/338795.
Tore Grane Klausen, Björn Nyberg, William Helland-Hansen (2019-03-22). "The largest delta plain in Earth's history". Geology. 47 (5): 470–474. Bibcode:2019Geo....47..470K. doi:10.1130/G45507.1. hdl:1956/22168. Retrieved 2025-05-25.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Scotese, Christopher R. (30 May 2021). "An Atlas of Phanerozoic Paleogeographic Maps: The Seas Come In and the Seas Go Out". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 679–728. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..679S. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-081320-064052.
Parrish, Judith Totman (March 1993). "Climate of the Supercontinent Pangea". The Journal of Geology. 101 (2): 215–233. Bibcode:1993JG....101..215P. doi:10.1086/648217.
Parrish, J. T. (1995). "Geologic Evidence of Permian Climate". The Permian of Northern Pangea. pp. 53–61. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-78593-1_4. ISBN 978-3-642-78595-5.
Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. (15 September 1993). "Tropical mountains and coal formation: A climate model study of the Westphalian (306 MA)". Geophysical Research Letters. 20 (18): 1947–1950. Bibcode:1993GeoRL..20.1947O. doi:10.1029/93GL02235.
Brune, Sascha; Williams, Simon E.; Müller, R. Dietmar (December 2017). "Potential links between continental rifting, CO2 degassing and climate change through time". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 941–946. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..941B. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0003-6.
Erwin, D.H. (1990). "The end-Permian mass extinction". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 21 (1): 69–91. Bibcode:1990AnRES..21...69E. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.21.110190.000441. JSTOR 2097019.
Pardo, Jason D.; Small, Bryan J.; Milner, Andrew R.; Huttenlocker, Adam K. (February 2019). "Carboniferous–Permian climate change constrained early land vertebrate radiations". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 3 (2): 200–206. Bibcode:2019NatEE...3..200P. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0776-z. PMID 30664698.
Ziegler, Alfred M.; Eshel, Gidon; Rees, P. McAllister; Rothfus, Thomas A.; Rowley, David B.; Sunderlin, David (September 2003). "Tracing the tropics across land and sea: Permian to present". Lethaia. 36 (3): 227–254. Bibcode:2003Letha..36..227Z. doi:10.1080/00241160310004657.
Looy, Cindy V.; Ranks, Stephanie L.; Chaney, Dan S.; Sanchez, Sophie; Steyer, Jean-Sébastien; Smith, Roger M.H.; Sidor, Christian A.; Myers, Timothy S.; Ide, Oumarou; Tabor, Neil J. (June 2016). "Biological and physical evidence for extreme seasonality in central Permian Pangea". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 451: 210–226. Bibcode:2016PPP...451..210L. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.02.016.
Sahney, Sarda; Benton, Michael J (7 April 2008). "Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1636): 759–765. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370. PMC 2596898. PMID 18198148.
Button, David J.; Lloyd, Graeme T.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Butler, Richard J. (December 2017). "Mass extinctions drove increased global faunal cosmopolitanism on the supercontinent Pangaea". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 733. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8..733B. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00827-7. PMC 5635108. PMID 29018290.
Chaboureau, Anne-Claire; Sepulchre, Pierre; Donnadieu, Yannick; Franc, Alain (30 September 2014). "Tectonic-driven climate change and the diversification of angiosperms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (39): 14066–14070. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11114066C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1324002111. PMC 4191762. PMID 25225405.
Simberloff, Daniel S. (March 1974). "Permo-Triassic Extinctions: Effects of Area on Biotic Equilibrium". The Journal of Geology. 82 (2): 267–274. Bibcode:1974JG.....82..267S. doi:10.1086/627962.
Hansen, Thor A. (1987). "Extinction of Late Eocene to Oligocene Molluscs: Relationship to Shelf Area, Temperature Changes, and Impact Events". PALAIOS. 2 (1): 69–75. Bibcode:1987Palai...2...69H. doi:10.2307/3514573. JSTOR 3514573.
Schettino, Antonio; Turco, Eugenio (August 2009). "Breakup of Pangaea and plate kinematics of the central Atlantic and Atlas regions". Geophysical Journal International. 178 (2): 1078–1097. Bibcode:2009GeoJI.178.1078S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04186.x.
DeConto, Robert M.; Pollard, David (January 2003). "Rapid Cenozoic glaciation of Antarctica induced by declining atmospheric CO2". Nature. 421 (6920): 245–249. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..245D. doi:10.1038/nature01290. PMID 12529638.

