Aldrich, J. M.; Webber, R. T. (1924). "The North American species of parasitic two-winged flies belonging to the genus Phorocera and allied genera". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 63 (17). United States National Museum: 90. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.63-2486.1. hdl:2027/osu.32435000472373.
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Aldrich, J. M.; Webber, R. T. (1924). "The North American species of parasitic two-winged flies belonging to the genus Phorocera and allied genera". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 63 (17). United States National Museum: 90. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.63-2486.1. hdl:2027/osu.32435000472373.