Rosa, R.S.; Charvet-Almeida, P.; Quijada, C.C.D. (2010). "Biology of the South American Potamotrygonid Stingrays". In Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Sharks and Their Relatives II: Biodiversity, Adaptive Physiology, and Conservation. Marine Biology. Vol. 20100521. CRC Press. pp. 241–285. doi:10.1201/9781420080483-c5 (inactive 2024-11-11). ISBN978-1-4200-8047-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)