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Kent, D.V.; Muttoni, G. (September 2020). "Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 553: 109753. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109753. hdl:2434/742688.
Domeier, Mathew; Font, Eric; Youbi, Nasrrddine; Davies, Joshua; Nemkin, Samantha; Van der Voo, Rob; Perrot, Morgann; Benabbou, Mohamed; Boumehdi, Moulay Ahmed; Torsvik, Trond H. (February 2021). "On the Early Permian shape of Pangea from paleomagnetism at its core". Gondwana Research. 90: 171–198. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.11.005. hdl:10852/91762.

etymonline.com

"Pangaea". Online Etymology Dictionary.

geoscienceworld.org

pubs.geoscienceworld.org

Tore Grane Klausen, Björn Nyberg, William Helland-Hansen (2019-03-22). "The largest delta plain in Earth's history". Geology. 47 (5): 470–474. Bibcode:2019Geo....47..470K. doi:10.1130/G45507.1. hdl:1956/22168. Retrieved 2025-05-25.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Kent, D.V.; Muttoni, G. (September 2020). "Pangea B and the Late Paleozoic Ice Age". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 553: 109753. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109753. hdl:2434/742688.
Domeier, Mathew; Font, Eric; Youbi, Nasrrddine; Davies, Joshua; Nemkin, Samantha; Van der Voo, Rob; Perrot, Morgann; Benabbou, Mohamed; Boumehdi, Moulay Ahmed; Torsvik, Trond H. (February 2021). "On the Early Permian shape of Pangea from paleomagnetism at its core". Gondwana Research. 90: 171–198. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.11.005. hdl:10852/91762.
Mazaheri-Johari, Mina; Roghi, Guido; Caggiati, Marcello; Kustatscher, Evelyn; Ghasemi-Nejad, Ebrahim; Zanchi, Andrea; Gianolla, Piero (January 2022). "Disentangling climate signal from tectonic forcing: The Triassic Aghdarband Basin (Turan Domain, Iran)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 586: 110777. Bibcode:2022PPP...58610777M. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110777. hdl:10281/338795.
Tore Grane Klausen, Björn Nyberg, William Helland-Hansen (2019-03-22). "The largest delta plain in Earth's history". Geology. 47 (5): 470–474. Bibcode:2019Geo....47..470K. doi:10.1130/G45507.1. hdl:1956/22168. Retrieved 2025-05-25.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Jaworski, E. (November 1922). "Die A. Wegenersche Hypothese der Kontinentalverschiebungen: Eine kritische Zusammenstellung". Geologische Rundschau. 13 (3): 273–296. Bibcode:1922GeoRu..13..273J. doi:10.1007/bf01799790.
Bullard, Edward; Everett, J.E.; Smith, A. Gilbert (28 October 1965). "The fit of the continents around the Atlantic". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 258 (1088): 41–51. Bibcode:1965RSPTA.258...41B. doi:10.1098/rsta.1965.0020.
Torsvik, Trond H.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2019). "The integration of palaeomagnetism, the geological record and mantle tomography in the location of ancient continents". Geological Magazine. 156 (2): 242–260. Bibcode:2019GeoM..156..242T. doi:10.1017/S001675681700098X.
Zhao, Guochun; Cawood, Peter A; Wilde, Simon A; Sun, Min (November 2002). "Review of global 2.1–1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent". Earth-Science Reviews. 59 (1–4): 125–162. Bibcode:2002ESRv...59..125Z. doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00073-9.
Zhao, Guochun; Sun, Min; Wilde, Simon A.; Li, Sanzhong (September 2004). "A Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent: assembly, growth and breakup". Earth-Science Reviews. 67 (1–2): 91–123. Bibcode:2004ESRv...67...91Z. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2004.02.003.
Li, Z.X.; Bogdanova, S.V.; Collins, A.S.; Davidson, A.; De Waele, B.; Ernst, R.E.; Fitzsimons, I.C.W.; Fuck, R.A.; Gladkochub, D.P.; Jacobs, J.; Karlstrom, K.E.; Lu, S.; Natapov, L.M.; Pease, V.; Pisarevsky, S.A.; Thrane, K.; Vernikovsky, V. (2007). "Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis". Precambrian Research. 160 (1–2): 179–210. Bibcode:2008PreR..160..179L. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.021.
Nance, R. Damian; Murphy, J. Brendan (2019). "Supercontinents and the case for Pannotia". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 470 (1): 65–86. Bibcode:2019GSLSP.470...65N. doi:10.1144/SP470.5.
Cocks, L. Robin M.; Torsvik, Trond H. (February 2013). "The dynamic evolution of the Palaeozoic geography of eastern Asia". Earth-Science Reviews. 117: 40–79. Bibcode:2013ESRv..117...40C. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2012.12.001.
Nance, R. Damian; Gutiérrez-Alonso, Gabriel; Keppie, J. Duncan; Linnemann, Ulf; Murphy, J. Brendan; Quesada, Cecilio; Strachan, Rob A.; Woodcock, Nigel H. (March 2010). "Evolution of the Rheic Ocean". Gondwana Research. 17 (2–3): 194–222. Bibcode:2010GondR..17..194N. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2009.08.001.
Wang, X.-D; Ueno, K.; Mizuno, Y.; Sugiyama, T. (June 2001). "Late Paleozoic faunal, climatic, and geographic changes in the Baoshan block as a Gondwana-derived continental fragment in southwest China". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 170 (3–4): 197–218. Bibcode:2001PPP...170..197W. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00228-0.
Liu, Jun; Yi, Jian; Chen, Jian-Ye (August 2020). "Constraining assembly time of some blocks on eastern margin of Pangea using Permo-Triassic non-marine tetrapod records". Earth-Science Reviews. 207: 103215. Bibcode:2020ESRv..20703215L. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103215.
Mazaheri-Johari, Mina; Roghi, Guido; Caggiati, Marcello; Kustatscher, Evelyn; Ghasemi-Nejad, Ebrahim; Zanchi, Andrea; Gianolla, Piero (January 2022). "Disentangling climate signal from tectonic forcing: The Triassic Aghdarband Basin (Turan Domain, Iran)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 586: 110777. Bibcode:2022PPP...58610777M. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110777. hdl:10281/338795.
Tore Grane Klausen, Björn Nyberg, William Helland-Hansen (2019-03-22). "The largest delta plain in Earth's history". Geology. 47 (5): 470–474. Bibcode:2019Geo....47..470K. doi:10.1130/G45507.1. hdl:1956/22168. Retrieved 2025-05-25.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Klausen Tore, Suslova Anna, Nyberg Björn, Paterson Niall, Helland-Hansen, William (April 2018). "The largest delta plain in Earth's history and its implications for life in the Triassic". Egu General Assembly Conference Abstracts: 646. Bibcode:2018EGUGA..20..646K. Retrieved 2025-05-25.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Scotese, Christopher R. (30 May 2021). "An Atlas of Phanerozoic Paleogeographic Maps: The Seas Come In and the Seas Go Out". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49 (1): 679–728. Bibcode:2021AREPS..49..679S. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-081320-064052.
Parrish, Judith Totman (March 1993). "Climate of the Supercontinent Pangea". The Journal of Geology. 101 (2): 215–233. Bibcode:1993JG....101..215P. doi:10.1086/648217.
Otto-Bliesner, Bette L. (15 September 1993). "Tropical mountains and coal formation: A climate model study of the Westphalian (306 MA)". Geophysical Research Letters. 20 (18): 1947–1950. Bibcode:1993GeoRL..20.1947O. doi:10.1029/93GL02235.
Brune, Sascha; Williams, Simon E.; Müller, R. Dietmar (December 2017). "Potential links between continental rifting, CO2 degassing and climate change through time". Nature Geoscience. 10 (12): 941–946. Bibcode:2017NatGe..10..941B. doi:10.1038/s41561-017-0003-6.
Erwin, D.H. (1990). "The end-Permian mass extinction". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 21 (1): 69–91. Bibcode:1990AnRES..21...69E. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.21.110190.000441. JSTOR 2097019.
Pardo, Jason D.; Small, Bryan J.; Milner, Andrew R.; Huttenlocker, Adam K. (February 2019). "Carboniferous–Permian climate change constrained early land vertebrate radiations". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 3 (2): 200–206. Bibcode:2019NatEE...3..200P. doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0776-z. PMID 30664698.
Ziegler, Alfred M.; Eshel, Gidon; Rees, P. McAllister; Rothfus, Thomas A.; Rowley, David B.; Sunderlin, David (September 2003). "Tracing the tropics across land and sea: Permian to present". Lethaia. 36 (3): 227–254. Bibcode:2003Letha..36..227Z. doi:10.1080/00241160310004657.
Looy, Cindy V.; Ranks, Stephanie L.; Chaney, Dan S.; Sanchez, Sophie; Steyer, Jean-Sébastien; Smith, Roger M.H.; Sidor, Christian A.; Myers, Timothy S.; Ide, Oumarou; Tabor, Neil J. (June 2016). "Biological and physical evidence for extreme seasonality in central Permian Pangea". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 451: 210–226. Bibcode:2016PPP...451..210L. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.02.016.
Button, David J.; Lloyd, Graeme T.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Butler, Richard J. (December 2017). "Mass extinctions drove increased global faunal cosmopolitanism on the supercontinent Pangaea". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 733. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8..733B. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00827-7. PMC 5635108. PMID 29018290.
Chaboureau, Anne-Claire; Sepulchre, Pierre; Donnadieu, Yannick; Franc, Alain (30 September 2014). "Tectonic-driven climate change and the diversification of angiosperms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (39): 14066–14070. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11114066C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1324002111. PMC 4191762. PMID 25225405.
Simberloff, Daniel S. (March 1974). "Permo-Triassic Extinctions: Effects of Area on Biotic Equilibrium". The Journal of Geology. 82 (2): 267–274. Bibcode:1974JG.....82..267S. doi:10.1086/627962.
Hansen, Thor A. (1987). "Extinction of Late Eocene to Oligocene Molluscs: Relationship to Shelf Area, Temperature Changes, and Impact Events". PALAIOS. 2 (1): 69–75. Bibcode:1987Palai...2...69H. doi:10.2307/3514573. JSTOR 3514573.
Schettino, Antonio; Turco, Eugenio (August 2009). "Breakup of Pangaea and plate kinematics of the central Atlantic and Atlas regions". Geophysical Journal International. 178 (2): 1078–1097. Bibcode:2009GeoJI.178.1078S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04186.x.
DeConto, Robert M.; Pollard, David (January 2003). "Rapid Cenozoic glaciation of Antarctica induced by declining atmospheric CO2". Nature. 421 (6920): 245–249. Bibcode:2003Natur.421..245D. doi:10.1038/nature01290. PMID 12529638.

jstor.org

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Sahney, Sarda; Benton, Michael J (7 April 2008). "Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 275 (1636): 759–765. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370. PMC 2596898. PMID 18198148.
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web.archive.org

"Pangaea". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020.